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1. The James Webb Space Telescope Mission

Author

Gardner, Jonathan P., Mather, John C., Abbott, Randy, Abell, James S., Abernathy, Mark, Abney, Faith E., Abraham, John G., Abraham, Roberto, Abul-Huda, Yasin M., Acton, Scott, Adams, Cynthia K., Adams, Evan, Adler, David S., Adriaensen, Maarten, Aguilar, Jonathan Albert, Ahmed, Mansoor, Ahmed, Nasif S., Ahmed, Tanjira, Albat, Rüdeger, Albert, Loïc, Alberts, Stacey, Aldridge, David, Allen, Mary Marsha, Allen, Shaune S., Altenburg, Martin, Altunc, Serhat, Alvarez, Jose Lorenzo, Álvarez-Márquez, Javier, de Oliveira, Catarina Alves, Ambrose, Leslie L., Anandakrishnan, Satya M., Andersen, Gregory C., Anderson, Harry James, Anderson, Jay, Anderson, Kristen, Anderson, Sara M., Aprea, Julio, Archer, Benita J., Arenberg, Jonathan W., Argyriou, Ioannis, Arribas, Santiago, Artigau, Étienne, Arvai, Amanda Rose, Atcheson, Paul, Atkinson, Charles B., Averbukh, Jesse, Aymergen, Cagatay, Bacinski, John J., Baggett, Wayne E., Bagnasco, Giorgio, Baker, Lynn L., Balzano, Vicki Ann, Banks, Kimberly A., Baran, David A., Barker, Elizabeth A., Barrett, Larry K., Barringer, Bruce O., Barto, Allison, Bast, William, Baudoz, Pierre, Baum, Stefi, Beatty, Thomas G., Beaulieu, Mathilde, Bechtold, Kathryn, Beck, Tracy, Beddard, Megan M., Beichman, Charles, Bellagama, Larry, Bely, Pierre, Berger, Timothy W., Bergeron, Louis E., Darveau-Bernier, Antoine, Bertch, Maria D., Beskow, Charlotte, Betz, Laura E., Biagetti, Carl P., Birkmann, Stephan, Bjorklund, Kurt F., Blackwood, James D., Blazek, Ronald Paul, Blossfeld, Stephen, Bluth, Marcel, Boccaletti, Anthony, Boegner Jr., Martin E., Bohlin, Ralph C., Boia, John Joseph, Böker, Torsten, Bonaventura, N., Bond, Nicholas A., Bosley, Kari Ann, Boucarut, Rene A., Bouchet, Patrice, Bouwman, Jeroen, Bower, Gary, Bowers, Ariel S., Bowers, Charles W., Boyce, Leslye A., Boyer, Christine T., Boyer, Martha L., Boyer, Michael, Boyer, Robert, Bradley, Larry D., Brady, Gregory R., Brandl, Bernhard R., Brannen, Judith L., Breda, David, Bremmer, Harold G., Brennan, David, Bresnahan, Pamela A., Bright, Stacey N., Broiles, Brian J., Bromenschenkel, Asa, Brooks, Brian H., Brooks, Keira J., Brown, Bob, Brown, Bruce, Brown, Thomas M., Bruce, Barry W., Bryson, Jonathan G., Bujanda, Edwin D., Bullock, Blake M., Bunker, A. J., Bureo, Rafael, Burt, Irving J., Bush, James Aaron, Bushouse, Howard A., Bussman, Marie C., Cabaud, Olivier, Cale, Steven, Calhoon, Charles D., Calvani, Humberto, Canipe, Alicia M., Caputo, Francis M., Cara, Mihai, Carey, Larkin, Case, Michael Eli, Cesari, Thaddeus, Cetorelli, Lee D., Chance, Don R., Chandler, Lynn, Chaney, Dave, Chapman, George N., Charlot, S., Chayer, Pierre, Cheezum, Jeffrey I., Chen, Bin, Chen, Christine H., Cherinka, Brian, Chichester, Sarah C., Chilton, Zachary S., Chittiraibalan, Dharini, Clampin, Mark, Clark, Charles R., Clark, Kerry W., Clark, Stephanie M., Claybrooks, Edward E., Cleveland, Keith A., Cohen, Andrew L., Cohen, Lester M., Colón, Knicole D., Coleman, Benee L., Colina, Luis, Comber, Brian J., Comeau, Thomas M., Comer, Thomas, Reis, Alain Conde, Connolly, Dennis C., Conroy, Kyle E., Contos, Adam R., Contreras, James, Cook, Neil J., Cooper, James L., Cooper, Rachel Aviva, Correia, Michael F., Correnti, Matteo, Cossou, Christophe, Costanza, Brian F., Coulais, Alain, Cox, Colin R., Coyle, Ray T., Cracraft, Misty M., Noriega-Crespo, Alberto, Crew, Keith A., Curtis, Gary J., Cusveller, Bianca, Maciel, Cleyciane Da Costa, Dailey, Christopher T., Daugeron, Frédéric, Davidson, Greg S., Davies, James E., Davis, Katherine Anne, Davis, Michael S., Day, Ratna, de Chambure, Daniel, de Jong, Pauline, De Marchi, Guido, Dean, Bruce H., Decker, John E., Delisa, Amy S., Dell, Lawrence C., Dellagatta, Gail, Dembinska, Franciszka, Demosthenes, Sandor, Dencheva, Nadezhda M., Deneu, Philippe, DePriest, William W., Deschenes, Jeremy, Dethienne, Nathalie, Detre, Örs Hunor, Diaz, Rosa Izela, Dicken, Daniel, DiFelice, Audrey S., Dillman, Matthew, Disharoon, Maureen O., van Dishoeck, Ewine F., Dixon, William V., Doggett, Jesse B., Dominguez, Keisha L., Donaldson, Thomas S., Doria-Warner, Cristina M., Santos, Tony Dos, Doty, Heather, Douglas Jr., Robert E., Doyon, René, Dressler, Alan, Driggers, Jennifer, Driggers, Phillip A., Dunn, Jamie L., DuPrie, Kimberly C., Dupuis, Jean, Durning, John, Dutta, Sanghamitra B., Earl, Nicholas M., Eccleston, Paul, Ecobichon, Pascal, Egami, Eiichi, Ehrenwinkler, Ralf, Eisenhamer, Jonathan D., Eisenhower, Michael, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Hamel, Zaky El, Elie, Michelle L., Elliott, James, Elliott, Kyle Wesley, Engesser, Michael, Espinoza, Néstor, Etienne, Odessa, Etxaluze, Mireya, Evans, Leah, Fabreguettes, Luce, Falcolini, Massimo, Falini, Patrick