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Nowadays, the transports vehicles are required improvement or alternative source for fuel requirement, because of fuel shortage and reducing the global warming. Due to this reason, the electrical vehicle is more concentrated now. The electrical vehicle reduces the carbon emission and reduces the global warming. The main drawback for electrical vehicle is charging time and battery size. To overcome this problem, we use nanomaterial using batteries (like Li-ion battery and Li-based batteries). The nanomaterial particles increase the performance and storage battery capacity and reduce the size of the batteries.

Prediction is one of the most powerful and effective method used nowadays for improvement in business. Machine Learning Algorithms plays a vital role in predicting the future of business. It is widely used in the field of Marketing and Advertising fields also. The Commercial Value for the advertisement is gained based on the user click on the website. Digital advertisement and marketing play very important role in influencing the profit of business. Many Machine Learning algorithms were used for predicting and analyzing the online advertisement. In this paper, Linear Regression is used for predicting the user click on the advertisement.

Photovoltaic power generation is a potential alternative energy source that offers several benefits over other alternative energy sources such as wind, sun, ocean, biomass, geothermal, and so on. Multilevel inverters are essential for power conversion in solar power generation. These multilevel inverters employ three distinct topologies: diode-clamped (neutral-point clamped) inverter, capacitor-clamped (flying capacitor) inverter, and cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter. The cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter is more appropriate for photovoltaic applications than the other two topologies. The proposed system asymmetrical cascaded multilevel inverter (ACMLI) is energized using a photovoltaic system (PV). A three-phase cascaded H-bridge fifteen-level inverter for grid-connected solar systems is given in this study utilizing a proportional integral controller. The harmonic distortion was removed using a multicarrier pulse width modulation method. The MATLAB/Simulink is used to simulate the performance of a three-phase cascaded H-bridge fifteen-level inverter in terms of harmonic content and number of switches. To test the performance of the designed system, a hardware prototype was created. From the obtained results, the proposed method reduces the switch count, harmonic distortion, and rejects the external disturbances of input and output variables.

Pesticide resistance is a common concern. It exerts close association with economic and health associated problems in various plants and other organisms. Several approaches have been trialled for attracting and trapping the insects and flies that are acting as vectors for transmission of communicable diseases. Although Drosophila melanogaster (fruit flies) is not an agricultural pest, its presence in consumer dwelling areas is an objection to human, as it indicates signs of an unhealthy environment or products. The current study focuses on the development of nanoemulsion with synthetic attractants and entrapping in sticky glue formulation that could provide prolonged effect for attracting and trapping the fruit flies. The results of our study showed the efficient attractive ability of exposed nanoemulsion (A3E1T) containing amyl acetate, ammonia, ethanol and Tween 80 compared to that of control. While the sex-based effect was not very prominent, the nanoemulsion showed a higher relative response index to the flies and increased activity even during their siesta time. Therefore, the nanoemulsion-based approach could be identified as one of the promising lines of attack and a suitable alternative for the existing fruit fly control measures. The present study is the first of its kind in reporting the ability of nanoemulsion formulation to attract and influence the activity of fruit flies D. melanogaster, up to our best of knowledge.

In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), as sensor nodes have limited energy, the design of an energy‐efficient clustering technique is a critical challenge to be addressed. We propose an Energy‐Efficient Zone‐based Clustering algorithm for WSN that works efficiently in large area WSN as well. In the proposed method, the sensing field is divided into equal size zones, and one Zone Monitor is selected in each zone. The distance of a Zone Monitor from the Base Station is considered in the calculation of the number of desired Cluster Heads (CHs) in its zone for implementing Unequal clustering. The CHs are selected such that they are uniformly distributed inside each zone to conserve the energy of sensor nodes needed for intra‐cluster transmission. Also, for better load balancing among the selected CHs, we propose that cluster size should be uniform at zone level. Hence, after the CHs are selected, the remaining sensor nodes in a zone decide to become a cluster member of one of the selected CHs using a fuzzy‐based cluster formation technique. We compare the proposed algorithm with other approaches for three different network scenarios using parameters such as the number of alive nodes, the first node dies, half of the nodes die, the last node dies, the amount of data received at Base Station, and total remaining energy. Simulation results show that the proposed clustering algorithm provides better performance than other methods.

