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6. Salt marsh organic matter quality and decomposition under sea-level rise scenarios: from leaves to fine absorptive roots

Author

Arnaud, Marie, Bakhos, Melissa, Rumpel, Cornelia, Dignac, Marie-france, Norby, Richard J., Bottinelli, Nicolas, Deborde, Jonathan, Geairon, Philippe, Kostyrka, Pierre, Gernigon, Julien, Lemesle, Jean-christophe, Polsenaere, Pierre, Arnaud, Marie, Bakhos, Melissa, Rumpel, Cornelia, Dignac, Marie-france, Norby, Richard J., Bottinelli, Nicolas, Deborde, Jonathan, Geairon, Philippe, Kostyrka, Pierre, Gernigon, Julien, Lemesle, Jean-christophe, and Polsenaere, Pierre

Published
2024
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10. La construction d’un collectif scientifique créatif et bienveillant par la mobilisation des émotions et des sens à travers les liens sciences-art : Le Réseau Matières Organiques

Author

Dignac, Marie-France, Maurin, Coralie, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Direction Ressources Humaines (UAR DRH), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Dignac, Marie-France

Subjects
approche multi-sensorielle, multi-sensorial approach, research network, réseau de recherche, émotions, [SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, [SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, emotions, sciences-arts
Abstract

CONSTRUCTION OF A CREATIVE AND WELCOMING SCIENTIFIC COLLECTIVE THROUGH THE MOBILIZATION OF EMOTIONS AND SENSES VIA SCIENCE-ART LINKS:The french Organic Matter NetworkCompetition, publication, projects, funding, career: researchers are "squeezed like lem-ons". These pressures can erode their creativity. For the past ten years, the Organic Matter Network has been organizing research schools, with a major part devoted to original creative activities based on the sensorial, artistic or poetic perception of its research themes. We analyze in this article how the approach developed during these research schools, without constraint and following the desires of the group, has contributed to build a creative and friendly research collective. We try to formalize this approach and to evaluate its results., Concurrence, compétition, publication, projets, financement, carrière : les chercheurs sont « pressés comme des citrons ». Ces pressions peuvent briser leur créativité. Le Réseau Matières Organiques organise depuis dix ans des écoles-chercheurs laissant une large part à des ateliers créatifs originaux basés sur la perception sensorielle, artistique ou poétique de ses thématiques de recherches. Nous analysons dans cet article comment la démarche développée au fil de ces écoles, sans contrainte et en suivant les envies du groupe, a permis de construire un collectif de recherche créatif et bienveillant. Nous apportons des éléments de formalisation de cette démarche et tentons d'en évaluer les résultats.

Published
2022

16. Effet des espèces d'arbres et des propriétés du site forestier sur la biochimie de la matière organique

Author

Khalfallah, Fadwa, Derrien, Delphine, Buée, Marc, Dignac, Marie-France, Augusto, Laurent, AUGUSTO, Laurent, Unité de recherche Biogéochimie des Ecosystèmes Forestiers (BEF), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes (IAM), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (UMR ISPA), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Analyse des sols, Biochimie, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

International audience

Published
2022

17. Forest trees species shape the biochemistry of soil organic matter under the control of their associated microbial communities

Author

Khalfallah, Fadwa, Dignac, Marie-France, Biron, Philippe, Felbacq, A., de Schrijver, An, Legout, Arnaud, Smolander, Aino, Vanguelova, Elena, Verheyen, Kris, Vesterdal, Lars, Bernd, Zeller, Augusto, Laurent, Buée, Marc, Derrien, Delphine, AUGUSTO, Laurent, Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes (IAM), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de recherche Biogéochimie des Ecosystèmes Forestiers (BEF), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (UMR ISPA), Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)

Subjects
[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

International audience; Soil organic matter (SOM) is the largest carbon reservoir on the continents. It contains three to four times more carbon than vegetation. SOM content is particularly high in forest ecosystems, which cover 30% of Europe. The tree species is one of the main factors influencing the storage and biochemistry of soil organic matter, through its litter quality and the species-specific microbial communities.

