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1. A synthesis of multi-taxa management experiments to guide forest biodiversity conservation in Europe

Author

Flóra Tinya, Inken Doerfler, Maarten de Groot, Jacob Heilman-Clausen, Bence Kovács, Anders Mårell, Björn Nordén, Réka Aszalós, Claus Bässler, Gediminas Brazaitis, Sabina Burrascano, Jordi Camprodon, Markéta Chudomelová, Lukáš Čížek, Ettore D'Andrea, Martin Gossner, Panu Halme, Radim Hédl, Nathalie Korboulewsky, Jari Kouki, Petr Kozel, Asko Lõhmus, Rosana López, František Máliš, Juan A. Martín, Giorgio Matteucci, Walter Mattioli, Roser Mundet, Jörg Müller, Manuel Nicolas, Anna Oldén, Míriam Piqué, Žydrūnas Preikša, Joan Rovira Ciuró, Liina Remm, Peter Schall, Pavel Šebek, Sebastian Seibold, Primož Simončič, Karol Ujházy, Mariana Ujházyová, Ondřej Vild, Lucie Vincenot, Wolfgang Weisser, and Péter Ódor

Subjects
Deadwood, Forestry treatment, Gap cutting, Microhabitat enrichment, Multi-taxon, Thinning, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Most European forests are used for timber production. Given the limited extent of unmanaged (and especially primary) forests, it is essential to include commercial forests in the conservation of forest biodiversity. In order to develop ecologically sustainable forest management practices, it is important to understand the management impacts on forest-dwelling organisms. Experiments allow testing the effects of alternative management strategies, and monitoring of multiple taxa informs us on the response range across forest-dwelling organisms. To provide a representative picture of the currently available information, metadata on 28 multi-taxa forest management experiments were collected from 14 European countries. We demonstrate the potential of compiling these experiments in a single network to upscale results from the local to continental level and indicate directions for future research. Among the different forest types, temperate deciduous beech and oak-dominated forests are the best represented in the multi-taxa management experiments. Of all the experimental treatments, innovative ways of traditional management techniques (e.g., gap cutting and thinning) and conservation-oriented interventions (e.g., microhabitat enrichment) provide the best opportunity for large-scale analyses. Regarding the organism groups, woody regeneration, herbs, fungi, beetles, bryophytes, birds and lichens offer the largest potential for addressing management–biodiversity relationships at the European level. We identified knowledge gaps regarding boreal, hemiboreal and broadleaved evergreen forests, the treatments of large herbivore exclusion, prescribed burning and forest floor or water manipulations, and the monitoring of soil-dwelling organisms and some vertebrate classes, e.g., amphibians, reptiles and mammals. To improve multi-site comparisons, design of future experiments should be fitted to the set-up of the ongoing projects and standardised biodiversity sampling is suggested. However, the network described here opens the way to learn lessons on the impact on forest biodiversity of different management techniques at the continental level, and thus, supports biodiversity conservation in managed forests.

Published
2023
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2. Words apart: Standardizing forestry terms and definitions across European biodiversity studies

Author

Giovanni Trentanovi, Thomas Campagnaro, Tommaso Sitzia, Francesco Chianucci, Giorgio Vacchiano, Christian Ammer, Michał Ciach, Thomas A. Nagel, Miren del Río, Yoan Paillet, Silvana Munzi, Kris Vandekerkhove, Andrés Bravo-Oviedo, Andrea Cutini, Ettore D'Andrea, Pallieter De Smedt, Inken Doerfler, Dimitris Fotakis, Jacob Heilmann-Clausen, Jeňýk Hofmeister, Jan Hošek, Philippe Janssen, Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas, Nathalie Korboulewsky, Bence Kovács, Daniel Kozák, Thibault Lachat, Anders Mårell, Radim Matula, Martin Mikoláš, Björn Nordén, Péter Ódor, Marko Perović, Elisabeth Pötzelsberger, Peter Schall, Miroslav Svoboda, Flóra Tinya, Mariana Ujházyová, and Sabina Burrascano

Subjects
Forest management, Multi-taxon, Terminology, Silviculture, Data harmonization, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Forest biodiversity studies conducted across Europe use a multitude of forestry terms, often inconsistently. This hinders the comparability across studies and makes the assessment of the impacts of forest management on biodiversity highly context-dependent. Recent attempts to standardize forestry and stand description terminology mostly used a top-down approach that did not account for the perspectives and approaches of forest biodiversity experts. This work aims to establish common standards for silvicultural and vegetation definitions, creating a shared conceptual framework for a consistent study on the effects of forest management on biodiversity. We have identified both strengths and weaknesses of the silvicultural and vegetation information provided in forest biodiversity studies. While quantitative data on forest biomass and dominant tree species are frequently included, information on silvicultural activities and vegetation composition is often lacking, shallow, or based on broad and heterogeneous classifications. We discuss the existing classifications and their use in European forest biodiversity studies through a novel bottom-up and top-driven review process, and ultimately propose a common framework. This will enhance the comparability of forest biodiversity studies in Europe, and puts the basis for effective implementation and monitoring of sustainable forest management policies. The standards here proposed are potentially adaptable and applicable to other geographical areas and could be extended to other forest interventions.

Published
2023
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3. Handbook of field sampling for multi-taxon biodiversity studies in European forests

Author

Sabina Burrascano, Giovanni Trentanovi, Yoan Paillet, Jacob Heilmann-Clausen, Paolo Giordani, Simonetta Bagella, Andrés Bravo-Oviedo, Thomas Campagnaro, Alessandro Campanaro, Francesco Chianucci, Pallieter De Smedt, Itziar García-Mijangos, Dinka Matošević, Tommaso Sitzia, Réka Aszalós, Gediminas Brazaitis, Andrea Cutini, Ettore D'Andrea, Inken Doerfler, Jeňýk Hofmeister, Jan Hošek, Philippe Janssen, Sebastian Kepfer Rojas, Nathalie Korboulewsky, Daniel Kozák, Thibault Lachat, Asko Lõhmus, Rosana Lopez, Anders Mårell, Radim Matula, Martin Mikoláš, Silvana Munzi, Björn Nordén, Meelis Pärtel, Johannes Penner, Kadri Runnel, Peter Schall, Miroslav Svoboda, Flóra Tinya, Mariana Ujházyová, Kris Vandekerkhove, Kris Verheyen, Fotios Xystrakis, and Péter Ódor

Subjects
Biodiversity, Field methods, Multi-taxon, Indicators, Sampling protocol, Forest stand structure, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Forests host most terrestrial biodiversity and their sustainable management is crucial to halt biodiversity loss. Although scientific evidence indicates that sustainable forest management (SFM) should be assessed by monitoring multi-taxon biodiversity, most current SFM criteria and indicators account only for trees or consider indirect biodiversity proxies. Several projects performed multi-taxon sampling to investigate the effects of forest management on biodiversity, but the large variability of their sampling approaches hampers the identification of general trends, and limits broad-scale inference for designing SFM. Here we address the need of common sampling protocols for forest structure and multi-taxon biodiversity to be used at broad spatial scales. We established a network of researchers involved in 41 projects on forest multi-taxon biodiversity across 13 European countries. The network data structure comprised the assessment of at least three taxa, and the measurement of forest stand structure in the same plots or stands. We mapped the sampling approaches to multi-taxon biodiversity, standing trees and deadwood, and used this overview to provide operational answers to two simple, yet crucial, questions: what to sample? How to sample? The most commonly sampled taxonomic groups are vascular plants (83% of datasets), beetles (80%), lichens (66%), birds (66%), fungi (61%), bryophytes (49%). They cover different forest structures and habitats, with a limited focus on soil, litter and forest canopy. Notwithstanding the common goal of assessing forest management effects on biodiversity, sampling approaches differed widely within and among taxonomic groups. Differences derive from sampling units (plots size, use of stand vs. plot scale), and from the focus on different substrates or functional groups of organisms. Sampling methods for standing trees and lying deadwood were relatively homogeneous and focused on volume calculations, but with a great variability in sampling units and diameter thresholds. We developed a handbook of sampling methods (SI 3) aimed at the greatest possible comparability across taxonomic groups and studies as a basis for European-wide biodiversity monitoring programs, robust understanding of biodiversity response to forest structure and management, and the identification of direct indicators of SFM.

Published
2021
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4. Author Correction: The FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance data

Author

Gilberto Pastorello, Carlo Trotta, Eleonora Canfora, Housen Chu, Danielle Christianson, You-Wei Cheah, Cristina Poindexter, Jiquan Chen, Abdelrahman Elbashandy, Marty Humphrey, Peter Isaac, Diego Polidori, Markus Reichstein, Alessio Ribeca, Catharine van Ingen, Nicolas Vuichard, Leiming Zhang, Brian Amiro, Christof Ammann, M. Altaf Arain, Jonas Ardö, Timothy Arkebauer, Stefan K. Arndt, Nicola Arriga, Marc Aubinet, Mika Aurela, Dennis Baldocchi, Alan Barr, Eric Beamesderfer, Luca Belelli Marchesini, Onil Bergeron, Jason Beringer, Christian Bernhofer, Daniel Berveiller, Dave Billesbach, Thomas Andrew Black, Peter D. Blanken, Gil Bohrer, Julia Boike, Paul V. Bolstad, Damien Bonal, Jean-Marc Bonnefond, David R. Bowling, Rosvel Bracho, Jason Brodeur, Christian Brümmer, Nina Buchmann, Benoit Burban, Sean P. Burns, Pauline Buysse, Peter Cale, Mauro Cavagna, Pierre Cellier, Shiping Chen, Isaac Chini, Torben R. Christensen, James Cleverly, Alessio Collalti, Claudia Consalvo, Bruce D. Cook, David Cook, Carole Coursolle, Edoardo Cremonese, Peter S. Curtis, Ettore D’Andrea, Humberto da Rocha, Xiaoqin Dai, Kenneth J. Davis, Bruno De Cinti, Agnes de Grandcourt, Anne De Ligne, Raimundo C. De Oliveira, Nicolas Delpierre, Ankur R. Desai, Carlos Marcelo Di Bella, Paul di Tommasi, Han Dolman, Francisco Domingo, Gang Dong, Sabina Dore, Pierpaolo Duce, Eric Dufrêne, Allison Dunn, Jiří Dušek, Derek Eamus, Uwe Eichelmann, Hatim Abdalla M. ElKhidir, Werner Eugster, Cacilia M. Ewenz, Brent Ewers, Daniela Famulari, Silvano Fares, Iris Feigenwinter, Andrew Feitz, Rasmus Fensholt, Gianluca Filippa, Marc Fischer, John Frank, Marta Galvagno, Mana Gharun, Damiano Gianelle, Bert Gielen, Beniamino Gioli, Anatoly Gitelson, Ignacio Goded, Mathias Goeckede, Allen H. Goldstein, Christopher M. Gough, Michael L. Goulden, Alexander Graf, Anne Griebel, Carsten Gruening, Thomas Grünwald, Albin Hammerle, Shijie Han, Xingguo Han, Birger Ulf Hansen, Chad Hanson, Juha Hatakka, Yongtao He, Markus Hehn, Bernard Heinesch, Nina Hinko-Najera, Lukas Hörtnagl, Lindsay Hutley, Andreas Ibrom, Hiroki Ikawa, Marcin Jackowicz-Korczynski, Dalibor Janouš, Wilma Jans, Rachhpal Jassal, Shicheng Jiang, Tomomichi Kato, Myroslava Khomik, Janina Klatt, Alexander Knohl, Sara Knox, Hideki Kobayashi, Georgia Koerber, Olaf Kolle, Yoshiko Kosugi, Ayumi Kotani, Andrew Kowalski, Bart Kruijt, Julia Kurbatova, Werner L. Kutsch, Hyojung Kwon, Samuli Launiainen, Tuomas Laurila, Bev Law, Ray Leuning, Yingnian Li, Michael Liddell, Jean-Marc Limousin, Marryanna Lion, Adam J. Liska, Annalea Lohila, Ana López-Ballesteros, Efrén López-Blanco, Benjamin Loubet, Denis Loustau, Antje Lucas-Moffat, Johannes Lüers, Siyan Ma, Craig Macfarlane, Vincenzo Magliulo, Regine Maier, Ivan Mammarella, Giovanni Manca, Barbara Marcolla, Hank A. Margolis, Serena Marras, William Massman, Mikhail Mastepanov, Roser Matamala, Jaclyn Hatala Matthes, Francesco Mazzenga, Harry McCaughey, Ian McHugh, Andrew M. S. McMillan, Lutz Merbold, Wayne Meyer, Tilden Meyers, Scott D. Miller, Stefano Minerbi, Uta Moderow, Russell K. Monson, Leonardo Montagnani, Caitlin E. Moore, Eddy Moors, Virginie Moreaux, Christine Moureaux, J. William Munger, Taro Nakai, Johan Neirynck, Zoran Nesic, Giacomo Nicolini, Asko Noormets, Matthew Northwood, Marcelo Nosetto, Yann Nouvellon, Kimberly Novick, Walter Oechel, Jørgen Eivind Olesen, Jean-Marc Ourcival, Shirley A. Papuga, Frans-Jan Parmentier, Eugenie Paul-Limoges, Marian Pavelka, Matthias Peichl, Elise Pendall, Richard P. Phillips, Kim Pilegaard, Norbert Pirk, Gabriela Posse, Thomas Powell, Heiko Prasse, Suzanne M. Prober, Serge Rambal, Üllar Rannik, Naama Raz-Yaseef, Corinna Rebmann, David Reed, Victor Resco de Dios, Natalia Restrepo-Coupe, Borja R. Reverter, Marilyn Roland, Simone Sabbatini, Torsten Sachs, Scott R. Saleska, Enrique P. Sánchez-Cañete, Zulia M. Sanchez-Mejia, Hans Peter Schmid, Marius Schmidt, Karl Schneider, Frederik Schrader, Ivan Schroder, Russell L. Scott, Pavel Sedlák, Penélope Serrano-Ortíz, Changliang Shao, Peili Shi, Ivan Shironya, Lukas Siebicke, Ladislav Šigut, Richard Silberstein, Costantino Sirca, Donatella Spano, Rainer Steinbrecher, Robert M. Stevens, Cove Sturtevant, Andy Suyker, Torbern Tagesson, Satoru Takanashi, Yanhong Tang, Nigel Tapper, Jonathan Thom, Michele Tomassucci, Juha-Pekka Tuovinen, Shawn Urbanski, Riccardo Valentini, Michiel van der Molen, Eva van Gorsel, Ko van Huissteden, Andrej Varlagin, Joseph Verfaillie, Timo Vesala, Caroline Vincke, Domenico Vitale, Natalia Vygodskaya, Jeffrey P. Walker, Elizabeth Walter-Shea, Huimin Wang, Robin Weber, Sebastian Westermann, Christian Wille, Steven Wofsy, Georg Wohlfahrt, Sebastian Wolf, William Woodgate, Yuelin Li, Roberto Zampedri, Junhui Zhang, Guoyi Zhou, Donatella Zona, Deb Agarwal, Sebastien Biraud, Margaret Torn, and Dario Papale