R., Fatig, Curtis, Feeney, Matthew, Feinberg, Lee D., Fels, Raymond, Ferdous, Nazma, Ferguson, Henry C., Ferrarese, Laura, Ferreira, Marie-Héléne, Ferruit, Pierre, Ferry, Malcolm, Filippazzo, Joseph Charles, Firre, Daniel, Fix, Mees, Flagey, Nicolas, Flanagan, Kathryn A., Fleming, Scott W., Florian, Michael, Flynn, James R., Foiadelli, Luca, Fontaine, Mark R., Fontanella, Erin Marie, Forshay, Peter Randolph, Fortner, Elizabeth A., Fox, Ori D., Framarini, Alexandro P., Francisco, John I., Franck, Randy, Franx, Marijn, Franz, David E., Friedman, Scott D., Friend, Katheryn E., Frost, James R., Fu, Henry, Fullerton, Alexander W., Gaillard, Lionel, Galkin, Sergey, Gallagher, Ben, Galyer, Anthony D., Marín, Macarena García, Gardner, Lisa E., Garland, Dennis, Garrett, Bruce Albert, Gasman, Danny, Gáspár, András, Gastaud, René, Gaudreau, Daniel, Gauthier, Peter Timothy, Geers, Vincent, Geithner, Paul H., Gennaro, Mario, Gerber, John, Gereau, John C., Giampaoli, Robert, Giardino, Giovanna, Gibbons, Paul C., Gilbert, Karolina, Gilman, Larry, Girard, Julien H., Giuliano, Mark E., Gkountis, Konstantinos, Glasse, Alistair, Glassmire, Kirk Zachary, Glauser, Adrian Michael, Glazer, Stuart D., Goldberg, Joshua, Golimowski, David A., Gonzaga, Shireen P., Gordon, Karl D., Gordon, Shawn J., Goudfrooij, Paul, Gough, Michael J., Graham, Adrian J., Grau, Christopher M., Green, Joel David, Greene, Gretchen R., Greene, Thomas P., Greenfield, Perry E., Greenhouse, Matthew A., Greve, Thomas R., Greville, Edgar M., Grimaldi, Stefano, Groe, Frank E., Groebner, Andrew, Grumm, David M., Grundy, Timothy, Güdel, Manuel, Guillard, Pierre, Guldalian, John, Gunn, Christopher A., Gurule, Anthony, Gutman, Irvin Meyer, Guy, Paul D., Guyot, Benjamin, Hack, Warren J., Haderlein, Peter, Hagan, James B., Hagedorn, Andria, Hainline, Kevin, Haley, Craig, Hami, Maryam, Hamilton, Forrest Clifford, Hammann, Jeffrey, Hammel, Heidi B., Hanley, Christopher J., Hansen, Carl August, Hardy, Bruce, Harnisch, Bernd, Harr, Michael Hunter, Harris, Pamela, Hart, Jessica Ann, Hartig, George F., Hasan, Hashima, Hashim, Kathleen Marie, Hashimoto, Ryan, Haskins, Sujee J., Hawkins, Robert Edward, Hayden, Brian, Hayden, William L., Healy, Mike, Hecht, Karen, Heeg, Vince J., Hejal, Reem, Helm, Kristopher A., Hengemihle, Nicholas J., Henning, Thomas, Henry, Alaina, Henry, Ronald L., Henshaw, Katherine, Hernandez, Scarlin, Herrington, Donald C., Heske, Astrid, Hesman, Brigette Emily, Hickey, David L., Hilbert, Bryan N., Hines, Dean C., Hinz, Michael R., Hirsch, Michael, Hitcho, Robert S., Hodapp, Klaus, Hodge, Philip E., Hoffman, Melissa, Holfeltz, Sherie T., Holler, Bryan Jason, Hoppa, Jennifer Rose, Horner, Scott, Howard, Joseph M., Howard, Richard J., Huber, Jean M., Hunkeler, Joseph S., Hunter, Alexander, Hunter, David Gavin, Hurd, Spencer W., Hurst, Brendan J., Hutchings, John B., Hylan, Jason E., Ignat, Luminita Ilinca, Illingworth, Garth, Irish, Sandra M., Isaacs III, John C., Jackson Jr., Wallace C., Jaffe, Daniel T., Jahic, Jasmin, Jahromi, Amir, Jakobsen, Peter, James, Bryan, James, John C., James, LeAndrea Rae, Jamieson, William Brian, Jandra, Raymond D., Jayawardhana, Ray, Jedrzejewski, Robert, Jeffers, Basil S., Jensen, Peter, Joanne, Egges, Johns, Alan T., Johnson, Carl A., Johnson, Eric L., Johnson, Patricia, Johnson, Phillip Stephen, Johnson, Thomas K., Johnson, Timothy W., Johnstone, Doug, Jollet, Delphine, Jones, Danny P., Jones, Gregory S., Jones, Olivia C., Jones, Ronald A., Jones, Vicki, Jordan, Ian J., Jordan, Margaret E., Jue, Reginald, Jurkowski, Mark H., Justis, Grant, Justtanont, Kay, Kaleida, Catherine C., Kalirai, Jason S., Kalmanson, Phillip Cabrales, Kaltenegger, Lisa, Kammerer, Jens, Kan, Samuel K., Kanarek, Graham Childs, Kao, Shaw-Hong, Karakla, Diane M., Karl, Hermann, Kassin, Susan A., Kauffman, David D., Kavanagh, Patrick, Kelley, Leigh L., Kelly, Douglas M., Kendrew, Sarah, Kennedy, Herbert V., Kenny, Deborah A., Keski-Kuha, Ritva A., Keyes, Charles D., Khan, Ali, Kidwell, Richard C., Kimble, Randy A., King, James S., King, Richard C., Kinzel, Wayne M., Kirk, Jeffrey R., Kirkpatrick, Marc E., Klaassen, Pamela, Klingemann, Lana, Klintworth, Paul U., Knapp, Bryan Adam, Knight, Scott, Knollenberg, Perry J., Knutsen, Daniel Mark, Koehler, Robert, Koekemoer, Anton M., Kofler, Earl T., Kontson, Vicki L., Kovacs, Aiden Rose, Kozhurina-Platais, Vera, Krause, Oliver, Kriss, Gerard A., Krist, John, Kristoffersen, Monica R., Krogel, Claudia, Krueger, Anthony P., Kulp, Bernard A., Kumari, Nimisha, Kwan, Sandy W., Kyprianou, Mark, Labador, Aurora Gadiano, Labiano, Álvaro, Lafrenière, David, Lagage, Pierre-Olivier, Laidler, Victoria