This work is focuses on the working system, which runs on both mechanical energy (engine), and electrical energy (motor) and to conserve fuel in tank by using the sustainable resource hydrogen thus the system will be working on hydrogen, petrol and Ni Mh cell. As a result, to make a working system which runs on both mechanical energy (engine) and electrical energy (motor)[1,2,3,4].

Objectives: To develop an enhanced web application, using web services for interconnecting social network, E-Commerce application and News channels. Products will be recommended based on customers’ preferences. Methods/Statistical Analysis: A three-tier methodology in which social network is the decision-making layer and E-commerce and news channel portals are the application layers. The social media layer will be analyzed using a method called as Text categorization which generates data for gathering user preferences. This information will be made as micro-blogging information. This will be passed on to other networks via Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Findings: The micro-blogging details are created at the tier one, Social network. This is then connected to e-commerce website and news portals. The micro-blogging information created will be purely based on users’ preferences, hobbies and other user data provided in the social network. These are further passed on to the e-commerce website to accurately recommend the products to individual users. Also, on the news portal, individual users can get notified about local news about their localities. Application/Improvements: This serves as a three-in-one application since there are three different tiers. Further improvements could be made by adding offline features. This could be improved by developing this as a separate mobile application. Keywords: E-Commerce, Recommender System, Social Media, ANN

Background: Cervical malignancy is a major health problem threatening women community in the developing countries. Aims: The main objective of this study is to investigate the awareness, knowledge of human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer (CC) risk factors among women. Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based, survey was conducted among females aged from 15 to 64 years in Tamil Nadu. It contained questions on sociodemographic data, awareness, knowledge of HPV and CC. Results and Conclusion: Of the 573 participants, only about 19% of women in Tamil Nadu were aware of CC and they know it is the second-most common gynecological cancer found among women in the country. About 14% of women were aware of HPV and HPV vaccine. Merely about 9% recognize that CC can be prevented and 7% say that HPV can be sexually transmitted. This study reveals that there is a low level of awareness and knowledge of HPV, CC among women in Tamil Nadu. The present study indicates the need for government organizations, health-care providers to join hands to educate middle-aged women with low educational status, create social awareness about the disease, its symptoms and reduce the risk of having CC in the population.

Let G = (V,E) be a graph with p vertices and q edges. Consider an injection f : V (G) → {1, 2, 3, ..., pq}. Define f∗ : E(G) → {T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , ..., T q }, where T q is the q th triangular number such that f∗(e) = for all edges e = uv. If f∗(E(G)) is a sequence of consecutive triangular numbers T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , ..., T q , then the function f is said to be restricted triangular difference mean. A graph that admits restricted triangular difference mean labeling is called restricted triangular difference mean graph. In this paper, we investigate restricted triangular difference mean behaviour of some standard graph.

Anti-HIV drug Lamivudine exhibit shorter half-life (2 h) and poor bioavailability (62% in paediatric patients), multiple dosing is required. To overcome the limitations, nanoparticles loaded buccal film was developed for prolonged drug release and improved efficiency. Nanoprecipitated Lamivudine-Eudragit E100 polymeric nanoparticles exhibited average particle size of 338 nm with polydispersity index 0.315. Buccal films prepared by solvent casting technique using sodium carboxy methyl cellulose and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (3:2) loaded with the nanoparticles showed initial drug release of 49% followed by sustained release to reach the maximum of 93% at the end of 8 h. Encapsulation of drug in nanoparticles and the film was confirmed through scanning electron microscopy, thermal and crystal characterization. Sustained drug release through Fickian diffusion mechanism from the matrix system was confirmed. The optimized formulation could be used to enhance therapeutic effect at reduced dose and side effects, especially for the paediatric anti-HIV therapy.

