1,135 results on '"Hoshino, M."'
Search Results
2. Outstanding questions and future research of magnetic reconnection
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Nakamura, R., Burch, J. L., Birn, J., Chen, L. -J., Graham, D. B., Guo, F., Hwang, K. -J., Ji, H., Khotyaintsev, Y., Liu, Y. -H., Oka, M., Payne, D., Sitnov, M. I., Swisdak, M., Zenitani, S., Drake, J. F., Fuselier, S. A., Genestreti, K. J., Gershman, D. J., Hasegawa, H., Hoshino, M., Norgren, C., Shay, M. A., Shuster, J. R., and Stawarz, J. E.
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Physics - Plasma Physics ,Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics ,Physics - Space Physics - Abstract
This short article highlights the unsolved problems of magnetic reconnection in collisionless plasma. The advanced in-situ plasma measurements and simulations enabled scientists to gain a novel understanding of magnetic reconnection. Still, outstanding questions remain on the complex dynamics and structures in the diffusion region, on the cross-scale and regional couplings, on the onset of magnetic reconnection, and on the details of energetics. Future directions of the magnetic reconnection research in terms of new observations, new simulations and interdisciplinary approaches are discussed., Comment: Submitted to Space Science Reviews. This is a review paper and is an outcome of the International Space Science Institute (ISSI) Workshop on Magnetic Reconnection: Explosive Energy Conversion in Space Plasmas held at June 27 - July 1, 2022
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- 2024
3. Random models on regularity-integrability structures
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Bailleul, I. and Hoshino, M.
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Mathematics - Probability ,Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs - Abstract
We prove a convergence result for a large class of random models that encompasses the case of the BPHZ models used in the study of singular stochastic PDEs. We introduce for that purpose a useful variation on the notion of regularity structure called a regularity-integrability structure. It allows to deal in a single elementary setting with models on a usual regularity structure and their first order Malliavin derivative., Comment: v2: revised version with a polished presentation, 32 pages
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- 2023
4. Regularity structures for quasilinear singular SPDEs
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Bailleul, I., Hoshino, M., and Kusuoka, S.
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Mathematics - Probability ,Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs - Abstract
We prove the well-posed character of a regularity structure formulation of the quasilinear generalized (KPZ) equation and give an explicit form for a renormalized equation in the full subcritical regime. Under the assumption that the BPHZ models associated with a non-translation invariant operator converge, we obtain a convergence result for the solutions of the regularized renormalized equations. This conditional result covers the spacetime white noise case., Comment: v3, 63 pages. Revised version of the work
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- 2022
5. Nonthermal Electron Acceleration at Collisionless Quasi-perpendicular Shocks
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Amano, T., Matsumoto, Y., Bohdan, A., Kobzar, O., Matsukiyo, S., Oka, M., Niemiec, J., Pohl, M., and Hoshino, M.
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Physics - Plasma Physics ,Physics - Space Physics - Abstract
Shock waves propagating in collisionless heliospheric and astrophysical plasmas have been studied extensively over the decades. One prime motivation is to understand the nonthermal particle acceleration at shocks. Although the theory of diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) has long been the standard for cosmic-ray acceleration at shocks, plasma physical understanding of particle acceleration remains elusive. In this review, we discuss nonthermal electron acceleration mechanisms at quasi-perpendicular shocks, for which substantial progress has been made in recent years. The discussion presented in this review is restricted to the following three specific topics. The first is stochastic shock drift acceleration (SSDA), which is a relatively new mechanism for electron injection into DSA. The basic mechanism, related in-situ observations and kinetic simulations results, and how it is connected with DSA will be discussed. Second, we discuss shock surfing acceleration (SSA) at very high Mach number shocks relevant to young supernova remnants (SNRs). While the original proposal under the one-dimensional assumption is unrealistic, SSA has now been proven efficient by a fully three-dimensional kinetic simulation. Finally, we discuss the current understanding of the magnetized Weibel-dominated shock. Spontaneous magnetic reconnection of self-generated current sheets within the shock structure is an interesting consequence of Weibel-generated strong magnetic turbulence. We argue that high Mach number shocks with both Alfven and sound Mach numbers exceeding 20-40 will likely behave as a Weibel-dominated shock. Despite a number of interesting recent findings, the relative roles of SSDA, SSA, and magnetic reconnection for electron acceleration at collisionless shocks and how the dominant particle acceleration mechanisms change depending on shock parameters remain to be answered., Comment: To appear in Reviews of Modern Plasma Physics as an invited review
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- 2022
6. High-power laser experiment forming a supercritical collisionless shock in a magnetized uniform plasma at rest
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Yamazaki, Ryo, Matsukiyo, S., Morita, T., Tanaka, S. J., Umeda, T., Aihara, K., Edamoto, M., Egashira, S., Hatsuyama, R., Higuchi, T., Hihara, T., Horie, Y., Hoshino, M., Ishii, A., Ishizaka, N., Itadani, Y., Izumi, T., Kambayashi, S., Kakuchi, S., Katsuki, N., Kawamura, R., Kawamura, Y., Kisaka, S., Kojima, T., Konuma, A., Kumar, R., Minami, T., Miyata, I., Moritaka, T., Murakami, Y., Nagashima, K., Nakagawa, Y., Nishimoto, T., Nishioka, Y., Ohira, Y., Ohnishi, N., Ota, M., Ozaki, N., Sano, T., Sakai, K., Sei, S., Shiota, J., Shoji, Y., Sugiyama, K., Suzuki, D., Takagi, M., Toda, H., Tomita, S., Tomiya, S., Yoneda, H., Takezaki, T., Tomita, K., Kuramitsu, Y., and Sakawa, Y.
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Physics - Plasma Physics ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics - Abstract
We present a new experimental method to generate quasi-perpendicular supercritical magnetized collisionless shocks. In our experiment, ambient nitrogen (N) plasma is at rest and well-magnetized, and it has uniform mass density. The plasma is pushed by laser-driven ablation aluminum (Al) plasma. Streaked optical pyrometry and spatially resolved laser collective Thomson scattering clarify structures of plasma density and temperatures, which are compared with one-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. It is indicated that just after the laser irradiation, the Al plasma is magnetized by a self-generated Biermann battery field, and the plasma slaps the incident N plasma. The compressed external field in the N plasma reflects N ions, leading to counter-streaming magnetized N flows. Namely we identify the edge of the reflected N ions. Such interacting plasmas form a magnetized collisionless shock., Comment: 17 pages, 12 figures, 1 table. Physical Review E, in press
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- 2022
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7. Major Scientific Challenges and Opportunities in Understanding Magnetic Reconnection and Related Explosive Phenomena in Solar and Heliospheric Plasmas
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Ji, H., Karpen, J., Alt, A., Antiochos, S., Baalrud, S., Bale, S., Bellan, P. M., Begelman, M., Beresnyak, A., Bhattacharjee, A., Blackman, E. G., Brennan, D., Brown, M., Buechner, J., Burch, J., Cassak, P., Chen, B., Chen, L. -J., Chen, Y., Chien, A., Comisso, L., Craig, D., Dahlin, J., Daughton, W., DeLuca, E., Dong, C. F., Dorfman, S., Drake, J., Ebrahimi, F., Egedal, J., Ergun, R., Eyink, G., Fan, Y., Fiksel, G., Forest, C., Fox, W., Froula, D., Fujimoto, K., Gao, L., Genestreti, K., Gibson, S., Goldstein, M., Guo, F., Hare, J., Hesse, M., Hoshino, M., Hu, Q., Huang, Y. -M., Jara-Almonte, J., Karimabadi, H., Klimchuk, J., Kunz, M., Kusano, K., Lazarian, A., Le, A., Lebedev, S., Li, H., Li, X., Lin, Y., Linton, M., Liu, Y. -H., Liu, W., Longcope, D., Loureiro, N., Lu, Q. -M., Ma, Z-W., Matthaeus, W. H., Meyerhofer, D., Mozer, F., Munsat, T., Murphy, N. A., Nilson, P., Ono, Y., Opher, M., Park, H., Parker, S., Petropoulou, M., Phan, T., Prager, S., Rempel, M., Ren, C., Ren, Y., Rosner, R., Roytershteyn, V., Sarff, J., Savcheva, A., Schaffner, D., Schoeffier, K., Scime, E., Shay, M., Sironi, L., Sitnov, M., Stanier, A., Swisdak, M., TenBarge, J., Tharp, T., Uzdensky, D., Vaivads, A., Velli, M., Vishniac, E., Wang, H., Werner, G., Xiao, C., Yamada, M., Yokoyama, T., Yoo, J., Zenitani, S., and Zweibel, E.
