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Enquadramento: A prestação de cuidados continuados em contexto domiciliar promove a saúde e a autonomia dos utentes, contribuindo para a diminuição dos custos em saúde, pelo que assegurar a sua acessibilidade é fulcral. Objetivo: Identificar determinantes passíveis de melhoria no acesso a cuidados continuados em contexto domiciliário. Metodologia: Estudo transversal, descritivo, exploratório e misto, apoiado no modelo conceptual de acesso a cuidados de saúde de Levesque et al. (2013). Numa primeira fase, foram realizadas 4 entrevistas semi-estruturadas a profissionais de saúde com vasta experiência em cuidados continuados. Na segunda fase, foram analisadas 123 respostas ao questionário aplicado a profissionais de saúde que exercem funções em Equipas de Cuidados Continuados Integrados (ECCI). Resultados: Os participantes consideraram que, das dimensões “proximidade”, “aceitabilidade”, “capacidade e acomodação” e “adequabilidade”, os determinantes com maior influência se enquadravam nas dimensões de proximidade e aceitabilidade, e identificaram maior capacidade de intervenção nos determinantes presentes nas dimensões de proximidade e adequabilidade. Conclusão: Para um melhor acesso a cuidados continuados em contexto domiciliário, demonstrou-se prioritário intervir na literacia em saúde, na disponibilização de informação sobre as ECCI e o processo de referenciação, bem como na adequabilidade dos cuidados.

Purpose Medication nonadherence is a significant and multidimensional problem contributing to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Inconveniences in pharmacy and home contexts may increase nonadherence. This research examined inconveniences in pharmacy and home contexts associated with self-reported nonadherence, controlling for demographic and medication-taking covariates. Methods Data from 4682 individuals who reported self-managing medications in an online marketing survey between October and December 2017 were analyzed in this secondary analysis. Nonadherence was dichotomized using a single question about likelihood to take medications as prescribed (adherence=always; nonadherence=most of the time, some of the time, never). Multivariable logistic regression with backwards elimination was used to examine the pharmacy (use of home delivery, number prescriptions picked up and visits to pharmacy) and home context (method used to organize/manage medications, satisfaction, and bother with management) variables and the demographic (age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, income, insurance) and medication (number of oral medications, medication changes and frequency of taking) covariates associated with nonadherence. Results Overall, 25.8% of the responses indicated nonadherence. Nonadherence was more likely for individuals making fewer separate pharmacy trips (OR 0.98; 95% CI 0.97-0.99); picking up fewer prescriptions (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.93-0.99); never, rarely or sometimes using mail order compared with always (OR 1.71; 95% CI 1.30-2.26); not satisfied with managing medications (OR 2.13; 95% CI 1.42-3.19); and using pill pouches and being bothered by them (OR 8.28; 95% CI 1.83-37.31). Using pill pouches or a pillbox and not being bothered by them significantly decreased nonadherence likelihood. Younger and female respondents and those reporting medication changes in the last year were also more likely to report nonadherence. Conclusion Though reasons for nonadherence are multidimensional, this study suggests that inconveniences in both the pharmacy and home context are important. Improving adherence requires addressing issues of inconvenience across the care continuum.

As admissões hospitalares têm aumentado, sendo que a taxa de reinternamento hospitalar aumentou aproximadamente 8%. É fundamental adotar medidas que visem diminuir estes valores e consolidem uma transição efetiva entre cuidados de saúde primários e hospitalares. Este artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar uma ferramenta para reduzir os reinternamentos hospitalares dos utentes com fragilidade, em contexto domiciliário, com recurso ao Transitional Care Model (TCM). O trabalho é de natureza quantitativa, descritiva e exploratória, segundo a metodologia do processo de planeamento em saúde, aplicação no domicílio da Edmonton Frail Scale, Escala de Quedas de Morse e ainda a aplicação de questionário sociodemográfico. A amostra é constituída por 37 utentes, 78,4% mulheres, 100% reformados, 67,6% de classe baixa, 91,8% tiveram, pelo menos, uma ida ao serviço de urgência hospitalar, 97,3% apresentam médio a elevado risco de queda, 63% com fragilidade moderada a severa. Considerando a elevada fragilidade do idoso no domicílio, a aplicação deste modelo permitirá reduzir as barreiras existentes entre os níveis de cuidados, com ganhos em saúde bem como custo-efetividade pela redução do número de dias de internamento. Teremos, assim, a prevenção de complicações e melhoria da gestão da doença crônica através da aplicação de um novo modelo de gestão de cuidados.