G., Laine, Benoit, Laird, Simon, Lajoie, Charles-Philippe, Lallo, Matthew D., Lam, May Yen, LaMassa, Stephanie Marie, Lambros, Scott D., Lampenfield, Richard Joseph, Lander, Matthew Ed, Langston, James Hutton, Larson, Kirsten, Larson, Melora, LaVerghetta, Robert Joseph, Law, David R., Lawrence, Jon F., Lee, David W., Lee, Janice, Lee, Yat-Ning Paul, Leisenring, Jarron, Leveille, Michael Dunlap, Levenson, Nancy A., Levi, Joshua S., Levine, Marie B., Lewis, Dan, Lewis, Jake, Lewis, Nikole, Libralato, Mattia, Lidon, Norbert, Liebrecht, Paula Louisa, Lightsey, Paul, Lilly, Simon, Lim, Frederick C., Lim, Pey Lian, Ling, Sai-Kwong, Link, Lisa J., Link, Miranda Nicole, Lipinski, Jamie L., Liu, XiaoLi, Lo, Amy S., Lobmeyer, Lynette, Logue, Ryan M., Long, Chris A., Long, Douglas R., Long, Ilana D., Long, Knox S., López-Caniego, Marcos, Lotz, Jennifer M., Love-Pruitt, Jennifer M., Lubskiy, Michael, Luers, Edward B., Luetgens, Robert A., Luevano, Annetta J., Lui, Sarah Marie G. Flores, Lund III, James M., Lundquist, Ray A., Lunine, Jonathan, Lützgendorf, Nora, Lynch, Richard J., MacDonald, Alex J., MacDonald, Kenneth, Macias, Matthew J., Macklis, Keith I., Maghami, Peiman, Maharaja, Rishabh Y., Maiolino, Roberto, Makrygiannis, Konstantinos G., Malla, Sunita Giri, Malumuth, Eliot M., Manjavacas, Elena, Marini, Andrea, Marrione, Amanda, Marston, Anthony, Martel, André R, Martin, Didier, Martin, Peter G., Martinez, Kristin L., Maschmann, Marc, Masci, Gregory L., Masetti, Margaret E., Maszkiewicz, Michael, Matthews, Gary, Matuskey, Jacob E., McBrayer, Glen A., McCarthy, Donald W., McCaughrean, Mark J., McClare, Leslie A., McClare, Michael D., McCloskey, John C., McClurg, Taylore D., McCoy, Martin, McElwain, Michael W., McGregor, Roy D., McGuffey, Douglas B., McKay, Andrew G., McKenzie, William K., McLean, Brian, McMaster, Matthew, McNeil, Warren, De Meester, Wim, Mehalick, Kimberly L., Meixner, Margaret, Meléndez, Marcio, Menzel, Michael P., Menzel, Michael T., Merz, Matthew, Mesterharm, David D., Meyer, Michael R., Meyett, Michele L., Meza, Luis E., Midwinter, Calvin, Milam, Stefanie N., Miller, Jay Todd, Miller, William C., Miskey, Cherie L., Misselt, Karl, Mitchell, Eileen P., Mohan, Martin, Montoya, Emily E., Moran, Michael J., Morishita, Takahiro, Moro-Martín, Amaya, Morrison, Debra L., Morrison, Jane, Morse, Ernie C., Moschos, Michael, Moseley, S. H., Mosier, Gary E., Mosner, Peter, Mountain, Matt, Muckenthaler, Jason S., Mueller, Donald G., Mueller, Migo, Muhiem, Daniella, Mühlmann, Prisca, Mullally, Susan Elizabeth, Mullen, Stephanie M., Munger, Alan J, Murphy, Jess, Murray, Katherine T., Muzerolle, James C., Mycroft, Matthew, Myers, Andrew, Myers, Carey R., Myers, Fred Richard R., Myers, Richard, Myrick, Kaila, Nagle IV, Adrian F., Nayak, Omnarayani, Naylor, Bret, Neff, Susan G., Nelan, Edmund P., Nella, John, Nguyen, Duy Tuong, Nguyen, Michael N., Nickson, Bryony, Nidhiry, John Joseph, Niedner, Malcolm B., Nieto-Santisteban, Maria, Nikolov, Nikolay K., Nishisaka, Mary Ann, Nota, Antonella, O'Mara, Robyn C., Oboryshko, Michael, O'Brien, Marcus B., Ochs, William R., Offenberg, Joel D., Ogle, Patrick Michael, Ohl, Raymond G., Olmsted, Joseph Hamden, Osborne, Shannon Barbara, O'Shaughnessy, Brian Patrick, Östlin, Göran, O'Sullivan, Brian, Otor, O. Justin, Ottens, Richard, Ouellette, Nathalie N. -Q., Outlaw, Daria J., Owens, Beverly A., Pacifici, Camilla, Page, James Christophe, Paranilam, James G., Park, Sang, Parrish, Keith A., Paschal, Laura, Patapis, Polychronis, Patel, Jignasha, Patrick, Keith, Pattishall Jr., Robert A., Paul, Douglas William, Paul, Shirley J., Pauly, Tyler Andrew, Pavlovsky, Cheryl M., Peña-Guerrero, Maria, Pedder, Andrew H., Peek, Matthew Weldon, Pelham, Patricia A., Penanen, Konstantin, Perriello, Beth A., Perrin, Marshall D., Perrine, Richard F., Perrygo, Chuck, Peslier, Muriel, Petach, Michael, Peterson, Karla A., Pfarr, Tom, Pierson, James M., Pietraszkiewicz, Martin, Pilchen, Guy, Pipher, Judy L., Pirzkal, Norbert, Pitman, Joseph T., Player, Danielle M., Plesha, Rachel, Plitzke, Anja, Pohner, John A., Poletis, Karyn Konstantin, Pollizzi, Joseph A., Polster, Ethan, Pontius, James T., Pontoppidan, Klaus, Porges, Susana C., Potter, Gregg D., Prescott, Stephen, Proffitt, Charles R., Pueyo, Laurent, Neira, Irma Aracely Quispe, Radich, Armando, Rager, Reiko T., Rameau, Julien, Ramey, Deborah D., Alarcon, Rafael Ramos, Rampini, Riccardo, Rapp, Robert, Rashford, Robert A., Rauscher, Bernard J., Ravindranath, Swara, Rawle, Timothy, Rawlings, Tynika N., Ray, Tom, Regan, Michael W., Rehm, Brian, Rehm, Kenneth D., Reid, Neill, Reis, Carl A., Renk, Florian, Reoch, Tom B., Ressler, Michael, Rest, Armin W., Reynolds, Paul J., Richon, Joel G., Richon, Karen