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Physics - Space Physics ,Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics ,Physics - Plasma Physics - Abstract
Magnetic reconnection underlies many explosive phenomena in the heliosphere and in laboratory plasmas. The new research capabilities in theory/simulations, observations, and laboratory experiments provide the opportunity to solve the grand scientific challenges summarized in this whitepaper. Success will require enhanced and sustained investments from relevant funding agencies, increased interagency/international partnerships, and close collaborations of the solar, heliospheric, and laboratory plasma communities. These investments will deliver transformative progress in understanding magnetic reconnection and related explosive phenomena including space weather events., Comment: 4 pages (including a title page), white paper submitted to Helio2050 workshop at https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/helio2050/. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2004.00079
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- 2020
8. A tourist's guide to regularity structures and singular stochastic PDEs
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Bailleul, I. and Hoshino, M.
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Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs ,Mathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEs - Abstract
We give a short essentially self-contained treatment of the fundamental analytic and algebraic features of regularity structures and its applications to the study of singular stochastic PDEs., Comment: v2, 81 pages. A fair number of details added and improved presentation all over the work
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- 2020
9. Major Scientific Challenges and Opportunities in Understanding Magnetic Reconnection and Related Explosive Phenomena throughout the Universe
- Author
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Ji, H., Alt, A., Antiochos, S., Baalrud, S., Bale, S., Bellan, P. M., Begelman, M., Beresnyak, A., Blackman, E. G., Brennan, D., Brown, M., Buechner, J., Burch, J., Cassak, P., Chen, L. -J., Chen, Y., Chien, A., Craig, D., Dahlin, J., Daughton, W., DeLuca, E., Dong, C. F., Dorfman, S., Drake, J., Ebrahimi, F., Egedal, J., Ergun, R., Eyink, G., Fan, Y., Fiksel, G., Forest, C., Fox, W., Froula, D., Fujimoto, K., Gao, L., Genestreti, K., Gibson, S., Goldstein, M., Guo, F., Hesse, M., Hoshino, M., Hu, Q., Huang, Y. -M., Jara-Almonte, J., Karimabadi, H., Klimchuk, J., Kunz, M., Kusano, K., Lazarian, A., Le, A., Li, H., Li, X., Lin, Y., Linton, M., Liu, Y. -H., Liu, W., Longcope, D., Loureiro, N., Lu, Q. -M., Ma, Z-W., Matthaeus, W. H., Meyerhofer, D., Mozer, F., Munsat, T., Murphy, N. A., Nilson, P., Ono, Y., Opher, M., Park, H., Parker, S., Petropoulou, M., Phan, T., Prager, S., Rempel, M., Ren, C., Ren, Y., Rosner, R., Roytershteyn, V., Sarff, J., Savcheva, A., Schaffner, D., Schoeffier, K., Scime, E., Shay, M., Sitnov, M., Stanier, A., TenBarge, J., Tharp, T., Uzdensky, D., Vaivads, A., Velli, M., Vishniac, E., Wang, H., Werner, G., Xiao, C., Yamada, M., Yokoyama, T., Yoo, J., Zenitani, S., and Zweibel, E.
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Physics - Plasma Physics ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics ,Physics - Space Physics - Abstract
This white paper summarizes major scientific challenges and opportunities in understanding magnetic reconnection and related explosive phenomena as a fundamental plasma process., Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure, white paper submitted to both Plasma 2020 and Astro 2020 Decadal Surveys
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- 2020
10. Observational Evidence for Stochastic Shock Drift Acceleration of Electrons at the Earth's Bow Shock
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Amano, T., Katou, T., Kitamura, N., Oka, M., Matsumoto, Y., Hoshino, M., Saito, Y., Yokota, S., Giles, B. L., Paterson, W. R., Russell, C. T., Contel, O. Le, Ergun, R. E., Lindqvist, P. -A., Turner, D. L., Fennell, J. F., and Blake, J. B.
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,Physics - Plasma Physics ,Physics - Space Physics - Abstract
The first-order Fermi acceleration of electrons requires an injection of electrons into a mildly relativistic energy range. However, the mechanism of injection has remained a puzzle both in theory and observation. We present direct evidence for a novel stochastic shock drift acceleration theory for the injection obtained with Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) observations at Earth's bow shock. The theoretical model can explain electron acceleration to mildly relativistic energies at high-speed astrophysical shocks, which may provide a solution to the long-standing issue of electron injection., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures. Published in PRL
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- 2020
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11. Paracontrolled calculus and regularity structures (II)
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Bailleul, I. and Hoshino, M.
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Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs ,Mathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEs - Abstract
We prove a general equivalence statement between the notions of models and modelled distributions over a regularity structure, and paracontrolled systems indexed by the regularity structure. This takes in particular the form of a parametrisation of the set of models over a regularity structure by the set of reference functions used in the paracontrolled representation of these objects. A number of consequences are emphasized. The construction of a modelled distribution from a paracontrolled system is explicit, and takes a particularly simple form in the case of the regularity structures introduced by Bruned, Hairer and Zambotti for the study of singular stochastic partial differential equations., Comment: v3. 44 pages. Final version. Presentation improved
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- 2019
12. Anomalous plasma acceleration in colliding high-power laser-produced plasmas
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Morita, T., Nagashima, K., Edamoto, M., Tomita, K., Sano, T., Itadani, Y., Kumar, R., Ota, M., Egashira, S., Yamazaki, R., Tanaka, S. J., Tomita, S., Tomiya, S., Toda, H., Miyata, I., Kakuchi, S., Sei, S., Ishizaka, N., Matsukiyo, S., Kuramitsu, Y., Ohira, Y., Hoshino, M., and Sakawa, Y.
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Physics - Plasma Physics ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
We developed an experimental platform for studying magnetic reconnection in an external magnetic field with simultaneous measurements of plasma imaging, flow velocity, and magnetic-field variation. Here, we investigate the stagnation and acceleration in counter-streaming plasmas generated by high-power laser beams. A plasma flow perpendicular to the initial flow directions is measured with laser Thomson scattering. The flow is, interestingly, accelerated toward the high-density region, which is opposite to the direction of the acceleration by pressure gradients. This acceleration is possibly interpreted by the interaction of two magnetic field loops initially generated by Biermann battery effect, resulting in a magnetic reconnection forming a single field loop and additional acceleration by a magnetic tension force., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, Physics of Plasmas, in press
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- 2019
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13. Paracontrolled calculus and regularity structures
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Bailleul, I. and Hoshino, M.