Discrepancies in early mathematical knowledge between children from different socioeconomic backgrounds have been found before the start of kindergarten. The early home environment is one context that can address these discrepancies. This study examined whether an informal mathematical activity that has been successful at promoting children’s numerical knowledge could be translated into a home activity for families from lower-income backgrounds. Families from Head Start programs (n = 39) were randomly assigned to play either a numerical magnitude comparison game or a shape and color matching game. Results showed that playing the numerical magnitude comparison game did not improve children’s numerical knowledge, although playing the shape and color matching game did improve children’s shape knowledge. However, parental reports of the frequency of game playing at home related to children’s learning from both games. Analyses of audio recordings of the families playing the games at home revealed there was wide variability in how parents assisted the children during the card game play. Results are discussed in terms of the benefits and challenges of mathematical interventions targeting the home context.

Objective: To (1) examine the potentiality of using the robot PARO to mediate care provided by the family and (2) identify problems when utilizing PARO in the home context. Methods: Family members of 7 households were asked to use PARO for at least three times per week, over 1 to 3 months. Research data, including standardized assessments, interviews, and observations, were collected at initial and subsequent monthly visits. Collected data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and inductive thematic content analysis. Results: Out of the seven participants, five responded positively to PARO, thereby achieving their goals of improving activity engagement, relaxation, a respite from supervision, and improved mood. A positive initial interaction with PARO showed continued interest to it. Participants were observed to communicate with caregivers and relate to PARO. Discussion: The application of PARO at home is possibly influenced by the persons’ initial level of interest toward PARO. It is crucial to perform careful observation and assessment before deciding to use PARO within the home context to support the life of older persons with dementia.

Objectives: To investigate potential effects and acceptability of a theoretically driven hydration intervention (DRInK-Up), on the prevalence of urinary tract infections (UTIs), falls and emergency admissions in care home residents. Methods: A single group pre-post evaluation design to test the DRInK-Up intervention, to increase fluid intake by 200-400ml daily. The number of UTIs, falls and emergency hospital admissions for each resident recorded over the DRInK-Up intervention period were compared to rates in the 24 weeks prior. A qualitative investigation of experiences of DRInK-Up was undertaken using focus group interviews with care home staff to determine acceptability. Results: 24 care home residents took part in the intervention. There was a clinically meaningful, but non-statistically significant reduction in number of treated UTIs during the intervention period from 51 UTIs pre-DRInK-Up to 37 post-DRInK-Up (t= .498, 18df, p=0.625). The volume of fluid intake recorded was not correlated with number of UTIs (r= 0.103, p=.676). Falls reported dropped from 52 pre- to 28 post-intervention (t=3.148, df 19, p=0.005). Emergency admissions did not change. Focus group interviews suggested goal setting was uncommon and took the form of externally generated targets for fluid intake rather than negotiated goals. Barriers to increasing fluid intake included resident-related factors or arose from the care home context. A range of facilitators included verbal persuasion, praise and reward. Conclusion: The DRInK-Up study provides preliminary evidence suggesting that increasing daily fluid intake by small amounts may have a potentially positive effect on number of UTIs experienced and number of falls in frail older care home residents. Further research is needed.

Background: Sensory processing disorder is now recognised as a core feature of autism spectrum disorder that influences children’s adaptive behaviours, which, in turn, may interfere with their participation in life situations. This study describes the process of developing a technological platform, in the form of an app, to help families regulate children with ASD, aged 3–6 years old, by applying sensory strategies to improve the child’s participation in daily routines in the home context. (2) Methods: A focus group formed by four specialised occupational therapists who intervene with children with ASD was selected in order to understand and discuss content that should be included in the app. At a later stage, a group of three was involved to ensure quality and veracity in technological platform elaboration. (3) Results: The purpose of the app, named Regul-A, is to help parents regulate children with ASD regarding their participation in home routines. The sensory strategies provided by the focus group in the three major occupations of the child were the first results obtained, followed by the development of the app structure. (4) Conclusions: The next phase of the study will be the use of the platform by families of children with ASD and occupational therapists. It is believed that, in the future, Regul-A will be used as a tool to gather, analyse and manage data on the occupational performance of children with ASD in the home context, particularly for activities of daily living, sleep, rest and play, facilitating the implementation of strategies and the sharing of information between parents and occupational therapists info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The Breakthrough Series Quality Improvement Collaborative (QIC) initiative is a well-developed and widely used approach, but most of what we know about it has come from healthcare settings. In this article, those leading QICs to improve care in care homes provide detailed accounts of six QICs and share their learning of applying the QIC approach in the care home sector. Overall, five care home-specific lessons were learnt: (i) plan for the resources needed to support collaborative teams with collecting, processing, and interpreting data, (ii) create encouraging and safe working environments to help collaborative team members feel valued, (iii) recruit collaborative teams, QIC leads, and facilitators who have established relationships with care homes, (iv) regularly check project ideas are aligned with team members&rsquo, job roles, responsibilities, and priorities, and (v) work flexibly and accept that planned activities may need adapting as the project progresses. These insights are targeted at teams delivering QICs in care homes. These insights demonstrate the need to consider the care home context when applying improvement tools and techniques in this setting.

