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Purpose: To present a summary of the treatment and follow-up recommendations for the biochemical recurrence in castration-sensitive prostate cancer (PCa) acquired through a questionnaire administered to 99 PCa experts from developing countries during the Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference for Developing Countries., Methods: A total of 27 questions were identified as related to this topic from more than 300 questions. The clinician's responses were tallied and presented in a percentage format. Topics included the use of imaging for staging biochemical recurrence, treatment recommendations for three different clinical scenarios, the field of radiation recommended, and follow-up. Each question had 5-7 relevant response options, including "abstain" and/or "unqualified to answer," and investigated not only recommendations but also if a limitation in resources would change the recommendation., Results: For most questions, a clear majority (> 50%) of clinicians agreed on a recommended treatment for imaging, treatment scenarios, and follow-up, although only a few topics reached a consensus > 75%. Limited resources did affect several areas of treatment, although in many cases, they reinforced more stringent criteria for treatment such as prostate-specific antigen values > 0.2 ng/mL and STAMPEDE inclusion criteria as a basis for recommending treatment., Conclusion: A majority of clinicians working in developing countries with limited resources use similar cutoff points and selection criteria to manage patients treated for biochemically recurrent castration-sensitive PCa., Competing Interests: Fernando S. M. MonteiroConsulting or Advisory Role: Bristol Myers Squibb, Roche, MSD Oncology, JanssenSpeakers' Bureau: Janssen, MSD Oncology, IpsenResearch Funding: Janssen (Inst)Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: Janssen, Roche, Bristol Myers Squibb Fabio A. SchutzEmployment: Ipsen (I)Consulting or Advisory Role: Bayer, Janssen Oncology, Roche, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Bristol Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Astellas Pharma, AstraZenecaSpeakers' Bureau: Janssen Oncology, Astellas Pharma, Bayer, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, AstraZeneca, Merck Sharp & Dohme, RocheResearch Funding: Janssen OncologyTravel, Accommodations, Expenses: Merck Sharp & Dohme, Roche, Bristol Myers Squibb, Astellas Pharma, Janssen-Cilag Igor A. P. MorbeckHonoraria: Janssen-Cilag, BMS Brazil, AstraZeneca, MSD Oncology, Astellas PharmaConsulting or Advisory Role: BMS Brazil, Janssen-Cilag, TakedaTravel, Accommodations, Expenses: Astellas Pharma, BMS Brazil Diogo A. BastosHonoraria: MSD, Roche, Bristol Myers Squibb, Janssen-Cilag, Astellas Pharma, AstraZeneca, BayerConsulting or Advisory Role: Roche, Bayer, Janssen-Cilag, MSD OncologyResearch Funding: Janssen-Cilag (Inst), Pfizer (Inst), Astellas Pharma (Inst)Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: Janssen-Cilag, Bayer Leonardo A. G. A. CostaHonoraria: Janssen Oncology, Astellas Pharma, AstraZenecaConsulting or Advisory Role: Janssen Oncology, Astellas Pharma, AstraZenecaTravel, Accommodations, Expenses: Janssen Oncology, Boehringer Ingelheim, Astellas Pharma, AstraZeneca Manuel C. MaiaConsulting or Advisory Role: AstraZeneca, Janssen OncologySpeakers' Bureau: Janssen Oncology, AstraZeneca, Bayer, MSD Oncology, Pfizer, Astellas PharmaExpert Testimony: MSD OncologyTravel, Accommodations, Expenses: Astellas Pharma, Janssen Oncology Stenio de Cassio ZequiConsulting or Advisory Role: Pfizer, Astellas BrazilSpeakers' Bureau: Pfizer, Astellas Pharma, Bayer, Janssen, Astra Zeneca Brazil Karine M. da TrindadeHonoraria: BMS Brazil, Janssen-Cilag, MSD OncologyConsulting or Advisory Role: MSD Oncology, Janssen-Cilag, Astellas PharmaResearch Funding: BMS Brazil, Roche/Genentech, MSD Oncology, Janssen-CilagTravel, Accommodations, Expenses: Janssen-Cilag, BMS Brazil, Ipsen Lucas V. dos SantosStock and Other Ownership Interests: Merck Sharp & Dohme, Eisai, Fleury GroupHonoraria: BMS Brazil, United Medical, Roche/GenentechConsulting or Advisory Role: Lilly, Bristol Myers Squibb, MSD, Roche/GenentechSpeakers' Bureau: BMS Brazil, United MedicalResearch Funding: Roche/Genentech (Inst), Janssen Oncology (Inst), Novartis (Inst), GlaxoSmithKline (Inst), Amgen (Inst), Boston Scientific (Inst), Takeda (Inst), BMS Brazil (Inst), MSD (Inst), Exelixis (Inst) Diogo A. R. da RosaHonoraria: RocheConsulting or Advisory Role: Janssen-Cilag, Bristol Myers Squibb, AstraZeneca, Astellas PharmaSpeakers' Bureau: AstraZeneca, Dr Reddy's