Published
2022

19. Open-Source Script for Design and 3D Printing of Porous Structures for Soil Science

Author

Bedell, Romain, Hassan, Alaa, Tinet, Anne-Julie, Arrieta-Escobar, Javier, Derrien, Delphine, DIGNAC, Marie-France, Boly, Vincent, Ouvrard, Stéphanie, Pearce, Joshua, Equipe de Recherche sur les Processus Innovatifs (ERPI), Université de Lorraine (UL), GeoRessources, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (LRGP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Unité de recherche Biogéochimie des Ecosystèmes Forestiers (BEF), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institute of Ecology & Environmental Sciences of Paris, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire Sols et Environnement (LSE), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ONT. N6A 5B9, Canada, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and University of Western Ontario (UWO)-University of Western Ontario (UWO)

Subjects
[SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, Technology, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, slicing, modeling, 3D printing, open-source image processing software, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, soil structure, additive manufacturing, open-source
Abstract

International audience; Three-dimensional (3D) printing in soil science is relatively rare but offers promising directions for research. Having 3D-printed soil samples will help academics and researchers conduct experiments in a reproducible and participatory research network and gain a better understanding of the studied soil parameters. One of the most important challenges in utilizing 3D printing techniques for soil modeling is the manufacturing of a soil structure. Until now, the most widespread method for printing porous soil structures is based on scanning a real sample via X-ray tomography. The aim of this paper is to design a porous soil structure based on mathematical models rather than on samples themselves. This can allow soil scientists to design and parameterize their samples according to their desired experiments. An open-source toolchain is developed using a Lua script, in the IceSL slicer, with graphical user interface to enable researchers to create and configure their digital soil models, called monoliths, without using meshing algorithms or STL files which reduce the resolution of the model. Examples of monoliths are 3D-printed in polylactic acid using fused filament fabrication technology with a layer thickness of 0.20, 0.12, and 0.08 mm. The images generated from the digital model slicing are analyzed using open-source ImageJ software to obtain information about internal geometrical shape, porosity, tortuosity, grain size distribution, and hydraulic conductivities. The results show that the developed script enables designing reproducible numerical models that imitate soil structures with defined pore and grain sizes in a range between coarse sand (from 1 mm diameter) to fine gravel (up to 12 mm diameter).

Published
2021
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25. Land-use perturbations in ley grassland decouple the degradation of ancient soil organic matter from the storage of newly derived carbon inputs

Author

European Commission, Analyses et Expérimentations pour les Ecosystèmes (France), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Panettieri, Marco, Courtier-Murias, Denis, Rumpel, Cornelia, Dignac, Marie-France, Almendros Martín, Gonzalo, Chabbi, Abad, European Commission, Analyses et Expérimentations pour les Ecosystèmes (France), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Panettieri, Marco, Courtier-Murias, Denis, Rumpel, Cornelia, Dignac, Marie-France, Almendros Martín, Gonzalo, and Chabbi, Abad

Abstract

In a context of global change, soil has been identified as a potential carbon (C) sink, depending on land-use strategies. To detect the trends in carbon stocks after the implementation of new agricultural practices, early indicators, which can highlight changes in short timescales, are required. This study proposes the combined use of stable isotope probing and chemometrics applied to solid-state 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra to unveil the dynamics of the storage and mineralization of soil carbon (C) pools. We focused on light organic matter fractions isolated by density fractionation of soil water stable aggregates because they respond faster to changes in land use than the total soil organic matter (SOM). Samples were collected from an agricultural field experiment with grassland, continuous maize cropping, and ley grassland under temperate climate conditions. Our results indicated contrasting aggregate dynamics depending on land-use systems. Under our experimental conditions, grassland returns larger amounts of C as belowground inputs than maize cropping, evidencing a different distribution of light C fractions between aggregate classes. Coarse aboveground inputs from maize contributed mostly to larger macroaggregates. Land-use changes with the introduction of ley grassland provoked a decoupling of the storage and/or degradation processes after the grassland phase. The newly derived maize inputs were barely degraded during the first 3 years of maize cropping, whereas grassland-derived material was depleted. As a whole, results suggest large microbial proliferation as shown by 13 C NMR under permanent grassland, then reduced within the first years after the land-use conversion, and finally restored. The study highlighted a fractal structure of the soil, determining a scattered spatial distribution of the cycles of storage and degradation of soil organic matter related to detritusphere dynamics. As a consequence, vegetal inputs from a new land use a

