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This survey paper focuses on Pakistani Anglophone literary narratives that examine the multiple identities of victimized women as opposed to the commonly endorsed essentialist and reductive argument that is too easily conscripted into post-9/11 global discourses surrounding women of colour. In the context of the global hegemony of Western scholarship, my purpose in this paper is to foreground the simultaneous liberation and subjection, centricity and marginality, of Pakistani women. I argue that it is important to situate third world women's subjection as well as agency in relation to the class, regional, ethnic and religious diversities that inform the degree and nature of freedom and constraints that women experience. In addition to this, urban, rural, tribal and feudal environments also inform the plurality of victimized identities as well as of women's agency. Against this backdrop, I read Pakistani literary narratives as acts of breaking through the Eurocentric monopolization of a reductive one-dimensional image of the Muslim world by emphasizing the need to situate the subjectivities of Pakistani women within community-based relationships and responsibilities, both of which have intrinsic value in Muslim culture. In so doing, I emphasize the importance of incorporating in these dominant discourses an exclusively Pakistani-Muslim feministic perspective that considers and claims pluralistic alternatives. Keywords: Pakistani fiction, agency, subjection, community-based relationships, third world women, Introduction This survey paper focuses on Pakistani Anglophone literary narratives that figure out the multiple identities of victimized women as opposed to the commonly endorsed essentialist and reductive argument that [...]

This article proposes a parallel reading of Robert Walser's novel Jakob von Gunten (1909) and W G. Sebald's 'Ambros Adelwarth' from the collection Die Ausgewanderten (1992), set oft against an [...]

This essay examines embodied representations of the past in two of the most popular penny serials of the 1840s, G. W. M. Reynolds's The Mysteries of London and James Malcolm Rymer's Varney the Vampyre; or, The Feast of Blood. The cadaverous 'Resurrection Man' of The Mysteries and Sir Francis Varney the Vampire--both villains figured as irrepressible, resurrected corpses--corporealize the inescapable return of personal and political history. Functioning as shadowy doubles of their serials' virtuous heroes, these corpse-villains trouble melodramatic distinctions between virtue and vice, and their own deeply contradictory histories disrupt their novels' engagements with historical presence and historical agency., This paper considers representations and uncanny transformations of the corpse--an object poised between the human and the non-human--in two of the most popular penny serials of the 1840s: George William [...]

This article presents a comparative study of Matthew Arnold's 1854 poem "The Scholar-Gipsy" and Anita Desai's 1978 story "Scholm" and Gypsy". Arnold's poem contrasts the single-minded integrity of his central [...]

The article explores the integral role played by servants and shopkeepers in Henry James' fiction of the late 1890s, arguing that this depiction of lower-class life indicates James's interest in consciousness. It demonstrates that these characters provide the protagonists a fixed scale by which to measure the growth of their own consciousness.

Das Erdbeben in Chili (1807), like so many of Heinrich von Kleist's eerily fascinating texts, has been read and reread from a multitude of theoretical angles with reliance upon countless [...]

Le pere comme archetype litteraire du roman autochtone d'Amerique du Nord peut etre vu comme une victime issue du processus de colonisation et connue comme le proverbial 'indien disparu'. L'auteure [...]

An opinion that reading girls' fiction such as Kathy Martin series or Nancy Drew series does not have a lasting ideological impact on the readers later in life is presented.

There was a silence. Something real was happening: this was, as it were, her life. If she could keep that in mind she would be able to play it through, [...]

Henry James's 'The Papers' (1903) is found to be among the first works of fiction to identify changing conceptions of intimacy brought about by new communication technologies. A number of conversations involving unspoken intimacy intimate that the lesson of 'The Papers' is that intimacy with people one do not know is far easier to establish than intimacy with people one do know.

George Meredith's use of broken syntax or his explorations in Dot-and-Dashland is examined. His enchantment with the unarticulated and inarticulate, as well as his attitudes toward transcription is presented.

Herman Melville's essaying of narrative structure and symbol in 'Moby-Dick' is demonstrated by linking it to Mary Shelley's 'Frankenstein' and Thomas Bangs Thorpe's 'The Big Bear of Arkansas'. It showed that Romance was a mode of writing that he adopted during a particular state in his creativity leading to the discovery of the relation of self and other as well as a strategy for reaching an audience.

Daniele Benati e degli anni che si occupa di letteratura, ha tradotto Joyce, Tony Cafferky, Flann O'Brien, ha tradotto Beckett in dialetto reggiano, ha pubblica--to un racconto in Narratori delle [...]

A sense of terror underlies the seemingly uneventful daily life of Morgana, Mississippi. Terror--surprisingly, perhaps, one of Eudora Welty's favorite words--governs much of the psychological existence of human beings in [...]

ABSTRACT This paper traces the transformation of Hausa popular fiction, a genre created predominantly by young Muslim Hausa of Northern Nigeria. It specifically explores the interface between creative fiction and [...]

Eliza Haywood's novel 'The History of Miss Betsy Thoughtless' published in 1751, is a novel about the development of a female mind and its triumph over a consumerist environment, and relies extensively upon death as an organizing principle. The novel demonstrates the extent to which monolithic structures of mourning like the tomb exclude women from expressions of grief and leave only melancholia as the only authentic mode of mourning available to them.

The fiction of Rick Moody has shown a consistent interest in the subject of adolescence from Garden State to The Black Veil. It is in adolescence that Moody dramatizes important [...]

I want to begin with a claim so basic it scarcely needs to be made: Hemingway's early stories--those of In Our Time and Men Without Women--are full of sick and [...]