Laboratories, Roche, MSD Oncology, BMS BrazilTravel, Accommodations, Expenses: Janssen-Cilag, Roche, BMS Brazil, Ipsen Francisco J. OrlandiHonoraria: Roche/GenentechConsulting or Advisory Role: AstraZeneca, Roche/Genentech, Bristol Myers Squibb, MSD Oncology, Pfizer, Novartis, SanofiSpeakers' Bureau: AstraZeneca/MedImmune, RocheResearch Funding: AstraZeneca/MedImmune, Amgen, Genentech/Roche, Boehringer Ingelheim, Astellas Medivation, MSD Oncology, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celltrion, Pfizer, mAbxience, Nektar, SanofiTravel, Accommodations, Expenses: MSD Oncology, Genentech/Roche Fernando N. G. de OliveiraConsulting or Advisory Role: Janssen OncologySpeakers' Bureau: Janssen Oncology, Astellas Pharma, MSD OncologyTravel, Accommodations, Expenses: Astellas Pharma, MSD Oncology Andrey SoaresHonoraria: Janssen, Pfizer, Bayer, Novartis, AstraZeneca, Astellas Pharma, Pierre Fabre, Merck Serono, Sanofi, Roche, MSDConsulting or Advisory Role: Astellas Pharma, Janssen, Roche, Bayer, Lilly, AstraZeneca, Novartis, MSD, Bristol Myers Squibb (Inst)Research Funding: Bristol Myers Squibb (Inst)Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: AstraZeneca, Pfizer, Astellas Pharma, Bristol Myers Squibb, Bayer, Roche, Janssen, Merck Serono, Sanofi, Ipsen, MSDNo other potential conflicts of interest were reported.

Purpose: The outcome of RCC has improved considerably in the last few years, and the treatment options have increased. LACOG-GU and LARCG held a consensus meeting to develop guidelines to support the clinical decisions of physicians and other health professionals involved in the care of RCC patients., Methods: Eighty questions addressing relevant advanced RCC treatments were previously formulated by a panel of experts. The voting panel comprised 26 specialists from the LACOG-GU/LARCG. Consensus was determined as 75% agreement. For questions with less than 75% agreement, a new discussion was held, and consensus was determined by the majority of votes after the second voting session., Results: The recommendations were based on the highest level of scientific evidence or by the opinion of the RCC experts when no relevant research data were available., Conclusion: This manuscript provides guidance for advanced RCC treatment according to the LACOG-GU/LARCG expert recommendations.

Background: Renal cell cancer (RCC) is one of the 10 most common cancers in the world, and its incidence is increasing, whereas mortality is declining only in developed countries. Therefore, two collaborative groups, The Latin American Oncology Cooperative Group-Genitourinary Section (LACOG-GU) and the Latin American Renal Cancer Group (LARCG), held a consensus meeting to develop this guideline., Methods: Issues (134) related to the treatment of RCC were previously formulated by a panel of experts. The voting panel comprised 26 specialists (urologists and medical oncologists) from the LACOG-GU/LARCG. A consensus was reached if 75% agreement was achieved. If there was less concordance, a new discussion was undertaken, and a consensus was determined by the most votes after a second voting session., Results: The expert meeting provided recommendations that were in line with the global literature; 75.0% of the recommendations made by the panel of experts were evidence-based level A, 22.5% of the recommendations were level B, and 2.5% of the recommendations were level D., Conclusions: This review suggests recommendations for the surgical treatment of RCC according to the LACOG-GU/LARCG experts., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest statement: Adriano Gonçalves e Silva, Speaker Fee: Janssen, Pfizer, Bayer, AstraZeneca, Astellas, Pierre-Fabre, Sanofi, Roche, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Bristol-Myers Squibb. Advisory Board: Astellas, Janssen, Roche, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Sanofi. André Deeke Sasse, Honoraria: Janssen, Astellas, Roche, Merck Sharp & Dohme. Advisory Board: Janssen, Astellas, Roche, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Bristol-Myers Squibb. Events Sponsorship: Janssen, Roche. André P. Fay, Honoraria: Pfizer, Astellas, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis, Roche, AstraZeneca, Merck Sharp & Dohme. Advisory Board: Janssen, Novartis, Roche, Pfizer, Ipsen. Research Funding: CAPES, CNPq, Bristol-Myers Squibb, AstraZeneca, Roche, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Pfizer. Andrey Soares, Speaker Fee: Janssen, Pfizer, Bayer, Novartis, AstraZeneca, Astellas, Pierre-Fabre, Merck-Serono, Sanofi, Roche. Events sponsorship: AstraZeneca, Pfizer, Astellas, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Bayer, Roche, Janssen, Merck