V., Ridgaway, Michael, Riedel, Adric Richard, Rieke, George H., Rieke, Marcia, Rifelli, Richard E., Rigby, Jane R., Riggs, Catherine S., Ringel, Nancy J., Ritchie, Christine E., Rix, Hans-Walter, Robberto, Massimo, Robinson, Michael S., Robinson, Orion, Rock, Frank W., Rodriguez, David R., del Pino, Bruno Rodríguez, Roellig, Thomas, Rohrbach, Scott O., Roman, Anthony J., Romelfanger, Frederick J., Romo Jr., Felipe P., Rosales, Jose J., Rose, Perry, Roteliuk, Anthony F., Roth, Marc N., Rothwell, Braden Quinn, Rouzaud, Sylvain, Rowe, Jason, Rowlands, Neil, Roy, Arpita, Royer, Pierre, Rui, Chunlei, Rumler, Peter, Rumpl, William, Russ, Melissa L., Ryan, Michael B., Ryan, Richard M., Saad, Karl, Sabata, Modhumita, Sabatino, Rick, Sabbi, Elena, Sabelhaus, Phillip A., Sabia, Stephen, Sahu, Kailash C., Saif, Babak N., Salvignol, Jean-Christophe, Samara-Ratna, Piyal, Samuelson, Bridget S., Sanders, Felicia A., Sappington, Bradley, Sargent, B. A., Sauer, Arne, Savadkin, Bruce J., Sawicki, Marcin, Schappell, Tina M., Scheffer, Caroline, Scheithauer, Silvia, Scherer, Ron, Schiff, Conrad, Schlawin, Everett, Schmeitzky, Olivier, Schmitz, Tyler S., Schmude, Donald J., Schneider, Analyn, Schreiber, Jürgen, Schroeven-Deceuninck, Hilde, Schultz, John J., Schwab, Ryan, Schwartz, Curtis H., Scoccimarro, Dario, Scott, John F., Scott, Michelle B., Seaton, Bonita L., Seely, Bruce S., Seery, Bernard, Seidleck, Mark, Sembach, Kenneth, Shanahan, Clare Elizabeth, Shaughnessy, Bryan, Shaw, Richard A., Shay, Christopher Michael, Sheehan, Even, Sheth, Kartik, Shih, Hsin-Yi, Shivaei, Irene, Siegel, Noah, Sienkiewicz, Matthew G., Simmons, Debra D., Simon, Bernard P., Sirianni, Marco, Sivaramakrishnan, Anand, Slade, Jeffrey E., Sloan, G. C., Slocum, Christine E., Slowinski, Steven E., Smith, Corbett T., Smith, Eric P., Smith, Erin C., Smith, Koby, Smith, Robert, Smith, Stephanie J., Smolik, John L., Soderblom, David R., Sohn, Sangmo Tony, Sokol, Jeff, Sonneborn, George, Sontag, Christopher D., Sooy, Peter R., Soummer, Remi, Southwood, Dana M., Spain, Kay, Sparmo, Joseph, Speer, David T., Spencer, Richard, Sprofera, Joseph D., Stallcup, Scott S., Stanley, Marcia K., Stansberry, John A., Stark, Christopher C., Starr, Carl W., Stassi, Diane Y., Steck, Jane A., Steeley, Christine D., Stephens, Matthew A., Stephenson, Ralph J., Stewart, Alphonso C., Stiavelli, Massimo, Stockman Jr., Hervey, Strada, Paolo, Straughn, Amber N., Streetman, Scott, Strickland, David Kendal, Strobele, Jingping F., Stuhlinger, Martin, Stys, Jeffrey Edward, Such, Miguel, Sukhatme, Kalyani, Sullivan, Joseph F., Sullivan, Pamela C., Sumner, Sandra M., Sun, Fengwu, Sunnquist, Benjamin Dale, Swade, Daryl Allen, Swam, Michael S., Swenton, Diane F., Swoish, Robby A., Litten, Oi In Tam, Tamas, Laszlo, Tao, Andrew, Taylor, David K., Taylor, Joanna M., Plate, Maurice te, Van Tea, Mason, Teague, Kelly K., Telfer, Randal C., Temim, Tea, Texter, Scott C., Thatte, Deepashri G., Thompson, Christopher Lee, Thompson, Linda M., Thomson, Shaun R., Thronson, Harley, Tierney, C. M., Tikkanen, Tuomo, Tinnin, Lee, Tippet, William Thomas, Todd, Connor William, Tran, Hien D., Trauger, John, Trejo, Edwin Gregorio, Truong, Justin Hoang Vinh, Tsukamoto, Christine L., Tufail, Yasir, Tumlinson, Jason, Tustain, Samuel, Tyra, Harrison, Ubeda, Leonardo, Underwood, Kelli, Uzzo, Michael A., Vaclavik, Steven, Valenduc, Frida, Valenti, Jeff A., Van Campen, Julie, van de Wetering, Inge, Van Der Marel, Roeland P., van Haarlem, Remy, Vandenbussche, Bart, Vanterpool, Dona D., Vernoy, Michael R., Costas, Maria Begoña Vila, Volk, Kevin, Voorzaat, Piet, Voyton, Mark F., Vydra, Ekaterina, Waddy, Darryl J., Waelkens, Christoffel, Wahlgren, Glenn Michael, Walker Jr., Frederick E., Wander, Michel, Warfield, Christine K., Warner, Gerald, Wasiak, Francis C., Wasiak, Matthew F., Wehner, James, Weiler, Kevin R., Weilert, Mark, Weiss, Stanley B., Wells, Martyn, Welty, Alan D., Wheate, Lauren, Wheeler, Thomas P., White, Christy L., Whitehouse, Paul, Whiteleather, Jennifer Margaret, Whitman, William Russell, Williams, Christina C., Willmer, Christopher N. A., Willott, Chris J., Willoughby, Scott P., Wilson, Andrew, Wilson, Debra, Wilson, Donna V., Windhorst, Rogier, Wislowski, Emily Christine, Wolfe, David J., Wolfe, Michael A., Wolff, Schuyler, Wondel, Amancio, Woo, Cindy, Woods, Robert T., Worden, Elaine, Workman, William, Wright, Gillian S., Wu, Carl, Wu, Chi-Rai, Wun, Dakin D., Wymer, Kristen B., Yadetie, Thomas, Yan, Isabelle C., Yang, Keith C., Yates, Kayla L., Yeager, Christopher R., Yerger, Ethan John, Young, Erick T., Young, Gary, Yu, Gene, Yu, Susan, Zak, Dean S., Zeidler, Peter, Zepp, Robert, Zhou, Julia, Zincke, Christian A., Zonak, Stephanie, and Zondag, Elisabeth