Published
2020

26. Combining aggregate fractionation and molecular analyses to unreveal land use effects on soil carbon storage dynamics

Author

Panettieri, Marco, Rumpel, Cornelia, Courtier-Murias, Denis, Dignac, Marie-France, Chabbi, Abad, Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères (P3F), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES), Eau et Environnement (IFSTTAR/GERS/EE), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Cadic, Ifsttar, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, DIOXYDE DE CARBONE, CHANGEMENT CLIMATIQUE, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology
Abstract

28th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry, FLORENCE, ITALIE, 17-/09/2017 - 22/09/2017

Published
2017

27. Worms and minerals influence the biogeochemistry and turnover of composted organic matter

Author

Barthod, Justine, Dignac, Marie-France, Rumpel, Cornelia, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract

Worms and minerals influence the biogeochemistry and turnover of composted organic matter. 28 th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry

Published
2017

28. Biofilm vs. Planktonic Lifestyle: Consequences for Pesticide 2,4-D Metabolism by Cupriavidus necator JMP134

Author

Lerch, Thomas Z., Chenu, Claire, Dignac, Marie-France, Barriuso, Enrique, Mariotti, André, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES (UMR_7618 / UMR_D_242 / UMR_A_1392 / UM_113) ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, and Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris)

Subjects
Cupriavidus necator JMP134, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 4-D, lcsh:QR1-502, PLFA-SIP, 2,4-D, Microbiology, lcsh:Microbiology, biofilm
Abstract

The development of bacterial biofilms in natural environments may alter important functions, such as pollutant bioremediation by modifying both the degraders' physiology and/or interactions within the matrix. The present study focuses on the influence of biofilm formation on the metabolism of a pesticide, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), by Cupriavidus necator JMP134. Pure cultures were established in a liquid medium with 2,4-D as a sole carbon source with or without sand grains for 10 days. Bacterial numbers and 2,4-D concentrations in solution were followed by spectrophotometry, the respiration rate by gas chromatography and the surface colonization by electron microscopy. In addition, isotopic techniques coupled with Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) profiling were used to determine possible metabolic changes. After only 3 days, approximately 80% of the cells were attached to the sand grains and microscopy images showed that the porous medium was totally clogged by the development of a biofilm. After 10 days, there was 25% less 2,4-D in the solution in samples with sand than in control samples. This difference was due to (1) a higher (+8%) mineralization of 2,4-D by sessile bacteria and (2) a retention (15%) of 2,4-D in the biofilm matrix. Besides, the amount of carbohydrates, presumably constituting the biofilm polysaccharides, increased by 63%. Compound-specific isotope analysis revealed that the FAME isotopic signature was less affected by the biofilm lifestyle than was the FAME composition. These results suggest that sessile bacteria differ more in their anabolism than in their catabolism compared to their planktonic counterparts. This study stresses the importance of considering interactions between microorganisms and their habitat when studying pollutant dynamics in porous media.