Subjects
Science
Abstract

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-021-00851-9.

Published
2021
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5. Indicators of sustainable forest management: application and assessment

Author

Ettore D'Andrea, Fabrizio Ferretti, Livia Zapponi, Davide Badano, Rosario Balestrieri, Marco Basile, Claudia Becagli, Giada Bertini, Pierangelo Bertollotto, Daniele Birtele, Luca Calienno, Mario Cammarano, Paolo Cantiani, Matiaž Čater, Ugo Chiavetta, Luca Cistrone, Vittoria Coletta, Massimo Conforti, Serena Corezzola, Marco Costa, Maarten de Groot, Umberto Di Salvatore, Klemen Eler, Gianfranco Fabbio, Mitja Ferlan, Andreja Ferreira, Alessandro Giovannozzi Sermanno, Maja Jurc, Milan Kobal, Andrej Kobler, Marko Kovač, Lado Kutnar, Angela Lo Monaco, Fabio Lombardi, Ermenegildo Magnani, Aleksander Marinšek, Franco Mason, Giorgio Matteucci, Gregor Meterc, Marco Micali, Gaetano Pellicone, Rodolfo Picchio, Špela Planinšek, Mario Posillico, Negar Rezaei, Antonio Romano, Dalila Sansone, Flavia Sicuriello, Primož Simončič, Mitja Skudnik, Raffaello Spina, Daniela Tonti, and Rachele Venanzi

Subjects
Agriculture
Abstract

Report of the international project Life ManForCBD.

Published
2016
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6. Small-Scale Forest Structure Influences Spatial Variability of Belowground Carbon Fluxes in a Mature Mediterranean Beech Forest

Author

Ettore D’Andrea, Gabriele Guidolotti, Andrea Scartazza, Paolo De Angelis, and Giorgio Matteucci

Subjects
fagus sylvatica l., net primary production, fine roots, drought, soil co2 efflux, Plant ecology, QK900-989
Abstract

The tree belowground compartment, especially fine roots, plays a relevant role in the forest ecosystem carbon (C) cycle, contributing largely to soil CO2 efflux (SR) and to net primary production (NPP). Beyond the well-known role of environmental drivers on fine root production (FRP) and SR, other determinants such as forest structure are still poorly understood. We investigated spatial variability of FRP, SR, forest structural traits, and their reciprocal interactions in a mature beech forest in the Mediterranean mountains. In the year of study, FRP resulted in the main component of NPP and explained about 70% of spatial variability of SR. Moreover, FRP was strictly driven by leaf area index (LAI) and soil water content (SWC). These results suggest a framework of close interactions between structural and functional forest features at the local scale to optimize C source−sink relationships under climate variability in a Mediterranean mature beech forest.

Published
2020
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7. Which climate change path are we following? Bad news from Scots pine.

Author

Pierluigi Bombi, Ettore D'Andrea, Negar Rezaie, Mario Cammarano, and Giorgio Matteucci

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Current expectations on future climate derive from coordinated experiments, which compile many climate models for sampling the entire uncertainty related to emission scenarios, initial conditions, and modelling process. Quantifying this uncertainty is important for taking decisions that are robust under a wide range of possible future conditions. Nevertheless, if uncertainty is too large, it can prevent from planning specific and effective measures. For this reason, reducing the spectrum of the possible scenarios to a small number of one or a few models that actually represent the climate pathway influencing natural ecosystems would substantially increase our planning capacity. Here we adopt a multidisciplinary approach based on the comparison of observed and expected spatial patterns of response to climate change in order to identify which specific models, among those included in the CMIP5, catch the real climate variation driving the response of natural ecosystems. We used dendrochronological analyses for determining the geographic pattern of recent growth trends for three European species of trees. At the same time, we modelled the climatic niche for the same species and forecasted the suitability variation expected across Europe under each different GCM. Finally, we estimated how well each GCM explains the real response of ecosystems, by comparing the expected variation with the observed growth trends. Doing this, we identified four climatic models that are coherent with the observed trends. These models are close to the highest range limit of the climatic variations expected by the ensemble of the CMIP5 models, suggesting that current predictions of climate change impacts on ecosystems could be underestimated.

Published
2017
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8. Accuracy, realism and general applicability of European forest models

Author

Mats Mahnken, Maxime Cailleret, Alessio Collalti, Carlo Trotta, Corrado Biondo, Ettore D'Andrea, Daniela Dalmonech, Gina Marano, Annikki Mäkelä, Francesco Minunno, Mikko Peltoniemi, Volodymyr Trotsiuk, Daniel Nadal‐Sala, Santiago Sabaté, Patrick Vallet, Raphaël Aussenac, David R. Cameron, Friedrich J. Bohn, Rüdiger Grote, Andrey L. D. Augustynczik, Rasoul Yousefpour, Nica Huber, Harald Bugmann, Katarina Merganičová, Jan Merganic, Peter Valent, Petra Lasch‐Born, Florian Hartig, Iliusi D. Vega del Valle, Jan Volkholz, Martin Gutsch, Giorgio Matteucci, Jan Krejza, Andreas Ibrom, Henning Meesenburg, Thomas Rötzer, Marieke van der Maaten‐Theunissen, Ernst van der Maaten, Christopher P. O. Reyer, Risques, Ecosystèmes, Vulnérabilité, Environnement, Résilience (RECOVER), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire des EcoSystèmes et des Sociétés en Montagne (UR LESSEM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Forest Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), Annikki Mäkelä-Carter / Principal Investigator, Forest Modelling Group, Forest Ecology and Management, Ecosystem processes (INAR Forest Sciences), and Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)

Subjects
model evaluation, Climate Change, Carbon Cycle, model ensemble, USE EFFICIENCY, SDG 13 - Climate Action, ddc:550, PROGRAM MULTISCALE SYNTHESIS, Environmental Chemistry, terrestrial carbon dynamics, General Environmental Science, 4112 Forestry, gap model, Global and Planetary Change, CLIMATE-CHANGE, NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE, Ecology, INTERCOMPARISON PROJECT, Temperature, Water, PINUS-SYLVESTRIS, process-based modeling, CARBON BALANCE MODEL, eddy-covariance, Carbon, Earth sciences, 1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, CO2 ENRICHMENT, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, EDDY COVARIANCE DATA, PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY
Abstract

Forest models are instrumental for understanding and projecting the impact of climate change on forests. A considerable number of forest models have been developed in the last decades. However, few systematic and comprehensive model comparisons have been performed in Europe that combine an evaluation of modelled carbon and water fluxes and forest structure. We evaluate 13 widely used, state-of-the-art, stand-scale forest models against field measurements of forest structure and eddy-covariance data of carbon and water fluxes over multiple decades across an environmental gradient at nine typical European forest stands. We test the models' performance in three dimensions: accuracy of local predictions (agreement of modelled and observed annual data), realism of environmental responses (agreement of modelled and observed responses of daily gross primary productivity to temperature, radiation and vapour pressure deficit) and general applicability (proportion of European tree species covered). We find that multiple models are available that excel according to our three dimensions of model performance. For the accuracy of local predictions, variables related to forest structure have lower random and systematic errors than annual carbon and water flux variables. Moreover, the multi-model ensemble mean provided overall more realistic daily productivity responses to environmental drivers across all sites than any single individual model. The general applicability of the models is high, as almost all models are currently able to cover Europe's common tree species. We show that forest models complement each other in their response to environmental drivers and that there are several cases in which individual models outperform the model ensemble. Our framework provides a first step to capturing essential differences between forest models that go beyond the most commonly used accuracy of predictions. Overall, this study provides a point of reference for future model work aimed at predicting climate impacts and supporting climate mitigation and adaptation measures in forests., Global Change Biology, 28 (23), ISSN:1354-1013, ISSN:1365-2486

Published
2022

9. Upside down and the game of C allocation

Author

Negar Rezaie, Ettore D’Andrea, Andrea Scartazza, Jožica Gričar, Peter Prislan, Carlo Calfapietra, Alberto Battistelli, Stefano Moscatello, Simona Proietti, and Giorgio Matteucci

Subjects
Physiology, Plant Science
Abstract

Non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) represent the primary carbon (C) reserves and play a crucial role in plant functioning and resilience. Indeed, these compounds are involved in the regulation between C supply and demand, and in the maintenance of hydraulic efficiency. Non-structural carbohydrates are stored in parenchyma of woody organs, which is recognized as a proxy for reserve storage capacity of tree. Notwithstanding the importance of NSCs for tree physiology, their long-term regulation and trade-offs against growth were not deeply investigated. This work evaluated the long-term dynamics of mature tree reserves in stem and root, proxied by parenchyma features and focusing on the trade-off and interplay between the resources allocation in radial growth and reserves in stem and coarse root. In a Mediterranean beech forest, NSCs content, stem and root wood anatomy analysis and eddy covariance data were combined. The parenchyma fraction (RAP) of beech root and stem was different, due to differences in axial parenchyma (AP) and narrow ray parenchyma (nRP) fractions. However, these parenchyma components and radial growth showed synchronous inter-annual dynamics between the two organs. In beech stem, positive correlations were found among soluble sugars content and nRP and among starch content and the AP. Positive correlations were found among Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) and AP of both organs. In contrast, NEE was negatively correlated to radial growth of root and stem. Our results suggest a different contribution of stem and roots to reserves storage and a putative partitioning in the functional roles of parenchyma components. Moreover, a long-term trade-off of C allocation between growth and reserve pool was evidenced. Indeed, in case of C source reduction, trees preferentially allocate C toward reserves pool. Conversely, in high productivity years, growth represents the major C sink.