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Twenty-six years ago a small committee report, building on earlier studies, expounded a compelling and poetic vision for the future of astronomy, calling for an infrared-optimized space telescope with an aperture of at least $4m$. With the support of their governments in the US, Europe, and Canada, 20,000 people realized that vision as the $6.5m$ James Webb Space Telescope. A generation of astronomers will celebrate their accomplishments for the life of the mission, potentially as long as 20 years, and beyond. This report and the scientific discoveries that follow are extended thank-you notes to the 20,000 team members. The telescope is working perfectly, with much better image quality than expected. In this and accompanying papers, we give a brief history, describe the observatory, outline its objectives and current observing program, and discuss the inventions and people who made it possible. We cite detailed reports on the design and the measured performance on orbit., Comment: Accepted by PASP for the special issue on The James Webb Space Telescope Overview, 29 pages, 4 figures

Published
2023
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2. First observations of core-transiting seismic phases on Mars

Author

Irving, Jessica CE, Lekić, Vedran, Durán, Cecilia, Drilleau, Mélanie, Kim, Doyeon, Rivoldini, Attilio, Khan, Amir, Samuel, Henri, Antonangeli, Daniele, Banerdt, William Bruce, Beghein, Caroline, Bozdağ, Ebru, Ceylan, Savas, Charalambous, Constantinos, Clinton, John, Davis, Paul, Garcia, Raphaël, Giardini, Domenico, Horleston, Anna Catherine, Huang, Quancheng, Hurst, Kenneth J, Kawamura, Taichi, King, Scott D, Knapmeyer, Martin, Li, Jiaqi, Lognonné, Philippe, Maguire, Ross, Panning, Mark P, Plesa, Ana-Catalina, Schimmel, Martin, Schmerr, Nicholas C, Stähler, Simon C, Stutzmann, Eleonore, and Xu, Zongbo