Published
2017
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29. Carbon storage in soil: how different land uses affect particulate organic matter composition. A molecular approach using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Author

PANETTIERI, Marco, Courtier-Murias, Denis, Rumpel, Cornelia, Dignac, Marie-France, Doumert, Bertrand, Chabbi, Abad, Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Laboratoire Navier (navier umr 8205), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Michel Eugène Chevreul - FR 2638 (IMEC), Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères (P3F), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centrale Lille Institut (CLIL), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES), Fédération M.E. Chevreul, and Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract

Carbon storage in soil: how different land uses affect particulate organic matter composition. A molecular approach using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. EGU 2017, European Geophysical Union General Assembly 2017

Published
2017

30. Lignin as a molecular marker of land management impacts on soil C storage and turnover

Author

PANETTIERI, Marco, Rumpel, Cornelia, Dignac, Marie-France, Billiou, Daniel, Chabbi, Abad, Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères (P3F), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract

Lignin as a molecular marker of land management impacts on soil C storage and turnover. EGU 2017, European Geophysical Union General Assembly 2017

Published
2017

32. Composition and dynamics of cutin and suberin biomarkers in plants and soils under agricultural use

Author

Armas-Herrera, Cecilia María, Dignac, Marie-France, Rumpel, Cornelia, Arvelo, Carmen Dolores, Chabbi, Abad, Unité Mixte de Recherche, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris (IEES Paris), Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Departamento de Biología Animal, Edafología y Geología, Universidad de La Laguna [Tenerife - SP] (ULL), Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères (P3F), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract

Composition and dynamics of cutin and suberin biomarkers in plants and soils under agricultural use. EGU 2017, European Geophysical Union General Assembly 2017

Published
2017

34. Biofilm vs. Planktonic Lifestyle: Consequences for Pesticide 2,4-D Metabolism by Cupriavidus necator JMP134

Author

Chenu, Claire, Dignac, Marie-France, Barriuso, Enrique, Mariotti, André, and Lerch, Thomas Z.

Subjects
biofilm, 2,4-D, Cupriavidus necator JMP134, PLFA-SIP
Abstract

The development of bacterial biofilms in natural environments may alter important functions, such as pollutant bioremediation by modifying both the degraders' physiology and/or interactions within the matrix. The present study focuses on the influence of biofilm formation on the metabolism of a pesticide, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), by Cupriavidus necator JMP134. Pure cultures were established in a liquid medium with 2,4-D as a sole carbon source with or without sand grains for 10 days. Bacterial numbers and 2,4-D concentrations in solution were followed by spectrophotometry, the respiration rate by gas chromatography and the surface colonization by electron microscopy. In addition, isotopic techniques coupled with Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) profiling were used to determine possible metabolic changes. After only 3 days, approximately 80% of the cells were attached to the sand grains and microscopy images showed that the porous medium was totally clogged by the development of a biofilm. After 10 days, there was 25% less 2,4-D in the solution in samples with sand than in control samples. This difference was due to (1) a higher (+8%) mineralization of 2,4-D by sessile bacteria and (2) a retention (15%) of 2,4-D in the biofilm matrix. Besides, the amount of carbohydrates, presumably constituting the biofilm polysaccharides, increased by 63%. Compound-specific isotope analysis revealed that the FAME isotopic signature was less affected by the biofilm lifestyle than was the FAME composition. These results suggest that sessile bacteria differ more in their anabolism than in their catabolism compared to their planktonic counterparts. This study stresses the importance of considering interactions between microorganisms and their habitat when studying pollutant dynamics in porous media.

Published
2017

35. Is it efficient to co-compost and co-vermicompost green waste with biochar and/or clay to reduce CO2 emissions? A short-term laboratory experiment on (vermi)composts with additives

Author

Barthod, Justine, Rumpel, Cornelia, Paradelo, Remigio, Dignac, Marie-France, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Plant Biology and Soil Sciences, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES), and Universidate de Vigo

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract

Is it efficient to co-compost and co-vermicompost green waste with biochar and/or clay to reduce CO2 emissions? A short-term laboratory experiment on (vermi)composts with additives.. EGU, European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2016

Published
2016

36. The effects of worms, clay and biochar on CO2 emissions during production and soil application of co-composts

Author

Barthod, Justine, Rumpel, Cornelia, Paradelo, Remigio, Dignac, Marie-France, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES), Universidate de Vigo, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
lcsh:GE1-350, lcsh:Geology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:QE1-996.5, fungi, complex mixtures, lcsh:Environmental sciences
Abstract