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Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs - Abstract
We start in this work the study of the relation between the theory of regularity structures and paracontrolled calculus. We give a paracontrolled representation of the reconstruction operator and provide a natural parametrization of the space of admissible models., Comment: v3: final version, 32 pages
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- 2018
14. On the Role of Separatrix Instabilities in Heating the Reconnection Outflow Region
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Hesse, M., Norgren, C., Tenfjord, P., Burch, J., Liu, Y. -H., Chen, L. -J., Bessho, N., Wang, S., Nakamura, R., Eastwood, J., Hoshino, M., Torbert, R., and Ergun, R.
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Physics - Space Physics - Abstract
A study of the role of microinstabilities at the reconnection separatrix can play in heating the electrons during the transition from inflow to outflow is being presented. We find that very strong flow shears at the separatrix layer lead to counterstreaming electron distributions in the region around the separatrix, which become unstable to a beam-type instability. Similar to what has been seen in earlier research, the ensuing instability leads to the formation of propagating electrostatic solitons. We show here that this region of strong electrostatic turbulence is the predominant electron heating site when transiting from inflow to outflow. The heating is the result of heating generated by electrostatic turbulence driven by overlapping beams, and its macroscopic effect is a quasi-viscous contribution to the overall electron energy balance. We suggest that instabilities at the separatrix can play a key role in the overall electron energy balance in magnetic reconnection.
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- 2018
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15. Author Correction: Direct observations of pure electron outflow in magnetic reconnection
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Sakai, K., Moritaka, T., Morita, T., Tomita, K., Minami, T., Nishimoto, T., Egashira, S., Ota, M., Sakawa, Y., Ozaki, N., Kodama, R., Kojima, T., Takezaki, T., Yamazaki, R., Tanaka, S. J., Aihara, K., Koenig, M., Albertazzi, B., Mabey, P., Woolsey, N., Matsukiyo, S., Takabe, H., Hoshino, M., and Kuramitsu, Y.
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- 2022
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16. Direct observations of pure electron outflow in magnetic reconnection
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Sakai, K., Moritaka, T., Morita, T., Tomita, K., Minami, T., Nishimoto, T., Egashira, S., Ota, M., Sakawa, Y., Ozaki, N., Kodama, R., Kojima, T., Takezaki, T., Yamazaki, R., Tanaka, S. J., Aihara, K., Koenig, M., Albertazzi, B., Mabey, P., Woolsey, N., Matsukiyo, S., Takabe, H., Hoshino, M., and Kuramitsu, Y.
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- 2022
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17. Changes in site-specific shape resonances in nitrogen K-shell photoionization of N2O induced by vibrational excitation
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Hoshino, M, Kato, H, Kuze, N, Tanaka, H, Fukuzawa, H, Ueda, K, and Lucchese, RR
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x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ,inner-shell ionization cross sections ,asymmetry parameters ,vibrationally excited N2O molecule ,hot molecules ,Optics - Abstract
The central (Nc) and terminal (Nt) nitrogen K-shell photoelectron spectra (PESs) of N2O molecules have been measured in the σ shape resonance energy region at temperatures of ∼300 and ∼630 K. Estimating vibrational populations based on the Boltzmann distribution at these temperatures, PESs of vibrationally ground and bending-excited levels in the initial electronic ground state were extracted. Vibrationally integrated partial cross sections and asymmetry parameters for ionization from vibrationally ground and bending-excited levels were obtained as a function of the incident photon energy by integrating PESs over the vibrational levels of the core-hole states. In Nc photoionization, the shape resonance from the bending-excited level was found to be shifted to the lower photon energy side and to become narrower than that from the ground vibrational level. In Nt photoionization from the bending-excited level, the downward shift of the resonance is more significant than that in Nc ionization. These experimental findings are qualitatively consistent with theoretical predictions and suggest that the shape resonance associated with the Nt core hole is more sensitive to the bending angle of the initial state than is the shape resonance associated with the Nc core hole. The asymmetry parameters for photoionization from the bending-excited level, however, showed almost the same behavior as those from the ground vibrational level for both K-shell photoionization channels and in the photon energy range studied here.
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- 2018
18. Diagnostic Accuracy of Diastolic Fractional Flow Reserve for Functional Evaluation of Coronary Stenosis: DIASTOLE Study
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Shiono, Y., Katayama, Y., Hironori, K., Kubo, T., Akasaka, T., Tanaka, N., Yamashita, J., Fujita, H., Matsuo, A., Matsuo, H., Kawase, Y., Kawamura, I., Kakuta, T., Hoshino, M., Sugano, T., Takashima, H., Amano, T., Yokoi, H., Yamamoto, Y., Nozaki, Y., Machida, M., Kobori, M., Kikuchi, T., Ohira, H., Yoshino, H., Ishiguro, H., Wakabayashi, Y., Kondo, T., Terai, H., Suwa, T., Kimura, T., Kawajiri, T., Hirohata, A., Uemura, S., Neishi, Y., Sakamoto, T., Yamada, M., Okeie, K., Hishikari, K., Oguri, M., Uetani, T., Saegusa, T., Yamamoto, F., Shiono, Yasutsugu, Matsuo, Hitoshi, Fujita, Hiroshi, Tanaka, Nobuhiro, Ogasawara, Yasuo, Kawamura, Itta, Katayama, Yosuke, Matsuo, Akiko, Kawase, Yoshiaki, Kakuta, Tsunekazu, Takashima, Hiroaki, Yokoi, Hiroyoshi, Ohira, Hiroshi, Suwa, Satoru, Oguri, Mitsutoshi, Yamamoto, Fumi, Kubo, Takashi, and Akasaka, Takashi
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- 2021
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19. Impact of sex on the assessment of the microvascular resistance reserve
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Boerhout, C.K.M., Vink, C.E.M., Lee, J.M., Waard, G.A. de, Mejia-Renteria, H., Lee, Sharon, Jung, J.H., Hoshino, M., Echavarria-Pinto, M., Meuwissen, M., Matsuo, H., Madera-Cambero, M., Eftekhari, A., Effat, M.A., Murai, T., Marques, K., Doh, J.H., Christiansen, E.H., Banerjee, R., Nam, C.W., Niccoli, G., Nakayama, M., Tanaka, N., Shin, E.S., Appelman, Y., Beijk, M.A.M., Royen, N. van, Chamuleau, S.A., Knaapen, P., Escaned, J., Kakuta, T., Koo, B.K., Piek, J.J., Hoef, T.P. van de, Boerhout, C.K.M., Vink, C.E.M., Lee, J.M., Waard, G.A. de, Mejia-Renteria, H., Lee, Sharon, Jung, J.H., Hoshino, M., Echavarria-Pinto, M., Meuwissen, M., Matsuo, H., Madera-Cambero, M., Eftekhari, A., Effat, M.A., Murai, T., Marques, K., Doh, J.H., Christiansen, E.H., Banerjee, R., Nam, C.W., Niccoli, G., Nakayama, M., Tanaka, N., Shin, E.S., Appelman, Y., Beijk, M.A.M., Royen, N. van, Chamuleau, S.A., Knaapen, P., Escaned, J., Kakuta, T., Koo, B.K., Piek, J.J., and Hoef, T.P. van de
- Abstract
Contains fulltext : 305503.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access), BACKGROUND: The microvascular resistance reserve (MRR) is an innovative index to assess the vasodilatory capacity of the coronary circulation while accounting for the presence of concomitant epicardial disease. The MRR has shown to be a valuable diagnostic and prognostic tool in the general coronary artery disease (CAD) population. However, considering the fundamental aspects of its assessment and the unique hemodynamic characteristics of women, it is crucial to provide additional considerations for evaluating the MRR specifically in women. AIM: The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic and prognostic applicability of the MRR in women and assess the potential differences across different sexes. METHODS: From the ILIAS Registry, we enrolled all patients with a stable indication for invasive coronary angiography, ensuring complete physiological and follow-up data. We analyzed the diagnostic value by comparing differences between sexes and evaluated the prognostic value of the MRR specifically in women, comparing it to that in men. RESULTS: A total of 1494 patients were included of which 26% were women. The correlation between MRR and CFR was good and similar between women (r = 0.80, p < 0.005) and men (r = 0.81, p < 0.005). The MRR was an independent and important predictor of MACE in both women (HR 0.67, 0.47-0.96, p = 0.027) and men (HR 0.84, 0.74-0.95, p = 0.007). The optimal cut-off value for MRR in women was 2.8 and 3.2 in men. An abnormal MRR similarly predicted MACE at 5-year follow-up in both women and men. CONCLUSION: The MRR seems to be equally applicable in both women and men with stable coronary artery disease.