ADHD symptoms show considerable individual variation in the contexts in which they are expressed. It has previously been proposed that subtyping individuals according to the contexts in which symptoms are expressed may be clinically useful. We examined context-based patterns of ADHD symptoms in a longitudinal cohort study of n = 1388 children, as well as context-specific and context-general predictors of symptoms. Participants were community-ascertained and provided ADHD symptom data at ages 7, 9, and 11. Using growth mixture modelling we identified five inattention and five hyperactivity/impulsivity categories that differed in the developmental patterns of symptoms reported by parent and teacher informants. We found some evidence that context-specific predictors were related to context-specific expressions. Specifically, after controlling for other risk factors for ADHD symptoms, relationships with teachers predicted school-specific (teacher-reported) but not home-specific (parent-reported) symptom levels. However, no subtypes defined by exclusively home-based symptoms emerged, suggesting that while symptoms may sometimes be specific to the school context, they are only rarely confined to the home context. Subtyping by context could be informative; however, further work will required to uncover the nature of any etiological, functional, or outcome differences between those who show symptom expression in different contexts. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s10578-018-0842-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Combining historical and longitudinal comparative case methodologies for nine nascent EMNCs over 12 years, we explain how their evolving relationship to a hyper turbulent home country motivates largely unplanned yet aggressive internationalization. Firms progressively mitigate the damaging effects of their rapidly deteriorating home context by pursuing a sequence of three institutional arbitrage modes. They first arbitrage rents to stabilize their rocky domestic operations, then arbitrage values to safeguard their threatened core identity, and finally arbitrage scales to transcend their limited growth prospects. The induced stepwise process of internationalization yields similar patterns for purely domestic firms, exporters, and foreign direct investors.

A partir do Projeto de Extensão “Um olhar sobre o cuidador familiar: quem cuida merece ser cuidado”, realizado com 52 cuidadores de pacientes crônicos dos Serviços de Atenção Domiciliar no sul do Rio Grande do Sul, objetivou-se relatar a experiência da identificação das fases de adaptação do processo de cuidar e intervenções realizadas aos cuidadores no contexto domiciliar. Por meio de quatro visitas domiciliares por acadêmicos de Enfermagem e da Terapia Ocupacional, no período de junho de 2015 a dezembro de 2016, produziu-se registros, nos quais a fase de resolução foi a mais frequente e a escuta terapêutica foi a intervenção mais realizada. Assim, a identificação das fases de adaptação de Ferré-Grau et al. (2011) possibilitou conhecer as necessidades do cuidador e o planejamento de ações de promoção de saúde e prevenção de agravos.

The authors thank the parents and teachers for their participation in this study. Especially to the teachers of the CEIP Ntra. Sra. Del Prado de Talavera de la Reina, Toledo (Spain) and CEIP Parque de las Infantas, Granada (Spain)., The aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Assessment of Sensory Processing and Executive Functions at the School (EPYFEI-Escolar), a questionnaire designed to assess the sensory processing and executive functions as underlying processes for school participation. The total sample consisted of 536 children aged between 3 and 11 years old who lived in Spain. A total of 103 teachers completed the questionnaire. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted, which showed five main factors: (1) initiation, organization, execution, and supervision of the action; (2) inhibitory control; (3) sensory processing; (4) emotional self-regulation and play; and (5) self-competence. Some of these factors were similar to those found in the EPYFEI for parents in the home context. The reliability of the analysis was high, both for the whole questionnaire and for the factors it is composed of. The results provide evidence of the potential usefulness of the EPYFEI-Escolar in school contexts for determining academic needs and difficulties of children; moreover, this tool can also be used to plan intervention programs in the school environment according to the needs of each child and school., This study was supported by University of Málaga.