Published
2023

10. Handbook of field sampling for multi-taxon biodiversity studies in European forests

Author

Thibault Lachat, Mariana Ujházyová, Kadri Runnel, Péter Ódor, Nathalie Korboulewsky, Inken Doerfler, Thomas Campagnaro, Miroslav Svoboda, Ettore D'Andrea, Francesco Chianucci, Fotios Xystrakis, Peter Schall, Itziar García-Mijangos, Pallieter De Smedt, Kris Vandekerkhove, Radim Matula, Rosana López, Alessandro Campanaro, Silvana Munzi, Johannes Penner, Anders Mårell, Flóra Tinya, Philippe Janssen, Réka Aszalós, Sabina Burrascano, Dinka Matošević, Jeňýk Hofmeister, Tommaso Sitzia, Martin Mikoláš, Giovanni Trentanovi, Yoan Paillet, Andrea Cutini, Simonetta Bagella, Meelis Pärtel, Asko Lõhmus, Björn Nordén, Gediminas Brazaitis, Jacob Heilmann-Clausen, Jan Hošek, Paolo Giordani, Kris Verheyen, Andrés Bravo-Oviedo, Sebastian Kepfer Rojas, Daniel Kozák, and European Commission

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, PROTOCOLS, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, MICROHABITATS, Evolution, Zoology and botany: 480 [VDP], Forest management, Sustainable forest management, biodiversity, field methods, multi-taxon, indicators, sampling protocol, forest stand structure, Biodiversity, DIVERSITY, General Decision Sciences, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, biodiversity, field methods, multi-taxon Indicators, sampling protocol, forest stand structure, Behavior and Systematics, ECOSYSTEMS, Indicators, Taxonomic rank, Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 [VDP], Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, METAANALYSIS, QH540-549.5, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Tree canopy, Sampling protocol, Forest stand structure, Ecology, Agroforestry, SPECIES RICHNESS, TEMPERATE, Sampling (statistics), 15. Life on land, Field methods, Multi-taxon, STANDARDIZED MEASUREMENT, Geography, Habitat, 13. Climate action, Sustainable management, Earth and Environmental Sciences, TRAITS, BRYOPHYTES
Abstract

Forests host most terrestrial biodiversity and their sustainable management is crucial to halt biodiversity loss. Although scientific evidence indicates that sustainable forest management (SFM) should be assessed by monitoring multi-taxon biodiversity, most current SFM criteria and indicators account only for trees or consider indirect biodiversity proxies. Several projects performed multi-taxon sampling to investigate the effects of forest management on biodiversity, but the large variability of their sampling approaches hampers the identification of general trends, and limits broad-scale inference for designing SFM. Here we address the need of common sampling protocols for forest structure and multi-taxon biodiversity to be used at broad spatial scales. We established a network of researchers involved in 41 projects on forest multi-taxon biodiversity across 13 European countries. The network data structure comprised the assessment of at least three taxa, and the measurement of forest stand structure in the same plots or stands. We mapped the sampling approaches to multi-taxon biodiversity, standing trees and deadwood, and used this overview to provide operational answers to two simple, yet crucial, questions: what to sample? How to sample? The most commonly sampled taxonomic groups are vascular plants (83% of datasets), beetles (80%), lichens (66%), birds (66%), fungi (61%), bryophytes (49%). They cover different forest structures and habitats, with a limited focus on soil, litter and forest canopy. Notwithstanding the common goal of assessing forest management effects on biodiversity, sampling approaches differed widely within and among taxonomic groups. Differences derive from sampling units (plots size, use of stand vs. plot scale), and from the focus on different substrates or functional groups of organisms. Sampling methods for standing trees and lying deadwood were relatively homogeneous and focused on volume calculations, but with a great variability in sampling units and diameter thresholds. We developed a handbook of sampling methods (SI 3) aimed at the greatest possible comparability across taxonomic groups and studies as a basis for European-wide biodiversity monitoring programs, robust understanding of biodiversity response to forest structure and management, and the identification of direct indicators of SFM., This review was funded by the EU Framework Programme Horizon 2020 through the COST Association: COST Action CA18207: BOTTOMSUP- Biodiversity Of Temperate forest Taxa Orienting Management Sustainability by Unifying Perspectives.

Published
2021

11. Unravelling resilience mechanisms in forests: role of non-structural carbohydrates in responding to extreme weather events

Author

Alessio Collalti, Ettore D'Andrea, Negar Rezaie, Andrea Scartazza, Alberto Battistelli, Simona Proietti, Giorgio Matteucci, and Stefano Moscatello

Subjects
Mediterranean climate, 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Physiology, Climate Change, media_common.quotation_subject, Carbohydrates, Climate change, Fagus sylvatica L, Plant Science, Forests, Mediterranean, 01 natural sciences, Adaptability, Trees, Extreme weather, Fagus, Extreme Weather, Ecosystem, Beech, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, biology, Drought, Resilience, Ecology, Phenology, Carbon reserves, Global warming, fungi, food and beverages, Lte frost, Carbon allocation, biology.organism_classification, Droughts, Frost, Seasons, Psychological resilience, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Extreme weather events are increasing in frequency and intensity due to global climate change. We hypothesized that tree carbon reserves are crucial for resilience of beech, buffering the source–sink imbalance due to late frosts and summer droughts, and that different components of non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) play specific roles in coping with stressful situations. To assess the compound effects on mature trees of two extreme weather events, first a late frost in spring 2016 and then a drought in summer 2017, we monitored the phenology, radial growth and the dynamics of starch and soluble sugars in a Mediterranean beech forest. A growth reduction of 85% was observed after the spring late frost, yet not after the drought event. We observed a strong impact of late frost on starch, which also affected its dynamic at the beginning of the subsequent vegetative season. In 2017, the increase of soluble sugars, associated with starch hydrolysis, played a crucial role in coping with the severe summer drought. Non-structural carbohydrates helped to counteract the negative effects of both events, supporting plant survival and buffering source–sink imbalances under stressful conditions. Our findings indicate a strong trade-off between growth and NSC storage in trees. Overall, our results highlight the key role of NSCs on beech trees, response to extreme weather events, confirming the resilience of this species to highly stressful events. These insights are useful for assessing how forests may respond to the potential impacts of climate change on ecosystem processes in the Mediterranean area.

Published
2021
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12. Simulating tree growth response to climate change in structurally diverse oak and beech forests

Author

Elena Vanguelova, Alessio Collalti, Piet Termonia, Frédéric André, Hugues Goosse, Stefan Leca, Lars Vesterdal, Andrzej Boczoń, Nathalie Cools, Morten A. Knudsen, Bert Van Schaeybroeck, Mathieu Jonard, Sébastien Cecchini, Louis de Wergifosse, Albert Ciceu, Tanja G. M. Sanders, Andreas Schmitz, Rafiq Hamdi, Giorgio Matteucci, Anna Kowalska, Thomas Nord-Larsen, Ettore D'Andrea, Arne Verstraeten, Morten Ingerslev, Bruno De Vos, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, and UCL - SST/ELI/ELIC - Earth & Climate

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Environmental Engineering, Site effect, CO2 FERTILIZATION, DIAMETER GROWTH, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Range (biology), Climate Change, HETEROFOR 1.0, Climate change, Productivity projections, Forests, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, CHANGE PROJECTIONS, Trees, Quercus, VEGETATION SIMULATOR, Climate change scenario, Fagus, Environmental Chemistry, Waste Management and Disposal, Beech, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, CARBON FLUXES, HETEROFOR, COMPLEX FORESTS, biology, Biology and Life Sciences, Primary production, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, Oceanic zone, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, UNCERTAIN FUTURE CONDITIONS, Physics and Astronomy, SPATIALLY EXPLICIT MODEL, Productivity (ecology), Process-based modelling, 13. Climate action, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Environmental science, EURO-CORDEX, Temperate broadleaved forest, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

This study aimed to simulate oak and beech forest growth under various scenarios of climate change and to evaluate how the forest response depends on site properties and particularly on stand characteristics using the individual process-based model HETEROFOR. First, this model was evaluated on a wide range of site conditions. We used data from 36 long-term forest monitoring plots to initialize, calibrate, and evaluate HETEROFOR. This evaluation showed that HETEROFOR predicts individual tree radial growth and height increment reasonably well under different growing conditions when evaluated on independent sites. In our simulations under constant CO2 concentration ([CO2]cst) for the 2071-2100 period, climate change induced a moderate net primary production (NPP) gain in continental and mountainous zones and no change in the oceanic zone. The NPP changes were negatively affected by air temperature during the vegetation period and by the annual rainfall decrease. To a lower extent, they were influenced by soil extractable water reserve and stand characteristics. These NPP changes were positively affected by longer vegetation periods and negatively by drought for beech and larger autotrophic respiration costs for oak. For both species, the NPP gain was much larger with rising CO2 concentration ([CO2]var) mainly due to the CO2 fertilisation effect. Even if the species composition and structure had a limited influence on the forest response to climate change, they explained a large part of the NPP variability (44% and 34% for [CO2]cst and [CO2]var, respectively) compared to the climate change scenario (5% and 29%) and the inter-annual climate variability (20% and 16%). This gives the forester the possibility to act on the productivity of broadleaved forests and prepare them for possible adverse effects of climate change by reinforcing their resilience.

Published
2022

13. Small-Scale Forest Structure Influences Spatial Variability of Belowground Carbon Fluxes in A Mature Mediterranean Beech Forest

Author

Andrea Scartazza, Paolo De Angelis, Gabriele Guidolotti, Ettore D'Andrea, and Giorgio Matteucci

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, fine roots, drought, soil CO2 efflux, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Forest ecology, Leaf area index, Beech, biology, Ecology, Primary production, net primary production, Forestry, lcsh:QK900-989, biology.organism_classification, Fagus sylvatica L, Soil water, lcsh:Plant ecology, Environmental science, Spatial variability, Scale (map), 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

The tree belowground compartment, especially fine roots, plays a relevant role in the forest ecosystem carbon (C) cycle, contributing largely to soil CO2 efflux (SR) and to net primary production (NPP). Beyond the well-known role of environmental drivers on fine root production (FRP) and SR, other determinants such as forest structure are still poorly understood. We investigated spatial variability of FRP, SR, forest structural traits, and their reciprocal interactions in a mature beech forest in the Mediterranean mountains. In the year of study, FRP resulted in the main component of NPP and explained about 70% of spatial variability of SR. Moreover, FRP was strictly driven by leaf area index (LAI) and soil water content (SWC). These results suggest a framework of close interactions between structural and functional forest features at the local scale to optimize C source&ndash, sink relationships under climate variability in a Mediterranean mature beech forest.

Published
2020
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14. The FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance data

