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As vectors of malaria, dengue, zika, and yellow fever, mosquitoes are considered one of the more severe worldwide health hazards. Widespread surveillance of mosquitoes is essential for understanding their complex ecology and behaviour, and also for predicting and formulating effective control strategies against mosquito-borne diseases. One technique involves using bioacoustics to automatically identify different species from their wing-beat sounds during flight. In this dataset, we collect sounds of three species of mosquitoes: Aedes Aegypti, Culex Quinquefasciatus & Pipiens, and Culiseta. These species were collected and reproduced in the laboratory of the Natural History Museum of Funchal, in Portugal, by entomologists trained to recognize and classify mosquitoes. For collecting the samples, we used a microcontroller and a mobile phone. The dataset presents audio samples collected with different sampling rates, where 34 audio features characterize each sound file, making it is possible to observe how mosquito populations vary heterogeneously. This dataset provides the basis for feature extraction and classification of flapping-wing flight sounds that could be used to identify different species., Measurement(s) Sound • audio feature Technology Type(s) bioacoustic sensing • audio board • Microphone Device • sensor • mobile phone Factor Type(s) species of mosquito • sampling rate Sample Characteristic - Organism Aedes aegypti • Culex pipiens x Culex quinquefasciatus • Culiseta Sample Characteristic - Location Madeira Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13034597