Relatório de Prática Clínica apresentado à Escola Superior de Saúde Dr. Lopes Dias do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Cuidados Paliativos, realizado sob a orientação científica da Doutora Ângela Sofia Lopes Simões. Submitted by Lurdes Grilo (lurdesgrilo@ipcb.pt) on 2019-09-26T10:03:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Luísa Costa_A.pdf: 1640089 bytes, checksum: ad8fa3c1b0a00e5bea118e7698aeee77 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Lurdes Grilo (lurdesgrilo@ipcb.pt) on 2019-09-26T10:04:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Luísa Costa_A.pdf: 1640089 bytes, checksum: ad8fa3c1b0a00e5bea118e7698aeee77 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-09-26T10:06:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Luísa Costa_A.pdf: 1640089 bytes, checksum: ad8fa3c1b0a00e5bea118e7698aeee77 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-07-07

Humans need to understand and trust the robots they are working with. We hypothesize that how a robot moves can impact people's perception and their trust. We present a methodology for a study to explore people's perception of a robot using the animation principle of slow in, slow out---to change the robot's velocity profile versus a robot moving using a linear velocity profile. Study participants will interact with the robot within a home context to complete a task while the robot moves around the house. The participants' perceptions of the robot will be recorded using the Godspeed Questionnaire. A pilot study shows that pilot participants notice the difference between the linear and the slow in, slow out velocity profiles, so the full experiment planned with participants will allow us to compare their perceptions based on the two observable behaviors.

© 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Background: In Australia, most states have residential parenting units that provide parenting support to parents (usually mothers) who are experiencing significant parenting difficulties with their infants or toddlers. The three most common reasons for admission to a residential service are: sleep and settling issues, adjustment to parenting, and feeding issues. Aim: The overall study aim was to explore mothers’ experience of a residential admission, as one tool to increase the “patient (mother) voice” within the residential parenting service and provide a mechanism for staff to understand the impact of their interactions with mothers on the care delivery process. Design: A qualitative descriptive approach and thematic analysis were used. One hundred mothers provided responses to a routinely collected questionnaire that asked about their experience while admitted to one of three residential parenting units. All mothers were eligible to participate. Results: Three major themes were identified: not knowing what to expect; working collaboratively with parents; and facilitating maternal learning. Mothers identified that they had increased parenting confidence levels, and gained new parenting knowledge and skills as an outcome of the residential stay. Conclusions: The value of a residential stay is clearly articulated by the mothers in the stories collected. These themes have affirmed that the residential units are parent-focused. Some mothers were surprised by the nurses’ willingness to listen to their preferences about their child’s care and to work with them adapting interventions to their cultural and home context.

El alta hospitalaria temprana es una estrategia que los servicios de salud están adoptando para resolver los problemas de alta demanda en condiciones de recursos insuficientes. Desafortunadamente, esta estrategia afecta negativamente a los pacientes durante su proceso de recuperación en el hogar. Mientras que la recuperación es tradicionalmente percibida como una responsabilidad propia de los profesionales de la salud, ahora se convierte en una responsabilidad compartida con el paciente, generando a estos últimos una carga emocional adicional. El uso exclusivo de métodos estandarizados durante los controles médicos resulta en una evaluación de la recuperación del paciente que no considera el impacto de los estados emocionales y psicológicos que éste afronta en el contexto de su hogar. Este artículo desglosa el desarrollo de esther 1.0, una herramienta electrónica basada en Método de Muestreo de Experiencia (ESM), que alienta al adulto mayor que se ha sometido a una artroplastia total de cadera (ATC) a auto-reportar sus experiencias durante las primeras semanas de recuperación en casa. Este artículo describe la evaluación emocional de un paciente con ATC y hace una reflexión sobre el valor de capturar este conocimiento para el desarrollo de ayudas profesionales que van más allá de una recuperación meramente clínica-funcional.

