1. Astrocytic response mediated by the CLU risk allele inhibits OPC proliferation and myelination in a human iPSC model
- Author
-
Liu, Zhenqing, Chao, Jianfei, Wang, Cheng, Sun, Guihua, Roeth, Daniel, Liu, Wei, Chen, Xianwei, Li, Li, Tian, E, Feng, Lizhao, Davtyan, Hayk, Blurton-Jones, Mathew, Kalkum, Markus, and Shi, Yanhong
- Subjects
Biological Sciences ,Genetics ,Aging ,Brain Disorders ,Stem Cell Research - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell - Human ,Stem Cell Research - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ,Neurodegenerative ,Stem Cell Research ,Neurosciences ,Underpinning research ,Aetiology ,1.1 Normal biological development and functioning ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Neurological ,Humans ,Alleles ,Astrocytes ,Cell Proliferation ,Clusterin ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ,Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells ,Polymorphism ,Single Nucleotide ,Alzheimer’s disease ,CLU ,CLU SNP ,CP: Neuroscience ,CXCL10 ,astrocytes ,iPSCs ,inflammatory response ,interferon response ,myelination ,oligodendrocyte progenitor cells ,Biochemistry and Cell Biology ,Medical Physiology ,Biological sciences - Abstract
The C allele of rs11136000 variant in the clusterin (CLU) gene represents the third strongest known genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease. However, whether this single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is functional and what the underlying mechanisms are remain unclear. In this study, the CLU rs11136000 SNP is identified as a functional variant by a small-scale CRISPR-Cas9 screen. Astrocytes derived from isogenic induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) carrying the "C" or "T" allele of the CLU rs11136000 SNP exhibit different CLU expression levels. TAR DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43) preferentially binds to the "C" allele to promote CLU expression and exacerbate inflammation. The interferon response and CXCL10 expression are elevated in cytokine-treated C/C astrocytes, leading to inhibition of oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) proliferation and myelination. Accordingly, elevated CLU and CXCL10 but reduced myelin basic protein (MBP) expression are detected in human brains of C/C carriers. Our study uncovers a mechanism underlying reduced white matter integrity observed in the CLU rs11136000 risk "C" allele carriers.
- Published
- 2023