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- 2024
20. The Generation of Nonthermal Particles in the Relativistic Magnetic Reconnection of Pair Plasmas
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Zenitani, S. and Hoshino, M.
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
Particle acceleration in the magnetic reconnection of electron-positron plasmas is studied by using a particle-in-cell simulation. It is found that a significantly large number of nonthermal particles are generated by the inductive electric fields around an X-type neutral line when the reconnection outflow velocity, which is known to be an Alfv\'{e}n velocity, is on the order of the speed of light. In such a relativistic reconnection regime, we also find that electrons and positrons form a power-law-like energy distribution through their drift along the reconnection electric field under the relativistic Speiser motion. A brief discussion of the relevance of these results to the current sheet structure, which has an antiparallel magnetic field in astrophysical sources of synchrotron radiation, is presented., Comment: published in ApJL in 2001
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- 2014
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21. Electron acceleration in a nonrelativistic shock with very high Alfv\'en Mach number
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Matsumoto, Y., Amano, T., and Hoshino, M.
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Physics - Plasma Physics - Abstract
Electron acceleration associated with various plasma kinetic instabilities in a nonrelativistic, very-high-Alfv\'en Mach-number ($M_A \sim 45$) shock is revealed by means of a two-dimensional fully kinetic PIC simulation. Electromagnetic (ion Weibel) and electrostatic (ion-acoustic and Buneman) instabilities are strongly activated at the same time in different regions of the two-dimensional shock structure. Relativistic electrons are quickly produced predominantly by the shock surfing mechanism with the Buneman instability at the leading edge of the foot. The energy spectrum has a high-energy tail exceeding the upstream ion kinetic energy accompanying the main thermal population. This gives a favorable condition for the ion acoustic instability at the shock front, which in turn results in additional energization. The large-amplitude ion Weibel instability generates current sheets in the foot, implying another dissipation mechanism via magnetic reconnection in a three-dimensional shock structure in the very-high-$M_A$ regime.
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- 2013
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22. Magnetic Reconnection under Anisotropic MHD Approximation
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Hirabayashi, K. and Hoshino, M.
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Physics - Space Physics ,Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,Physics - Plasma Physics - Abstract
We study the formation of slow-mode shocks in collisionless magnetic reconnection by using one- and two-dimensional collisionless MHD codes based on the double adiabatic approximation and the Landau closure model. We bridge the gap between the Petschek-type MHD reconnection model accompanied by a pair of slow shocks and the observational evidence of the rare occasion of in-situ slow shock observation. Our results showed that once magnetic reconnection takes place, a firehose-sense pressure anisotropy arises in the downstream region, and the generated slow shocks are quite weak comparing with those in an isotropic MHD. In spite of the weakness of the shocks, however, the resultant reconnection rate is 10-30% higher than that in an isotropic case. This result implies that the slow shock does not necessarily play an important role in the energy conversion in the reconnection system, and is consistent with the satellite observation in the Earth's magnetosphere., Comment: 20 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in PoP
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- 2013
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23. The Role of the Guide Field in Relativistic Pair Plasma Reconnection
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Zenitani, S. and Hoshino, M.
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Astrophysics - Abstract
We study the role of the guide field in relativistic magnetic reconnection in a Harris current sheet of pair ($e^{\pm}$) plasmas, using linear theories and particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. Two-dimensional PIC simulations exhibit the guide field dependence to the linear instabilities; the tearing or reconnection modes are relatively insensitive, while the relativistic drift-kink instability (RDKI), the fastest mode in a relativistic current sheet, is stabilized by the guide field. Particle acceleration in the nonlinear stage is also investigated. A three-dimensional PIC simulation demonstrates that the current sheet is unstable to the RDKI, although small reconnection occurs in the deformed current sheet. Another three-dimensional PIC simulation with a guide field demonstrates a completely different scenario. Secondary magnetic reconnection is triggered by nonlinear coupling of oblique instabilities, which we call the relativistic drift-sausage tearing instability. Therefore, particle acceleration by relativistic guide field reconnection occurs in three-dimensional configuration. Based on the plasma theories, we discuss an important role of the guide field: to enable non-thermal particle acceleration by magnetic reconnection., Comment: Astrophysical Journal, 677, 530; 35 pages, 15 figures
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- 2007
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24. Particle Acceleration and Magnetic Dissipation in Relativistic Current Sheet of Pair Plasmas
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Zenitani, S. and Hoshino, M.
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Astrophysics - Abstract
We study linear and nonlinear development of relativistic and ultrarelativistic current sheets of pair plasmas with antiparallel magnetic fields. Two types of two-dimensional problems are investigated by particle-in-cell simulations. First, we present the development of relativistic magnetic reconnection, whose outflow speed is an order of the light speed c. It is demonstrated that particles are strongly accelerated in and around the reconnection region, and that most of magnetic energy is converted into "nonthermal" part of plasma kinetic energy. Second, we present another two-dimensional problem of a current sheet in a cross-field plane. In this case, the relativistic drift kink instability (RDKI) occurs. Particle acceleration also takes place, but the RDKI fast dissipates the magnetic energy into plasma heat. We discuss the mechanism of particle acceleration and the theory of the RDKI in detail. It is important that properties of these two processes are similar in the relativistic regime of T > mc^2, as long as we consider the kinetics. Comparison of the two processes indicates that magnetic dissipation by the RDKI is more favorable process in the relativistic current sheet. Therefore the striped pulsar wind scenario should be reconsidered by the RDKI., Comment: To appear in ApJ vol. 670; 60 pages, 27 figures; References and typos are fixed
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- 2007
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25. Electron Injection at High Mach Number Quasi-Perpendicular Shocks : Surfing and Drift Acceleration
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Amano, T. and Hoshino, M.
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Astrophysics - Abstract
Electron injection process at high Mach number collisionless quasi-perpendicular shock waves is investigated by means of one-dimensional electromagnetic particle-in-cell simulations. We find that energetic electrons are generated through the following two steps: (1) electrons are accelerated nearly perpendicular to the local magnetic field by shock surfing acceleration at the leading edge of the shock transition region. (2) the preaccelerated electrons are further accelerated by shock drift acceleration. As a result, energetic electrons are preferentially reflected back to the upstream. Shock surfing acceleration provides sufficient energy required for the reflection. Therefore, it is important not only for the energization process by itself, but also for triggering the secondary acceleration process. We also present a theoretical model of the two-step acceleration mechanism based on the simulation results, which can predict the injection efficiency for subsequent diffusive shock acceleration process. We show that the injection efficiency obtained by the present model agrees well with the value obtained by Chandra X-ray observations of SN 1006. At typical supernova remnant shocks, energetic electrons injected by the present mechanism can self-generate upstream Alfven waves, which scatter the energetic electrons themselves., Comment: 35 pages, 9 figures, accepted by ApJ
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- 2006
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26. Three Dimensional Evolution of a Relativistic Current Sheet : Triggering of Magnetic Reconnection by the Guide Field
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Zenitani, S. and Hoshino, M.