Digital stories are short personal films made up of a series of still images with voiceover, music and text. The technical barriers to creating such stories are falling with the use of mobile apps which make it easy to assemble story elements as audiophoto narratives on a smartphone or tablet. In this case study, we explored the potential of mobile digital storytelling in a care home context. It was used for four weeks as form of multimedia communication between formal and informal carers inside and outside the home, and a care home resident suffering from dementia. The home was located in Sao Carlos, Brazil as part of a larger international project called Time Matters (UK and Brazil), in which Time stands for ‘This is me’. Fifteen digital stories were made by participants in the trial, which is about one for every visit of the researchers to the care home. Stories focused mainly on the resident; capturing aspects of everyday life discussed in Visit conversations (4), documenting Social events (3) inside or outside the home, recording Therapy sessions (3) with the resident or Health reports (3) by professional carers, and forming Media albums (2) of the residents’ art or life. In general, the technology was most useful for facilitating richer conversations with the resident and other participants, and stimulating greater expressivity and creativity in the resident herself. The desire to document the resident’s current life and interests in the home for later reminiscence by their family, stands in contrast to conventional reminiscence therapy and related digital systems. These use media artefacts to stimulate reminiscence of residents’ past life outside the home.

The number of people with dementia is increasing rapidly. As a result, care has to be extended towards the home context. This increases the burden on both informal caregivers and persons affected by dementia. To support these people more effectively, technology could play an important role. However, it proves to be challenging to involve them in user-centred research with this purpose. Therefore, there is a need for more research approaches that gather first-hand experiences with technology from people with dementia directly. This research presents a personal evaluation game method, used in the home context to study assistive technology as experienced by its users. In parallel, a questionnaire was applied to explore the difference in data and experiences between both methods. In the study, 12 households participated, each with a person diagnosed with dementia and a partner still living with them as their informal caregiver. During a period of 3 weeks, participants experienced a dynamic lighting armature designed to improve the sleep–wake cycle and evaluated it through one of these methods. The results show that the newly developed method manages to capture the first-person perspective, and is a more appropriate research tool for people with dementia. The information gathered with the tool allowed the researchers to capture the daily lives of the participants in detail, mainly due to the diverse types of input. The personal evaluation game shows a first step towards an ecologically valid tool that includes people with dementia directly. As such the method proved to be qualitative and explorative, and able to provide insights into both the technology and the daily lives of people living with dementia.

Children’s interaction with technology is evolving; increasingly there are devices that can capture and respond seamlessly to their everyday activity. This raises pertinent questions such as: how these technologies shape children’s activity; how the data from their activity is used, and to what extent children, and their parents, are cognisant of the technology. This paper examines these questions in light of an emerging technology, the Internet of Things (IoT), by drawing upon three investigations (deskbased, home context, school context) into two commercially successful IoT designs (Skylanders and Disney Infinity). Whilst these particular games are limited in what activity they capture, the research illustrates how the digitalisation of everyday objects (toys) can influence both attitudes and behaviour, and generate potentially revealing data about children’s everyday activity; yet with little reflection from parents or children. Encouragingly, the research also showed children’s potential, with support, not just to understand, but design with this technology.

© 2017 ACM. Reminders are designed to support remembering actions or intentions to be performed later in time. Most technologies that have a reminding functionality do so by asking attention (e.g., by using auditory alerts or vibration patterns) from users at a certain point in time or location. Because of their obtrusive nature, the reminders of many (digital) prospective memory AIDS we use on a daily basis are hard to ignore, regardless of our ability and motivation to perform the reminded action or intention. In this paper, we present Wobble: An interactive cone-shaped artefact for reminding in the home environment. Wobble was designed to investigate peripheral reminders. Our results imply that wobble is best suitable for reminding intentions that do not require direct action but can be carried out over a period of time, which is a type of reminding currently not met by most electronic memory AIDS.

Objective To describe nursing actions implemented in a home context for the needs presented by the families of extremely low birth weight newborns. Methods This convergent care research was carried out with nine families who were visited in their home. For data collection we used semi-structured informal interviews and observation of participants during the first six months after hospital discharge. Data were analyzed using the thematic modality. Results Care needs of families during daily home care were related mainly to doubts and insecurities specific to extremely low birth weight premature babies and the care and guidance required for follow-up of newborns in general. Conclusion Nursing actions in a home context involve child evaluation, guidance, demonstrations, clarifications, referrals, and stimulation for puericulture follow-up with specialists. These actions also include facilitating family empowerment and gradual autonomy of care.