Serono, Sanofi, Ipsen. Advisory Board: Astellas, Janssen, Roche, Bayer, Lilly, AstraZeneca, Novartis, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Bristol-Myers Squibb. Research Funding: Bristol-Myers Squibb. Denis Leonardo Jardim, Speaker Fee: Roche, Janssen, Astellas, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Bristol-Myers Squibb and Libbs. Advisory Board: Janssen, Bristol-Myers Squibb and Libbs. Deusdedit Cortez Vieira da Silva Neto, Speaker Fee: Janssen, Astellas, Pfizer. Advisory Board: Janssen. Diogo Assed Bastos, Research Funding: Janssen, Astellas, Pfizer, Merck Sharp & Dohme. Honoraria/Advisory Board: Janssen, Astellas, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Roche, Pfizer, Novartis, Bayer. Diogo Augusto Rodrigues da Rosa, Research Funding: Roche, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Janssen, Lilly, AstraZeneca, Merck Sharp & Dohme. Speaker Fee: Janssen, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Astellas, Roche, Amgen, Dr Reddy’s, Merck Sharp & Dohme. Events Sponsorship: Janssen, AstraZeneca, Astellas, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Bayer, Roche, Janssen, Ipsen. Advisory Board: Janssen, Bayer, AstraZeneca. Evanius Wierman, Honoraria: Janssen, Libbs. Advisory Board: Janssen. Fabio Kater, Speaker Fee: Janssen, Roche, Amgen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, AstraZeneca, Astellas. Events Sponsorship: Roche, Janssen. Fabio A. Schutz, Advisory Board: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Ipsen, Pfizer. Speaker’s bureau: Roche, Novartis, Pfizer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Janssen, Astellas. Felipe de Almeida e Paula, None. Fernando Cotait Maluf, Research Funding: Roche, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis, Janssen. Speaker Fee: Sanofi, Novartis, Bayer, Janssen, Astellas, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer. Advisory Board: Sanofi, Bayer, Janssen, Astellas, Novartis, Roche. Fernando Korkes, None. Fernando Nunes Galvão de Oliveira, Speaker Fee: Astellas, Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Bayer, Roche, AstraZeneca, Libbs. Advisory Board: Merck Sharp & Dohme, Janssen, Ferring. Fernando Sabino Marques Monteiro, Speaker and Advisory Board: Bristol-Myers Squibb. Gustavo Franco Carvalhal, None. Igor Alexandre Protzner Morbeck, Research Funding: Astellas. Honoraria/Advisory Board: Janssen, Astellas, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Roche, Pfizer, Novartis and Bayer. José Augusto Rinck Júnior, Speaker Fee/Events sponsorship: Pfizer, Astellas, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Bayer, Roche, Janssen, Aché. Karine Martins da Trindade, Research Funding: Roche, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck Sharp & Dohme. Speaker Fee: Janssen, AstraZeneca, Astellas, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Roche, Pfizer, Merck Serono. Events Sponsorship: Janssen, Astellas, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Roche, AstraZeneca, Pfizer, Astellas, Merck Serono, Sanofi, Novartis. Advisory Board: Janssen, Roche, Bristol-Myers Squibb. Lucas Nogueira, Speaker Fee: Janssen, Pfizer, Bayer, Astellas, Pierre-Fabre, Roche, Merck Sharp & Dohme. Events Sponsorship: Astellas, Bayer, Janssen. Advisory Board: Astellas, Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme. Manuel Caitano Maia, Speaker Fee: Pfizer. Events Sponsorship: Pfizer, Astellas, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Bayer, Roche, Janssen, Libbs. Roni de Carvalho Fernandes, Events Sponsorship: Astellas, Janssen, Handle/Cook. Speaker Fee: Janssen, Aché. Advisory Board: Janssen. Rodolfo Borges dos Reis, Speaker Fee: Janssen, AstraZeneca. Advisory Board: Janssen, Astellas. Research Funding: AstraZeneca. Events Sponsorship: Janssen, Pfizer, Astellas, Roche. Stênio de Cássio Zequi, Speaker fee: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer and AstraZeneca. Research funding: Merck Sharp & Dohme. Events sponsorship: Astellas. Vinicius Carrera Souza, Research Funding: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Janssen. Speaker Fee: Bayer, Janssen, Novartis, AstraZeneca, Merck Sharp & Dohme. Advisory Board: Roche, Janssen. Wagner Eduardo Matheus, Speaker Fee: Astellas, Janssen, Zodiac, AstraZeneca, Aché. Events Sponsorship: Astellas, Zodiac, Janssen, AstraZeneca. Walter Henriques da Costa, None. Speaker Fee: Astellas, Janssen, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Bayer. Events sponsorship: Astellas, Janssen, Zodiac. Research Funding: Bristol-Meyers Squibb. Wilson Francisco Schreiner Busato Jr, None.