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4. Assessment of Pollen Representation in NW Italy (Liguria and Piedmont).

Author

Attolini, Davide, Ciani, Francesco, Guido, Maria Angela, and Montanari, Carlo

Subjects
FOSSIL pollen, POLLEN, PALYNOLOGY, PLANT communities, PLANT populations, CHESTNUT
Abstract

This research focuses on the recent pollen image of several vegetation types in NW Italy. In 201 arboreal, shrubby, and herbaceous plant populations, pollen samples were taken from moss polsters, and the corresponding vegetation was recorded using the phytosociological method. Since studies on recent pollen rain in the Mediterranean mountains and coast are rare, this research aims to provide new data and tools to better interpret fossil pollen spectra. Pollen analysis provided data for the comparison between surface spectra and vegetation. Davis indices, fidelity, dispersion, and the relation with vegetation data were calculated for each taxon, and PCA was carried out. Most vegetation types are identifiable through the taxa dominating the pollen spectra, as frequently happens in woodlands (e.g., beech woods, chestnut woods, etc.). Characterizing shrubland and certain tree-dominated vegetation types (e.g., Larix forests) through pollen data is more complex. In this regard, Davis indices are particularly useful for identifying pollen/plant association, over- and underrepresentation of pollen, and taxa indicating vegetation types. Pollen threshold values were calculated which allow the assessment of the local presence of a plant. Overall, the achieved results partially confirm those of previous research carried out in the region, greatly expanding the comparisons between several different plant communities and the database in view of future sharing through the EMPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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7. Environmental impact of past Hg mining activities in the Monte Amiata district, Italy: A summary of recent studies

Author

Nannoni, Alessia, primary, Meloni, Federica, additional, Benvenuti, Marco, additional, Cabassi, Jacopo, additional, Ciani, Francesco, additional, Costagliola, Pilario, additional, Fornasaro, Silvia, additional, Lattanzi, Pierfranco, additional, Lazzaroni, Marta, additional, Nisi, Barbara, additional, Morelli, Guia, additional, Rimondi, Valentina, additional, and Vaselli, Orlando, additional

Published
2022
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10. Poggetti Vecchi (Tuscany, Italy): A late Middle Pleistocene case of human–elephant interaction

Author

Aranguren, Biancamaria, primary, Grimaldi, Stefano, additional, Benvenuti, Marco, additional, Capalbo, Chiara, additional, Cavanna, Floriano, additional, Cavulli, Fabio, additional, Ciani, Francesco, additional, Comencini, Giacomo, additional, Giuliani, Claudia, additional, Grandinetti, Giuditta, additional, Mariotti Lippi, Marta, additional, Masini, Federico, additional, Mazza, Paul Peter Anthony, additional, Pallecchi, Pasquino, additional, Santaniello, Fabio, additional, Savorelli, Andrea, additional, and Revedin, Anna, additional

Published
2019
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13. Paleoenvironmental context of the early Neanderthals of Poggetti Vecchi for the late middle Pleistocene of Central Italy

Author

Federico Masini, Marco Spadi, Chiara Capalbo, Nicola Macchioni, Anna Revedin, Amina Vietti, Marta Mariotti Lippi, Biancamaria Aranguren, Mario Voltaggio, Gianna Giachi, Carmine D’Amico, Chiara Capretti, Paul Mazza, Claudia Giuliani, Elsa Gliozzi, Lorena Sozzi, Pasquino Pallecchi, Francesco Ciani, Marco Benvenuti, Andrea Savorelli, Simona Lazzeri, Daniela Esu, Jean-Jacques Bahain, Benvenuti, Marco, Bahain, Jean Jacque, Capalbo, Chiara, Capretti, Chiara, Ciani, Francesco, D’Amico, Carmine, Esu, Daniela, Giachi, Gianna, Giuliani, Claudia, Gliozzi, Elsa, Lazzeri, Simona, Macchioni, Nicola, Lippi, Marta Mariotti, Masini, Federico, Mazza, Paul Peter A., Pallecchi, Pasquino, Revedin, Anna, Savorelli, Andrea, Spadi, Marco, Sozzi, Lorena, Vietti, Amina, Voltaggio, Mario, Aranguren, Biancamaria, Benvenuti, M., Bahain, J., Capalbo, C., Capretti, C., Ciani, F., D’Amico, C., Esu, D., Giachi, G., Giuliani, C., Gliozzi, E., Lazzeri, S., Macchioni, N., Lippi, M., Masini, F., Mazza, P., Pallecchi, P., Revedin, A., Savorelli, A., Spadi, M., Sozzi, L., Vietti, A. K, Voltaggio, M., and Aranguren, B.

Subjects
Marine isotope stage, 010506 paleontology, Pleistocene, Late middle Pleistocene, Context (language use), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Sudden death, Paleontology, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Late Middle Pleistocene, Central Italy, Palaeoloxodon, biology, Early Neanderthal, Settore GEO/01 - Paleontologia E Paleoecologia, biology.organism_classification, Early Neanderthals, Archaeology, Paleoenvironment, Facies, Paleoecology, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Sedimentary rock, Geology
Abstract

Work on thermal pools at Poggetti Vecchi in Grosseto, Italy, exposed an up to 3-meter-thick succession of seven sedimentary units. Unit 2 in the lower portion of the succession contained vertebrate bones, mostly of the straight-tusked elephant, Palaeoloxodon antiquus, commingled with stone, bone, and wooden tools. Thermal carbonates overlying Unit 2 are radiometrically dated to the latter part of the middle Pleistocene. This time span indicates that early Neanderthals produced the human artifacts from Poggetti Vecchi. The elephant bones belong to seven individuals of different ages. Sedimentary facies analysis and paleoecological evidence suggest a narrow lacustrine-palustrine embayment affected by water-level fluctuations and, at times, by hydrothermal water. Cyclic lake-level variations were predominantly forced by the rapid climatic fluctuations that occurred at Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 6–7 transition and throughout the MIS 6. Possibly an abrupt, intense, and protracted cold episode during the onset of MIS 6 led to the sudden death of the elephants, which formed an unexpected food resource for the humans of the area. The Poggetti Vecchi site adds new information on the behavioral plasticity and food procurement strategies that early Neanderthals were able to develop in Italy during the middle to the late Pleistocene transition.

Published
2017

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