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1. The RIBES strategy for ex situ conservation: conventional and modern techniques for seed conservation

Author

Magrini S., Bonomi C., Bacchetta G., Bedini G., Borzatti A., Boscutti F., Carasso V., Carta A., Casavecchia S., Casolo V., Ceriani R., Cristaudo A., Di Cecco V., Di Martino L., Digangi I., Fabrini G., Guglielmo F., Mariotti M., Negri V., Porceddu M., Villani M., Zappa E., Salmeri C., Magrini S., Bonomi C., Bacchetta G., Bedini G., Borzatti A., Boscutti F., Carasso V., Carta A., Casavecchia S., Casolo V., Ceriani R., Cristaudo A., Di Cecco V., Di Martino L., Digangi I., Fabrini G., Guglielmo F., Mariotti M., Negri V., Porceddu M., Villani M., Zappa E., and Salmeri C.

Subjects
conservation strategy, seed/spore research, Settore BIO/02 - Botanica Sistematica, Settore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale E Applicata, Italian flora, Plant Science, priority lists, seed banks
Abstract

The Italian seed bank network (RIBES) aims to improve the quality and safety of the germplasm reserves of native plant species in Italy to ensure the long-term conservation of endangered and/or endemic flora. The strategy includes traditional methods to secure seed conservation. A comprehensive priority list for seed collection is being defined, it was prepared by crossing data of various checklists (red lists, endemics) and will soon be cross-referenced with an updated list of accessions of the whole network. A safety-backup program of duplicates will quickly be implemented to secure the conservation of the most threatened species in at least two seed banks of the network. On the other hand, the RIBES strategy also includes research by applying modern techniques. In collaboration with the Millennium Seed Bank, research on the storage behaviour of seeds and spores through thermal analysis is ongoing to inform conservation. Using the Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), we could evaluate seed lipid properties such as glass transition temperature, melting, crystallization, oxidation behaviour, and thermal stability. Finally, RIBES participates as a co-funder in the LIFE Nature project SEEDFORCE, coordinating 11 seed banks of the network for collecting seeds/spores of 29 threatened species of EU interest.

Published
2022

2. The RIBES strategy for ex situ conservation: conventional and modern techniques for seed conservation.

Author

Magrini, S., Bonomi, C., Bacchetta, G., Bedini, G., Borzatti, A., Boscutti, F., Carasso, V., Carta, A., Casavecchia, S., Casolo, V., Ceriani, R., Cristaudo, A., Di Cecco, V., Di Martino, L., Digangi, I., Fabrini, G., Guglielmo, F., Mariotti, M., Negri, V., and Porceddu, M.

Subjects
GLASS transition temperature, SEED harvesting, NATIVE plants, ENDANGERED plants, DIFFERENTIAL scanning calorimetry, ENDANGERED species, SEEDS
Abstract

The Italian seed bank network (RIBES) aims to improve the quality and safety of the germplasm reserves of native plant species in Italy to ensure the long-term conservation of endangered and/or endemic flora. The strategy includes traditional methods to secure seed conservation. A comprehensive priority list for seed collection is being defined, it was prepared by crossing data of various checklists (red lists, endemics) and will soon be cross-referenced with an updated list of accessions of the whole network. A safety-backup program of duplicates will quickly be implemented to secure the conservation of the most threatened species in at least two seed banks of the network. On the other hand, the RIBES strategy also includes research by applying modern techniques. In collaboration with the Millennium Seed Bank, research on the storage behaviour of seeds and spores through thermal analysis is ongoing to inform conservation. Using the Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), we could evaluate seed lipid properties such as glass transition temperature, melting, crystallization, oxidation behaviour, and thermal stability. Finally, RIBES participates as a co-funder in the LIFE Nature project SEEDFORCE, coordinating 11 seed banks of the network for collecting seeds/spores of 29 threatened species of EU interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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5. The conservation of the Italian Crop Wild Relatives in the RIBES seed-banks: first data to establish national inventories and conservation priorities