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Astrophysics - Abstract
The linear and non-linear evolution of a relativistic current sheet of pair ($e^{\pm}$) plasmas is investigated by three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. In a Harris configuration, it is obtained that the magnetic energy is fast dissipated by the relativistic drift kink instability (RDKI). However, when a current-aligned magnetic field (the so-called "guide field") is introduced, the RDKI is stabilized by the magnetic tension force and it separates into two obliquely-propagating modes, which we call the relativistic drift-kink-tearing instability (RDKTI). These two waves deform the current sheet so that they trigger relativistic magnetic reconnection at a crossover thinning point. Since relativistic reconnection produces a lot of non-thermal particles, the guide field is of critical importance to study the energetics of a relativistic current sheet., Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures; fixed typos and added a footnote [24]
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- 2005
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27. Negative ion formation through dissociative electron attachment to the group IV tetrachlorides: Carbon tetrachloride, silicon tetrachloride and germanium tetrachloride
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T. P., Ragesh Kumar, Brynjarsson, B., Ómarsson, B., Hoshino, M., Tanaka, H., Limão-Vieira, P., Jones, D.B., Brunger, M.J., and Ingólfsson, O.
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- 2018
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28. Relativistic Particle Acceleration in a Folded Current Sheet
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Zenitani, S. and Hoshino, M.
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Astrophysics - Abstract
Two-dimensional particle simulations of a relativistic Harris current sheet of pair plasmashave demonstrated that the system is unstable to the relativistic drift kink instability (RDKI) and that a new kind of acceleration process takes place in the deformed current sheet. This process contributes to the generation of non-thermal particles and contributes to the fast magnetic dissipation in the current sheet structure. The acceleration mechanism and a brief comparison with relativistic magnetic reconnection are presented., Comment: 11 preprint pages, including 3 .eps figures
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- 2004
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29. Nonthermal Electrons at High Mach Number Shocks: Electron Shock Surfing Acceleration
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Hoshino, M. and Shimada, N.
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Astrophysics - Abstract
We study the suprathermal electron acceleration mechanism in a perpendicular magnetosonic shock wave in a high Mach number regime by using a particle-in-cell simulation. We find that shock surfing/surftron acceleration producing the suprathermal electrons occurs in the shock transition region where a series of large amplitude electrostatic solitary waves (ESWs) are excited by Buneman instability under the interaction between the reflected ions and the incoming electrons. It is shown that the electrons are likely to be trapped by ESWs, and during the trapping phase they can be effectively accelerated by the shock motional/convection electric field. We discuss that suprathermal electrons can be accelerated up to $m_i c^2 (v_0/c)$, where $m_i c^2$ is the ion rest mass energy and $v_0$ is the shock upstream flow velocity. Furthermore, some of these suprathermal electrons may be effectively trapped for infinitely long time when Alfv\'en Mach number $M_A$ exceeds several 10, and they are accelerated up to the shock potential energy determined by the global shock size., Comment: 21 pages, 6 figures
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- 2002
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30. Combined use of hyperemic and non-hyperemic pressure ratios for revascularization decision-making: From the ILIAS registry
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Boerhout, C.K.M., Waard, G.A. de, Lee, J.M., Mejia-Renteria, H., Lee, Shan Qi, Jung, J.H., Hoshino, M., Echavarria-Pinto, M., Meuwissen, M., Matsuo, H., Madera-Cambero, M., Eftekhari, A., Effat, M.A., Murai, T., Marques, K., Doh, J.H., Christiansen, E.H., Banerjee, R., Nam, C.W., Niccoli, G., Nakayama, M., Tanaka, N., Shin, E.S., Chamuleau, S.A., Royen, N. van, Knaapen, P., Escaned, J., Kakuta, T., Koo, B.K., Piek, J.J., Hoef, T.P. van de, Cardiology, Graduate School, ACS - Atherosclerosis & ischemic syndromes, ACS - Heart failure & arrhythmias, ACS - Microcirculation, and VU University medical center
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Male ,Fractional flow reserve ,Cardiac Catheterization ,Revascularization ,Non-hyperemic Pd/Pa ,Coronary Stenosis ,Vascular damage Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 16] ,Hyperemia ,Middle Aged ,Coronary Angiography ,Coronary artery disease ,Coronary Vessels ,Severity of Illness Index ,Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial ,All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Coronary physiology ,Humans ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Contains fulltext : 290911.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of non-hyperaemic Pd/Pa and to determine its additional value when combined with the gold standard hyperaemic pressure ratio (FFR) to guide revascularization. METHODS: In a large, multi-center, retrospective registry, we included a total of 2141 patients with a clinical indication for coronary angiography providing physiological data in 2726 vessels. A classification was made based on the FFR (cut-off value: 0.80) and non-hyperaemic Pd/Pa (cut-off value: 0.92) values and the primary outcome was target-vessel failure (TVF) at 5-year follow-up. RESULTS: Mean age was 63 ± 10.0 and 75% of the study population were men. Regression analysis showed an overall good correlation between FFR and non-hyperaemic Pd/Pa (r = 0.73, p
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- 2023
31. Strong-correlation induced high-mobility electrons in Dirac semimetal of perovskite oxide
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Fujioka, J., Yamada, R., Kawamura, M., Sakai, S., Hirayama, M., Arita, R., Okawa, T., Hashizume, D., Hoshino, M., and Tokura, Y.
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- 2019
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32. Electron Scattering by Low-frequency Whistler Waves at Earth’s Bow Shock
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Oka, M, Otsuka, F, Matsukiyo, S, Wilson, L. B., III, Argall, M. R, Amano, T, Phan, T. D, Hoshino, M, Contel, O. Le, Gershman, D. J, Burch, J. L, Torbert, R. B, Dorelli, J. C, Giles, B. L, Ergun, R. E, Russell, C. T, and Lindqvist, P. A
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Plasma Physics - Abstract
Electrons are accelerated to nonthermal energies at shocks in space and astrophysical environments. While shock drift acceleration (SDA) has been considered a key process of electron acceleration at Earth’s bow shock, it has also been recognized that SDA needs to be combined with an additional stochastic process to explain the observed power-law energy spectra. Here, we show mildly energetic (∼0.5 keV) electrons are locally scattered (and accelerated while being confined) by magnetosonic-whistler waves within the shock transition layer, especially when the shock angle is large (θ(sub Bn) approximately equal or greater than 70°). When measured by the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission at a high cadence, ∼0.5 keV electron flux increased exponentially in the shock transition layer. However, the flux profile was not entirely smooth and the fluctuation showed temporal/spectral association with large-amplitude (δB/B ~ 0.3), low-frequency (approximately equal or less than 0.1 Ω(sub ce) where Ω(sub ce) is the cyclotron frequency), obliquely propagating (θ(sub kB) ~ 30°–60°, where θ(sub kB) is the angle between the wave vector and background magnetic field) whistler waves, indicating that the particles were interacting with the waves. Particle simulations demonstrate that, although linear cyclotron resonances with ∼0.5 keV electrons are unlikely due to the obliquity and low frequencies of the waves, the electrons are still scattered beyond 90° pitch angle by (1) resonant mirroring (transit-time damping), (2) non-resonant mirroring, and (3) subharmonic cyclotron resonances. Such coupled nonlinear scattering processes are likely to provide the stochasticity needed to explain the power-law formation.