Subjects
Mars, core evolution, planetary structure
Abstract

We present the first observations of seismic waves propagating through the core of Mars. These observations, made using seismic data collected by the InSight geophysical mission, have allowed us to construct the first seismically constrained models for the elastic properties of Mars' core. We observe core-transiting seismic phase SKS from two farside seismic events detected on Mars and measure the travel times of SKS relative to mantle traversing body waves. SKS travels through the core as a compressional wave, providing information about bulk modulus and density. We perform probabilistic inversions using the core-sensitive relative travel times together with gross geophysical data and travel times from other, more proximal, seismic events to seek the equation of state parameters that best describe the liquid iron-alloy core. Our inversions provide constraints on the velocities in Mars' core and are used to develop the first seismically based estimates of its composition. We show that models informed by our SKS data favor a somewhat smaller (median core radius = 1,780 to 1,810 km) and denser (core density = 6.2 to 6.3 g/cm3) core compared to previous estimates, with a P-wave velocity of 4.9 to 5.0 km/s at the core-mantle boundary, with the composition and structure of the mantle as a dominant source of uncertainty. We infer from our models that Mars' core contains a median of 20 to 22 wt% light alloying elements when we consider sulfur, oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen. These data can be used to inform models of planetary accretion, composition, and evolution.

Published
2023

3. The Effects of Asymmetric Dark Matter on Stellar Evolution I: Spin-Dependent Scattering

Author

Raen, Troy J., Martínez-Rodríguez, Héctor, Hurst, Travis J., Zentner, Andrew R., Badenes, Carles, and Tao, Rachel

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

Most of the dark matter (DM) search over the last few decades has focused on WIMPs, but the viable parameter space is quickly shrinking. Asymmetric Dark Matter (ADM) is a WIMP-like DM candidate with slightly smaller masses and no present day annihilation, meaning that stars can capture and build up large quantities. The captured ADM can transport energy through a significant volume of the star. We investigate the effects of spin-dependent ADM energy transport on stellar structure and evolution in stars with $0.9 \leq M_{\star}/\mathrm{M}_{\odot} \leq 5.0$ in varying DM environments. We wrote a MESA module that calculates the capture of DM and the subsequent energy transport within the star. We fix the DM mass to 5 GeV and the cross section to $10^{-37} \mathrm{cm{^2}}$, and study varying environments by scaling the DM capture rate. For stars with radiative cores ($M_{\star} \lesssim 1.3\ \mathrm{M}_{\odot}$), the presence of ADM flattens the temperature and burning profiles in the core and increases MS ($X_c > 10^{-3}$) lifetimes by up to $\sim 20\%$. We find that strict requirements on energy conservation are crucial to the simulation of ADM's effects on these stars. In higher-mass stars, ADM energy transport shuts off core convection, limiting available fuel and shortening MS lifetimes by up to $\sim 40\%$. This may translate to changes in the luminosity and effective temperature of the MS turnoff in population isochrones. The tip of the red giant branch may occur at lower luminosities. The effects are largest in DM environments with high densities and/or low velocity dispersions, making dwarf and early forming galaxies most likely to display the effects., Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

Published
2020
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4. Children with Speech and Language Disabilities

Author

Hurst, KeShawn J.

Abstract

This paper will examine the cognitive development. Specifically, it will include and inform others about the cognitive development of children with speech and language disabilities. In addition, it will be discussing the major factors of speech and language impairment and assistive technologies that can affect the students' academic performance

Published
2018

5. On the Ejection of Dark Matter from Globular Clusters

Author

Hurst, Travis J. and Zentner, Andrew R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We investigate analytically whether in a close encounter with a star, a Dark Matter particle can be accelerated above the escape speed of a Globular Cluster and be ejected. We find that this mechanism is not sufficient to eject a massive, extended Dark Matter halo by the present time. Combined with observations of isolated Globular Clusters that may not have had their halos tidally stripped, these results cast doubt on the scenario in which Globular Clusters formed in Dark Matter halos.

Published
2019
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6. Ring-opening polymerization-induced crystallization-driven self-assembly of poly-L-lactide-block-polyethylene glycol block copolymers (ROPI-CDSA).

Author

Hurst, Paul J, Rakowski, Alexander M, and Patterson, Joseph P

Abstract

The self-assembly of block copolymers into 1D, 2D and 3D nano- and microstructures is of great interest for a wide range of applications. A key challenge in this field is obtaining independent control over molecular structure and hierarchical structure in all dimensions using scalable one-pot chemistry. Here we report on the ring opening polymerization-induced crystallization-driven self-assembly (ROPI-CDSA) of poly-L-lactide-block-polyethylene glycol block copolymers into 1D, 2D and 3D nanostructures. A key feature of ROPI-CDSA is that the polymerization time is much shorter than the self-assembly relaxation time, resulting in a non-equilibrium self-assembly process. The self-assembly mechanism is analyzed by cryo-transmission electron microscopy, wide-angle x-ray scattering, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and turbidity studies. The analysis revealed that the self-assembly mechanism is dependent on both the polymer molecular structure and concentration. Knowledge of the self-assembly mechanism enabled the kinetic trapping of multiple hierarchical structures from a single block copolymer.