Author

Magrini, S, Atzeri, P, Bacchetta, G, Bedini, G, Carasso, V, Carta, A, Ceriani, R, Ciancaleoni, S, Di Martino,L, Di Santo, M, Fabrini, G, Forte, L, Gratani, L, Negri, V, Porceddu, M, SALMERI, Cristina Maria Bernardina, Sarigu, R, SCIALABBA, Anna, Taffetani, F, Villani, MC, Zappa, E, Mariotti, M., Magrini, S, Atzeri, P, Bacchetta, G, Bedini, G, Carasso, V, Carta, A, Ceriani, R, Ciancaleoni, S, Di Martino,L, Di Santo, M, Fabrini, G, Forte, L, Gratani, L, Negri, V, Porceddu, M, Salmeri, C, Sarigu, R, Scialabba, A, Taffetani, F, Villani, MC, Zappa, E, and Mariotti, M

Subjects
Settore BIO/01 - Botanica Generale, CWR, Crop wild relatives, Italian flora, RIBES, seed bank, crop wild relatives, conservation, Settore BIO/02 - Botanica Sistematica, Crop Wild Relatives, CWR, Seed Banks, germplasm, Seed Banks, germplasm, ex situ
Abstract

The authors present the updated results of such census in the Italian Seed Bank Network for native species conservation (RIBES) with an analysis of the contribution to the conservation of the Italian FAO priority CWR. Finally, a national priority list for conservation of CWRs was drawn up and proposed here.

Published
2016

6. The conservation of the endemic Crop Wild Relatives in the RIBES seed-banks: towards a national priority list for the Italian CWRs

Author

Magrini, S., Atzeri, P., Bacchetta, G., Bedini, G., Carasso, V., Carta, A., Ceriani, R., Ciancaleoni, S., Di Martino, L., Di Santo, M., Fabrini, G., Forte, L., Gratani, L., Negri, V., Porceddu, M., Salmeri, C., Sarigu, R., Scialabba, A., Taffetani, F., Villani, M., Zappa, E., Mariotti, M., Magrini, S, Atzeri, P, Bacchetta, G, Bedini, G, Carasso, V, Carta, A, Ceriani, R, Ciancaleoni, S, Di Martino,L, Di Santo, M, Fabrini, G, Forte, L, Gratani, L, Negri, V, Porceddu, M, Salmeri, C, Sarigu, R, Scialabba, A, Taffetani, F, Villani, MC, Zappa, E, and Mariotti, M

Subjects
Settore BIO/01 - Botanica Generale, CWR, RIBES seed-banks, Settore BIO/02 - Botanica Sistematica, Crop Wild Relatives, CWR, Seed Banks, endemic plants, conservation, conservation, crop wild relatives, Italian CWRs listed, Seed Banks, endemic plants, Crop Wild Relatives, Banche del germoplasma, Crop Wild Relatives, Endemic, Ribes
Abstract

Data of 620 crop wild relatives of species of food and fodder interest listed in the Annex I of the FAO Treaty (FAO, 2001) were collected within the census carried out by ISPRA, the Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, in 2014-2015 in order to quantify the extent of CWR representation in the Italian ex situ collections. According to such census, the RIBES network preserve 37% of the Italian CWRs listed in the FAO Treaty: in 14 out of 16 seed-banks are preserved 6,029 accessions of 229 CWR taxa, belonging to 11 families and 57 genera.

Published
2016

9. SERUM -GLUTAMYL-TRANSPEPTIDASE ISOFORMS IN ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEASE

Author

BELLINI, M., primary, TUMINO, E., additional, GIORDANI, R., additional, FABRINI, G., additional, COSTA, F., additional, GALUI, R., additional, RUCCO, M., additional, BELCARI, C., additional, MICHELASSI, C., additional, MURRI, L., additional, MALTINTI, G., additional, and MARCHI, S., additional

Published
1997
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11. IDPlanT: the Italian database of plant translocation

