Search

Soil researchers are interested in a gaining better understanding of the soil system state by analyzing its properties and their dynamics in time as well as in relation to land use change. Tilled, abandoned, and forest soils were assessed regarding attribute–response relationships for the bulk density (BD), total porosity (TP), volumetric moisture (θv), and penetration resistance (PR) with the use of the interquartile ratio (IRI) integrated into a resilience formula and Shannon entropy indices. The IRI results differentiated soil properties according to agrotechnics (wheel track vs. between wheels) and the state of the system (tilled vs. abandoned vineyard). Entropy (En) indicated a high level of uncertainty for PR. The linear regression applied to the pairs of BD-TP, TP-θv, and PR-θv showed better results for the IRI weight (IRIweight) compared to the entropy weight (Enweight) for the soil between the wheels. The soil of the abandoned vineyard showed a faster tendency toward resilience that was more pronounced in the tilled wheel tracks than in the area between the wheels. The IRI can thus be an alternative to entropy in the evaluation of the response of some soil properties according to their use. When integrated into a resilience formula, the IRI can estimate the dynamics of soil properties for abandoned land compared to reference soil.

Unfavourable trends have been identified in the evolution of climate factors (temperatures, precipitation, etc.) over the past years, with a direct impact on the vegetative and productive potential of the vine. This calls for a reassessment of climate resources and the adaptation of cultivation technologies to the new conditions. Our paper analyses the climate data recorded between 1991 and 2020 for the Iaşi vineyard ecosystem, which allowed for the calculation of a series of bioclimatic indices and coefficients, deviations from the multiannual average values, soil moisture dynamics, and their influence on development of vegetation phenophases and grape production. The increasing tendency of the average annual temperature and the decreasing amounts of precipitation registered point to a marked warming of the vineyard climate, especially after 2000. The high values of temperatures, corroborated with the soil water deficit, determined an intensification of the atmospheric and pedological drought, a shift in vegetation phenophases, shortened development periods and a forced ripening of grapes, with a negative impact on yields, which fluctuated from one year to another. The analysis of the ecoclimate conditions over the past 30 years has highlighted an alternation of periods, a colder and wetter one between 1991 and 2006, and a warmer and dried one between 2007 and 2020.

The quality of any wine is intrinsically dependent on the quality and composition of the grapes used to produce it. In traditional winemaking countries such as Germany and France, wine quality is determined by geographic origin or the terroir of the wine. The aim of the present research is to determine the quality of wines from the main vineyards of Romania. In terms of quality rating, they display particular characters of the varieties, as well as the ecoclimatic conditions and ecopedological influence on the quality of wine. The work offers new information on the quality of the white wines obtained in main vineyards of Romania, useful for their promotion and marketing. The variation of the physico-chemical characteristics and elemental concentration represents a strong geological marker for wines geographical traceability.

In Romania, the vine farms are currently spread on approximately 180.000 ha, therefore an important part of biodiversity, functional or planned is present. To avoid a biodiversity decline it is necessary for the vineyards to have a clear evidence of the state of their biodiversity. Based on the results obtained from the studied vineyards, during 2015, the agro-ecological infrastructure or AEI percent based on the actual area occupied varies between 7% and 35%. Evaluation of the implementation AEI during 2015 in wine-growing farms in Romania showed that the amount of semi-natural elements is not sufficient to stop the loss of biodiversity and their quality needs to be favored also.

Vines act as indicators in relation ecoclimatic changes and they are particularly sensitive to temperature changes. Temperature is a limiting factor and define the distribution area for all plants. The main objective of this paper is to present the climatic conditions such as temperature, insolation, rainfall and cloudiness of Romanian main vineyards (Dealu Bujorului, Murfatlar, Târnave, Iași, Ștefănești-Argeși). The thermal balance with the highest values was recorded in Murfatlar vineyard having a value of 5288 (Σtg), the active thermal balance (Σta) 4815, and the useful thermal balance (Σtu) 2514. Insolation and precipitations are in normal parameters for viticulture. The highest values of the real heliothermic index (IHr), hydrothermal coefficient (CH) and wine bioclimatic index (Ibcv) were recorded in Murfatlar vineyard (IHr=4.1; CH=0.8 and Ibcv=11.4). The result show that the ecoclimatic conditions from the studied vineyards are favorable, that makes possible the production of both red and white wines of high quality in these areas.