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Aminoglycosides (AGs) constitute a major family of potent and broad-spectrum antibiotics disturbing protein synthesis through binding to the A site of 16S rRNA. Decades of widespread clinical use of AGs strongly reduced their clinical efficacy through the selection of resistant bacteria. Recently, conjugation of lipophilic groups to AGs generated a novel class of potent antibacterial amphiphilic aminoglycosides (AAGs) with significant improved activities against various sensitive and resistant bacterial strains. We have identified amphiphilic 3',6-dialkyl derivatives of the small aminoglycoside neamine as broad spectrum antibacterial agents targeting bacterial membranes. Here, we report on the synthesis and the activity against sensitive and resistant Gram-negative and/or Gram-positive bacteria of new amphiphilic 3',4'-dialkyl neamine derivatives and of their smaller analogues in the 6-aminoglucosamine (neosamine) series prepared from N-acetylglucosamine.

The synthesis of new β‐cyclodextrin dimers linked through their primary faces by different glycerol‐like moieties by click chemistry is described. The unusual behaviour of these cyclodextrin–glycerol dimers in aqueous solution has been studied by NMR spectroscopy. We show that, depending on the length of the linking arm between the two cyclodextrins, the dimers could adopt very different conformations in water: symmetrical or pseudo[1]rotaxane‐like structures through one D ‐glucopyranose unit tumbling in one β‐cyclodextrin., info:eu-repo/semantics/published