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Los trabajadores humanitarios son un colectivo expuesto a niveles elevados de estrés crónico atribuibles a factores organizacionales como el liderazgo ineficiente, falta de cohesión de equipo, demanda de excesiva de trabajo, descansos insuficientes y falta de soporte psicosocial que sitúa al personal en situación vulnerable de pérdida de bienestar psíquico. Desde esta perspectiva, parece pertinente que la organización debe tener herramientas para preservar o mitigar al trabajador el riesgo aplicando las medidas de soporte psicosocial. El objetivo de este Trabajo Fin de Máster (TFM) es analizar la evolución de las medidas adoptadas en gestión del estrés del trabajador humanitario en el contexto de los programas internacionales de ayuda humanitaria, así como las medidas de apoyo recomendadas por ser más efectivas en la prevención de problemas de salud mental. Para ello, se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica descriptiva y evaluativa de los artículos, guías y programas relacionados con la promoción del bienestar y prevención de los problemas de salud mental en el contexto humanitario. Los resultados muestran que niveles elevados de estrés impactan negativamente en los individuos, las organizaciones y todo el sector ayuda, y destaca la responsabilidad moral social institucional y jurídica. Señala la obligación de implantar políticas de prevención de riesgos individualizado por perfiles y extensible a todas las fases de la misión. Esta situación hace necesario implementar políticas de gestión efectivas que permitan el crecimiento del individuo y el desarrollo de un clima laboral próspero., Humanitarian workers are a collective exposed to high levels of chronic stress due to organizational factors such as inefficient leadership, lack of group cohesion, excessive work load, inefficient rest and lack of psychosocial support that places the individual in a vulnerable situation of loss of mental wellbeing. From this perspective, it seems pertinent for the organizations to have the tools to preserve or mitigate the risk from the worker by applying the measures of psychosocial support. The aim of this Master’s Project is to analyze the evolution of the measures adopted in the management of stress in the humanitarian worker in the context of international programs of humanitarian help, and also the measures of support recommended for being more effective in the prevention of mental health issues. In order to identify the relevant literature, it was included bibliographic narrative and was made a review of the articles, guides and programs all related with the promotion of wellbeing and prevention of the mental health issues in this context The results show that high levels of stress impact negatively in the individuals, organizations and all the human aids sector and stand out the moral, social, institutional and legal responsibility. It emphasizes the obligation of implanting risk prevention individualized profiles politics individualizing by profiles and do it extensible at all phases of the mission. This situation makes necessary the implementation of management politics that allows the growth of the individual and the development of a prosperous working environment., Máster Universitario en Acción Humanitaria Sanitaria (M161)

Objective: To describe the current research literature on mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) concerning humanitarian field workers. Method: Using a scoping review method, a search was conducted in eight electronic bibliographic databases, yielding 5185 references. Grey literature was identified by snowballing relevant websites and hand searching key journals, adding another two records. Ancestry search of key references added twelve. After removing duplicates and screening by selection criteria, a final 73 records were selected for the review. Results: The knowledge base is modest, but has seen rapid growth over the last decade. Cross-sectional retrospective designs are overrepresented. Most study humanitarian workers, only a few investigate organizations. The majority is interested in stressors, risk factors and adverse health, and fewer studies look for health benefits. Western expatriate staff are overrepresented, as are workers with professional health backgrounds. Humanitarians experience elevated rates of exposure to traumatic and chronic stressors, and seeming consequences are post-traumatic stress symptoms, anxiety, depression and burnout. Key risk factors are young age, inexperience, lack of training and a spectrum of organizational factors. Protective factors are training and social support systems. Humanitarians also experience notable work related wellbeing, benefits and growth. Ethical distress, moral dilemmas and inner conflict is a major theme arising from qualitative studies. Conclusions: Main findings adhere with the psycho-trauma literature at large, and with findings on related professions. The humanitarian work experience is characterized by complex distress and growth, which warrants further studies. There is particular need for more research on organizations as such, leadership, national staff, staff with non-health professional backgrounds, as well as the distinct and complicated ethical experiences of humanitarian workers.