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Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is a high-density lipoprotein-associated enzyme that exhibits antioxidant and antiatherogenic activities. We examined a possible association between T172A (L55M) and T(-107)C polymorphisms and rheumatoid arthritis. These polymorphisms were determined in 88 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 78 healthy subjects, using the tetra-amplification refractory mutation system-PCR method. The prevalence of the PON1 55MM genotype was significantly greater among rheumatoid arthritis patients (17%) when compared to control subjects (5.2%) (odds ratio (OR) = 3.75; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.87-11.8, P = 0.025). In addition, the M allele was more frequent in rheumatoid arthritis patients (40%) than in healthy subjects (24.7%) (OR = 1.997; 95%CI = 1.243-3.210, P = 0.005). There were no significant differences in the -107C/T polymorphism in the promoter sequence of PON1 between rheumatoid arthritis and normal subjects (chi(2) = 0.861, P = 0.650). In conclusion, the PON1 55MM genotype is a risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis.

Decreased paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity has been associated with rheumatoid arthritis. There are two polymorphisms in serum PON1; one differs in the amino acid at position 192 (Q192R) and the other one differs at position 55 (L55M). We looked for a possible association between Q192R polymorphism and rheumatoid arthritis. The Q192R polymorphism in 88 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 78 healthy subjects was determined using tetra amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods. We found no significant differences between rheumatoid arthritis patients and control subjects regarding PON1 Q192R polymorphism. PON1 Q192R polymorphism was not found to be correlated with increased risk for rheumatoid arthritis in this Iranian population.