To provide affordable context recognition for general households, this paper presents a novel technique that integrate image-based cognitive Application Program Interface (API) and light-weight machine learning. Our key idea is to regard every image as a document by exploiting "tags" derived by the API. We first present a framework that specifies a common workflow of the machine-learning-based home context recognition. We then propose a pragmatic method that implements the framework using the "image-as-a-document" approach.

In research on educational games, the majority of studies have been executed in controlled school settings: the home as a context in which educational games are played, is still underexplored. However, the home context is becoming more important, as children are increasingly encouraged or even required to engage with learning content at home through educational games. In this article, we describe a study of Monkey Tales, an educational math game targeted at primary school children. Using a combination of a multimodal game analysis and a six-month user study with eight children aged 10 to 11 and their families, we provide a detailed account of how players interpret and appropriate Monkey Tales at home. We investigate to what extent players develop tactics to appropriate the game to suit their personal interests. The study showed that in the home context, respondents used various tactics to avoid educational content. We describe the implications of these appropriation tactics for the generalizability of effectivity research, and for the design of educational games. publisher: Elsevier articletitle: Playing educational math games at home: The Monkey Tales case journaltitle: Entertainment Computing articlelink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.entcom.2016.05.004 content_type: article copyright: © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ispartof: Entertainment Computing vol:16 pages:1-14 status: published

It is now well recognized that patients play an important and active role in self-care and disease management, and many of these activities happen in their homes. Information technologies to support such care might be better used if they were designed taking into account the physical context of the home and the health information management needs of the residents. We conducted home-based interviews of 20 adults including an extensive analysis of their personal health information management (PHIM) tasks. Here we present these task descriptions, locations of their performance, and distribution across space and time. Implications for the informatics community include accommodating the distributed nature of tasks in the design of consumer technologies.

Objective: to investigate the experience of professionals in a Home Care Service with regard to the therapeutic actions promoted to the patient in terminal illness. Method: exploratory research with qualitative approach, guided by the Reporting Qualitative Research – COREQ, held from February to May 2015, in the Home Care Service of a Northeast capital city, in Brazil. The participants were 20 higher level professionals, members of the Multidisciplinary Teams of Home Care. Data were collected through interview technique. Results: from the analysis, it emerged two categories: "Therapeutic actions directed to the biological needs of the terminally ill to promote comfort and quality of life" and "Therapeutic actions promoted to meet the psychosocial and spiritual needs of terminally ill". Conclusion: the interventions highlighted by the professionals were essential to meet the biological, psychosocial and spiritual needs, and reduce the suffering of the terminally ill stigma in the home context.

Some well-known study abroad research fails to mention the date at which data was collected, while other papers aggregate studies undertaken a decade or more apart. This article suggests that the date at which a study was undertaken may significantly impact upon the study abroad context, and in particular that the varying availability and use of electronic communications across time and place can mean very different experiences for the students involved. The argument is illustrated by data from a 2009 questionnaire study of students undertaking a work placement in Dakar, Senegal, West Africa under a continuing programme organised for more than two decades by the University of Portsmouth, UK. The very different patterns of telecommunications development in home and host countries, and the related pattern of use by students abroad, highlight the variability of this element of study abroad context, and suggest areas to explore in subsequent qualitative studies. These include in particular the extent to which, thanks to links with the home environment, students may be physically in a study abroad location, but virtually – that is to say affectively and psychologically – back in the home context, a situation which might be expected to hamper acculturation and social integration, and thus reduce the benefits of the immersion experience.

Objetivo: compreender a vivência do contexto domiciliar na perspectiva dos familiares cuidadores e profissionais de saúde. Método: Teoria Fundamentada em Dados desenvolvida em Serviço de Atendimento Domiciliar, coleta realizada de fevereiro a dezembro de 2016, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, com 22 participantes divididos em dois grupos amostrais. Para a análise dos dados realizou-se codificação substantiva e teórica. Resultados: a compreensão do fenômeno se deu por meio das categorias: ingressando no cuidado domiciliar (causa); inter-relacionando-se com a rede social de apoio (estratégia); expressando percepções acerca da vivência do cuidado (condição interveniente) e experienciando aspectos do contexto domiciliar (consequência). Considerações finais: o fenômeno esclarece que a vivência do contexto domiciliar decorre das condições ambientais e físicas da casa que incluem as condições de higiene e segurança, dos aspectos socioeconômicos, relacionais e culturais das famílias e dos recursos disponíveis para o cuidado provenientes das redes sociais de apoio.