Author

Fabrizio Buldrini, Filippo Amato, Graziano Rossi, Rossella De Andreis, Rodolfo Gentili, Luigi Minuto, Maria Luisa Borettini, Claudia Angiolini, Giuseppe Fabrini, Silvia Sau, Mirella Di Cecco, Marcello De Vitis, Claudio Magnani, Giulia Albani Rocchetti, Gianluigi Bacchetta, Bruno Enrico Leone Cerabolini, Alessandra Luzzaro, Mauro Mariotti, Aldo Schettino, Franco Rainini, C. Santini, Giampiero Ciaschetti, Marco Landi, Ilaria Bonini, Gianpietro Giusso del Galdo, Angelino Congiu, Mauro Villa, Paolo Castagnini, Angela Deidda, Gabriele Gheza, Alfredo Maccioni, M. F. Crescente, Loretta Gratani, Anna Geraci, Enrico Banfi, Marco D'Antraccoli, A. Bonito, Roberto Crosti, Arianna Amadori, Tonino Loi, Sandra Citterio, F Mantino, Maria Elena Palumbo, Angelo Troia, Sara Magrini, Umberto Clementi, Alba Cuena, Valentino Martinelli, Gaetano Giuseppe La Placa, Lorenzo Peruzzi, Martina D’Agostino, Lisa Brancaleoni, Claudia Alessandrelli, Silvia Paola Assini, Sonia Ravera, Carmelo Gentile, Laura Varone, Angelino Carta, Roberto Fiorentin, Renato Gerdol, Elena Zappa, Luca Paoli, Luciano Di Martino, Maria Silvia Pinna, Simone Orsenigo, Giuseppe Noto, Nicola Sanna, R. M. Ceriani, Rita Accogli, Fabio Conti, Alessandro Silvestre Gristina, Salvatore Pasta, Carlo Dessì, Luigi Forte, Guido Brusa, Gabriele Galasso, Elisabetta Sgarbi, Giuseppe Garfì, Gianniantonio Domina, Giuseppe Fenu, Valter Di Cecco, Daniele Dallai, Donatella Cogoni, Savino Mastrullo, Thomas Abeli, Bruno Foggi, Domitilla Nonis, Fabrizio Bartolucci, Emmanuele Farris, Rosario Schicchi, Francesca Carruggio, Pietro Medagli, Simon Pierce, Attilio Di Giustino, Saverio Sciandrello, Abeli T., D'Agostino M., Orsenigo S., Bartolucci F., Accogli R., Albani Rocchetti G., Alessandrelli C., Amadori A., Amato F., Angiolini C., Assini S., Bacchetta G., Banfi E., Bonini I., Bonito A., Borettini M.L., Brancaleoni L., Brusa G., Buldrini F., Carruggio F., Carta A., Castagnini P., Cerabolini B.E.L., Ceriani R.M., Ciaschetti G., Citterio S., Clementi U., Cogoni D., Congiu A., Conti F., Crescente M.F., Crosti R., Cuena A., D'Antraccoli M., Dallai D., De Andreis R., Deidda A., Dessi C., De Vitis M., Di Cecco V., Di Cecco M., Di Giustino A., Di Martino L., Di Noto G., Domina G., Fabrini G., Farris E., Fiorentin R., Foggi B., Forte L., Galasso G., Garfi G., Gentile C., Gentili R., Geraci A., Gerdol R., Gheza G., Giusso del Galdo G., Gratani L., La Placa G., Landi M., Loi T., Luzzaro A., Alfredo M., Magnani C., Magrini S., Mantino F., Mariotti M.G., Martinelli V., Mastrullo S., Medagli P., Minuto L., Nonis D., Palumbo M.E., Paoli L., Pasta S., Peruzzi L., Pierce S., Pinna M.S., Rainini F., Ravera S., Rossi G., Sanna N., Santini C., Sau S., Schettino A., Schicchi R., Sciandrello S., Sgarbi E., Gristina A.S., Troia A., Varone L., Villa M., Zappa E., Fenu G., Abeli, T., D'Agostino, M., Orsenigo, S., Bartolucci, F., Accogli, R., Albani Rocchetti, G., Alessandrelli, C., Amadori, A., Amato, F., Angiolini, C., Assini, S., Bacchetta, G., Banfi, E., Bonini, I., Bonito, A., Borettini, M. L., Brancaleoni, L., Brusa, G., Buldrini, F., Carruggio, F., Carta, A., Castagnini, P., Cerabolini, B. E. L., Ceriani, R. M., Ciaschetti, G., Citterio, S., Clementi, U., Cogoni, D., Congiu, A., Conti, F., Crescente, M. F., Crosti, R., Cuena, A., D'Antraccoli, M., Dallai, D., De Andreis, R., Deidda, A., Dessi, C., De Vitis, M., Di Cecco, V., Di Cecco, M., Di Giustino, A., Di Martino, L., Di Noto, G., Domina, G., Fabrini, G., Farris, E., Fiorentin, R., Foggi, B., Forte, L., Galasso, G., Garfi, G., Gentile, C., Gentili, R., Geraci, A., Gerdol, R., Gheza, G., Giusso del Galdo, G., Gratani, L., La Placa, G., Landi, M., Loi, T., Luzzaro, A., Alfredo, M., Magnani, C., Magrini, S., Mantino, F., Mariotti, M. G., Martinelli, V., Mastrullo, S., Medagli, P., Minuto, L., Nonis, D., Palumbo, M. E., Paoli, L., Pasta, S., Peruzzi, L., Pierce, S., Pinna, M. S., Rainini, F., Ravera, S., Rossi, G., Sanna, N., Santini, C., Sau, S., Schettino, A., Schicchi, R., Sciandrello, S., Sgarbi, E., Gristina, A. S., Troia, A., Varone, L., Villa, M., Zappa, E., Fenu, G., Abeli, T, D'Agostino, M, Orsenigo, S, Bartolucci, F, Accogli, R, Albani Rocchetti, G, Alessandrelli, C, Amadori, A, Amato, F, Angiolini, C, Assini, S, Bacchetta, G, Banfi, E, Bonini, I, Bonito, A, Borettini, M, Brancaleoni, L, Brusa, G, Buldrini, F, Carruggio, F, Carta, A, Castagnini, P, Cerabolini, B, Ceriani, R, Ciaschetti, G, Citterio, S, Clementi, U, Cogoni, D, Congiu, A, Conti, F, Crescente, M, Crosti, R, Cuena, A, D'Antraccoli, M, Dallai, D, De Andreis, R, Deidda, A, Dessi, C, De Vitis, M, Di Cecco, V, Di Cecco, M, Di Giustino, A, Di Martino, L, Di Noto, G, Domina, G, Fabrini, G, Farris, E, Fiorentin, R, Foggi, B, Forte, L, Galasso, G, Garfi, G, Gentile, C, Gentili, R, Geraci, A, Gerdol, R, Gheza, G, Giusso del Galdo, G, Gratani, L, La Placa, G, Landi, M, Loi, T, Luzzaro, A, Alfredo, M, Magnani, C, Magrini, S, Mantino, F, Mariotti, M, Martinelli, V, Mastrullo, S, Medagli, P, Minuto, L, Nonis, D, Palumbo, M, Paoli, L, Pasta, S, Peruzzi, L, Pierce, S, Pinna, M, Rainini, F, Ravera, S, Rossi, G, Sanna, N, Santini, C, Sau, S, Schettino, A, Schicchi, R, Sciandrello, S, Sgarbi, E, Gristina, A, Troia, A, Varone, L, Villa, M, Zappa, E, and Fenu, G