In this study we evaluated CO2 emissions during composting of green wastes with clay and/or biochar in the presence and absence of worms (species of the genus Eisenia), as well as the effect of those amendments on carbon mineralization after application to soil. We added two different doses of clay, biochar or their mixture to pre-composted green wastes and monitored carbon mineralization over 21 days in the absence or presence of worms. The resulting co-composts and vermicomposts were then added to a loamy Cambisol and the CO2 emissions were monitored over 30 days in a laboratory incubation. Our results indicated that the addition of clay or clay/biochar mixture reduced carbon mineralization during co-composting without worms by up to 44 %. In the presence of worms, CO2 emissions during composting increased for all treatments except for the low clay dose. The effect of the amendments on carbon mineralization after addition to soil was small in the short term. Overall, composts increased OM mineralization, whereas vermicomposts had no effect. The presence of biochar reduced OM mineralization in soil with respect to compost and vermicompost without additives, whereas clay reduced mineralization only in the composts. Our study indicates a significant role of the conditions of composting on mineralization in soil. Therefore, the production of a low CO2 emission amendment requires optimization of feedstocks, co-composting agents and worm species.

Published
2016
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37. The effects of worms, clay and biochar on CO2 emissions during production and soil application of co-composts

Author

Rumpel, Cornelia, Paradelo, Remigio, Dignac, Marie-France, and Barthod, Justine

Subjects
fungi, complex mixtures
Abstract

In this study we evaluated CO 2 emissions during composting of green wastes with clay and/or biochar in the presence and absence of worms (species of the genus Eisenia ), as well as the effect of those amendments on carbon mineralization after application to soil. We added two different doses of clay, biochar or their mixture to pre-composted green wastes and monitored carbon mineralization over 21 days in the absence or presence of worms. The resulting co-composts and vermicomposts were then added to a loamy Cambisol and the CO 2 emissions were monitored over 30 days in a laboratory incubation. Our results indicated that the addition of clay or clay/biochar mixture reduced carbon mineralization during co-composting without worms by up to 44 %. In the presence of worms, CO 2 emissions during composting increased for all treatments except for the low clay dose. The effect of the amendments on carbon mineralization after addition to soil was small in the short term. Overall, composts increased OM mineralization, whereas vermicomposts had no effect. The presence of biochar reduced OM mineralization in soil with respect to compost and vermicompost without additives, whereas clay reduced mineralization only in the composts. Our study indicates a significant role of the conditions of composting on mineralization in soil. Therefore, the production of a low CO 2 emission amendment requires optimization of feedstocks, co-composting agents and worm species.

Published
2016

38. Change of soil organic matter quality and quantity by deep-rooting plants-a molecular approach

Author

Göcke, Martina, Derenne, Sylvie, Anquetil, christelle, Huguet, Arnaud, Dignac, Marie-France, Rumpel, Cornelia, Wiesenberg, Guido, Department of Geography, Soil Science and Biogeochemistry, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Milieux Environnementaux, Transferts et Interactions dans les hydrosystèmes et les Sols (METIS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Zurich, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], GEOF
Abstract

Change of soil organic matter quality and quantity by deep-rooting plants-a molecular approach. EGU 2015, European Geophysical Union General Assembly 2015

Published
2015

39. Repeated applications of compost and manure mainly affect the size and chemical nature of particulate organic matter in a loamy soil after 8 years

Author

Peltre, Clément, Dignac, Marie-France, Doublet, Jeremy, Plante, Alain, Houot, Sabine, Environnement et Grandes Cultures (EGC), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Earth and Environmental Science [Philadelphia], University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux (Bioemco), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Veolia Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), University of Pennsylvania, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract

Repeated applications of compost and manure mainly affect the size and chemical nature of particulate organic matter in a loamy soil after 8 years. EGU2013 European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2013

Published
2013

41. Fate of plastic residues in soils after urban compost applications: identification of pyrolysis molecular markers in the soil size fractions

Author

Dignac, Marie-France, Doublet, Jérémy, Watteau, Françoise, Péchot, Nicolas, Houot, Sabine, Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Research and Innovation, Veolia Environnement, Laboratoire Sols et Environnement (LSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), and European Geosciences Union (EGU). AUT.