Though Baudelaire's 'Dedicace Arsene Houssaye' provides a dubious manifesto of the prose poem genre, (1) it more importantly builds a network of repeated images and allusions from which, along with [...]

This article discusses the manner in which politics, science, and biography were portrayed in the fiction of C.P. Snow. Topics include imagery, communism, and academia.

Cynthia Ozick established the prevailing critical context for interpreting her fiction when she rather controversially claimed that no fiction produced by Jews in the Diaspora has had lasting value except [...]

From the seventies onwards, francophone African women writers have published a steady stream of novels exploring the highs and lows of the human condition. With good reason, critics have seen [...]

This article discusses the manner in which women are portrayed in the works of Nathaniel Hawthorne. Topics include New England history, social class, sex role, and internal narrative.

IN A RECENT (1996) INTERVIEW WITH HILIT YESHURUM, an Israeli journalist and translator, Mahmud Darwish, a leading Palestinian poet, discussed the indefinable borderlines between Israeli Jewish and Israeli Arab identities. […]

The fiction of David Foster Wallace as antidote to postmodern irony is examined, focusing on Wallace's admiration of 19th-century English poet Gerard Manley Hopkins, who created original poetic forms within a disciplined structure. Topics include the responsibility writers owe readers and Wallace's novel, 'The Infinite Jest.'

This article defines 'literary materiality' and discusses how it is portrayed Martial's fiction. Topics include irony, social criticism, genre, poetics, and satire.

Among the several ways of looking at Alexandria, one is represented by Edmund Keeley's critical book, Cavafy's Alexandria, which condemns the city as 'squalid.' Another approach, even less generous and [...]

Part of the resonance of John Updike's Rabbit saga comes from the cast of characters that continues to reappear in the novels, either directly or through flashback. By braiding and [...]

The question of blame in Emilia Pardo Bazan's La madre naturaleza is considered in the light of Foucault's opposition between a society based on spectacle and one based on panopticism. According to Discipline and Punish, the spectacle yielded to the panopticism as the bourgeoisie wrested power from the monarchy. Don Pedro, 'king' of the Pazos de Ulloa, it is argued, runs his estate in accordance with Foucault's account of monarchical spectacle and although Pardo Bazan depicts this affectionately, it is shown to contribute to the protagonists' misfortunes. Thus, the author gives fictional form to her ambivalence towards Spain's need to modernize itself., The role played by propositions in Michel Foucault's notion of panopticism in Discipline and Punish, is examined., La madre naturaleza is the story of a no-win situation: Manuela and Perucho's love is doomed and even if Gabriel Lage had never gone to the Pazos and brought matters [...]

Narrative 'voice' in the novel is discussed, focusing on how voice can illuminate differences between narrative theory and novel theory in literary criticism. Writers discussed include Salman Rushdie, Toni Morrison, Christa Wolf, and Gustav Flaubert, and critics discussed include Georg Lukacs, M.M. Bakhtin, and Fredric Jameson.

An argument is presented supporting a redefinition of the novel as a genre to allow a broader interpretation of narrative, or metanarrative, which encompasses a wide range of social values, cultures, and points of view.

An analysis is presented on the novel both as a literary genre and as a simple format of writing, using defining traits evinced by Ian Watt in 'The Rise of the Novel'. Topics include character development, audience demand and value of content versus market strategy.

An analysis is presented on the ass novel, or the literary theme of negative metamorphosis of the work's central character, and its exploration of race and social class. Topics include the African historical figure Apuleius, whose narrative defending his lineage may have been a model for Laurence Sterne's work, 'The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman'.

An analysis is presented on the literary audience's tendency to believe in the veracity of a narrative if it is presented in epistolary form, using the works of author Aphra Behn. Topics include the historical status of personal letters as a format for conveying the actual, or true events, and the emphasis on subjective experience as a defining characteristic of the novel.

A selection of 18th-century paintings is presented portraying the act of reading, and interpretations are made regarding how literature was received and assimilated by audiences. Comparisons are made between reading for enlightenment and for entertainment, and the value of non-fictive works and the novel.

An exploration is presented on private subjectivity as a defining characteristic of the novel, as supported by Ian Watt in 'The Rise of the Novel', published in 1957. Topics include narration as an authentic report of experience, rather than an overemphasized expression of emotion.

A comparison is presented between the 18th-century novel and the 19th-century novel, focusing on development of narrative realism, dialogical energy and complexity of character as defined in Ian Watt's 1957 publication 'The Rise of the Novel'.

A comparison is presented between the works of author Mary Davys, which championed non-fictive literature, and the historically evident popularity of the novel as a literary genre. Topics include marketing toward the audience's uncertainty regarding true accounts and author invention during the emergence of the genre.

An analysis is presented on the effects of social class on literary preference, drawing from 'The Rise of the Novel' by critic Ian Watt. The discussion focuses on how individual circumstances direct one's relationship to reality and fiction, and how this in turn classifies the individual within both a social group and a literary audience.

An evaluation is presented on literary critic Ian Watt's 'The Rise of the Novel', published in 1957. Topics include the accessibility of tracing the novel's origins and its development along with historiographic and epistemological contexts.

An argument is presented supporting author Daniel Defoe as a legitimate contributor to the voice of the female character in literature. The argument is based on literary critic Ian Watt's definition of character and narrative realism in his 1957 publication, 'The Rise of the Novel'.

An overview is presented on the genre of the novel, focusing on criticism of author Daniel Defoe and methodologies presented by literary critic Ian Watt. It is posited that criticism should not be compartmentalized based on assumptions of the writer's intention, but should acknowledge that writers could intend contradictory or incompatible interpretations.