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11 results on '"Giavarini, Flavio"'

1. Ellagitannins from Castanea sativa Mill. Leaf Extracts Impair H. pylori Viability and Infection-Induced Inflammation in Human Gastric Epithelial Cells

Author

Piazza, Stefano, primary, Martinelli, Giulia, additional, Fumagalli, Marco, additional, Pozzoli, Carola, additional, Maranta, Nicole, additional, Giavarini, Flavio, additional, Colombo, Luca, additional, Nicotra, Giovanna, additional, Vicentini, Silvia Francesca, additional, Genova, Francesca, additional, De Fabiani, Emma, additional, Sangiovanni, Enrico, additional, and Dell’Agli, Mario, additional

Published
2023
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3. On the Redox-Activity and Health-Effects of Atmospheric Primary and Secondary Aerosol: Phenomenology

Author

Costabile, Francesca, primary, Decesari, Stefano, additional, Vecchi, Roberta, additional, Lucarelli, Franco, additional, Curci, Gabriele, additional, Massabò, Dario, additional, Rinaldi, Matteo, additional, Gualtieri, Maurizio, additional, Corsini, Emanuela, additional, Menegola, Elena, additional, Canepari, Silvia, additional, Massimi, Lorenzo, additional, Argentini, Stefania, additional, Busetto, Maurizio, additional, Di Iulio, Gianluca, additional, Di Liberto, Luca, additional, Paglione, Marco, additional, Petenko, Igor, additional, Russo, Mara, additional, Marinoni, Angela, additional, Casasanta, Gianpietro, additional, Valentini, Sara, additional, Bernardoni, Vera, additional, Crova, Federica, additional, Valli, Gianluigi, additional, Forello, Alice Corina, additional, Giardi, Fabio, additional, Nava, Silvia, additional, Pazzi, Giulia, additional, Prati, Paolo, additional, Vernocchi, Virginia, additional, La Torretta, Teresa, additional, Petralia, Ettore, additional, Stracquadanio, Milena, additional, Zanini, Gabriele, additional, Melzi, Gloria, additional, Nozza, Emma, additional, Iulini, Martina, additional, Caruso, Donatella, additional, Cioffi, Lucia, additional, Imperato, Gabriele, additional, Giavarini, Flavio, additional, Battistoni, Maria, additional, Di Renzo, Francesca, additional, Frezzini, Maria Agostina, additional, Perrino, Cinzia, additional, and Facchini, Maria Cristina, additional

Published
2022
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4. Ribes nigrum Leaf Extract Preferentially Inhibits IFN-γ-Mediated Inflammation in HaCaT Keratinocytes

Author

Magnavacca, Andrea, Piazza, Stefano, Cammisa, Anna, Fumagalli, Marco, Martinelli, Giulia, Giavarini, Flavio, Sangiovanni, Enrico, and Dell’Agli, Mario

Subjects
keratinocytes, Ribes nigrum, skin, QD241-441, blackcurrant leaves, inflammation, TSLP, Organic chemistry, IFN-γ, Article
Abstract

Ribes nigrum L. (blackcurrant) leaf extracts, due to high levels of flavonols and anthocyanins, have been shown to exhibit beneficial effects in inflammatory diseases. However, whereas their traditional use has been investigated and validated in several models of inflammation and oxidative stress, the possible impact on skin disorders is still largely unknown. The purpose of this work was to elucidate the effects of R. nigrum leaf extract (RNLE) on keratinocyte-derived inflammatory mediators, elicited by a Th1 or Th2 cytokine milieu. HaCaT cells were challenged with TNF-α, either alone or in combination with the costimulatory cytokines IFN-γ or IL-4, and the release of proinflammatory cytokines and mediators (IL-8, IL-6, s-ICAM-1, and TSLP) was evaluated. The results showed that RNLE preferentially interferes with IFN-γ signaling, demonstrating only negligible activity on TNF-α or IL-4. This effect was attributed to flavonols, which might also account for the ability of RNLE to impair TNF-α/IL-4-induced TSLP release in a cAMP-independent manner. These results suggest that RNLE could have an antiallergic effect mediated in keratinocytes via mechanisms beyond histamine involvement. In conclusion, the discovery of RNLE preferential activity against IFN-γ-mediated inflammation suggests potential selectivity against Th1 type response and the possible use in Th1 inflammatory diseases.

Published
2021

5. Gut Microbiota Functional Dysbiosis Relates to Individual Diet in Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis

Author

Baragetti, Andrea, primary, Severgnini, Marco, additional, Olmastroni, Elena, additional, Dioguardi, Carola Conca, additional, Mattavelli, Elisa, additional, Angius, Andrea, additional, Rotta, Luca, additional, Cibella, Javier, additional, Caredda, Giada, additional, Consolandi, Clarissa, additional, Grigore, Liliana, additional, Pellegatta, Fabio, additional, Giavarini, Flavio, additional, Caruso, Donatella, additional, Norata, Giuseppe Danilo, additional, Catapano, Alberico Luigi, additional, and Peano, Clelia, additional

Published
2021
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6. Schwann Cell Autocrine and Paracrine Regulatory Mechanisms, Mediated by Allopregnanolone and BDNF, Modulate PKCε in Peripheral Sensory Neurons

Author

Bonalume, Veronica, primary, Caffino, Lucia, additional, Castelnovo, Luca F., additional, Faroni, Alessandro, additional, Giavarini, Flavio, additional, Liu, Sheng, additional, Caruso, Donatella, additional, Schmelz, Martin, additional, Fumagalli, Fabio, additional, Carr, Richard W., additional, and Magnaghi, Valerio, additional