Author

Eddy Moors, Uwe Eichelmann, Christian Brümmer, Stefano Minerbi, Barbara Marcolla, Gil Bohrer, Leonardo Montagnani, Üllar Rannik, Han Dolman, Janina Klatt, Samuli Launiainen, Elizabeth A. Walter-Shea, Nina Buchmann, Hank A. Margolis, Beniamino Gioli, Peter S. Curtis, Margaret S. Torn, Gabriela Posse, Luca Belelli Marchesini, Gianluca Filippa, Kenneth J. Davis, Leiming Zhang, Alexander Graf, Ray Leuning, Andrew Feitz, Simone Sabbatini, Harry McCaughey, Werner Eugster, Juha Pekka Tuovinen, Timothy J. Arkebauer, N. N. Vygodskaya, Adam J. Liska, Rosvel Bracho, Sebastian Wolf, Marc Aubinet, Jiří Dušek, Eugénie Paul-Limoges, Christof Ammann, Daniel Berveiller, Zoran Nesic, Giacomo Nicolini, Jaclyn Hatala Matthes, Russell L. Scott, David E. Reed, Frans-Jan W. Parmentier, Changliang Shao, Penélope Serrano-Ortiz, Yingnian Li, Jason Beringer, Marc Fischer, Deb Agarwal, Rasmus Fensholt, Russell K. Monson, Agnès de Grandcourt, Stefan K. Arndt, Timo Vesala, Uta Moderow, Joseph Verfaillie, Mika Aurela, Bev Law, Nina Hinko-Najera, Taro Nakai, Richard P. Phillips, Lindsay B. Hutley, Benjamin Loubet, Michele Tomassucci, Ayumi Kotani, Hans Peter Schmid, Raimundo Cosme de Oliveira, Anatoly A. Gitelson, Domenico Vitale, Regine Maier, Caitlin E. Moore, Xiaoqin Dai, Damien Bonal, John M. Frank, Yuelin Li, Christopher M. Gough, Shijie Han, Shirley A. Papuga, Edoardo Cremonese, Shawn Urbanski, Sébastien C. Biraud, Scott D. Miller, Mana Gharun, Annalea Lohila, Ian McHugh, Giovanni Manca, Bert Gielen, Wayne S. Meyer, Pierpaolo Duce, Bruce D. Cook, Carsten Gruening, Hiroki Ikawa, B.R. Reverter, Marian Pavelka, Andrew M. S. McMillan, Gang Dong, Isaac Chini, Kimberly A. Novick, Dalibor Janouš, Anne De Ligne, E. Beamesderfer, Marty Humphrey, Virginie Moreaux, Christian Wille, Markus Hehn, Hideki Kobayashi, Allen H. Goldstein, Walter C. Oechel, Richard Silberstein, Francisco Domingo, Francesco Mazzenga, Elise Pendall, Juha Hatakka, Lutz Merbold, Xingguo Han, Daniela Famulari, Carlo Trotta, Naama Raz-Yaseef, Dario Papale, Jean Marc Ourcival, Benoit Burban, Pavel Sedlák, Diego Polidori, Asko Noormets, Huimin Wang, Birger Ulf Hansen, Thomas Grünwald, Caroline Vincke, Robert M. Stevens, Carole Coursolle, D. P. Billesbach, Karl Schneider, Guoyi Zhou, Marcin Jackowicz-Korczynski, Paul V. Bolstad, Iris Feigenwinter, Shiping Chen, Julia Boike, Ivan Schroder, D. S. Christianson, Junhui Zhang, Pierre Cellier, Catharine van Ingen, Andrej Varlagin, A. Ribeca, Claudia Consalvo, Derek Eamus, Jason Brodeur, Alan G. Barr, Denis Loustau, Andreas Ibrom, Ankur R. Desai, Andrew E. Suyker, Efrén López-Blanco, Peter Cale, Nicola Arriga, William J. Massman, Abdelrahman Elbashandy, Yoshiko Kosugi, Pauline Buysse, Cove Sturtevant, T. A. Black, Housen Chu, David R. Bowling, Sabina Dore, Albin Hammerle, Tilden P. Meyers, M. Altaf Arain, Hatim Abdalla M. ElKhidir, Ignacio Goded, Roberto Zampedri, Alessio Collalti, Torsten Sachs, Tuomas Laurila, Cristina Poindexter, E. Canfora, Alexander Knohl, Donatella Spano, Silvano Fares, Scott R. Saleska, Michiel K. van der Molen, Suzanne M. Prober, Marryanna Lion, Steven C. Wofsy, Michael L. Goulden, Matthew Northwood, Antje Lucas-Moffat, Christine Moureaux, Jean-Marc Limousin, Sara H. Knox, Damiano Gianelle, Olaf Kolle, Jørgen E. Olesen, Mikhail Mastepanov, Bernard Heinesch, Christian Bernhofer, Peter D. Blanken, Hyojung Kwon, Georg Wohlfahrt, Peili Shi, Yann Nouvellon, Allison L. Dunn, Onil Bergeron, Mauro Cavagna, Heiko Prasse, Natalia Restrepo-Coupe, Yanhong Tang, Donatella Zona, Andrew S. Kowalski, Eric Dufrêne, Kim Pilegaard, Serena Marras, Yongtao He, Brent E. Ewers, Siyan Ma, Jean Marc Bonnefond, Jonas Ardö, Ko van Huissteden, Roser Matamala, Robin Weber, Nigel J. Tapper, Humberto Ribeiro da Rocha, Eva van Gorsel, Torbern Tagesson, Frederik Schrader, Frank Tiedemann, Myroslava Khomik, Torben R. Christensen, Jonathan E. Thom, James Cleverly, Víctor Resco de Dios, Ivan Shironya, Jeffrey P. Walker, You Wei Cheah, Ana López-Ballesteros, Georgia R. Koerber, J. William Munger, Shicheng Jiang, Johannes Lüers, Bruno De Cinti, Gilberto Pastorello, David R. Cook, Werner L. Kutsch, Paul Di Tommasi, Nicolas Delpierre, Peter Isaac, Carlos Marcelo Di Bella, Jiquan Chen, Craig Macfarlane, Dennis D. Baldocchi, William Woodgate, Riccardo Valentini, Marilyn Roland, Ladislav Šigut, Tomomichi Kato, Sebastian Westermann, Ivan Mammarella, Bart Kruijt, Marta Galvagno, Marius Schmidt, Serge Rambal, J. Kurbatova, Sean P. Burns, Ettore D'Andrea, Chad Hanson, Vincenzo Magliulo, Anne Griebel, Brian D. Amiro, M. Goeckede, Enrique P. Sánchez-Cañete, Thomas L. Powell, Marcelo D. Nosetto, Cacilia Ewenz, Michael J. Liddell, Satoru Takanashi, Lukas Hörtnagl, Zulia Mayari Sanchez-Mejia, W.W.P. Jans, N. Pirk, Johan Neirynck, Rainer Steinbrecher, Lukas Siebicke, Matthias Peichl, Rachhpal S. Jassal, Costantino Sirca, Earth and Climate, Earth Sciences, Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), INAR Physics, Micrometeorology and biogeochemical cycles, Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), Ecosystem processes (INAR Forest Sciences), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Università degli studi della Tuscia [Viterbo], California State University [Sacramento], Michigan State University System, University of Virginia, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), University of Manitoba [Winnipeg], Agroscope, McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario], Lund University [Lund], University of Nebraska–Lincoln, University of Nebraska System, University of Melbourne, University of Antwerp (UA), Université de Liège, Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC), University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Peoples Friendship University of Russia [RUDN University] (RUDN), The University of Western Australia (UWA), Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of British Columbia (UBC), University of Colorado [Colorado Springs] (UCCS), Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), Humboldt University Of Berlin, University of Minnesota System, SILVA (SILVA), AgroParisTech-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (UMR ISPA), Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Utah, University of Central Florida [Orlando] (UCF), Thunen Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, Department of Environmental Systems Science [ETH Zürich] (D-USYS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Fondazione Edmund Mach - Edmund Mach Foundation [Italie] (FEM), Aarhus University [Aarhus], University of Technology Sydney (UTS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Argonne National Laboratory [Lemont] (ANL), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Shanxi University (SXU), Worcester State University [Worcester], Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, GILBERTO PASTORELLO, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, THOMAS ANDREW BLACK, University of British Columbia, PETER D. BLANKEN, University of Colorado, GIL BOHRER, Ohio State University, JULIA BOIKE, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research / Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, PAUL V. BOLSTAD, University of Minnesota, JEAN-MARC BONNEFOND, ISPA Bordeaux Sciences Agro, DAVID R. BOWLING, University of Utah, ROSVEL BRACHO, University of Florida, JASON BRODEUR, McMaster University, CHRISTIAN BRÜMMER, Thünen Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, NINA BUCHMANN, ETH Zurich, BENOIT BURBAN, INRAE UMR ECOFOG, AGNES DE GRANDCOURT, UMR Eco&Sols, CIRAD, ANNE DE LIGNE, University of Liege, RAIMUNDO COSME DE OLIVEIRA JUNIOR, CPATU, HAN DOLMAN, Universiteit Amsterdam, FRANCISCO DOMINGO, CSIC, GANG DONG, Shanxi University, SABINA DORE, HydroFocus, PIERPAOLO DUCE, National Research Council of Italy, MARTA GALVAGNO, Environmental Protection Agency of Aosta Valley, MANA GHARUN, ETH Zurich, DAMIANO GIANELLE, Fondazione Edmund Mach, MARCIN JACKOWICZ-KORCZYNSKI, Lund University / Aarhus University, DALIBOR JANOUS, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, WILMA JANS, Wageningen University and Research, RACHHPAL JASSAL, University of British Columbia, SHICHENG JIANG, Northeast Normal University, ANA LÓPEZ-BALLESTEROS, Trinity College Dublin, EFRÉN LÓPEZ-BLANCO, Aarhus University, BENJAMIN LOUBET, Université Paris-Saclay, DENIS LOUSTAU, ISPA - INRA, JOHANNES LÜERS, University of Bayreuth, JOHAN NEIRYNCK, Research Institute for Nature and Forest, ZORAN NESIC, University of British Columbia, GIACOMO NICOLINI, University of Tuscia / CMCC, ASKO NOORMETS, Texas A&M University, MATTHEW NORTHWOOD, Charles Darwin University, KIMBERLY NOVICK, Indiana University Bloomington, MARILYN ROLAND, University of Antwerp, SIMONE SABBATINI, University of Tuscia, TORSTEN SACHS, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, SCOTT R. SALESKA, University of Arizona, ENRIQUE P. SÁNCHEZ-CAÑETE, University of Granada / CEAMA-IISTA, ZULIA M. SANCHEZ-MEJIA, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, RAINER STEINBRECHER, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, ROBERT M. STEVENS, Sentek Pty Ltd, COVE STURTEVANT, National Ecological Observatory Network Program, ANDY SUYKER, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, TORBERN TAGESSON, Lund University / University of Copenhagen, SATORU TAKANASHI, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, DOMENICO VITALE, University of Tuscia / CMCC, NATALIA VYGODSKAYA, Russian Academy of Sciences, JEFFREY P. WALKER, Monash University, ELIZABETH WALTER-SHEA, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, HUIMIN WANG, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ROBIN WEBER, University of California Berkeley, SEBASTIAN WESTERMANN, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA), CHRISTIAN WILLE, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, STEVEN WOFSY, Harvard University, GEORG WOHLFAHRT, University of Innsbruck, SEBASTIAN WOLF, ETH Zurich, WILLIAM WOODGATE, CSIRO Land and Water, YUELIN LI, Chinese Academy of Sciences, DONATELLA ZONA, San Diego State University / University of Sheffield, DEB AGARWAL, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, SEBASTIEN BIRAUD, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MARGARET TORN, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, DARIO PAPALE, University of Tuscia / CMCC., ALLISON DUNN, Worcester State University, JIRÍ DUSEK, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, DEREK EAMUS, University of Technology Sydney, UWE EICHELMANN, Technische Universität Dresden, HOUSEN CHU, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, DANIELLE CHRISTIANSON, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, YOU-WEI CHEAH, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CRISTINA POINDEXTER, California State University, JIQUAN CHEN, Michigan State University, ABDELRAHMAN ELBASHANDY, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MARTY HUMPHREY, University of Virginia, PETER ISAAC, TERN Ecosystrem Processes, DIEGO POLIDORI, University of Tuscia / CMCC, ALESSIO RIBECA, University of Tuscia / CMCC, CATHARINE VAN INGEN, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, LEIMINGZ HANG, Chinese Academy of Sciences, BRIAN AMIRO, University of Manitoba, CHRISTOF AMMANN, Agroscope Research Institute, M. ALTAF ARAIN, McMaster University, JONAS ARDÖ, Lund University, TIMOTHY ARKEBAUER, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, STEFAN K. ARNDT, The University of Melbourne, NICOLA ARRIGA, University of Antwerp / Joint Research Centre, MARC AUBINET, University of Liege, MIKA AURELA, Finnish Meteorological Institute, DENNIS BALDOCCHI, University of California Berkeley, ALAN BARR, University of Saskatchewan / Environment and Climate Change Canada, DAMIEN BONAL, Université de Lorraine, SEAN P. BURNS, University of Colorado / National Center for Atmospheric Research, PAULINE BUYSSE, Université Paris-Saclay, PETER CALE, Australian Landscape Trust, MAURO CAVAGNA, Fondazione Edmund Mach, PIERRE CELLIER, Université Paris-Saclay, SHIPING CHEN, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ISAAC CHINI, Fondazione Edmund Mach, TORBEN R . CHRISTENSEN, Aarhus University, JAMES CLEVERLY, University of Technology Sydney, ALESSIO COLLALTI, University of Tuscia / National Research Council of Italy, CLAUDIA CONSALVO, University of Tuscia / National Research Council of Italy, BRUCE D. COOK, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, DAVID COOK, Argonne National Laboratory, CAROLE COURSOLLE, Natural Resources Canada / Université Laval, EDOARDO CREMONESE, Climate Change Unit, PETER S. CURTIS, Ohio State University, ETTORE DANDREA, National Research Council of Italy, HUMBERTO DA ROCHA, USP, XIAOQIN DAI, Chinese Academy of Sciences, KENNETH J. DAVIS, The Pennsylvania State University, BRUNO DE CINTI, National Research Council of Italy, NICOLAS DELPIERRE, Université Paris-Saclay, ANKUR R . DESAI, University of Wisconsin-Madison, CARLOS MARCELO DI BELLA, Facultad de Agronomía, UBA, Buenos Aires., PAUL DI TOMMASI, National Research Council of Italy, ERIC DUFRÊNE, Université Paris-Saclay, MARIUS SCHMIDT, Agrosphere (IBG3), HATIM ABDALLA M. ELKHIDIR, ElObeid Research Station, WERNER EUGSTER, ETH Zurich, CACILIA M. EWENZ, TERN Ecosystem Processes Central Node, BRENT EWERS, University of Wyoming, DANIELA FAMULARI, National Research Council of Italy, SILVANO FARES, National Research Council of Italy / Research Centre for Forestry and Wood, IRIS FEIGENWINTER, ETH Zurich, ANDREW FEITZ, Geoscience Australia, RASMUS FENSHOLT, University of Copenhagen, GIANLUCA FILIPPA, Environmental Protection Agency of Aosta Valley, MARC FISCHER, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, JOHN FRANK, USDA Forest Service, BERT GIELEN, University of Antwerp, BENIAMINO GIOLI, National Research Council of Italy, ANATOLY GITELSON, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, IGNACIO BALLARIN GODED, Joint Research Centre, MATHIAS GOECKEDE, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, ALLEN H. GOLDSTEIN, University of California Berkeley, CHRISTOPHER M. GOUGH, Virginia Commonwealth University, MICHAEL L. GOULDEN, University of California, ALEXANDER GRAF, Forschungszentrum Jülich, ANNE GRIEBEL, The University of Melbourne, CARSTEN GRUENING, Joint Research Centre, THOMAS GRÜNWALD, Technische Universität Dresden, ALBIN HAMMERLE, University of Innsbruck, SHIJIE HAN, Henan University / Chinese Academy of Sciences, XINGGUO HAN, Chinese Academy of Sciences, BIRGER ULF HANSEN, University of Copenhagen, CHAD HANSON, Oregon State University, JUHA HATAKKA, Finnish Meteorological Institute, YONGTAO HE, Chinese Academy of Sciences / University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, MARKUS HEHN, Technische Universität Dresden, BERNARD HEINESCH, University of Liege, NINA HINKO-NAJERA, The University of Melbourne, LUKAS HÖRTNAGL, ETH Zurich, LINDSAY HUTLEY, Charles Darwin University, ANDREAS IBROM, Technical University of Denmark, HIROKI IKAWA, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, TOMOMICHI KATO, Hokkaido University, MYROSLAVA KHOMIK, McMaster University / Geography and Environmental Management, JANINA KLATT, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, ALEXANDER KNOHL, University of Goettingen, SARA KNOX, The University of British Columbia, HIDEKI KOBAYASHI, Institute of Arctic Climate and Environment Research, GEORGIA KOERBER, University of Adelaide, OLAF KOLLE, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, YOSHIKO KOSUGI, Kyoto University, AYUMI KOTANI, Nagoya University, ANDREW KOWALSKI, University of Granada, BART KRUIJT, Wageningen University, JULIA KURBATOVA, Russian Academy of Sciences, WERNER L. KUTSCH, ICOS ERIC, HYOJUNG KWON, Oregon State University, SAMULI LAUNIAINEN, Natural Resources Institute Finland, TUOMAS LAURILA, Finnish Meteorological Institute, BEV LAW, Oregon State University, RAY LEUNING, In memoriam, YINGNIAN LI, Chinese Academy of Sciences, MICHAEL LIDDELL, James Cook University, JEAN-MARC LIMOUSIN, Univ Montpellier, KARL SCHNEIDER, University of Cologne, MARRYANNA LION, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, ADAM J. LISKA, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, ANNALEA LOHILA, Finnish Meteorological Institute / University of Helsinki, ANTJE LUCAS-MOFFAT, Thünen Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture / Centre for Agrometeorological Research, SIYAN MA, University of California Berkeley, CRAIG MACFARLANE, CSIRO Land and Water, VINCENZO MAGLIULO, National Research Council of Italy, REGINE MAIER, ETH Zurich, IVAN MAMMARELLA, University of Helsinki, GIOVANNI MANCA, Joint Research Centre, BARBARA MARCOLLA, Fondazione Edmund Mach, HANK A . MARGOLIS, Université Laval, SERENA MARRAS, CMCC / University of Sassari, WILLIAM MASSMAN, USDA Forest Service, MIKHAIL MASTEPANOV, Aarhus University / University of Oulu, ROSER MATAMALA, Argonne National Laboratory, JACLYN HATALA MATTHES, Wellesley College, FRANCESCO MAZZENGA, National Research Council of Italy, HARRY MCCAUGHEY, Queen’s University, IAN MCHUGH, The University of Melbourne, ANDREW M. S. MCMILLAN, Environmental Analytics NZ, LUTZ MERBOLD, International Livestock Research Institute, WAYNE MEYER, University of Adelaide, TILDEN MEYERS, NOAA/OAR/Air Resources Laboratory, SCOTT D. MILLER, State University of New York at Albany, STEFANO MINERBI, Forest Department of South Tyrol, UTA MODEROW, Technische Universität Dresden, RUSSELL K. MONSON, University of Arizona, LEONARDO MONTAGNANI, Forest Department of South Tyrol / Free University of Bolzano, CAITLIN E. MOORE, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, EDDY MOORS, IHE Delft / VU Amsterdam, VIRGINIE MOREAUX, ISPA / University Grenoble Alpes, CHRISTINE MOUREAUX, University of Liege, J. WILLIAM MUNGER, Harvard University, TARO NAKAI, National Taiwan University / University of Alaska Fairbanks, MARCELO NOSETTO, Instituto de Matemática Aplicada San Luis / UNER, YANN NOUVELLON, Univ Montpellier-CIRAD-INRA-IRD-Montpellier SupAgro, WALTER OECHEL, San Diego State University / University of Exeter, JORGEN EIVIND OLESEN, Aarhus University, JEAN-MARC OURCIVAL, Univ Montpellier, SHIRLEY A. PAPUGA, Wayne State University, FRANS-JAN PARMENTIER, Lund University / University of Oslo, EUGENIE PAUL-LIMOGES, University of Zurich, MARIAN PAVELKA, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, MATTHIAS PEICHL, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, ELISE PENDALL, Western Sydney University, RICHARD P. PHILLIPS, Indiana University Bloomington, KIM PILEGAARD, Technical University of Denmark, NORBERT PIRK, Lund University / CSIRO Land and Water, GABRIELA POSSE, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA), THOMAS POWELL, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, HEIKO PRASSE, Technische Universität Dresden, SUZANNE M. PROBER, CSIRO Land and Water, SERGE RAMBAL, Univ Montpellier, ÜLLAR RANNIK, University of Helsinki, DAVID REED, Michigan State University, VICTOR RESCO DE DIOS, Western Sydney University / Southwest University of Science and Technology, NATALIA RESTREPO-COUPE, University of Arizona, BORJA R. REVERTER, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, HANS PETER SCHMID, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, FREDERIK SCHRADER, Federal Research Institute of Rural Areas, IVAN SCHRODER, Geoscience Australia, RUSSELL L. SCOTT, Southwest Watershed Research Center, PAVEL SEDLÁK, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences / Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, PENÉLOPE SERRANO-ORTÍZ, CEAMA-IISTA / University of Granada, CHANGLIANG SHAO, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, PEILI SHI, Chinese Academy of Sciences, IVAN SHIRONYA, Russian Academy of Sciences, LUKAS SIEBICKE, Bioclimatology, University of Goettingen, LADISLAV SIGUT, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, RICHARD SILBERSTEIN, University of Western Australia / Edith Cowan University, COSTANTINO SIRCA, CMCC / University of Sassari, DONATELLA SPANO, CMCC / University of Sassari, YANHONG TANG, Peking University, NIGEL TAPPER, Monash University, JONATHAN THOM, University of Wisconsin-Madison, FRANK TIEDEMANN, University of Goettingen, MICHELE TOMASSUCCI, University of Tuscia / Terrasystem srl, JUHA-PEKKA TUOVINEN, Finnish Meteorological Institute, SHAWN URBANSKI, Rocky Mountain Research Station, RICCARDO VALENTINI, University of Tuscia / CMCC, MICHIEL VAN DER MOLEN, Wageningen University, EVA VAN GORSEL, Australian National University Canberra, KO VAN HUISSTEDEN, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, ANDREJ VARLAGIN, Russian Academy of Sciences, JOSEPH VERFAILLIE, University of California Berkeley, TIMO VESALA, University of Helsinki, CAROLINE VINCKE, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ROBERTO ZAMPEDRI, Fondazione Edmund Mach, JUNHUI ZHANG, Chinese Academy of Sciences, GUOYI ZHOU, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, NAAMA RAZ-YASEEF, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, ERIC BEAMESDERFER, McMaster University, CARLO TROTTA, University of Tuscia, ELEONORA CANFORA, University of Tuscia / CMCC, LUCA BELELLI MARCHESINI, Fondazione Edmund Mach / RUDN University, ONIL BERGERON, Ministère du Développement durable de l’Environnement et de la Lutte contre les changements climatiques, JASON BERINGER, University of Western Australia, CHRISTIAN BERNHOFER, Technische Universität Dresden, DANIEL BERVEILLER, Université Paris-Saclay, and DAVE BILLESBACH, University of Nebraska-Lincoln