We describe two empirical investigations of three- and four-year-old children’s uses of technology, one conducted in family homes and the other in preschool settings, with the aim of comparing the ways in which children’s learning with technology is supported in these different settings. The studies conceptualise learning within a sociocultural framework and use the concept of guided interaction to focus the discussion. Three areas of learning that can be supported by the use of technologies are outlined (extending knowledge of the world, acquiring operational skills, and developing dispositions to learn), with the addition of learning about the cultural roles of technology in the home context. Both studies took place in Scotland and families were selected according to socioeconomic factors. The first study, of eight preschool settings, involved practitioners in implementing two interventions involving learning with technology. Findings were based on video analysis, interviews with practitioners and a process of guided enquiry. The second study, of children’s homes, involved survey responses from 346 parents and five visits over about fifteen months to an initial 24 case-study families. The article also draws on a discussion with educational experts to discuss the policy and practice implications for transition to school. There were differences in terms of the human and technological resources available, the motivation and opportunities for providing guided interaction and the types of learning that were supported. Children encountered a more diverse range of technologies at home, were more likely to request help and could benefit from observing family practices. The limitations on the technologies available in most preschool settings and their lack of use for authentic activities meant that there were fewer opportunities to develop children’s awareness of the different cultural and work-related uses of technology. Preschool and primary school staff have limited knowledge of children’s home experiences with technology.

The many challenges of distributed communication and the many challenges of intercultural collaboration have been researched and discussed at length in the literature. What is lacking is a combined approach that looks at both issues of distance and diversity in collaboration. We conducted research in a large, multinational technology company to better understand team configurational factors in transnational work. In this case study, we found that the development of social capital is impacted by whether a person is in their home context or transplanted and their expectations based on that context. This has implications for the development of intellectual capital in the team. We highlight factors in the creation of social capital as well as some mechanisms that may mitigate cultural difference. In addition to bringing into focus the challenges that arise in various configurations, this study contributes to the transnational literature by highlighting the importance of local context in diverse collaborations.

system of formal education, usually preschools. Comparatively speaking, however, Japan presents something that is especially problematic in this regard. Shields (1989) suggests that because of the intense indulgence ofJapanese mothers, many observers are mystified by the relative ease of transition of pupils from the highly charged home context to the fully demanding classroom environment. Lewis (1989:140; see also Peak 1991:186) asks about the ways in which "indulged," undisciplined toddlers become attentive, well-disciplined schoolchildren in large classes where subordination of personal needs to group goals is often the dominant norm. Tobin et al. elaborate further by noting that

Summary “Without us there is nothing” – relatives experiences of mental health crisis.As Norway moves toward the provision of home-based crisis response, more knowledge is needed about understandings of mental health crisis and effective ways of addressing crises within the home context. The objective of this study was to explore and learn from relatives’ experiences about the subjective meanings of crisis and meaningful and efficient crisis support. Findings were clustered into three themes: 1) Experiences of rejection and responsibility, 2) Living with contradictions, and 3) The art of balancing openness. The findings indicate that it is crucial to transform the recent knowledge about family and social network involvement in crisis resolution into a new practice. Family and network expect to be treated with reciprocal trust and respect by services, and guidance on how they can help. Least of all they accept discharge to the family without any information or guidance. Neither do they want to be deprived the opportunity to tell their part of the story.&nbsp

We present a methodological variation of cultural probing called playful probing. In playful probing games are developed according to the area investigated, to enhance participants' involvement in the studies. The games are used as additional probing material and enhance participants' involvement. Based on an experimental case study with 40 households participating in a ethnographic study on new forms of media usage in the home context we show how playful probing can successful support users' engagement during the ethnographic study. We found interesting insights, for example the amount of data provided on creative cards doubled for households using the playful probing approach compared to households not using playful probing. Thus the methodological extension seems worth the effort when used in ethnographic studies within the home context.