Published
2020
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8. A Case Report of Accidental Intoxication following Ingestion of Foxglove Confused with Borage: High Digoxinemia without Major Complications

Author

Negroni, Maria Silvia, Marengo, Arianna, Caruso, Donatella, Tayar, Alessandro, Rubiolo, Patrizia, Giavarini, Flavio, Persampieri, Simone, Sangiovanni, Enrico, Davanzo, Franca, Carugo, Stefano, Colombo, Maria Laura, and Dell’Agli, Mario

Subjects
Article Subject
Abstract

Foxglove (Digitalis purpurea L.) leaves are frequently confused with borage (Borago officinalis L.), which is traditionally used as a food ingredient. Due to the presence of the cardiac glycosides, mostly digitoxin, foxglove leaves are poisonous to human and may be fatal if ingested. A 55-year-old Caucasian woman complaining weakness, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting was admitted to the Emergency Department. Her symptoms started following consumption of a home-made savory pie with 5 leaves from a plant bought in a garden nursery as borage. Digoxinemia was high (10.4 μg/L). The patient was admitted to the cardiac intensive care unit for electrocardiographic monitoring. Two days after admission, a single episode of advanced atrioventricular (AV) block was recorded by telemetry, followed by a second-degree AV block episode. Plasma samples at day 11 were analysed by LC-MS spectrometry, and gitoxin was identified suggesting that this compound may be responsible for the clinical toxicity rather than digoxin. In the case of Digitalis spp. poisoning, laboratory data should be interpreted according to the clinical picture and method of analysis used since a variety of glycosides, which are chemically similar to the cardioactive glycosides but without or with fewer cardiac effects, may be incorrectly recognized as digoxin by the test, giving misleading results.

Published
2019
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9. MOESM2 of Interplay between Plasmodium falciparum haemozoin and l-arginine: implication for nitric oxide production

Author

Corbett, Yolanda, D’Alessandro, Sarah, Parapini, Silvia, Scaccabarozzi, Diletta, Kalantari, Parisa, Zava, Stefania, Giavarini, Flavio, Caruso, Donatella, Colombo, Irma, Egan, Timothy, and Basilico, Nicoletta

Subjects
parasitic diseases
Abstract

Additional file 2. Measurement of urea levels in BMDM treated with malarial hemozoin.

Published
2018
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10. Interplay between Plasmodium falciparum haemozoin and l-arginine: implication for nitric oxide production.

Author

Scaccabarozzi, Diletta, Zava, Stefania, Giavarini, Flavio, Caruso, Donatella, Colombo, Irma, Corbett, Yolanda, D'Alessandro, Sarah, Parapini, Silvia, Basilico, Nicoletta, Kalantari, Parisa, and Egan, Timothy J.

Abstract

Background: Plasmodium falciparum haemozoin, a detoxification product of digested haemoglobin from infected erythrocytes, is released into the bloodstream upon schizont rupture and accumulates in leukocytes. High levels of haemozoin correlate with disease severity. Some studies have shown that concentrations of the substrate of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), l-arginine, as well as nitric oxide are low in patients infected with P. falciparum malaria. The present study investigates, in vitro, the role of P. falciparum haemozoin on nitric oxide production, iNOS expression in macrophages, and the possible interaction between l-arginine and haemozoin. Methods: Plasmodium falciparum haemozoin was obtained from in vitro cultures through magnetic isolation. Phagocytosis of haemozoin by immortalized bone marrow derived macrophages was detected by confocal reflection combined with fluorescence microscopy. Nitrite concentrations in the supernatants was evaluated by Griess assay as a standard indication of nitric oxide production, while iNOS expression was detected on cell extracts by western blotting. Detection of l-arginine in haemozoin-treated or untreated media was achieved by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Results: Haemozoin synergizes in vitro with interferon-gamma to produce nitric oxide. However, when mouse macrophages were stimulated with haemozoin, a proportional increase of nitric oxide was observed up to 25 μM of haemozoin, followed by a decrease with doses up to 100 μM, when nitric oxide release was completely abrogated. This was not due to reactive oxygen species production, nor to an effect on iNOS activity. Interestingly, when at 24 h, haemozoin-treated macrophages were washed and incubated in fresh medium for further 24 h, the nitric oxide production was restored in a dose–response manner. Similar results were seen when l-arginine-enriched media was used in the stimulation. Moreover, muramyldipeptide, a strong nitric oxide inducer, was unable to activate macrophages to release nitric oxide in the presence of haemozoin-treated medium. By LC–MS/MS a complete depletion of l-arginine was observed in this haemozoin-treated, conditioned medium. Conclusions: It is proposed that haemozoin interacts with l-arginine reducing its availability for iNOS, and thus decreasing nitric oxide production. The clinical (or pathological) implications of these results are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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11. Mass spectrometry and DNA sequencing are complementary techniques for characterizing hemoglobin variants: the example of hemoglobin J-Oxford.

Author

Caruso D, Crestani M, Da Riva L, Mitro N, Giavarini F, Mozzi R, and Franzini C

Subjects
Adult, Codon genetics, Female, Hemoglobin J genetics, Humans, Mutation, Hemoglobin J chemistry, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
Abstract

Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (MS) allows the characterization of most hemoglobin variants and can sometimes be a useful tool to narrow down DNA sequencing analysis. As an example, we report a case of hemoglobin variant J-Oxford, characterized by MS and DNA sequencing analysis.

Published
2004

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