Subjects
Meteorologie en Luchtkwaliteit, Data Descriptor, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Settore AGR/05 - ASSESTAMENTO FORESTALE E SELVICOLTURA, dataset provides ecosystem, UNCERTAINTY, Eddy covariance, Observation météorologique, 01 natural sciences, ecosystem-scale data, lcsh:Science, SITES, Energy, Respiration, Statistics, Uncertainty, Carbon cycle, Biological measurements, Terrestrial biome, RESPIRATION, gapfilling, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Assimilation, Anhídrid carbònic, ddc:500, Net ecosystem exchange, Écosystème, STORAGE, Information Systems, Statistics and Probability, ecosystem approaches [EN], Meteorology and Air Quality, ASSIMILATION, Library and Information Sciences, Education, collection [EN], Donnée climatique, Data collection, Water, 15. Life on land, Earth system science, Climate Resilience, Klimaatbestendigheid, lcsh:Q, processing, Climate sciences, Ecophysiology, Storage, Oceanography, Hydrology, Water Resources, 010501 environmental sciences, CARBON-DIOXIDE, ENERGY-BALANCE CLOSURE, ddc:550, Échange d'énergie, FLUXNET2015, Biosphere, Energy balance closure, fluxnet, Computer Science Applications, Collecte de données, Energia, P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY, Eddy Covariance, SDG 6 - Clean Water and Sanitation, Engineering sciences. Technology, Sensoriamento Remoto, FLUX, 1171 Geosciences, Consistency (database systems), eau, Life Science, Time series, Remote sensing studies, Measurement device, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, Ecosystem respiration and photosynthetic, WIMEK, NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE, Pipeline (software), Environmental sciences, Metadata, Earth sciences, Carbon dioxide, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Probability and Uncertainty, Water Systems and Global Change, Dioxyde de carbone
Abstract

The FLUXNET2015 dataset provides ecosystem-scale data on CO2, water, and energy exchange between the biosphere and the atmosphere, and other meteorological and biological measurements, from 212 sites around the globe (over 1500 site-years, up to and including year 2014). These sites, independently managed and operated, voluntarily contributed their data to create global datasets. Data were quality controlled and processed using uniform methods, to improve consistency and intercomparability across sites. The dataset is already being used in a number of applications, including ecophysiology studies, remote sensing studies, and development of ecosystem and Earth system models. FLUXNET2015 includes derived-data products, such as gap-flled time series, ecosystem respiration and photosynthetic uptake estimates, estimation of uncertainties, and metadata about the measurements, presented for the frst time in this paper. In addition, 206 of these sites are for the frst time distributed under a Creative Commons (CC-BY 4.0) license. This paper details this enhanced dataset and the processing methods, now made available as open-source codes, making the dataset more accessible, transparent, and reproducible., European Union (EU), United States Department of Energy (DOE)

Published
2020

15. Supplementary material to 'The PROFOUND database for evaluating vegetation models and simulating climate impacts on forests'

Author

Christopher P. O. Reyer, Ramiro Silveyra Gonzalez, Klara Dolos, Florian Hartig, Ylva Hauf, Matthias Noack, Petra Lasch-Born, Thomas Rötzer, Hans Pretzsch, Henning Mesenburg, Stefan Fleck, Markus Wagner, Andreas Bolte, Tanja G. M. Sanders, Pasi Kolari, Annikki Mäkelä, Timo Vesala, Ivan Mammarella, Jukka Pumpanen, Alessio Collalti, Carlo Trotta, Giorgio Matteucci, Ettore D'Andrea, Lenka Foltýnová, Jan Krejza, Andreas Ibrom, Kim Pilegaard, Denis Loustau, Jean-Marc Bonnefond, Paul Berbigier, Delphine Picart, Sébastien Lafont, Michael Dietze, David Cameron, Massimo Vieno, Hanqin Tian, Alicia Palacios-Orueta, Victor Cicuendez, Laura Recuero, Klaus Wiese, Matthias Büchner, Stefan Lange, Jan Volkholz, Hyungjun Kim, Graham P. Weedon, Justin Sheffield, Iliusi Vega del Valle, Felicitas Suckow, Joanna A. Horemans, Simon Martel, Friedrich Bohn, Jörg Steinkamp, Alexander Chikalanov, Mats Mahnken, Martin Gutsch, and Katja Frieler