Published
2020

7. Indirect Probes of Dark Matter and Globular Cluster Properties From Dark Matter Annihilation within the Coolest White Dwarfs

Author

Hurst, Travis J., Zentner, Andrew R., Natarajan, Aravind, and Badenes, Carles

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

White Dwarfs (WD) capture Dark Matter (DM) as they orbit within their host halos. These captured particles may subsequently annihilate, heating the stellar core and preventing the WD from cooling. The potential wells of WDs are considerably deeper and core temperatures significantly cooler than those of main sequence stars. Consequently, DM evaporation is less important in WDs and DM with masses $M_{\chi} \gtrsim 100\, \kev$ and annihilation cross-sections orders of magnitude below the canonical thermal cross-section ($\sigmav \gtrsim 10^{-46}\, \cm^3$/s) can significantly alter WD cooling in particular astrophysical environments. We consider WDs in globular clusters (GCs) and dwarf galaxies. If the parameters of the DM particle are known, then the temperature of the coolest WD in a GC can be used to constrain the DM density of the cluster's halo (potentially even ruling out the presence of a halo if the inferred density is of order the ambient Galactic density). Recently several direct detection experiments have seen signals whose origins might be due to low mass DM. In this paper, we show that if these claims from CRESST, DAMA, CDMS-Si, and CoGeNT could be interpreted as DM, then observations of NGC 6397 limit the fraction of DM in that cluster to be $f_{\mathrm{DM}} \lesssim 10^{-3}$. This would be an improvement over existing constraints of 3 orders of magnitude and clearly rule out a significant DM halo for this cluster..., Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures

Published
2014
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9. Background Adaptive Cancellation of Digital Switching Noise in a Pipelined Analog-to-Digital Converter Without Noise Sensors

Author

Chang, Nick C-J, Hurst, Paul J, Levy, Bernard C, and Lewis, Stephen H

Subjects
Additive noise, analog-to-digital converter, background adaptive noise cancellation, digital switching noise, least-mean-square (LMS) estimation, maximum-likelihood estimation, multiplicative noise, noise-induced gain error, pipelined analog-to-digital converter, power supply bounce, simultaneous switching noise, substrate noise, Condensed Matter Physics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Other Technology, Electrical & Electronic Engineering
Abstract

Switching noise generated by digital circuits can degrade analog circuit performance in mixed-signal integrated circuits (ICs). In an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), one major source of switching noise is digital output drivers. Traditional methods for mitigating this problem mostly have been to isolate the analog and digital circuits to minimize digital noise coupling into sensitive analog nodes. This paper presents two fully digital and adaptive algorithms, which find and cancel errors due to switching noise coupling at the output of an ADC without using noise sensors. To demonstrate the operation of these algorithms, a 12-bit, 40-MS/s pipelined ADC has been designed and fabricated in 0.18-μm CMOS process. The system consists of an ADC with its own output drivers, and eight other independent digital output drivers (noise buffers) that can be programmed to produce four different kinds of switching noise. The switching noise cancellation (SNC) algorithm estimates noise parameters and stores them in look-up tables. At the ADC output, the effects of switching noise are digitally removed to recover the input samples. Test results show that the ADC achieves a signal-to-noise-and-distortion-ratio (SNDR) of 64.9 dB with all of the noise-generating buffers off. With the noise buffers on, the worst case SNDR before and after SNC is 51.9 dB and 63.7 dB, respectively. © 1966-2012 IEEE.

Published
2014

10. Enhancing Strategic Planning through Campus Surveys. AIR 1994 Annual Forum Paper.

Author

Hurst, Peter J.

Abstract

This case study presents Cornell University's use of campus surveying to gather information from stakeholders for strategic planning purposes. The case study emphasizes how survey creation, distribution, analysis, and reporting of findings was woven into the strategic planning process. Every step of the process, from item generation to the use of post-survey focus groups, was designed to maximize the legitimacy of the resulting data and raise the visibility of the strategic planning process within the university community. The overall process was closely monitored by a Strategic Planning Advisory Board comprised of students, employees, faculty members, administrators, community members, and an alumni/trustee. The Stakeholder Analysis Committee determined the major stakeholder groups and designed a survey instrument to be mailed. The survey of students, faculty, and staff members found that the majority of all three groups were satisfied with their relationship with Cornell. All three groups rated dedication to teaching as more important than dedication to research, while all three felt that the university's dedication to research actually guided operations. The survey also analyzed satisfaction with specific aspects of the Cornell environment, the extent to which Cornell follows its operating philosophy and values, and agreement with proposed university priorities. (JDD)

Published
1994

11. The Impact of a Chief Planning Officer on the Administrative Environment for Planning. AIR 1991 Annual Forum Paper.

Author

Hurst, Peter J. and Peterson, Marvin W.

Abstract

In the interest of understanding the role of Chief Planning Officers (CPO) in gaining broad support for planning within an institution of higher education, this paper used a national survey of administrators to examine that role. This study, conducted by the National Center for Postsecondary Governance and Finance, involved a survey of 3,333 college administrators at 256 higher education institutions randomly selected within 2 levels of stratification: (1) by type of institution, and (2) by major characteristics. It sought to discover administrators' views of planning. Using results based on an overall response rate of 45.8%, the study examined the relationship between having a chief planning officer and administrators' perceptions of campus planning. It found that the presence of a CPO was accompanied by: (1) an increase in the perception of more comprehensive and rational planning; (2) an increase in the likelihood that administrators attitudes about planning would favor more comprehensive processes; and (3) a greater effect on perceptions of how planning was handled on campus. It is noted that the presence of CPOs may symbolize the rationality of the planning process and the institution's commitment to a comprehensive, analytical planning process. The report includes 6 tables and 28 references. (JB)

