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2D transition metal borides (MBenes) with abundant surface terminals hold great promise in molecular sensing applications. However, MBenes from etching with fluorine‐containing reagents present inert ‐fluorine groups on the surface, which hinders their sensing capability. Herein, the multilayer fluorine‐free MoBTx MBene (where Tx represents O, OH, and Cl) with hydrophilic structure is prepared by a hydrothermal‐assisted hydrochloric acid etching strategy based on guidance from the first‐principle calculations. Significantly, the fluorine‐free MoBTx‐based humidity sensor is fabricated and demonstrates low resistance and excellent humidity performance, achieving a response of 90% to 98%RH and a high resolution of 1%RH at room temperature. By combining the experimental results with the first‐principles calculations, the interactions between MoBTx and H2O, including the adsorption and intercalation of H2O, are understood first in depth. Finally, the portable humidity early warning system for real‐time monitoring and early warning of infant enuresis and back sweating illustrates its potential for humidity sensing applications. This work not only provides guidance for preparation of fluorine‐free MBenes, but also contributes to advancing their exploration in sensing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In China, the invasion of Spartina alterniflora is an important driver for the decrease of mangrove area and ecological service functions related to this habitat. In the past few decades, S. alterniflora clearing and mangrove restoration projects have mainly focused on the areas where it is already changed but ignored the potential distribution areas. This study suggested that implementation of mangrove protection prior to the areas with the threat of S. alterniflora invasion could greatly improve protection efficiency and save costs. Thus, using Maximum Entropy Modeling (MaxEnt), we estimated the potential spatial distribution of both mangroves and S. alterniflora in China, considering the current distribution data, topographical, sediments, sea surface temperature and bioclimatic variables. What's more, we identified and calculated the potential distributed areas in each province. We aimed to explore (i) the key factors determining the distribution of mangrove and Spartina alterniflora along the coastline and (ii) the hotspots of their competitive occurrence, including S. alterniflora invasion areas and mangroves degradation areas, in order to support mangrove conservation. The model showed that the distance to the coastline and the topography play important roles in the distribution of S. alterniflora, while mangroves were more sensitive to the range of the annual sea surface temperature. Our results furthermore confirm that S. alterniflora has a wider potential distribution area (~10,585 km2) than mangroves (~9124 km2) at the coastline of China; and predict the provinces Zhangzhou, Quanzhou, Zhanjiang, Beihai and Wenzhou as hotspots for the competition between mangroves and S. alterniflora. We propose that priority should be given to the protection or restoration of mangrove plants in those areas which are co-suitable for mangroves and S. alterniflora. In these areas, management measures should be conducted that hinder S. alterniflora invasions or clear existing S. alterniflora plants, firstly. This study provides guidance for the management of native species by preventing biological invasion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite significant advances in lung cancer treatment, cisplatin (DDP)-based chemotherapy remains a cornerstone for managing the disease. However, the prevalence of chemoresistance presents a major challenge, limiting its effectiveness and contributing to poor outcomes. This underscores the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies to overcome chemoresistance and improve chemotherapy efficacy in lung cancer patients. Exploring approaches to sensitize tumors to cisplatin could enhance treatment responses and overall survival rates., Methods and Results: Our study utilized a variety of lung cancer models, including cell lines, mouse models, and patient-derived organoids, to validate the synergistic cytotoxic effects of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) and cisplatin (DDP). When combined with DDP, we demonstrate that DHA is a promising therapeutic agent that effectively triggers ferroptosis in lung cancer cells, offering a potential strategy for overcoming chemoresistance. Mechanistically, the combination of DHA and DDP synergistically enhances ZIP14 expression, modulating iron homeostasis and upregulating oxidative stress, leading to both in vitro and in vivo ferroptosis. Notably, our findings revealed that the sequential administration of DDP followed by DHA significantly increases ZIP14 expression and induces superior therapeutic outcomes compared to the simultaneous administration or DHA followed by DDP. This observation underscores the importance of the drug administration order in optimizing treatment efficacy, providing new insights into enhancing chemotherapy response in lung cancer., Conclusion: Our findings suggest that combining dihydroartemisinin (DHA) with cisplatin (DDP) presents a promising strategy to overcome chemoresistance in lung cancer patients. Importantly, administering DHA during chemotherapy intervals could further optimize treatment outcomes, enhancing the overall efficacy of lung cancer chemotherapy., (© 2024 The Author(s). Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

2D transition metal borides (MBenes) with abundant surface terminals hold great promise in molecular sensing applications. However, MBenes from etching with fluorine-containing reagents present inert -fluorine groups on the surface, which hinders their sensing capability. Herein, the multilayer fluorine-free MoBT x MBene (where T x represents O, OH, and Cl) with hydrophilic structure is prepared by a hydrothermal-assisted hydrochloric acid etching strategy based on guidance from the first-principle calculations. Significantly, the fluorine-free MoBT x -based humidity sensor is fabricated and demonstrates low resistance and excellent humidity performance, achieving a response of 90% to 98%RH and a high resolution of 1%RH at room temperature. By combining the experimental results with the first-principles calculations, the interactions between MoBT x and H 2 O, including the adsorption and intercalation of H 2 O, are understood first in depth. Finally, the portable humidity early warning system for real-time monitoring and early warning of infant enuresis and back sweating illustrates its potential for humidity sensing applications. This work not only provides guidance for preparation of fluorine-free MBenes, but also contributes to advancing their exploration in sensing applications., (© 2024 The Author(s). Advanced Science published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

The luminal-to-basal transition in mammary epithelial cells (MECs) is accompanied by changes in epithelial cell lineage plasticity; however, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we report that deficiency of Frmd3 inhibits mammary gland lineage development and induces stemness of MECs, subsequently leading to the occurrence of triple-negative breast cancer. Loss of Frmd3 in PyMT mice results in a luminal-to-basal transition phenotype. Single-cell RNA sequencing of MECs indicated that knockout of Frmd3 inhibits the Notch signaling pathway. Mechanistically, FERM domain-containing protein 3 (FRMD3) promotes the degradation of Disheveled-2 by disrupting its interaction with deubiquitinase USP9x. FRMD3 also interrupts the interaction of Disheveled-2 with CK1, FOXK1/2, and NICD and decreases Disheveled-2 phosphorylation and nuclear localization, thereby impairing Notch-dependent luminal epithelial lineage plasticity in MECs. A low level of FRMD3 predicts poor outcomes for breast cancer patients. Together, we demonstrated that FRMD3 is a tumor suppressor that functions as an endogenous activator of the Notch signaling pathway, facilitating the basal-to-luminal transformation in MECs.

NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) C609T gene polymorphisms have been reported to influence the risk for esophageal cancer (EC) in many studies. However, the results remain controversial and ambiguous. We performed a meta-analysis, which included 13 independent studies with a total of 2357 subjects, to examine the association between NQO1 C609T polymorphism and EC. The association was assessed by five different gene models. The overall analysis suggested that the variant allele and genotypes were significantly related to increased risk of EC (odds ratio [OR] T versus C = 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.95-1.40, probability of rejection [POR] = 0.014; OR TT versus CC = 1.32, 95% CI 1.01-1.73, POR = 0.045; OR TC versus CC = 1.32, 95% CI 0.98-1.21, POR = 0.128; OR TT + TC versus CC = 1.10, 95% CI 1.00-1.20, POR = 0.05; OR TT versus CC + TC = 1.26, 95% CI 0.95-1.57, POR = 0.103). Sensitivity analysis confirmed the reliability of these findings. Our study shows that individuals carrying the NQO1 C609T variant allele and genotypes are more susceptible to EC., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest statement: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.