Subjects
threatened plant, Assisted colonisation, data-sharing, plant conservation, plant reintroduction, population reinforcement, threatened plants, Ambientale, Chromosomal translocation, Plant Science, Computational biology, Data sharing, Geography, assisted colonisation, data-sharing, plant conservation, plant reintroduction, population reinforcement, threatened plants, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

IDPlanT is the Italian Database of Plant Translocation, an initiative of the Nature Conservation Working Group of the Italian Botanical Society. IDPlanT currently includes 185 plant translocations. The establishment of a national database on plant translocation is a key step forward in data sharing and techniques improvement in this field of plant conservation. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2021.1985004.

Published
2021

12. A pragmatic and prudent consensus on the resurrection of extinct plant species using herbarium specimens

Author

Gianpietro Giusso del Galdo, Gabriele Galasso, Giulia Caneva, Andrea Mondoni, Giuseppe Fabrini, Domenico Gargano, Gianluigi Bacchetta, Thomas Abeli, Lorenzo Peruzzi, Alfred Mayer, Mauro Iberite, Giuseppe Fenu, Giulia Albani Rocchetti, Sara Magrini, Simone Orsenigo, B. Foggi, Charles C. Davis, C Nepi, Albani Rocchetti, G., Davis, C., Caneva, G., Bacchetta, G., Fabrini, G., Fenu, G., Foggi, B., Galasso, G., Gargano, D., Giusso del Galdo, G., Iberite, M., Magrini, S., Mayer, A., Mondoni, A., Nepi, C., Orsenigo, S., Peruzzi, L., and Abeli, T.