Published
2019

16. The PROFOUND database for evaluating vegetation models and simulating climate impacts on forests

Author

Christopher P. O. Reyer, Ramiro Silveyra Gonzalez, Klara Dolos, Florian Hartig, Ylva Hauf, Matthias Noack, Petra Lasch-Born, Thomas Rötzer, Hans Pretzsch, Henning Mesenburg, Stefan Fleck, Markus Wagner, Andreas Bolte, Tanja G. M. Sanders, Pasi Kolari, Annikki Mäkelä, Timo Vesala, Ivan Mammarella, Jukka Pumpanen, Alessio Collalti, Carlo Trotta, Giorgio Matteucci, Ettore D'Andrea, Lenka Foltýnová, Jan Krejza, Andreas Ibrom, Kim Pilegaard, Denis Loustau, Jean-Marc Bonnefond, Paul Berbigier, Delphine Picart, Sébastien Lafont, Michael Dietze, David Cameron, Massimo Vieno, Hanqin Tian, Alicia Palacios-Orueta, Victor Cicuendez, Laura Recuero, Klaus Wiese, Matthias Büchner, Stefan Lange, Jan Volkholz, Hyungjun Kim, Graham P. Weedon, Justin Sheffield, Iliusi Vega del Valle, Felicitas Suckow, Joanna A. Horemans, Simon Martel, Friedrich Bohn, Jörg Steinkamp, Alexander Chikalanov, Mats Mahnken, Martin Gutsch, Katja Frieler, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), University of Regensburg, Fachagentur Nachwachsende Rohstoffe, Partenaires INRAE, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Research Institute, Thunen Institute of Forest Ecosystems, Thünen Institute, University of Helsinki, University of Eastern Finland, Institute for agriculture and forestry systems in the Mediterranean (CNR-ISAFOM), Tuscia University, Global Change Research Institute CAS, Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (UMR ISPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro), Boston University [Boston] (BU), Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Auburn University (AU), Technical University of Madrid, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Met Office Hadley Centre for Climate Change (MOHC), United Kingdom Met Office [Exeter], Princeton University, University of Antwerp (UA), Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main-Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, and University of Library Study and Information Technology

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 13. Climate action, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, 15. Life on land, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences
Abstract

Process-based vegetation models are widely used to predict local and global ecosystem dynamics and climate change impacts. Due to their complexity, they require careful parameterization and evaluation to ensure that projections are accurate and reliable. The PROFOUND Database (PROFOUND DB) provides a wide range of empirical data to calibrate and evaluate vegetation models that simulate climate impacts at the forest stand scale. A particular advantage of this database is its wide coverage of multiple data sources at different hierarchical and temporal scales, together with environmental driving data as well as the latest climate scenarios. Specifically, the PROFOUND DB provides general site descriptions, soil, climate, CO2, nitrogen deposition, tree and forest stand-level, as well as remote sensing data for nine contrasting forest stands distributed across Europe. Moreover, for a subset of five sites, time series of carbon fluxes, atmospheric heat conduction, and soil water are also available. The climate and nitrogen deposition data contain several datasets for the historic period and a wide range of future climate change scenarios following the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0, RCP8.5). We also provide pre-industrial climate simulations that allow for model runs aimed at disentangling the contribution of climate change to observed forest productivity changes. The PROFOUND DB is available freely as a SQLite relational database or ASCII flat file version (at https://doi.org/10.5880/PIK.2019.008). The data policies of the individual, contributing datasets are provided in the metadata of each data file. The PROFOUND DB can also be accessed via the ProfoundData R-package (https://github.com/COST-FP1304-PROFOUND/ProfoundData), which provides basic functions to explore, plot, and extract the data for model set-up, calibration and evaluation.

Published
2019

17. Frost and drought: effects of extreme weather events on stem carbon dynamics in a Mediterranean beech forest

Author

Ettore D'Andrea, Alessio Collalti, Peter Prislan, Giorgio Matteucci, Negar Rezaie, Jan Muhr, and Jozica Gricar

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Mediterranean climate, 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Physiology, Frost, Co2 efflux, Plant Science, Forests, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Freezing, Fagus, Fagusy sylvatica, 0303 health sciences, late frost, Plant Stems, biology, Mediterranean Region, Phenology, Wood, Droughts, Carbon dioxide, Tree ring, growth, chemistry.chemical_element, Growing season, Extreme weather, 03 medical and health sciences, Xylem, Respiration, resilience, Beech, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 030304 developmental biology, Drought, fungi, Extreme events, Carbon Dioxide, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Carbon, 030104 developmental biology, Agronomy, chemistry, 13. Climate action, stem carbon efflux, wood formation, Environmental science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

SummaryThe effects of short-term extreme events on tree functioning and physiology are still rather elusive. European beech is one of the most sensitive species to late frost and water shortage. We investigated the intra-annual C dynamics in stems under such conditions.Wood formation and stem CO2efflux were monitored in a Mediterranean beech forest for three years (2015–2017), including a late frost (2016) and a summer drought (2017).The late frost reduced radial growth and, consequently, the amount of carbon fixed in the stem biomass by 80%. Stem carbon efflux in 2016 was reduced by 25%, which can be attributed to the reduction of effluxes due to growth respiration. Counter to our expectations, we found no effects of the 2017 summer drought on radial growth and stem carbon efflux.The studied extreme weather events had various effects on tree growth. Even though late spring frost had a devastating impact on beech radial growth in the current year, trees fully recovered in the following growing season, indicating high resilience of beech to this stressful event.

Published
2019
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18. Author Correction

Author

Pierpaolo Duce, B.R. Reverter, Bruce D. Cook, Marian Pavelka, Lindsay B. Hutley, Francesco Mazzenga, Caroline Vincke, Benoit Burban, Damiano Gianelle, Üllar Rannik, William J. Massman, Claudia Consalvo, Scott R. Saleska, D. P. Billesbach, Guoyi Zhou, Julia Boike, Michiel K. van der Molen, Werner Eugster, Hyojung Kwon, Thomas Grünwald, Thomas L. Powell, T. A. Black, Caitlin E. Moore, Albin Hammerle, Yingnian Li, Cristina Poindexter, Uwe Eichelmann, Marcelo D. Nosetto, Xiaoqin Dai, Cacilia Ewenz, Gilberto Pastorello, Carlos Marcelo Di Bella, Damien Bonal, Stefano Minerbi, Rosvel Bracho, Kim Pilegaard, Serena Marras, Michael J. Liddell, Mika Aurela, N. Pirk, Shawn Urbanski, Scott D. Miller, Janina Klatt, Eugénie Paul-Limoges, Jean-Marc Limousin, Hideki Kobayashi, Juha Hatakka, Georg Wohlfahrt, Diego Polidori, Mana Gharun, Olaf Kolle, Jørgen E. Olesen, Peili Shi, Yann Nouvellon, Johan Neirynck, Rainer Steinbrecher, Lukas Siebicke, Satoru Takanashi, Eva van Gorsel, Domenico Vitale, Regine Maier, Hans Peter Schmid, Raimundo Cosme de Oliveira, Torben R. Christensen, Giovanni Manca, Elizabeth A. Walter-Shea, Leonardo Montagnani, Jonathan E. Thom, James Cleverly, Andrew Feitz, Nina Buchmann, Andrew M. S. McMillan, N. N. Vygodskaya, E. Canfora, Richard Silberstein, David E. Reed, Marc Fischer, Ankur R. Desai, Leiming Zhang, Alexander Graf, Sébastien C. Biraud, Samuli Launiainen, Siyan Ma, Bart Kruijt, Carlo Trotta, Nicola Arriga, Christopher M. Gough, Elise Pendall, Peter S. Curtis, Margaret S. Torn, Gabriela Posse, Ivan Shironya, Silvano Fares, You Wei Cheah, Karl Schneider, Robin Weber, D. S. Christianson, Carsten Gruening, Hiroki Ikawa, Christine Moureaux, Paul V. Bolstad, Lukas Hörtnagl, Zulia Mayari Sanchez-Mejia, W.W.P. Jans, Alan G. Barr, Sebastian Wolf, Marc Aubinet, Christof Ammann, Penélope Serrano-Ortiz, Timothy J. Arkebauer, Shicheng Jiang, Han Dolman, Iris Feigenwinter, Junhui Zhang, A. Ribeca, Ana López-Ballesteros, Johannes Lüers, Chad Hanson, Hank A. Margolis, Nicolas Delpierre, Onil Bergeron, Mauro Cavagna, Jiří Dušek, Benjamin Loubet, Jason Brodeur, M. Altaf Arain, Kimberly A. Novick, Dalibor Janouš, Anne De Ligne, Marty Humphrey, Christian Wille, Daniel Berveiller, Changliang Shao, Pauline Buysse, Kenneth J. Davis, Annalea Lohila, Deb Agarwal, Ian McHugh, Ray Leuning, Anne Griebel, Natalia Restrepo-Coupe, Russell L. Scott, Russell K. Monson, Christian Brümmer, Dennis D. Baldocchi, Brian D. Amiro, Andrew E. Suyker, Naama Raz-Yaseef, Timo Vesala, David R. Cook, William Woodgate, Rasmus Fensholt, Uta Moderow, Richard P. Phillips, Stefan K. Arndt, Xingguo Han, Jason Beringer, Riccardo Valentini, Robert M. Stevens, Luca Belelli Marchesini, Shirley A. Papuga, Gianluca Filippa, Roser Matamala, John M. Frank, Peter Isaac, Werner L. Kutsch, Paul Di Tommasi, Yuelin Li, Andrej Varlagin, Ladislav Šigut, Francisco Domingo, E. Beamesderfer, Edoardo Cremonese, Eddy Moors, Joseph Verfaillie, Huimin Wang, Jiquan Chen, M. Goeckede, Craig Macfarlane, Enrique P. Sánchez-Cañete, Harry McCaughey, Tomomichi Kato, Dario Papale, Jean Marc Ourcival, Birger Ulf Hansen, Pierre Cellier, Bev Law, Derek Eamus, Carole Coursolle, Myroslava Khomik, Wayne S. Meyer, Taro Nakai, Mikhail Mastepanov, Nina Hinko-Najera, Peter Cale, Donatella Spano, Beniamino Gioli, Gang Dong, David R. Bowling, Sabina Dore, Shiping Chen, Isaac Chini, Jeffrey P. Walker, Eric Dufrêne, Sebastian Westermann, Marcin Jackowicz-Korczynski, Marryanna Lion, Barbara Marcolla, Marius Schmidt, Serge Rambal, Víctor Resco de Dios, Jean Marc Bonnefond, Ivan Mammarella, Hatim Abdalla M. ElKhidir, Ko van Huissteden, Suzanne M. Prober, Gil Bohrer, Markus Reichstein, Heiko Prasse, Nigel J. Tapper, Corinna Rebmann, J. Kurbatova, Abdelrahman Elbashandy, J. William Munger, Catharine van Ingen, Humberto Ribeiro da Rocha, Andreas Ibrom, Sean P. Burns, Simone Sabbatini, Marilyn Roland, Zoran Nesic, Tuomas Laurila, Giacomo Nicolini, Bruno De Cinti, Jaclyn Hatala Matthes, Georgia R. Koerber, Yoshiko Kosugi, Efrén López-Blanco, Cove Sturtevant, Matthew Northwood, Ettore D'Andrea, Torsten Sachs, Housen Chu, Matthias Peichl, Nicolas Vuichard, Alexander Knohl, Steven C. Wofsy, Michael L. Goulden, Vincenzo Magliulo, Antje Lucas-Moffat, Peter D. Blanken, Donatella Zona, Allison L. Dunn, Yanhong Tang, Marta Galvagno, Rachhpal S. Jassal, Jonas Ardö, Torbern Tagesson, Frederik Schrader, Ignacio Goded, Costantino Sirca, Shijie Han, Markus Hehn, Allen H. Goldstein, Bernard Heinesch, Christian Bernhofer, Yongtao He, Brent E. Ewers, Adam J. Liska, Michele Tomassucci, Virginie Moreaux, Denis Loustau, Agnès de Grandcourt, Tilden P. Meyers, Roberto Zampedri, Alessio Collalti, Sara H. Knox, Ayumi Kotani, Anatoly A. Gitelson, Andrew S. Kowalski, Walter C. Oechel, Lutz Merbold, Daniela Famulari, Pavel Sedlák, Asko Noormets, Juha Pekka Tuovinen, Frans-Jan W. Parmentier, Bert Gielen, Ivan Schroder, Earth Sciences, Earth and Climate, and UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences

Subjects
Data descriptor, Statistics and Probability, Code development, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Pipeline (computing), Science, 0207 environmental engineering, Eddy covariance, ComputingMilieux_LEGALASPECTSOFCOMPUTING, 02 engineering and technology, Library and Information Sciences, 01 natural sciences, Education, ddc:550, 020701 environmental engineering, Author Correction, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Information retrieval, Published Erratum, Substitution (logic), Statistics, Carbon cycle, Computer Science Applications, Environmental sciences, Earth sciences, Probability and Uncertainty, ddc:500, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Climate sciences, Downscaling, Information Systems
Abstract

The following authors were omitted from the original version of this Data Descriptor: Markus Reichstein and Nicolas Vuichard. Both contributed to the code development and N. Vuichard contributed to the processing of the ERA-Interim data downscaling. Furthermore, the contribution of the co-author Frank Tiedemann was re-evaluated relative to the colleague Corinna Rebmann, both working at the same sites, and based on this re-evaluation a substitution in the co-author list is implemented (with Rebmann replacing Tiedemann). Finally, two affiliations were listed incorrectly and are corrected here (entries 190 and 193). The author list and affiliations have been amended to address these omissions in both the HTML and PDF versions. © 2021, This is a U.S. government work and not under copyright protection in the U.S.; foreign copyright protection may apply.