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- 2019
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33. Abnormal physiological findings after FFR-based revascularisation deferral are associated with worse prognosis in women.
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Hoshino, M., Hoef, T.P. van de, Lee, J.M., Hamaya, R., Kanaji, Y., Boerhout, C.K.M., Waard, G.A. de, Jung, J.H., Lee, Shan Qi, Mejia-Renteria, H., Echavarria-Pinto, M., Meuwissen, M., Matsuo, H., Madera-Cambero, M., Eftekhari, A., Effat, M.A., Marques, K., Doh, J.H., Christiansen, E.H., Banerjee, R., Nam, C.W., Niccoli, G., Murai, T., Nakayama, M., Tanaka, N., Shin, E.S., Sasano, T., Appelman, Y., Beijk, M., Knaapen, P., Royen, N. van, Escaned, J., Koo, B.K., Piek, J.J., Kakuta, T., Hoshino, M., Hoef, T.P. van de, Lee, J.M., Hamaya, R., Kanaji, Y., Boerhout, C.K.M., Waard, G.A. de, Jung, J.H., Lee, Shan Qi, Mejia-Renteria, H., Echavarria-Pinto, M., Meuwissen, M., Matsuo, H., Madera-Cambero, M., Eftekhari, A., Effat, M.A., Marques, K., Doh, J.H., Christiansen, E.H., Banerjee, R., Nam, C.W., Niccoli, G., Murai, T., Nakayama, M., Tanaka, N., Shin, E.S., Sasano, T., Appelman, Y., Beijk, M., Knaapen, P., Royen, N. van, Escaned, J., Koo, B.K., Piek, J.J., and Kakuta, T.
- Abstract
Item does not contain fulltext, The prognostic value of abnormal resting Pd/Pa and coronary flow reserve (CFR) after fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided revascularisation deferral according to sex remains unknown. From the ILIAS Registry composed of 20 hospitals globally from 7 countries, patients with deferred lesions following FFR assessment (FFR > 0.8) were included. (NCT04485234) The primary clinical endpoint was target vessel failure (TVF) at 2-years follow-up. We included 1392 patients with 1759 vessels (n = 564 women, 31.9%). Although resting Pd/Pa was similar between the sexes (p = 0.116), women had lower CFR than men (2.5 [2.0-3.2] vs. 2.7 [2.1-3.5]; p = 0.004). During a 2-year follow-up period, TVF events occurred in 56 vessels (3.2%). The risk of 2-year TVF was significantly higher in women with low versus high resting Pd/Pa (HR: 9.79; p < 0.001), whereas this trend was not seen in men. (Sex: P-value for interaction = 0.022) Furthermore, resting Pd/Pa provided an incremental prognostic value for 2-year TVF over CFR assessment only in women. After FFR-based revascularisation deferral, low resting Pd/Pa is associated with higher risk of TVF in women, but not in men. The predictive value of Pd/Pa increases when stratified according to CFR values, with significantly high TVF rates in women in whom both indices are concordantly abnormal.Clinical Trial Registration: Inclusive Invasive Physiological Assessment in Angina Syndromes Registry (ILIAS Registry), NCT04485234.
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- 2023
34. Cross Sections and Oscillator Strengths for Electron-impact Excitation of Electronic States in Polyatomic Molecules -Application Examples of the BEf- scaling model in Optically-allowed Transitions
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KATO, H., KAWAHARA, H., HOSHINO, M., GARCIA, M. C., BUCKMAN, S. J., BRUNGER, M. J., CAMPBELL, L., CHO, H., KIM, Y.-K., YOON, J.-S., SONG, Mi-Young, KATO, Daiji, MURAKAMI, Izumi, KATO, Takako, TANAKA, H., KATO, H., KAWAHARA, H., HOSHINO, M., GARCIA, M. C., BUCKMAN, S. J., BRUNGER, M. J., CAMPBELL, L., CHO, H., KIM, Y.-K., YOON, J.-S., SONG, Mi-Young, KATO, Daiji, MURAKAMI, Izumi, KATO, Takako, and TANAKA, H.
- Abstract
Integral cross sections for optically allowed electronic-state excitations by electron impact, are reviewed for polyatomic molecules by applying the Binary-Encounter-Bethe (BEB) scaling model. Following the context of the present review, the scaling model originally proposed by Yong-Ki Kim to determine electron-impact cross sections for ionization of atoms and molecules is also summarized briefly for its wide range of applications [Electron-Impact Cross Section Database, NIST, Y.-K. Kim][1]. The present report not only focuses on the need for the cross-section data, but also elucidates the verification of the scaling model in the general application for atoms and molecules. Since this report is for a data base, it is summarized for data base users by citing (copying) the descriptions in the original papers and the references within those papers in the style of a textbook.
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- 2023
35. Microvascular resistance reserve: diagnostic and prognostic performance in the ILIAS registry.
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Boerhout, C.K.M., Lee, J.M., Waard, G.A. de, Mejia-Renteria, H., Lee, S.H., Jung, J.H., Hoshino, M., Echavarria-Pinto, M., Meuwissen, M., Matsuo, H., Madera-Cambero, M., Eftekhari, A., Effat, M.A., Murai, T., Marques, K., Doh, J.H., Christiansen, E.H., Banerjee, R., Nam, C.W., Niccoli, G., Nakayama, M., Tanaka, N., Shin, E.S., Appelman, Y., Beijk, M.A.M., Royen, N. van, Knaapen, P., Escaned, J., Kakuta, T., Koo, B.K., Piek, J.J., Hoef, T.P. van de, Boerhout, C.K.M., Lee, J.M., Waard, G.A. de, Mejia-Renteria, H., Lee, S.H., Jung, J.H., Hoshino, M., Echavarria-Pinto, M., Meuwissen, M., Matsuo, H., Madera-Cambero, M., Eftekhari, A., Effat, M.A., Murai, T., Marques, K., Doh, J.H., Christiansen, E.H., Banerjee, R., Nam, C.W., Niccoli, G., Nakayama, M., Tanaka, N., Shin, E.S., Appelman, Y., Beijk, M.A.M., Royen, N. van, Knaapen, P., Escaned, J., Kakuta, T., Koo, B.K., Piek, J.J., and Hoef, T.P. van de
- Abstract
Contains fulltext : 295995.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access), AIMS: The microvascular resistance reserve (MRR) was introduced as a means to characterize the vasodilator reserve capacity of the coronary microcirculation while accounting for the influence of concomitant epicardial disease and the impact of administration of potent vasodilators on aortic pressure. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic performance of MRR. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 1481 patients with stable symptoms and a clinical indication for coronary angiography were included from the global ILIAS Registry. MRR was derived as a function of the coronary flow reserve (CFR) divided by the fractional flow reserve (FFR) and corrected for driving pressure. The median MRR was 2.97 [Q1-Q3: 2.32-3.86] and the overall relationship between MRR and CFR was good [correlation coefficient (Rs) = 0.88, P < 0.005]. The difference between CFR and MRR increased with decreasing FFR [coefficient of determination (R2) = 0.34; Coef.-2.88, 95% confidence interval (CI): -3.05--2.73; P < 0.005]. MRR was independently associated with major adverse cardiac events (MACE) at 5-year follow-up [hazard ratio (HR) 0.78; 95% CI 0.63-0.95; P = 0.024] and with target vessel failure (TVF) at 5-year follow-up (HR 0.83; 95% CI 0.76-0.97; P = 0.047). The optimal cut-off value of MRR was 3.0. Based on this cut-off value, only abnormal MRR was significantly associated with MACE and TVF at 5-year follow-up in vessels with functionally significant epicardial disease (FFR <0.75). CONCLUSION: MRR seems a robust indicator of the microvascular vasodilator reserve capacity. Moreover, in line with its theoretical background, this study suggests a diagnostic advantage of MRR over other indices of vasodilatory capacity in patients with hemodynamically significant epicardial coronary artery disease.