Subjects
natural history collections, herbaria, natural history collection, social sciences, Plant Science, biodiversity loss, old diaspores, seed longevity, species resurrection, Biology, humanities, old diaspore, biodiversity lo, Herbarium, Botany, Plant species, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Herbaria may represent remarkable sources of viable diaspores for recovering lost genetic variation and extinct plant species, but the application of rewilding extinct species using these collections has not been explored in detail. De-extinction in plants may be achieved by germinating viable diaspores or culturing tissues preserved in herbarium specimens. Germination of old diaspores (fruits, seeds, spores) preserved in sub-optimal uncontrolled storage conditions demonstrates that the recovery of extinct plants from herbarium specimens may be possible. Plant de-extinction via herbarium specimens relies on the availability of samples containing viable diaspores, and on the inclination of curators and the conservation community to use such material for this purpose. We developed an internet-based survey to assess (i) whether the scientific community would consent to the use of herbarium specimens of extinct species to attempt de-extinction, and (ii) the limitations of removing diaspores from specimens. Despite the risk of potential damages to valuable specimens from historical collections when harvesting diaspores, a consensus for using specimens of extinct plant species emerged. Most respondents would permit the collection of a low number of diaspores, preferably from duplicate specimens and only if the integrity of the specimen is preserved. These considerations would be more restrictive for type specimens and those of historical value. These results help to formalise a decision framework for the grant and use of material from natural history collections and a pragmatic approach to attempt to resurrect extinct species from herbarium specimens.

Published
2021

13. Are Red Lists really useful for plant conservation? The New Red List of the Italian Flora in the perspective of national conservation policies

Author

Patrizia Campisi, Liliana Bernardo, L. Miserere, Sara Magrini, Michele Aleffi, Simonetta Peccenini, Lorenzo Peruzzi, Mauro Iberite, Filippo Prosser, Elena Zappa, Sonia Ravera, L. Poggio, Miris Castello, Giuseppe Venturella, T. Wilhalm, Carlo Blasi, Simonetta Bagella, Domenico Gargano, Bruno Foggi, C. Montagnani, Giuseppe Fenu, Annalisa Santangelo, Gianniantonio Domina, Thomas Abeli, M. Bovio, Matilde Gennai, Gianluigi Bacchetta, Giuseppe Fabrini, Francesco Maria Raimondo, Annalena Cogoni, Simone Orsenigo, Maria Cristina Villani, Marta Puglisi, N. Tartaglini, Fabio Conti, Fernando Lucchese, Daniela Gigante, S. Strumia, Alberto Selvaggi, Donatella Cogoni, Enrico V. Perrino, Mirca Zotti, A. Alessandrini, Gianni Bedini, Nicola M. G. Ardenghi, Graziano Rossi, Rodolfo Gentili, Robert P. Wagensommer, Fabrizio Bartolucci, Anna Maria Persiani, Emmanuele Farris, Lucchese, Fernando, Graziano, Rossi, Chiara, Montagnani, Thomas, Abeli, Domenico, Gargano, Lorenzo, Peruzzi, Rossi, G, Montagnani, C, Abeli, T, Gargano, D, Peruzzi, L, Fenu, G, Magrini, S, Gennai, M, Foggi, B, Wagensommer, Rp, Ravera, S, Cogoni, A, Aleffi, M, Alessandrini, A, Bacchetta, G, Bagella, S, Bartolucci, F, Bedini, G, Bernardo, L, Bovio, M, Castello, M, Conti, F, Domina, G, Farrise, Gentili, R, Gigante, D, Peccenini, S, Persiani, Am, Poggio, L, Prosser, F, Santangelo, A, Selvaggi, A, Villani, Mc, Wilhalm, T, Zappa, E, Zotti, M, Tartaglini, N, Ardenghi, Mg, Blasi, C, Raimondo, Fm, Venturella, G, Cogoni, D, Puglisi, M, Campisi, P, Miserere, L, Perrino, Ev, Strumia, S, Iberite, M, Fabrini, G, Orsenigo, S., G., Rossi, C., Montagnani, T., Abeli, D., Gargano, L., Peruzzi, G., Fenu, S., Magrini, M., Gennai, B., Foggi, R. P., Wagensommer, S., Ravera, A., Cogoni, M., Aleffi, A., Alessandrini, G., Bacchetta, S., Bagella, F., Bartolucci, G., Bedini, L., Bernardo, M., Bovio, M., Castello, F., Conti, G., Domina, E., Farri, R., Gentili, D., Gigante, S., Peccenini, A. M., Persiani, L., Poggio, F., Prosser, Santangelo, Annalisa, A., Selvaggi, M. C., Villani, T., Wilhalm, E., Zappa, M., Zotti, N., Tartaglini, N. M. G., Ardenghi, C., Blasi, F. M., Raimondo, G., Venturella, D., Cogoni, M., Puglisi, P., Campisi, L., Miserere, E. V., Perrino, S., Strumia, M., Iberite, F., Lucchese, G., Fabrini, S., Orsenigo, T., Abelia, A., Santangelo, N., Tartaglinia, F. M., Raimondoa, M., Puglisia, P., Campisia, L., Misererea, Strumia, Sandro, Wagensommer, RP, Farris, E, Persiani, AM, Villani, MC, Ardenghi, NMG, Raimondo, FM, Perrino, EV, Lucchese, F, Fabrinit G, Orsenigo, S, Castello, Miri, and G., Fabrinit

