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Label-free immunosensors are well suited for detection of microorganisms because of their fast response and reasonable sensitivity comparable to infection doses of common pathogens. Active (lever oscillator and frequency counter) and passive (impedance analyzer) modes of quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) were used and compared for rapid detection of three strains of E. coli. Different approaches for antibody immobilization were compared, the immobilization of reduced antibody using Sulfo‑SMCC was most effective achieving the limit of detection (LOD) 8 × 104 CFU·mL−1 in 10 min. For the passive mode, software evaluating impedance characteristics in real-time was developed and used. Almost the same results were achieved using both active and passive modes confirming that the sensor properties are not limited by the frequency evaluation method but mainly by affinity of the antibody. Furthermore, reference measurements were done using surface plasmon resonance. Effect of condition of cells on signal was observed showing that cells ruptured by ultrasonication provided slightly higher signal changes than intact microbes.

The paper deals with the issue of post-war abandoned communities and settlements in the Czech borderland and the current form and function of these places in society and in the countryside. The paper will first describe the development of abandonment and demolition of the border settlements in its historical and social context. Most of the extinct settlements in the Czech borderland described were levelled in the first years after World War II or during the reign of the communist regime in Czechoslovakia. Most of these settlements were destroyed because of the displacement of Germans from the Czech lands, as they remained permanently abandoned. Other settlements disappeared due to the establishment of a border zone or military training areas. The study will go on to discuss in more detail the theme of the collective recollection of the extinct border settlements from their former inhabitants, in this case mainly among the displaced Germans from the Czech lands. In the next part of the study, some specific activities to popularize and revive the abandoned settlements that occurred mainly after 1989 and are ongoing to the present day will be documented and critically evaluated directly in specific border regions.

The paper is aimed at the variability of historical landscape elements on the territory of the selected extinct settlements, to classify and to evaluate their development in the context of changes in anthropic pressure between the years 1945 and 2022, focusing on the Moravian-Silesian Region. The article presents a methodology for identifying physically extinct settlements and historical landscape elements by using statistical data, historical and current maps and field verification. Territorial dispersion and classification according to cases of the extinction, and according to individual landscape elements are elaborated. Research has confirmed a link between the cause of the settlement’s demise: the expulsion of German residents and proximity to the state border, a military training area, the construction of water reservoirs, mining and development projects, and surviving groups of historical landscape elements. The results can serve as a methodology for research in other areas. On a practical level, they can be used for landscape planning, territorial dispersion of tourism, and educational purposes.