Extracts of the leaves, roots, stem, seeds and bark of Albizia amara have been scientifically proven to have certain anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities. They were also indicated in traditional folk medicine for treatment of wounds, abscesses, boils and dandruff. The purpose of this study is to experimentally prove the wound healing efficiency of A. amara leaves extract in Wistar rats with excision wound models, for the first time. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of A. amara leaves were obtained by Soxhlet extraction and subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening, which confirmed the presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, saponins, phenols and tannins. The GC–MS results showed the presence of n-hexadeconoic acid and phytol in significant amounts that contribute majorly for wound healing activity. The aqueous and ethanolic extracts exhibited significant anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro determined by reducing power assay and red blood cell membrane stabilization assay, respectively. Topical gels were formulated using different polymers, wherein 1% Carbopol gel containing the extract was identified with optimum pH and gel viscosity as 5,00,000 cP at shear rate of 1.5 s− 1 and considered suitable for the in vivo wound healing study in Wistar rats. The animals were divided into five groups and treated with topical application of standard povidone-iodine ointment, plain gel vehicle base, gels incorporated with extract at low, medium and high doses of extract, respectively. The healing process was dose-dependent with respect to the concentrations of the plant extract. The animals treated with the gel containing the extract showed greater wound healing effect compared to standard povidone treated (P

Insulinoma is a functional endocrine tumor of the pancreas that secretes insulin. Insulinoma comprises 25% of the pancreatic endocrine tumors. Patients may have heterogeneous presentation of symptoms varying from mild autonomic symptoms to severe hypoglycemic episodes. Sometimes, insulinoma may present with neuropsychiatric symptoms which can be mistaken for seizure disorder or dissociative disorder. Careful evaluation of the patient with such symptoms is advised to avoid delay in diagnosis of Insulinoma. Here, we are reporting a case who presented with episodic confusional state of 7 years’ duration that was misdiagnosed as refractory seizures. On further evaluation and monitoring, he was diagnosed with insulinoma, the details of which are elaborated in this case report.

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) have more than twofold risk of sexual dysfunction compared with age-matched healthy persons. Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery benefits in CAD populations are well established. Erectile dysfunction (ED) in men and arousal difficulties in women are highly prevalent in CAD, yet it is frequently under-recognized and under-diagnosed in clinical practice. A further study on the relation between CABG and sexual functioning is not much explored, hence the need for the study. Materials and Method: It is a cross-sectional study conducted in JSS Hospital, Mysuru, Karnataka. A total of 54 consecutive patients who have undergone CABG were considered. Informed and written consent was taken. After stabilization and thorough checkup by the attending cardiologist, interview was conducted. The patients were assessed on a structured and validated pro forma, for males International Index for Erectile Function (IIEF) and for females Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) were used. ANOVA and Student’s t test, statistical software SAS 9.2, SPSS 15.0, Stata 10.1, MedCalc 9.0.1, Systat 12.0, and R environment ver.2.11.1 were used for statistical analysis. Results: Of the 54 study subjects, in males, 69.4% had mild to moderate ED, 52.8% had mild orgasmic dysfunction, 44.4% had moderate desire dysfunction, 50% had mild to moderate dysfunction of intercourse satisfaction, and 44.4% had mild to moderate and moderate dysfunction in overall satisfaction. In females, one or the other forms of sexual dysfunction were present in all the female study subjects; among them, 66.7% had arousal difficulties, 44.4% had lubrication, orgasm, and satisfaction problems and pain difficulties. Conclusion: The results obtained in this study showed an increased prevalence rate of sexual dysfunction in patients who have undergone CABG. Hence addressing the concerned issues during the stay in the hospital is necessary for the better outcomes.

This paper starts with the benchmark analysis of shunt active power filter (SAPF) for adjustingeither compensations of harmonic current or compensating reactive power. Such equipment can capable of minimizing the content of harmonics present in the grid side generated by the non-linear loads. The proposed work represents the proficient responseof shunt active power filter for annihilates the contents of harmonics to keep the better quality of power supply.The implementation of SAPF on three-phase bridge (TPB) converters associated with cascaded single-stage transformers has been introduced.The transformers arrangements allow the compensator to utilize one dc-link unit that simplifies the management strategy and themode of operation. The system waveforms are provided by employing an appropriate pulse width modulation (PWM) technique having good co-relation with transformer turn ratio. System overview and easy maintenance create the projected SAPF has an efficient solution related with some standard previous configured model. The proposed model, PWM method and the control managements are given also as studies considering non-linear distortion and switching losses estimation. A MATLAB Simulink has been used to validate theImplementation of SAPF based on Cascaded Transformers Coupled with Three-Phase Bridge Converters.