Subjects
policy species, Flora, Endemic species, GIS database, IUCN protocol, Italy, policy species, gis database, iucn protocol, endemic species, italy, GIS database, Regional Red List, Plant Science, Biology, red list, Italian flora, Red List Index, IUCN protocollo, Environmental protection, IUCN Red List, Endemic species, IUCN protocol, Italy, Endemism, specie endemiche, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Extinction, Agroforestry, Settore BIO/02 - Botanica Sistematica, endemic species, GIS database IUCN protocol, Itlay, policy specie, policy specie, Endemic specie, Italia, Taxon, GIS banca dati, Threatened species, Settore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale E Applicata, endemismi, GIS banca dati, IUCN protocollo, Italia, policy specie
Abstract

La nuova Lista Rossa della flora Italiana comprende tutte le "policy" specie italiane e altre specie di nota conservazione e comprende 400 taxa di cui il 65% sono minacciate di estinzione. La Lista Rossa si basa su un enorme data-set georeferenziato utile per gli scopi di conservazione. - The New Red List of the Italian Flora includes all the Italian policy species and other species of known conservation concerns for a total of 400 taxa, 65% of which are threatened with extinction. The Red List is based on a huge georeferenced data-set useful for conservation purposes.

Published
2013

14. Best practices, errors, and perspectives of half a century of plant translocation in Italy.

Author

D'Agostino M, Cao Pinna L, Carboni M, Assini S, Bacchetta G, Bartolucci F, Brancaleoni L, Buldrini F, Carta A, Cerabolini B, Ceriani RM, Clementi U, Cogoni D, Conti F, Crosti R, Cuena-Lombraña A, De Vitis M, Di Giustino A, Fabrini G, Farris E, Fenu G, Fiorentin R, Foggi B, Forte L, Garfì G, Gentili R, Giusso Del Galdo GP, Martinelli V, Medagli P, Nonis D, Orsenigo S, Paoli L, Pierce S, Pinna MS, Rainini F, Ravera S, Rossi G, Schettino A, Schicchi R, Troìa A, Varone L, Zappa E, and Abeli T

Subjects
Italy, Plants genetics, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Conservation of Natural Resources methods
Abstract