Published
2021

19. Winter's bite: beech trees survive complete defoliation due to spring late-frost damage by mobilizing old C reserves

Author

Andrea Scartazza, Negar Rezaie, Simona Proietti, Stefano Moscatello, Giorgio Matteucci, Alberto Battistelli, Ettore D'Andrea, Olga Gavrichkova, Iris Kuhlmann, Jan Muhr, and Susan E. Trumbore

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Mediterranean climate, Canopy, late-frost leaf damage, Physiology, Fagus sylvatica, bomb-radiocarbon (C-14), Plant Science, Photosynthesis, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Spring (hydrology), Freezing, Fagus, Carbon Radioisotopes, Sugar, Beech, resilience, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, fungi, nonstructural carbon, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Carbon, Plant Leaves, Horticulture, 030104 developmental biology, Frost, extreme weather event, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Seasons, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Late frost can destroy the photosynthetic apparatus of trees. We hypothesized that this can alter the normal cyclic dynamics of C-reserves in the wood. We measured soluble sugar concentrations and radiocarbon signatures (Delta C-14) of soluble nonstructural carbon (NSC) in woody tissues sampled from a Mediterranean beech forest that was completely defoliated by an exceptional late frost in 2016. We used the bomb radiocarbon approach to estimate the time elapsed since fixation of mobilized soluble sugars. During the leafless period after the frost event, soluble sugar concentrations declined sharply while Delta C-14 of NSC increased. This can be explained by the lack of fresh assimilate supply and a mobilization of C from reserve pools. Soluble NSC became increasingly older during the leafless period, with a maximum average age of 5 yr from samples collected 27 d before canopy recovery. Following leaf re-growth, soluble sugar concentrations increased and Delta C-14 of soluble NSC decreased, indicating the allocation of new assimilates to the stem soluble sugars pool. These data highlight that beech trees rapidly mobilize reserve C to survive strong source-sink imbalances, for example due to late frost, and show that NSC is a key trait for tree resilience under global change.

Published
2019

20. Identifying priority sites for insect conservation in forest ecosystems at high resolution: the potential of LiDAR data

Author

Ettore D'Andrea, Vittoria Gnetti, Pierluigi Bombi, Bruno De Cinti, Augusto Vigna Taglianti, Giorgio Matteucci, Marco Alberto Bologna, Bombi, P., Gnetti, V., D’Andrea, E., De Cinti, B., Vigna Taglianti, A., Bologna, M. A., and Matteucci, G.

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Remote sensing · Ground beetles · Habitat suitability · Complementarity · Forest structure, Ecology, business.industry, Sustainable forest management, Forest management, Environmental resource management, Biodiversity, Systematic Conservation Planning, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Environmental data, 010602 entomology, Taxon, Animal ecology, Insect Science, Forest ecology, Spatial ecology, Environmental science, Animal Science and Zoology, business, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract

Focusing conservation efforts on priority areas is crucial for maximizing the effects of the limited available resources. Unfor-tunately, there is often a conflict between the optimal spatial scale for conservation measures and data available for planning. We tested the potential contribution of LiDAR data in providing high-resolution environmental predictors for conserva-tion planning. We used detailed samples of ground beetles communities and high-resolution environmental data (i.e. land morphology, forest structure, and water availability) for modeling the habitat suitability for each species. All the specific models were combined to define priority areas for the conservation of carabids at the local level and to clarify the effect of each environmental feature on the forest suitability for ground beetles. The highest levels of suitability were obtained in less steep and north facing zones and in those where trees are taller, total volume of trees is larger, and tree density is lower. These parameters should be taken into account in sustainable forest management options aimed to preserve carabid communities. Moreover, our approach allowed to find exactly where, within the considered forest stands, the adoption of these measures would be particularly efficient. Our study is a demonstrative case that can be adapted to different taxa and different areas for improving the efficacy of forest management and of biodiversity conservation initiatives

Published
2019

21. Do atmospheric CO2 concentration increase, climate and forest management affect iWUE of common beech? Evidences from carbon isotope analyses in tree rings

Author

Ettore D'Andrea, Negar Rezaie, Giorgio Matteucci, Marco Lauteri, Pierluigi Bombi, and Achim Bräuning

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Stomatal conductance, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Physiology, Climate, forest management, Climate change, Context (language use), Fagus sylvatica L, Plant Science, adaptation, Photosynthesis, 01 natural sciences, stable carbon isotopes, mitigation, Germany, Fagus, Precipitation, Cellulose, Beech, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Carbon Isotopes, biology, Geography, Water, Forestry, Carbon Dioxide, biology.organism_classification, Wood, climate change, Productivity (ecology), Agronomy, Italy, Environmental science, 010606 plant biology & botany, Woody plant
Abstract

Beech is one of the most important forest tree species in Europe, hence possible adverse factors affecting its physiology and productivity can have strong ecological and economic impacts. In this context, four beech forests along a latitudinal gradient from southern Apennines to middle European lowlands were selected for chronological determinations of carbon isotope composition (delta C-13) in tree-ring cellulose. The main objectives of this study were to assess (i) the effect of climate on the carbon signature of tree-ring cellulose (delta C-13); (ii) the physiological response to recent CO2 concentration increment and to climatic variation; and (iii) the relationship between intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE, here the average long-term ratio of net photosynthesis to stomatal conductance) and growth of trees in different sites since 1950. Our results demonstrated that site climatic conditions peculiarly affect delta C-13. In northern sites, a climatic control of summer precipitation and temperature on stomatal conductance was demonstrated by their opposite correlations with delta C-13, negative and positive, respectively. Furthermore, an ` earliness effect' was suggested by a significant relationship between spring temperature and delta C-13 in the coldest sites and by a positive one between winter temperature and delta C-13 in the warmest ones. In all the study sites, during the maturity phase, a positive correlation between the increment of CO2 and iWUE was observed, due to an active response of trees to CO2 increment. This increment of CO2 was the main driver of the long term increasing trend of iWUE, resulting by an active response of trees to CO2 fertilization. Moreover, precipitation mostly influences positively and negatively the inter-annual variations of iWUE of the southernmost and northernmost sites, respectively. Overall, we observed a mean increment of 40% of iWUE. Moreover, the sensitivity of iWUE to the increase of CO2 was different between the northernmost and southernmost sites. Increasing iWUE was correlated to growth in the two sites during the release phase and we hypothesize a positive effect of silvicultural treatments.

Published
2018
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22. Soil C:N stoichiometry controls carbon sink partitioning between above-ground tree biomass and soil organic matter in high fertility forests

Author

Cristina Martínez, Fabio Petrella, Giorgio Matteucci, Sara Vicca, Luca Belelli-Marchesini, Lorenzo Genesio, Mirco Rodeghiero, Ettore D'Andrea, I. Inglima, Alessandro Peressotti, Giorgio Alberti, Hrvoje Marjanović, Maria Francesca Cotrufo, Franco Miglietta, Earth and Climate, and Amsterdam Global Change Institute

Subjects
Carbon sequestration, Ingrowth cores, Carbon Sequestration, Soil texture, N [Soil C], Net Root-derived Carbon, Ingrowth Cores, Soil C:N, Carbon Partitioning, Isotopes, complex mixtures, Carbon partitioning, Nutrient, Settore BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA, lcsh:Forestry, Biology, Net root-derived carbon, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Ecology, Soil organic matter, Isotopes [Net root-derived carbon, Soil C], Carbon sink, Forestry, Mineralization (soil science), Soil carbon, Agronomy, lcsh:SD1-669.5, Environmental science, Soil fertility
Abstract

The release of organic compounds from roots is a key process influencing soil carbon (C) dynamics and nutrient availability in terrestrial ecosystems. Through this process, plants stimulate microbial activity and soil organic matter (SOM) mineralization thus releasing nitrogen (N) that sustains gross and net primary production (GPP and NPP, respectively). Root inputs also contribute to SOM formation. In this study, we quantified the annual net root-derived C input to soil (Net-Croot) across six high fertility forests using an in-growth core isotope technique. On the basis of Net-Croot, wood and coarse root biomass changes, and eddy covariance data, we quantified net belowground C sequestration. Belowground C accumulation and GPP were inversely related to soil C:N, but not to climate or stand age. Soil C content and C:N were also related to soil texture. At these high fertility sites, biomass growth did not change with soil C:N; however, biomass growth-to-GPP ratio significantly increased with increasing soil C:N. This was true for both our six forest sites and for another 23 high fertility sites selected at a global scale. We suggest that, at high fertility sites, plant N demand interacts with soil C:N stoichiometry and microbial activity, resulting in higher allocation of C to above ground tree biomass with increasing soil C:N ratio. When C:N is high, microbes have a low C use efficiency, respire more of the fresh C inputs by roots and prime SOM decomposition, thereby increasing N availability for tree uptake. Soil C sequestration would therefore decrease, whereas the extra N released during SOM decomposition can promote tree growth and ecosystem C sink allocation in aboveground biomass. Conversely, C is sequestered in soil when low soil C:N promotes microbial C use efficiency and new SOM formation and stabilization on clay particles.

Published
2015

23. Temporal dynamic of a ground beetle community of Eastern Alps (Coleoptera Carabidae)

Author

Gnetti, Vittoria, Bombi, Pierluigi, Taglianti, Augusto VIGNA, Cammarano, Ettore D’ANDREA Mario, Bascietto, Marco, Cinti, Bruno DE, Matteucci, Giorgio, BOLOGNA, Marco Alberto, Gnetti, Vittoria, Bombi, Pierluigi, Taglianti, Augusto VIGNA, Bologna, Marco Alberto, Cammarano, Ettore D’ANDREA Mario, Bascietto, Marco, Cinti, Bruno DE, and Matteucci, Giorgio

Subjects
mountain ecosystems, Carabidae, species richness, temporal dynamic, phenology
Abstract

Ground-beetles are often used in biodiversity assessment and conservation plans as they are easily captured, are taxonomically well known, and respond to changes in habitat structure. An investigation of carabid beetle communities of a managed spruce forest in eastern Alps (Cadore, Veneto region, Italy) was carried out. Samples were collected by pitfall traps from May to September (2013). We positioned the pitfall traps across different sample units (i.e. forest stands), at an elevation between 800 and 1500 m a.s.l. We sampled 22 species of Carabidae and 7,420 individuals. We investigated the phenology appearance of adult Carabidae to understand the temporal variation in species richness, diversity, and community composition. The study of the variation of species composition along time and the ecological structure of carabids assemblages during sample sessions allow to understand temporal dynamics of each structural parameters of communities and to analyse in detail how the ground beetle communities arrange across time. We observed a great species replacement during the season, with different species showing different temporal patterns of activity. This temporal information could be useful for management plans and for further studies on ecological communities of beetles to plan sampling programme because allow understanding how local communities arrange along season.

