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Background There is a need to systematically identify and summarize the contemporary theories and theoretical frameworks used for co-creation, co-design and co-production in public health research. Methods The reporting of this systematic review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Given substantial interest in and application of co-creation, co-design and co-production, we searched PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus and APA PsycINFO from 2012 to March–April 2022. A quality assessment and data extraction for theory content was performed. Results Of the 3763 unique references identified through the comprehensive search strategy, 10 articles were included in the review: four articles named co-creation, two articles named co-creation and co-design, two articles named co-production and co-design, and two articles named co-design. Empowerment Theory was employed by two articles, whereas other theories (n = 5) or frameworks (n = 3) were employed by one article each. For the quality assessment, eight articles received a strong rating and two articles received a moderate rating. Conclusion There is little indication of theory applications for the approaches of co-creation, co-design and co-production in public health since 2012, given 10 articles were included in this review. Yet, the theories described in these 10 articles can be useful for developing such co-approaches in future public health research.

Previous research has shown that the temporal dynamics of human activity recorded by accelerometers share a similar structure with music. This opens the possibility to use musical sonification of accelerometry data to raise awareness of daily physical activity. In this study a method was developed for quantifying the daily structure of human activity using multigranular temporal segmentation, and applying it to produce musical sonifications. Two accelerometry recordings of physical activity were selected from a dataset, such that one shows more physical activity than the other. These data were segmented in different time-scales so that segmentation boundaries at a given time-scale have a corresponding boundary at a finer time-scale, occurring at the same point in time. This produced a hierarchical structure of daily events embedded in larger events, which is akin to musical structure. The segmented daily data of each subject was mapped to musical sounds, resulting in two short musical pieces. A survey measured the extent to which people would identify the piece corresponding to the most active subject, resulting in a majority of correct answers. We propose that this method has potential to be a valuable and innovative technique for behavioural change towards reducing sedentary behaviour and increasing physical activity., In: Pauletto, S., Delle Monache, S. and Selfridge, R. (Eds) Proceedings of the Conference on Sonification of Health and Environmental Data (SoniHED 2022). ISBN: 978-91-8040-358-0

Background: Conceptual clarity is needed for co-creation, co-production and co-design by categorising the contemporary theories (including theoretical frameworks) used in each, in the context of public health research. Methods: The reporting of this systematic review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). We systematically searched PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus and APA PsycINFO from 2012 as markedly arisen interest in co-creation, co-production and co-design, until March-April 2022. A quality assessment was performed in addition to data extraction for theory content. Results: Of the 3,763 unique references identified through the comprehensive search strategy, 10 articles were included in the review: four articles named co-creation, two articles named co-creation and co-design, two articles named co-production and co-design, and two articles named co-design. Empowerment Theory was employed by two articles, while the other theories were only employed by one article. For the quality assessment, eight articles received a strong rating and two articles received a moderate rating. Conclusions: Based on the few articles included in this review – little progress has been made over the last ten years. Yet the theories described in this review may help to identify theories useful for developing co-creation, co-design and co-production in public health research.

Background: There is a growing investment in the use of co-creation, reflected by an increase in co-created products, services and interventions. At the same time, a growing recognition of the significance of co-creators’ experience can be detected but there is a gap in the aggregation of the literature with regard to experience. Therefore, the purpose of this scoping review is to uncover the breadth of existing empirical research on co-creation experience, how it has been defined, assessed, and its key emotional and psychological characteristics in the context of co-created products, services, or interventions among adults. Methods: The development of the search strategy was guided by the research question, Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review methodology guidelines and through collaboration with members of the Health CASCADE consortium. The results of the search and the study inclusion process will be reported in full and presented both narratively and by use of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysesextension for scoping review (PRISMA-ScR) flow diagram. Comprehensive searches of relevant electronic databases (e.g., Scopus) will be conducted to identify relevant papers. Snowball searches to identify additional papers through included full-text papers will be done using the artificial intelligence tool, namely, Connected Papers. All review steps will involve at least two reviewers. Studies in English, Dutch, Chinese, Spanish and French, published from the year 1970 onwards, will be considered. Microsoft Excel software will be used to record and chart extracted data. Discussion: The resulting scoping review could provide useful insights into adult co-creators’ experience of participating in the co-creation process. An increased understanding of the role of emotional and psychological experiences of participating in co-creation processes may help to inform the co-creation process and lead to potential benefits for the co-creators’ and co-created outcome.

Purpose Information about mobility, and physical function may be encoded in the complexity of daily activity pattern. Therefore, daily activity pattern complexity metrics could provide novel insight regarding the relationship between daily activity behaviour and health. The purpose of the present study was to examine the association between the complexity of daily activity behaviour, and mobility and physical function among community-dwelling older adults aged 75, 80, and 85 years-of-age. Methods A total of 309 participants wore accelerometers concurrently on the thigh and the trunk for at least 3 consecutive days. Five activity states (lying, sitting, standing, walking, or activity other than walking) were defined in three different temporal grains (5 s, 1 min, 5 min) and Lempel-Ziv complexity was evaluated. We assessed complexity of daily activity behaviour with life-space mobility and physical function with distance in preferred pace 6 min walk, and short physical performance battery. Results Weak positive associations were observed between complexity of daily activity and mobility and physical function at the finest temporal grains in both sexes (Spearman rho 0.19 to 0.27; p < 0.05). No significant associations were observed in the coarsest temporal grain in either sex. Conclusions Lempel-Ziv estimates of daily activity complexity with a fine temporal grain seems to be associated with community-dwelling older adults’ physical function. The coarsest 5 min temporal grain may have smoothed out physiologically meaningful short activity bouts. Since complexity encodes information related to timing, intensity, and patterning of behaviour, complexity of activity could be an informative indicator of future physical function and mobility. peerReviewed

Additional file 7. Matrix 2 ��� Walking-related tasks.

Additional file 8. Matrix 3 ��� Walking as cognitive challenging task.

Additional file 2. Delphi Round 2 ��� Questions.

Additional file 2. Comparison of the characteristics between the study population included in the analyses (n=551) and the survey-only study population (n=2560) in the last available measurement in which the participantswere still working.

Additional file 1. Delphi Round 1 ��� Questions.

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Participant flow diagram.

Additional file 2: Table S1. Participant characteristics of the analytical sample (n = 267) and excluded participants.

Additional file 3. Delphi Round 3 ��� Questions.

Additional file 3: Table S2. Absolute and proportional time in total, sporadic and bouts of SED, LPA, MPA, and VPA at baseline and post-intervention per intervention group.

Additional file 1. The sequential binary partition used for the balance coordinate transformation.

Additional file 6. Matrix 1 ��� Walking un-related tasks.