RESUMO: Estudo exploratório realizado para identificar a prevalência do Estresse Infantil em estudantes de escolas pública e particular, em Santa Luzia – PB, em alunos cursando a 4ª série do ensino fundamental. A coleta de dados foi realizada em abril de 2002, utilizando como instrumento de pesquisa a Escala de Stress Infantil, composto por 35 itens que oferecem condições para identificar os sinais e sintomas de Estresse Infantil em crianças entre seis e quatorze anos. A amostra foi de 67 alunos, onde 40 eram da Escola A e 27 da Escola B, na faixa etária preponderante de 08 a 10 anos. Na distribuição por sexo, 21 alunos na escola A e 14 na escola B eram do sexo feminino. A prevalência de sintomas do estresse infantil foi de 17 alunos em ambas as escolas, dos quais 08 na Escola A e 09 alunos da Escola B. Destes 17 alunos, 2 da Escola A apresentaram reações psicológicas e 01 da Escola B reações psicofisiológicas; 3 da Escola A e 3 da Escola B demonstraram propensão à preocupação excessiva, o que significa indício de vulnerabilidade a obssessividade, e apenas 1 da escola A apresentou vulnerabilidade para somatização. Conclui-se que independentemente da escola, os estudantes apresentaram sinais significativos de estresse infantil que devem ser tratados através de ações psicopedagógicas implantadas e mantidas no contexto familiar e escolar. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Estresse; Saúde Escolar; Enfermagem em Saúde Pública.

A assistência domiciliar é uma realidade no nosso país. O profissional que atua nessa área se insere no contexto do indivíduo e da família, o que leva à necessidade de desenvolver competências ampliadas para além das clínicas. Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar as competências psicossociais dos profissionais que prestam assistência no domicílio. São apresentadas as competências gerais e específicas assim como as necessárias para a proposição de intervenções psicossociais. Como desafio profissional existe a necessidade de conhecer as bases conceituais do modelo psicossocial e buscar a capacitação, nesse modelo, para lidar com as diferentes situações que ocorrem no contexto domiciliar. Home care is a reality in Brazil. The professionals introduce in the context of the person and the family which demands the need to develop new competencies. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate psychosocial competence to the professionals who works in home care. The general and specific professional competencies in home care are showed in order to prepare them to make psychosocial interventions. The professionals challenge is to know the conceptual bases of the psychosocial model and to train on it to work with the different situations that occur in home context. La asistencia domiciliaria es una realidad en nuestro país. El profesional en esta práctica se introduce en el contexto del individuo y de la familia, lo que conlleva la necesidade de desarrollar competencias ampliadas, más allá de las clínicas. Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar las competencias psicosociales del profesional que presta asistencia en el domicilio. Se presentan las competencias generales y relacionales así como las necesarias para proponer intervenciones psicosociales. Como desafío profesional es preciso conocer las bases conceptuales del modelo psicosocial y buscar capacitación, en ese modelo, para lidiar con las diferentes situaciones que suceden en el contexto domiciliario.

This is a qualitative research, aiming to understand the care experimented by the family member caregivers in the home context, in their relationship with nurse, and also, to describe the actions and interactions performed with the nurse in this context. Interviews with family member caregivers linked with three health institutions that rend home assistance were recorded. Data analysis was based on Symbolic Interactionism and Grounded Theory. Thus, this study helped to understand the need of nurse’s work and the relationship developed through nursing care actions, visualizing the nurse’s work.

Several laboratory experiments assessing the ability of patients with semantic dementia to use familiar objects have revealed deficits corresponding directly to the patients' remaining conceptual knowledge for the same items. The same patients, however, were reported to demonstrate normal use of some objects relevant to their everyday lives. The study reported here was designed to explore this apparent discrepancy by examining the influence of personal familiarity with object exemplars, and of the contexts in which they are typically used. Two patients with severe semantic impairment were given single objects that they were still using at home on a regular basis and asked to demonstrate the use of each. Performance on these items was compared with use of perceptually similar and perceptually different exemplars of the same objects. All three sets were tested in the patients' own homes and also in the laboratory. Both patients were significantly more successful at using their own objects than the perceptually different exemplars, while an advantage for 'own' relative to similar exemplars characterized one of the two patients. Familiar home context had no impact on performance. The results suggest that repeated experience with personally familiar objects helps to maintain appropriate responses to them in the face of severely degraded conceptual knowledge.

In this preliminary study a rating scale and coding scheme were devised to record mothers' and infants' emotional expressions and gaze behavior in the natural home context. Evidence was found that mothers and infants adjusted and modified the timing of their gaze as a function of their partner's emotional expressions; across the 6–8 months mothers' looking time decreased as a function of infants' “warm” and “neutral,” but not “cold” emotions; and infants' looking time decreased from 6 to 8 months as a function of mothers' “neutral” but not “warm” emotions and an asymmetrical pattern was identified in subjects' looking time. A discussion of the possible relationship between emotional expression and gaze behavior is presented.