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- 2023
36. Sex differences in prevalence and outcomes of the different endotypes of chronic coronary syndrome in symptomatic patients undergoing invasive coronary angiography: Insights from the global ILIAS invasive coronary physiology registry.
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Vink, C.E.M., Woudstra, J., Lee, J.M., Boerhout, C.K.M., Cook, C.M., Hoshino, M., Mejia-Renteria, H., Lee, Shan Qi, Jung, J.H., Echavarria-Pinto, M., Meuwissen, M., Matsuo, H., Madera-Cambero, M., Eftekhari, A., Effat, M.A., Murai, T., Marques, K., Beijk, M.A.M., Doh, J.H., Piek, J.J., Hoef, T.P. van de, Christiansen, E.H., Banerjee, R., Nam, C.W., Niccoli, G., Nakayama, M., Tanaka, N., Shin, E.S., Royen, N. van, Chamuleau, S.A., Knaapen, P., Escaned, J., Kakuta, T., Koo, B.K., Appelman, Y., Waard, G.A. de, Vink, C.E.M., Woudstra, J., Lee, J.M., Boerhout, C.K.M., Cook, C.M., Hoshino, M., Mejia-Renteria, H., Lee, Shan Qi, Jung, J.H., Echavarria-Pinto, M., Meuwissen, M., Matsuo, H., Madera-Cambero, M., Eftekhari, A., Effat, M.A., Murai, T., Marques, K., Beijk, M.A.M., Doh, J.H., Piek, J.J., Hoef, T.P. van de, Christiansen, E.H., Banerjee, R., Nam, C.W., Niccoli, G., Nakayama, M., Tanaka, N., Shin, E.S., Royen, N. van, Chamuleau, S.A., Knaapen, P., Escaned, J., Kakuta, T., Koo, B.K., Appelman, Y., and Waard, G.A. de
- Abstract
Contains fulltext : 300155.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access), BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The management of chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) is informed by studies predominantly including men. This study investigated the relationship between patients sex and different endotypes of CCS, including sex-specific clinical outcomes. METHODS: In patients with CCS undergoing coronary angiography, invasive Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) and Coronary Flow Reserve (CFR) were measured. Patients were stratified into groups: 1) obstructive coronary artery disease (oCAD) (FFR≤0.80, no revascularization), 2) undergoing revascularization, 3) non-obstructive coronary artery disease with coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) (FFR>0.80, CFR≤2.5), and 4) non-obstructive coronary artery disease without CMD (FFR>0.80 and CFR>2.5). RESULTS: 1836 patients (2335 vessels) were included, comprising 1359 (74.0%) men and 477 (26.0%) women. oCAD was present in 14.1% and was significantly less prevalent in women than in men (10.3% vs 15.5%, respectively p < 0.01). Revascularization was present in 30.9% and was similarly prevalent in women and men (28.2% vs. 31.9%, respectively p = 0.13). CMD was present in 24.2% and was significantly more prevalent in women than men (28.6% vs 22.6%, respectively p < 0.01). Normal invasive measurements were found in 564 patients (33.0% women vs 30.0% men, p = 0.23). Male sex was associated with an increased risk of target vessel failure compared to women (HR.1.89, 95% CI 1.12-3.18, p = 0.018), regardless of CCS-endotype. CONCLUSIONS: Sex differences exist in the prevalence and outcomes of different endotypes of CCS in symptomatic patients undergoing invasive coronary angiography. In particular, oCAD (and subsequent revascularization) were more prevalent in men. Conversely, CMD was more prevalent in women. Overall, men experienced a worse cardiovascular outcome compared to women, independent of any specific CCS endotype., 01 november 2023
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- 2023
37. Crossed-beam experiment for the scattering of low- and intermediate-energy electrons from BF3: A comparative study with XF3 (X = C, N, and CH) molecules
- Author
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Hoshino, M., Limao Vieira, P., Suga, A., Kato, H., Ferreira da Silva, F., Blanco Ramos, Francisco, Garcia, G., Tanaka, H., Hoshino, M., Limao Vieira, P., Suga, A., Kato, H., Ferreira da Silva, F., Blanco Ramos, Francisco, Garcia, G., and Tanaka, H.
- Abstract
©2015 AIP Publishing LLC. This work was conducted under the support of the Japanese Ministry of Education, Sport, Culture, and Technology. F.F.S. acknowledges the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT-MEC) for post-doctoral No. SFRH/BPD/68979/2010 grant, and together with PL-V the Nos. UID/FIS/00068/2013 and PTDC/FIS-ATO/1832/2012 grants through FCT-MEC. PL-V also acknowledges his Visiting Professor position at Sophia University, Tokyo, Japan. F.B. and G.G. acknowledge the partial financial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitivided (Project No. FIS 2012-31230)., Absolute differential cross sections (DCSs) for electron interaction with BF3 molecules have been measured in the impact energy range of 1.5-200 eV and recorded over a scattering angle range of 15 degrees-150 degrees. These angular distributions have been normalized by reference to the elastic DCSs of the He atom and integrated by employing a modified phase shift analysis procedure to generate integral cross sections (ICSs) and momentum transfer cross sections (MTCSs). The calculations of DCSs and ICSs have been carried out using an independent atom model under the screening corrected additivity rule (IAM-SCAR). The present elastic DCSs have been found to agree well with the results of IAM-SCAR calculation above 20 eV, and also with a recent Schwinger multichannel calculation below 30 eV. Furthermore, in the comparison with the XF3 (X = B, C, N, and CH) molecules, the elastic DCSs reveal a similar angular distribution which are approximately equal in magnitude from 30 to 200 eV. This feature suggests that the elastic scattering is dominated virtually by the 3-outer fluorine atoms surrounding the XF3 molecules. The vibrational DCSs have also been obtained in the energy range of 1.5-15 eV and vibrational analysis based on the angular correlation theory has been carried out to explain the nature of the shape resonances. Limited experiments on vibrational inelastic scattering confirmed the existence of a shape resonance with a peak at 3.8 eV, which is also observed in the vibrational ICS. Finally, the estimated elastic ICSs, MTCSs, as well as total cross sections are compared with the previous cross section data available. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO), Ministry of Education, Sport, Culture, and Technology, Japan, Foundation for Science and Technology, Portugal, FCT-MEC, Depto. de Estructura de la Materia, Física Térmica y Electrónica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2023
38. Does waistline asymmetry (WLA) impact body image perception in the surgically treated AIS patients with Lenke 5C?
- Author
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Matsumura, A., primary, Shoji, Y., additional, Taniwaki, H., additional, Kinoshita, Y., additional, Hoshino, M., additional, and Namikawa, T., additional
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- 2023
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39. Magnetic reconnection driven by electron dynamics
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Kuramitsu, Y., Moritaka, T., Sakawa, Y., Morita, T., Sano, T., Koenig, M., Gregory, C. D., Woolsey, N., Tomita, K., Takabe, H., Liu, Y. L., Chen, S. H., Matsukiyo, S., and Hoshino, M.
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- 2018
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40. Different dietary protein levels for Podocnemis unifilis subadult farming: hematological and biochemical assessment
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BRASILIENSE, A. R. P., MENDONÇA, R. P., ALMEIDA, P. E. M. de, DAMASCENO, L. F., HOSHINO, M. D. F. G., YOSHIOKA, E. T. O., ALEXANDRE RENATO PINTO BRASILIENSE, UNIFAP-PPG EM BIODIVERSIDADE TROPICAL, RENAN PEREIRA MENDONÇA, PAULO ERIC MOREIRA DE ALMEIDA, LEANDRO FERNANDES DAMASCENO, CPAF-AP, MARIA DANIELLE FIGUEIREDO GUIMARÃES HOSHINO, UEAP, and ELIANE TIE OBA YOSHIOKA, CPAF-AP.