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract

International audience; Plastics are made of inert organic polymers that may reside for long periods in terrestrial and aquatic environments. Despite the improvement of waste selective collection and of waste sorting before composting, plastic residues may be present in final composts. For that purpose, the agricultural use of municipal solid waste composts (MSW), made of the organic matter fraction of MSW obtained after collection of recyclable materials and the sorting of impurities, is regulated by a standard defining maximum thresholds in impurities and more specifically in glass, metals and plastic residues (NFU 44-­‐051, AFNOR, 2006). Composts are often applied on cultivated soils as organic amendments in order to recycle their large contents of stabilized organic matter (OM). However and even for standardized MSW composts, the use of composts might add to the soil some contaminants, amongs which plastic residues. In order to evidence the fate of plastics in soils, we studied soil samples collected in a long-­‐term experimental field in Feucherolles (Houot et al., 2005), where different standardized composts have been applied every 2 years since 10 years. We studied samples from a plot that received MSW since 1998 and compared them to a control plot that did not receive any compost. Particle size fractionation was applied to the soil samples and soil was separated into five size fractions: 200 μm-­‐2 mm, 50-­‐200 μm, 20-­‐50 μm, 2-­‐20 μm, 0-­‐2 μm, in which OM might have increasing residence times in soils. The 20-­‐50 μm fractions were treated with hydrofluoric acid before analysis in order to remove minerals. About 1 mg aliquot was analysed in triplicate with pyrolysis coupled to gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. We followed several aromatic pyrolysis products that might indicate the presence of plastics. The ratio of the peak areas of toluene and styrene was calculated. Both compounds are present in the pyrolysates of natural organic matter, that generally display a ratio around 4-­‐5. By contrast, in samples containing plastic, the styrene peak might have an additional polystyrene origin and the ratio largely decreases. A ratio below one indicates the presence of plastics (Fabbri et al., 1998). In the bulk soil as well as in the 2-­‐20 μm, 50-­‐200μm and 200μm-­‐2mm fractions the toluene/styrene ratio significantly decreased from the control to the amended sample, indicating the presence of plastics in the amended samples. The methyl-­‐styrene peak was found neither in the bulk control soil nor in any of its fractions. It clearly appeared in the amended soil and in its 20-­‐50μm, 50-­‐200μm and 200μm-­‐2mm fractions, confirming the presence of plastics. Two pyrolysis products specifically deriving from polystyrene, styrene dimer and trimer (Fabbri, 2001) were identified thanks to their specific ion (m/z 208) only in the 200μm-­‐2mm fraction of the amended soil. 2 Pyrolysis/GC/MS proved to be an efficient method to follow how plastic residues added to the soil through compost application might be incorporated into different size fractions of the soil. The presence of plastic residues down to the 20-­‐50μm fraction could be confirmed in a MSW compost amended soil.

Published
2011

42. Ageing processes and fresh soil addition affect the mineralisation of soil 13C-2,4-D nonextractable residues and the structure of microbial degraders

Author

Dignac, Marie-France, Lerch, Thomas, Nunan, Naoise, Barriuso, Enrique, Mariotti, André, Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux (Bioemco), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Environnement et Grandes Cultures (EGC), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)

Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences
Published
2009
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43. The isolation of soil lignins by combination of ball milling and cellulolysis: evaluation of purity and isolation efficiency with pyrolysis/GC/MS

Author

Dignac, Marie-France, Péchot, Nicolas, Thevenot, Mathieu, Bahri, Haithem, Bardoux, Gérard, Rumpel, Cornelia, Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux (Bioemco), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Microbiologie du Sol et de l'Environnement (MSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Guerrier, Liliane, Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux ( Bioemco ), École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Microbiologie du Sol et de l'Environnement ( MSE ), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB )

Subjects
[ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, [SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Published
2009

44. Is soil carbon mostly root carbon?

Author

P. Rasse, Daniel, Rumpel, Cornelia, Dignac, Marie-France, Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux (Bioemco), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.OTHER]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Other, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2005

49. Exploring the control of earthworm cast macro- and micro-scale features on soil organic carbon mineralization across species and ecological categories

Author

Guillaume Le Mer, Nicolas Bottinelli, Marie-France Dignac, Yvan Capowiez, Pascal Jouquet, Arnaud Mazurier, François Baudin, Laurent Caner, Cornelia Rumpel, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), Université de Poitiers-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-20-CE01-0015,U2WORM,Comprendre et utiliser les services écosystémiques fournis par les vers de terre(2020), and Dignac, Marie-France

Subjects
[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Cast features, Earthworm, Soil Science, C mineralization, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Microstructure, Physical protection
Abstract

The role of earthworms on biogeochemical carbon cycling is a major knowledge gap resulting from the difficulty of isolating and exploring the effects provided by the diversity of organisms. In this study, we investigated the effect of six earthworm species belonging to three ecological categories on soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralisation. To this end, we produced casts with the six species using subsoil material with low SOC content and miscanthus litter. Cast were subjected to laboratory ageing for 140 days. During this process, we monitored physicochemical parameters, CO2 emissions and determined the micro-scale organisation of the casts’ particulate organic matter and pores using X-ray tomography.Our results showed contrasting properties of fresh casts from the 3 main ecological categories, in accordance with the earthworm species’ morphological or behavioral strategies, indicating that those were maintained in artificial environments. However, species-specific changes in cast properties throughout ageing increased intragroup variability among ecological categories. As a result we observed earthworm species-specific evolution of CO2 mineralisation rates during casts ageing. We found that at least half of the variability in CO2 emissions was explained by cast microstructural changes, related to the spatial arrangement between particulate organic matter, porosity, and mineral particles. We conclude that earthworm species-specific traits may play a role in organic carbon protection through their impact on microstructural cast properties.

Published
2022
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50. Composting with additives to improve organic amendments. A review

Author

Marie-France Dignac, Cornelia Rumpel, Justine Barthod, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Dignac, Marie-France

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, Composting, Vermicomposting, Additives, Waste management, Organic amendment, Potting media, 020209 energy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 12. Responsible consumption, 11. Sustainability, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Leaching (agriculture), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Moisture, 15. Life on land, Soil quality, Soil conditioner, Potting, 13. Climate action, Greenhouse gas, Environmental science, Soil fertility, Agronomy and Crop Science, Waste disposal
Abstract

International audience; AbstractComposting and vermicomposting are sustainable strategies to transform organic wastes into organic amendments, valuable as potting media or soil conditioner. However, the negative aspects of these processes are emissions of greenhouse gases and odorous molecules and final product potentially containing toxic compounds. These negative aspects can be limited through the addition of organic, inorganic or biological additives to the composted or vermicomposted mixture. The aims of this review are (1) to present the main characteristics of composting and vermicomposting processes with and without additives, (2) to show the influence of additives on greenhouse gas emissions during waste degradation and (3) to report the effects of additives on the properties of the final products (heavy metal and nutrient contents), in view of their use as a soil conditioner or potting media. Finally, the feasibility and potential environmental benefits of co-composting and co-vermicomposting are discussed. Our results show that additives affect composting parameters such as temperature, pH and moisture and thus have an impact on the composting process. They may be used to reduce gas emissions and mobility of mineral ions. The various additives have contrasting effects on the quality of the final product and its impact on soil quality. The use of worms and additives seems to increase plant available nutrient contents, while decreasing N leaching, heavy metal mobility and composting time. Co-composting and co-vermicomposting strategies need to be locally optimised, involving the generated amendments in a circular economy to improve sustainability of agricultural systems.

Published
2018
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