Introduction: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) caused by coronary atherosclerosis include ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-STEMI, and unstable angina. The relation between psychiatric disorders and coronary artery disease is a complex one which includes the effect of the psychosocial factors on heart and vice versa. Point prevalence studies have been reported, but there is paucity of follow-up studies from India. Materials and Methods: The study is a follow-up evaluation at discharge of 248 consecutive patients presented with ACS at JSS Hospital, Mysuru, Karnataka, over a period of 6 months to assess the psychiatric comorbidities. The patients were assessed on a structured and validated pro forma before discharge, at 3 months, and at 6 months. Screening of psychiatric disorders was done using Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview PLUS 5.0.0 and assessment of depression was done using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. ANOVA, Student's t-test, and SPSS 21 were used for statistical analysis. Results: The most common psychiatric comorbidities include major depressive disorder (44%), it persisted at the end of 3 (P < 0.001) and 6 (P < 0.001) months. A spectrum of anxiety disorders including panic disorder (12.10%), dysthymia (3.60%), agoraphobia (2.40%), social phobia (2%), obsessive-compulsive disorder (1.6%), specific phobia (1.2%), and posttraumatic stress disorder (0.8%) in descending order at the end of 6 months were found. Significant reduction in substance use of nicotine (66.1%) and alcohol (56.0%) was reported on follow-up. Conclusion: Depression, anxiety, and substance use occur in patients with ACS which persist on follow-up. Early recognition at discharge and appropriate counseling on follow-up improve the clinical outcomes.

Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) are useful composites that are used in space, marine,commercial and medical fields because of less density, more stiffness, and resistance to corrosion. The mechanical and physical properties of MMCs are superior to the properties of aluminium alloy. In this article, the wear properties of coated ceramics and uncoated ceramics mixed with aluminium alloy are scrutiniszed. To fabricate the specimen, the Multiwall Carbon Nano Tubes (MWCNT) were overlaid on Silicon Carbide particles (SiCp) by Sonication process and the coated SiCp were reinforced with aluminium alloy (A 356) by semi solid stir casting method. Microstructures of the specimen were studied using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The chemical analysis was explored using Energy Dispersive X –ray Detector (EDX). The outcome revealed that the coated ceramics mixed with A 356 had a significant reduction in wear. The results of wear test proved that load, followed by the percentage of coated SiCp, had more influence on wear than sliding velocity.

The Flyback converter belongs to the primary switched converter family, which means there is isolation between input and output. Flyback converters have low number of components compared to other Switched Mode Power Supplies (SMPSs), they also have the advantage that several isolated output voltages can be regulated by one control circuit. This study proposes an efficient and cost effective Multi Flyback topology, an isolated DC-DC converter suitable for electric vehicle applications especially driven with induction motor. The converter topology forms a power interface between the battery and the motor and also capable of boosting the voltage from low voltage battery side to high voltage DC link. A Multi Flyback Converter topology implemented by paralleling three individual flyback converters at the battery input side and DC link output side. The topology will share the current across each individual converter and the individual power will be added up at the output side. The scheme incorporates a transformer winding technique which can reduce the leakage inductance of the coupled inductor to a satisfactory limit.

Let G = (V , E) be a graph with p vertices and q edges. G is said to have skolem difference mean labeling if it is possible to label the vertices with distinct elements ƒ (x) from 1,2,2,…, p + q in such a way that for each edge and the resulting labels of the edges are distinct and are from 1,2,2,…, q. A graph that admits a skolem difference mean labeling is called a skolem difference mean graph. In this paper, we prove that the graphs graphs.

The latest advancements in science and technology have observed large quantity of complicated structures and schema less data such as proteins, circuits, images, Web, and XML documents which can be modeled into various types of which one of the most dominant now a days are graphs. This has caused Graph Mining, one of the budding areas of research happening throughout. In this paper, we investigate the various algorithms for Graph Indexing which makes use of Frequent Sub graph as a key term for indexing, of which one the most dominant is FG-index algorithm. This algorithm is tested with AIDS dataset and an improved algorithm is proposed for effective indexing.

The clustering activity is an unsupervised learning observation which coalesce the data into segments. Grouping of data is done by identifying common characteristics that are labeled as similarities among data based on their characteristics. Scheming the Performance of selective clustering algorithms over different chosen data sets are evaluated here. Burst time is a performance parameter chosen in evaluating the performance of various selective clustering based machine learning algorithms. Here the investigational results are represented in a table. In our investigation we also suggest a clustering algorithm that performs quicker over a selected data set with reference to the parameter Burst time.