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Animal nutrition ,Genetic ,Nutrição Animal ,Ecology ,Genotypes ,Aquatic Science - Abstract
This study evaluated the physiological responses of subadult yellow-spotted Amazon river turtle, Podocnemis unifilis, to incremental crude protein levels (29%, 32%, 35%, and 39% CP) as extruded commercial feeds. The hematological and plasma bio-chemical parameters of P. unifilis were analyzed at 60, 120, and 180 days of the feeding trial. The increase in total thrombocyte, leukocyte, lymphocyte, heterophil, and eosinophil numbers, besides high respiratory burst activity showed an improvement in animal immune defense response to incremental protein in diets, acting together to maintain the integrity of the tissues against antigens and infectious agents. Elevated subadult P. unifilis plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride levels observed after increasing the feeding time (until 180 days) with incremented protein levels in artificial diets during captiv-ity are a nutritional warning, related to the condition of being less physically active. Based on these results, periodic physiological evaluations are particularly important to ensure the healthy and adequate nutritional conditions of captive-bred animals, such as maintaining lower stocking densities of animals to avoid stress and, if possible, providing them with fresh food in addition to extruded artificial feed. Made available in DSpace on 2022-08-09T10:20:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CPAF-AP-2022-Different-dietary-protein-levels.pdf: 5041428 bytes, checksum: 87d7d363dde6db1812cf9070d387a603 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021
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- 2021
41. Photochemistry of Nitric Oxide Adducts of Water-Soluble Iron(III) Porphyrin and Ferrihemoproteins Studied by Nanosecond Laser Photolysis
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Hoshino, M, Ozawa, K, Seki, H, and Ford, PC
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General Chemistry ,Chemical Sciences - Abstract
Water-soluble iron(III) porphyrin and ferrihemoproteins (methemoglobin, metmyoglobin, oxidized cytochrome c, and catalase) associate with NO to yield the nitric oxide adducts. The equilibrium constants for association of ferrihemoproteins and NO are 1 order of magnitude larger than that of the water-soluble iron(III) porphyrin which is free from protein, suggesting that the proteins offset the forward and backward reaction rates in the equilibrium reactions. Nanosecond laser photolysis studies of the nitric oxide adducts of metmyoglobin, oxidized cytochrome c, and catalase, (NO)MbIII, (NO)CytIII, and (NO)CatIII, have been carried out. The transient detected after laser flash photolysis of (NO)CatIII is identified as CatIII. However, the transients observed for (NO)MbIII and (NO)CytIII at 50 ns after laser pulsing are ascribed to MbIIItr and CytIIItr, respectively, with the absorption spectra different from those of uncomplexed MbIII and CytIII. In particular, the absorption spectrum of CytIIItr markedly differs from that of the uncomplexed CytIII. The species MbIIItr and CytIIItr are found to change to MbIII and CytIII, respectively, within a few microseconds. The quantum yields for the photodissociation of NO from nitric oxide adducts of ferrihemoproteins are 1 order of magnitude less than that from the NO adduct of the water-soluble iron(III) porphyrin, probably due to fast geminate recombination reaction of NO and ferrihemoprotein in a heme pocket. The photochemistry of the nitric oxide adducts of hemoproteins and water-soluble iron(II) porphyrin is also described on the basis of laser phosolysis studies. © 1993, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.
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- 1993
42. Relationship between OCT-derived plaque characteristics, CTA-derived coronary inflammation, and CMR-derived global coronary flow reserve in patients with acute coronary syndrome
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Sugiyama, T, primary, Kanaji, Y, additional, Hoshino, M, additional, Hada, M, additional, Misawa, T, additional, Nagamine, T, additional, Ueno, H, additional, Matsuda, K, additional, Sayama, K, additional, Yonetsu, T, additional, Sasano, T, additional, and Kakuta, T, additional
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- 2022
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43. Identification of coronary plaque rupture or erosion by preprocedural computed tomography angiography in patients with non-st-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome
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Nagamine, T, primary, Hoshino, M, additional, Matsuda, K, additional, Misawa, T, additional, Sugiyama, T, additional, Sasano, T, additional, Sayama, S, additional, Ueno, H, additional, Hada, M, additional, Yonetsu, T, additional, and Kakuta, T, additional
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- 2022
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44. Robust association between changes in coronary flow capacity following PCI and vessel-oriented outcomes
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Hamaya, R, primary, Yonetsu, T, additional, Ueno, H, additional, Hoshino, M, additional, Sugiyama, T, additional, Sasano, T, additional, and Kakuta, T, additional
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- 2022
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45. Prognostic implications of fractional flow reserve and coronary flow reserve after newer-generation drug-eluting stent implantation
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Ueno, H, primary, Hoshino, M, additional, Sugiyama, T, additional, Kanaji, Y, additional, Hada, M, additional, Misawa, T, additional, Nagamine, T, additional, Nogami, K, additional, Sayama, K, additional, Matsuda, K, additional, Yonetsu, T, additional, Sasano, T, additional, and Kakuta, T, additional
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- 2022
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46. Prognostic implication of unrecognized myocardial infarction in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome
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Sayama, K, primary, Hoshino, M, additional, Kanaji, Y, additional, Sugiyama, T, additional, Misawa, T, additional, Hada, M, additional, Nagamine, T, additional, Nogami, K, additional, Teng, Y, additional, Ueno, H, additional, Matsuda, K, additional, Yonetsu, T, additional, and Kakuta, T, additional
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- 2022
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47. Prognostic implications of unrecognized myocardial infarction before elective percutaneous coronary intervention
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Nogami, K, primary, Hoshino, M, additional, Kanaji, Y, additional, Sugiyama, T, additional, Misawa, T, additional, Hada, M, additional, Yamaguchi, M, additional, Nagamine, T, additional, Teng, Y, additional, Ueno, H, additional, Matsuda, K, additional, Sayama, K, additional, and Kakuta, T, additional
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- 2022
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48. the diagnostic value of left-anterior-descending artery velocity assessed by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography for microvascular dysfunction in stenotic left-anterior-descending artery
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Hada, M, primary, Hoshino, M, additional, Sugiyama, T, additional, Misawa, T, additional, Nagamine, T, additional, Ueno, H, additional, Matsuda, K, additional, Sayama, K, additional, Yonetsu, T, additional, Sasano, T, additional, and Kakuta, T, additional
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- 2022
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49. Diagnostic value of computed tomography myocardial perfusion to detect coexisting microvascular dysfunction in patients with obstructive epicardial coronary disease
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Hada, M, primary, Hoshino, M, additional, Sugiyama, T, additional, Misawa, T, additional, Nagamine, T, additional, Ueno, H, additional, Matsuda, K, additional, Sayama, K, additional, Yonetsu, T, additional, Sasano, T, additional, and Kakuta, T, additional
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- 2022
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50. Multimodality coronary imaging to predict non-culprit territory unrecognized myocardial infarction assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome
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Hoshino, M, primary, Sugiyama, T, additional, Kanaji, Y, additional, Hada, M, additional, Misawa, T, additional, Nagamine, T, additional, Ueno, H, additional, Matsuda, K, additional, Sayama, K, additional, Yonetsu, T, additional, Sasano, T, additional, and Kakuta, T, additional
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- 2022
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