Conservation translocations are becoming common conservation practice, so there is an increasing need to understand the drivers of plant translocation performance through reviews of cases at global and regional levels. The establishment of the Italian Database of Plant Translocation (IDPlanT) provides the opportunity to review the techniques used in 186 plant translocation cases performed in the last 50 years in the heart of the Mediterranean Biodiversity Hotspot. We described techniques and information available in IDPlanT and used these data to identify drivers of translocation outcomes. We tested the effect of 15 variables on survival of translocated propagules as of the last monitoring date with binomial logistic mixed-effect models. Eleven variables significantly affected survival of transplants: life form, site protection, material source, number of source populations, propagation methods, propagule life stage, planting methods, habitat suitability assessment, site preparation, aftercare, and costs. The integration of vegetation studies in the selection of suitable planting sites significantly increased the success of translocation efforts. Although posttranslocation watering had a generally positive effect on translocation outcome, other aftercare techniques did not always increase transplant survival. Finally, we found that how funds were spent appeared to be more important than the actual amount spent. Plant translocations in Italy and in the Mediterranean area should account for the complexity of speciation, gene flow, and plant migrations that has led to local adaptations and has important implications for the choice and constitution of source material., (© 2024 Society for Conservation Biology.)

Published
2024
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15. Modular RNA motifs for orthogonal phase separated compartments.

Author

Stewart JM, Li S, Tang AA, Klocke MA, Gobry MV, Fabrini G, Di Michele L, Rothemund PWK, and Franco E

Subjects
Nanostructures chemistry, Biomolecular Condensates metabolism, Biomolecular Condensates chemistry, Nucleic Acid Conformation, Organelles metabolism, RNA chemistry, RNA metabolism, RNA genetics, Nucleotide Motifs, Aptamers, Nucleotide chemistry, Aptamers, Nucleotide metabolism, Aptamers, Nucleotide genetics
Abstract

Recent discoveries in biology have highlighted the importance of protein and RNA-based condensates as an alternative to classical membrane-bound organelles. Here, we demonstrate the design of pure RNA condensates from nanostructured, star-shaped RNA motifs. We generate condensates using two different RNA nanostar architectures: multi-stranded nanostars whose binding interactions are programmed via linear overhangs, and single-stranded nanostars whose interactions are programmed via kissing loops. Through systematic sequence design, we demonstrate that both architectures can produce orthogonal (distinct and immiscible) condensates, which can be individually tracked via fluorogenic aptamers. We also show that aptamers make it possible to recruit peptides and proteins to the condensates with high specificity. Successful co-transcriptional formation of condensates from single-stranded nanostars suggests that they may be genetically encoded and produced in living cells. We provide a library of orthogonal RNA condensates that can be modularly customized and offer a route toward creating systems of functional artificial organelles for the task of compartmentalizing molecules and biochemical reactions., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Published
2024
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16. Serum gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase isoforms in alcoholic liver disease.

Author

Bellini M, Tumino E, Giordani R, Fabrini G, Costa F, Galli R, Rucco M, Belcari C, Michelassi C, Murri L, Maltinti G, and Marchi S

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Fatty Liver, Alcoholic diagnosis, Fatty Liver, Alcoholic enzymology, Female, Humans, Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic diagnosis, Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic enzymology, Liver Diseases, Alcoholic enzymology, Liver Function Tests, Male, Middle Aged, Reference Values, Isoenzymes blood, Liver Diseases, Alcoholic diagnosis, gamma-Glutamyltransferase blood
Abstract

gamma-Glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma GT) appears in serum in multiple forms; their significance and clinical utility in hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases are still a matter of controversy. Electrophoretic separation of the multiple forms of gamma GT on agarose gel was performed in 20 alcoholic patients (six with cirrhosis and 14 with fatty liver) and the results compared with those obtained in 50 healthy volunteers, 43 patients affected with chronic hepatitis C, 36 patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis and in 52 epileptic patients on long-term anti-epileptic medication. Multiple forms of gamma GT were separated into several bands (up to 11), labelled 0a, 0b, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b. In the alcoholic patients nine fractions were detected, and the electrophoretic pattern observed was significantly different from that observed in healthy volunteers and in patients with chronic hepatitis C or posthepatitic cirrhosis. No differences were observed in the electrophoretic patterns in the alcohol abusers and epileptic patients. In alcoholic patients significant differences were observed in the electrophoretic patterns in relation to the degree of liver injury; the electrophoretic patterns in patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis and posthepatitic cirrhosis differed significantly. The separation of multiple forms of gamma GT has high sensitivity and good reproducibility. It may be proposed as a complementary test in the diagnosis of alcoholic liver disease.

Published
1997
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