Published
2015

24. Validation of 3D-CMCC Forest Ecosystem Model (v.5.1) against eddy covariance data for 10 European forest sites

Author

Carlo Trotta, Sergio Marconi, Ivan Mammarella, Alessio Collalti, Giorgio Matteucci, Ettore D'Andrea, Thomas Grünwald, Yan Zhao, Frenk Berninger, Leonardo Montagnani, Riccardo Valentini, Andreas Ibrom, Alexander Knohl, Monia Santini, Bert Gielen, Alessandro Anav, Division on Impacts on Agriculture, Forests and Ecosystem Services (IAFES), Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC), Università degli studi della Tuscia [Viterbo], Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), University of Exeter, Institute of agroenvironmental and forest biology (CNR-IBAF), Institute for agriculture and forestry systems in the Mediterranean (CNR-ISAFOM), Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Processus de la variabilité climatique tropicale et impacts (PARVATI), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Tuscia University, Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU), Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen], University of Helsinki, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Department of Physics, Department of Forest Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), Ecosystem processes (INAR Forest Sciences), Micrometeorology and biogeochemical cycles, and Forest Ecology and Management

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 1171 Geosciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Calibration (statistics), Eddy covariance, Magnitude (mathematics), Climate change, SCOTS PINE FOREST, 01 natural sciences, FluxNet, LAND-SURFACE MODEL, Forest ecology, BEECH FOREST, TERRESTRIAL BIOSPHERE, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 4112 Forestry, CLIMATE-CHANGE, Physics, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Primary production, GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTION, General Medicine, ATMOSPHERE CARBON EXCHANGE, 15. Life on land, 3D-CMCC Forest Ecosystem Model, DECIDUOUS FOREST, lcsh:Geology, 13. Climate action, Climatology, LIGHT-USE EFFICIENCY, Environmental science, Scale (map), 010606 plant biology & botany, PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY
Abstract

International audience; This study evaluates the performances of the new version (v.5.1) of 3D-CMCC Forest Ecosystem Model (FEM) in simulating gross primary productivity (GPP), against eddy covariance GPP data for 10 FLUXNET forest sites across Europe. A new carbon allocation module, coupled with new both phenological and autotrophic respiration schemes, was implemented in this new daily version. Model ability in reproducing timing and magnitude of daily and monthly GPP fluctuations is validated at intra-annual and inter-annual scale, including extreme anomalous seasons. With the purpose to test the 3D-CMCC FEM applicability over Europe without a site-related calibration, the model has been deliberately parametrized with a single set of species-specific parametrizations for each forest ecosystem. The model consistently reproduces both in timing and in magnitude daily and monthly GPP variability across all sites, with the exception of the two Mediterranean sites. We find that 3D-CMCC FEM tends to better simulate the timing of inter-annual anomalies than their magnitude within measurements' uncertainty. In six of eight sites where data are available, the model well reproduces the 2003 summer drought event. Finally, for three sites we evaluate whether a Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 480 A. Collalti et al.: Validation of 3D-CMCC Forest Ecosystem Model (v.5.1) more accurate representation of forest structural characteristics (i.e. cohorts, forest layers) and species composition can improve model results. In two of the three sites results reveal that model slightly increases its performances although, statistically speaking, not in a relevant way.

Published
2016

25. Which climate change path are we following? Bad news from Scots pine

Author

Giorgio Matteucci, Pierluigi Bombi, Ettore D'Andrea, Negar Rezaie, and Mario Cammarano

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Atmospheric Science, Species Delimitation, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Range (biology), Speciation, Climate, lcsh:Medicine, 01 natural sciences, Trees, Geographical Locations, Multidisciplinary approach, lcsh:Science, Climatology, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, Geography, Uncertainty, Eukaryota, Sampling (statistics), Pinus sylvestris, Plants, Europe, Area Under Curve, Ecological Niches, Research Article, Evolutionary Processes, Climate Change, Climate change, Models, Biological, 010603 evolutionary biology, Ecosystems, Ecosystem, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Ecological niche, Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, lcsh:R, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, People and Places, Earth Sciences, Spatial ecology, Environmental science, Interdisciplinary Communication, lcsh:Q, Climate model, Pines, Climate Modeling
Abstract

Current expectations on future climate derive from coordinated experiments, which compile many climate models for sampling the entire uncertainty related to emission scenarios, initial conditions, and modelling process. Quantifying this uncertainty is important for taking decisions that are robust under a wide range of possible future conditions. Nevertheless, if uncertainty is too large, it can prevent from planning specific and effective measures. For this reason, reducing the spectrum of the possible scenarios to a small number of one or a few models that actually represent the climate pathway influencing natural ecosystems would substantially increase our planning capacity. Here we adopt a multidisciplinary approach based on the comparison of observed and expected spatial patterns of response to climate change in order to identify which specific models, among those included in the CMIP5, catch the real climate variation driving the response of natural ecosystems. We used dendrochronological analyses for determining the geographic pattern of recent growth trends for three European species of trees. At the same time, we modelled the climatic niche for the same species and forecasted the suitability variation expected across Europe under each different GCM. Finally, we estimated how well each GCM explains the real response of ecosystems, by comparing the expected variation with the observed growth trends. Doing this, we identified four climatic models that are coherent with the observed trends. These models are close to the highest range limit of the climatic variations expected by the ensemble of the CMIP5 models, suggesting that current predictions of climate change impacts on ecosystems could be underestimated.

Published
2017

26. Can decision rules simulate carbon allocation for years with contrasting and extreme weather conditions? A case study for three temperate beech forests

Author

Ettore D'Andrea, Hans Verbeeck, Joris Van den Bossche, Kathy Steppe, Matteo Campioli, Roeland Samson, André Granier, Jian Wu, Andreas Ibrom, Giorgio Matteucci, Dept Biol, University of Antwerp (UA), Dept Appl Ecol & Environm Biol, Plant Ecol Lab, Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Dept Chem & Biochem Engn, Ctr Ecosyst & Environm Sustainabil, Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), Inst Agroenvironm & Forest Biol, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Inst Agr & Forest Syst Mediterranean, Dept Biosci Engn, Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology of the Flemish Government [SBO60032], Flemish Government, European Commission [GOCE-CT-2003-505572, FP7-ENV-2008-1-226701], Danish government [ECOCLIM 10-093901], and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Lag, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Fagus sylvatica L, Atmospheric sciences, SESSILE OAK, 01 natural sciences, Modelling, CARBOHYDRATE RESERVES, CRITICAL-APPRAISAL, Extreme weather, Tree growth, Heat wave, Fagus sylvatica, THERMAL-ACCLIMATION, Forest ecology, Temperate climate, FINE-ROOT DYNAMICS, Biology, Beech, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Maintenance respiration, EUROPEAN FORESTS, MODELING CARBON, Wood production, biology, Drought, Ecology, Ecological Modeling, LEAF-AREA INDEX, Carbon allocation, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Chemistry, QUERCUS-PETRAEA, FAGUS-SYLVATICA L, Environmental science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

The allocation of carbohydrates to different tree processes and organs is crucial to understand the overall carbon (C) cycling rate in forest ecosystems. Decision rules (DR) (e.g. functional balances and source-sink relationships) are widely used to model C allocation in forests. However, standard DR allocation schemes lack a strong environmental sensitivity and their ability to simulate the year-to-year variability and the impact of extreme events is questioned. In this study, we aimed to compare the performance of a standard DR allocation scheme to the performance of an improved DR allocation scheme taking into account drought-induced changes in allocation dynamics and acclimation of respiration. Model validation was performed against extensive datasets of C fluxes and C pools for a 9 years period (2000-2008) for the site of parameterisation (the beech forest of Hesse, France) and for two contrasting sites not used for parameterisation (the beech forest of Soro, Denmark, for 1999-2006, and Collelongo, Italy, for 2005-2006). At Hesse, 2003 was characterised by a severe and extreme drought and heat wave. The standard DR allocation scheme captured the average annual dynamics of C allocation and wood growth at beech stands with contrasting climate and standing stock. However, the allocation model required high quality GPP input and errors (even modest) in GPP resulted in large errors in the growth of the tree organs lowest in the modelled sink hierarchy (woody organs). The ability of the standard DR allocation model to simulate year-to-year variability was limited. The amended DR allocation scheme improved the annual simulations and allowed capturing the stand growth dynamics at Hesse during the extreme 2003 summer and its important lag effect on next year's wood production. Modelling of drought-induced changes in fine root dynamics and of short-term thermal acclimation of maintenance respiration should not be overlooked when simulating the C cycle of forests, particularly for sites likely to experience extreme drought and heat waves. The most relevant model bias was the inaccurate estimation of leaf biomass production (up to 15%) and a poor description of its interannual variability. Future studies should focus primarily on this limitation. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2013

27. Effect of environmental variables and stand structure on ecosystem respiration components in a Mediterranean beech forest

Author

Paolo De Angelis, Ana Maria Rey, Giorgio Matteucci, Ettore D'Andrea, and Gabriele Guidolotti

Subjects
Canopy, Mediterranean climate, Time Factors, genetic structures, ecosystem respiration, Physiology, Fagus sylvatica, Plant Science, [object Object], total non-structural carbohydrates, Trees, Soil respiration, Soil, Respiration, Fagus, leaf respiration, Beech, Ecosystem, biology, Plant Stems, Ecology, Mediterranean Region, Temperature, Carbon Dioxide, biology.organism_classification, Aerobiosis, Plant Leaves, Agronomy, Italy, Soil water, Environmental science, Ecosystem respiration
Abstract

The temporal variability of ecosystem respiration (RECO) has been reported to have important effects on the temporal variability of net ecosystem exchange, the net amount of carbon exchanged between an ecosystem and the atmosphere. However, our understanding of ecosystem respiration is rather limited compared with photosynthesis or gross primary productivity, particularly in Mediterranean montane ecosystems. In order to investigate how environmental variables and forest structure (tree classes) affect different respiration components and RECO in a Mediterranean beech forest, we measured soil, stem and leaf CO2 efflux rates with dynamic chambers and RECO by the eddy-covariance technique over 1 year (2007-2008). Ecosystem respiration showed marked seasonal variation, with the highest rates in spring and autumn and the lowest in summer. We found that the soil respiration (SR) was mainly controlled by soil water content below a threshold value of 0.2 m(3) m(-3), above which the soil temperature explained temporal variation in SR. Stem CO2 effluxes were influenced by air temperature and difference between tree classes with higher rates measured in dominant trees than in co-dominant ones. Leaf respiration (LR) varied significantly between the two canopy layers considered. Non-structural carbohydrates were a very good predictor of LR variability. We used these measurements to scale up respiration components to ecosystem respiration for the whole canopy and obtained cumulative amounts of carbon losses over the year. Based on the up-scaled chamber measurements, the relative contributions of soil, stem and leaves to the total annual CO2 efflux were: 56, 8 and 36%, respectively. These results confirm that SR is the main contributor of ecosystem respiration and provided an insight on the driving factors of respiration in Mediterranean montane beech forests.

Published
2013
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28. Structural patterns, growth processes, carbon stocks in an Italian network of old-growth beech forests

Author

Ettore D'Andrea, Alfredo Di Filippo, Marco Lauteri, Giorgio Matteucci, Luigi Hermanin, Tommaso Chiti, Emanuele Ziaco, Michele Baliva, Alfredo Alessandrini, Gianluca Piovesan, Bartolomeo Schirone, Giuseppe Scarascia Mugnozza, and Bruno De Cinti

Subjects
Forest floor, geography, Beech, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Ecology, Carbon sequestration, biology.organism_classification, Old-growth forest, Dendroecology, Basal area, Fagus sylvatica, Forest ecology, Dendrochronology, Environmental science, Carbon stock, Tree-ring, Stable isotopes
Abstract

In the framework of the Project of National Interest (PRIN) “Climate change and forests - Dendroecological and ecophysiological responses, productivity and carbon balance on the Italian network of old-growth beech forests”, 9 old beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forests were sampled in the eastern Alps and in the central Apennines to assess: i) the degree of ‘old-growthness’ on a structural and dendroecological basis; ii) the carbon (C) stocks in the different ecosystem compartments; iii) some ecophysiological traits using stable isotopes. Live and dead tree structure, soil features and C stocks were examined in some among the oldest and less disturbed beech forests in Italy. Furthermore, leaves, litter and wood cores were sampled for concurrent dendroecological, nutrient and stable isotope analysis, to study age structure, disturbance history and medium- and long-term response to climate and ecophysiological traits. In all sampled stands, values of basal area, volume and large trees density reached or exceeded control values reported for European and North American old-growth forests, while total amount of deadwood was generally low, except in two sites. Diameter distribution showed a remarkable differentiation from bimodal to ‘rotated-sigmoid’ curve. In accordance with structural analyses, disturbance chronologies revealed the importance of frequent low-to-moderate events in generating a fine-scale structure, confirming previous results on beech forests. Different degrees of ‘old-growthness’ were identified for Alpine and Apennine beech stands through the ‘structural-based approach’, which proved to be a valid tool for old-growth forests detection. Preliminary results on carbon stocks on a subset of sites indicate that these old-growth forests are relevant carbon reservoirs, with 192-268 MgC ha-1 of total biomass (67-73% aboveground; 27-33% belowground, 4 stands) and 7-21 MgC ha-1 of deadwood. In these stands, also forest floor (excluding deadwood) and soils are stores of relevant amount of carbon (5-9 MgC ha-1 litter layer, 4 stands; 168-420 MgC ha-1 mineral soil, 3 stands). Finally, carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) analysis, a proxy of wateruse efficiency, was applied on tree-ring cores from a subset of sites. The perspectives of this technique for a retrospective ecophysiological interpretation of climate-change impact on old-growth forests were described. Preliminary results obtained within this PRIN project indicate that the reported ecological indicators can be used to produce a description of forest structures and processes driving stand dynamics (‘structural-based approach’). Furthermore, the use of multiple sampling and research techniques and the integration of research groups with complementary expertise can foster deeper understanding of the ecology and dynamics of old-growth forests. L'articolo è disponibile sul sito dell'editore http://www.aisf.it/

Published
2010

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