Published
1991

13. Predictors of Team Work Satisfaction

Author

Hamlyn-Harris, James H., Hurst, Barbara J., and von Baggo, Karola

Abstract

The ability to work in teams is an attribute highly valued by employers of information technology (IT) graduates. For IT students to effectively engage in team work tasks, the process of working in teams should be satisfying for the students. This work explored whether university students who were involved in compulsory team work were satisfied with their experience. The research was seeking predictors of satisfaction with team work which may lead to educators being able to plan interventions that improve students' experiences. Team work satisfaction was measured by asking students to reflect on their current team work experience while rating their level of agreement with statements relating to Global Satisfaction (e.g., Group members interact well with each other.) and Global Dissatisfaction (e.g., My group isn't very efficient). The statements were taken from a set generated by Keyton (1991) in her study of group work satisfaction in university level students. Potential predictors were also assessed by the survey and included: previous experience with team work; perceived usefulness of team work training; familiarity with team members; and gender mix within the team. Two cohorts of students were surveyed. The first consisted of 270 Database 1 (DB1) students working in teams of 3-4 students on a short duration project (5 weeks). Most of these students were at the beginning of their degrees and therefore relatively inexperienced in regards to team work. The second contained 100 Software Engineering Project (SEP) students who were in the final stages of their degree. These students had more experience with team work than the Database students, and were working on a longer project (8 months). It was found that self-reported previous team work experience had little bearing on current satisfaction for either cohort. This finding contradicted the conclusions of Drury, Kay, and Losberg (2003) and Wong, Shi, and Wilson (2004). However, the former reported results from a smaller cohort of older students and the latter measured group performance as an indicator of satisfaction which may account for the differences. For the DB1 students there was no correlation between perceived usefulness of the team work training and the satisfaction. However, there was a small significant correlation for the SEP students. This result may have been due to the nature of the training offered. The training for the DB1 students was of a passive self directed nature whereas the SEP students were offered a two-day workshop. There was no support for the hypothesis that working with friends would influence satisfaction. However, this finding is difficult to interpret given the way in which previous familiarity with team members was assessed. Finally, it was found that working in mixed gender teams was more satisfying for students working on long (8 month) projects than for students working on short duration (5 week) tasks, supporting previous work by Wong et al. It was proposed that the longer term project allowed the team to become better acquainted and better able to capitalize on the communication skills of females. This proposal will require further research. (Contains 3 tables.)

Published
2006

14. The 1995 Ratings of Doctoral Programs: A Hedonic Model.

Author

Ehrenberg, Ronald G. and Hurst, Peter J.

Abstract

Describes how to employ multivariate regression models and National Research Council data (used to rank doctoral programs) to analyze how measures of program size, faculty seniority, and faculty research and doctoral-degree productivity influence subjective ratings of doctoral programs in 35 academic fields. Illustrates how to compute the effects of changing the number of faculty positions allocated to a field. (10 references) (MLH)

Published
1998

15. The 1995 NRC Ratings of Doctoral Programs: A Hedonic Model.

Author

Ehrenberg, Ronald G. and Hurst, Peter J.

Abstract

Using the 1995 National Research Council ratings of doctoral programs in 41 fields, a statistical methodology is offered for assessing how measures of program size, faculty seniority, faculty research productivity, and faculty productivity in producing doctoral degrees influenced raters' decisions. Then using data for one field, economics, administrators are shown how to compute the impact of adding one faculty member. (MSE)

Published
1996

16. The Impact of a Chief Planning Officer on the Administrative Environment for Planning.

Author

Hurst, Peter J. and Peterson, Marvin W.

Abstract

Based on a national survey of college administrators' (n=3,333) views of planning, this study investigated the relationship between having a chief planning officer to coordinate planning functions and perceptions of and attitudes toward campus planning. Results suggest the presence of a planner increased perceptions of more rational and comprehensive planning. (Author/MSE)

Published
1992

19. Effects of the diabetes linked TCF7L2 polymorphism in a representative older population

Author

Ferrucci Luigi, Corsi Anna, Bandinelli Stefania, Weedon Michael N, Hurst Alison J, Murray Anna, Melzer David, Paolisso Guiseppe, Guralnik Jack M, and Frayling Timothy M

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Abstract Background A polymorphism in the transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene has been found to be associated with type 2 diabetes in case-control studies. We aimed to estimate associations of the marker rs7903146 (C/T) polymorphism with fasting glucose, lipids, diabetes prevalence and complications in an older general population. Methods In total, 944 subjects aged ≥ 65 years from the population representative InCHIANTI study were enrolled in this study. Those with fasting blood glucose of ≥ 7 mmol/l or physician diagnosis were considered diabetic. Cut-off points for impaired fasting glucose (IFG) were ≥ 5.6 mmol/l to < 7 mmol/l. Results In the general population sample, minor (T) allele carriers of rs7903146 had higher fasting blood glucose (FBG) (p = 0.028) but lower fasting insulin (p = 0.030) and HOMA2b scores (p = 0.001), suggesting poorer beta-cell function. T allele carriers also had smaller waist circumference (p = 0.009), lower triglyceride levels (p = 0.006), and higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.008). The prevalence of diabetes or IFG was 32.4% in TT carriers and 23.3% in CC carriers; adjusted OR = 1.67 (95% confidence interval 1.05 to 2.65, p = 0.031). Within the diabetic and IFG groups, fewer T allele carriers had metabolic syndrome features (p = 0.047) or had experienced a myocardial infarction (p = 0.037). Conversely, T allele carriers with diabetes had poorer renal function (reduced 24-hour creatinine clearance, p = 0.013), and possibly more retinopathy (p = 0.067). Physician-diagnosed dementia was more common in the T carriers (in diabetes p = 0.05, with IFG p = 0.024). Conclusion The TCF7L2 rs7903146 polymorphism is associated with lower insulin levels, smaller waist circumference, and lower risk lipid profiles in the general elderly population. Patients with diabetes who are carriers of the minor allele are less likely to have metabolic-syndrome features, but may experience more microvascular complications, although the number of cases was small. If replicated, these findings may have implications for developing treatment approaches tailored by genotype.

Published
2006
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20. Osteomyelitis and Fracture Susceptibility: A Review of the Literature and Case Series of Surgical Treatment of Pathologic Calcaneal Fractures

Author

Hurst, Michael J., Kedzie, Margaret, Hughes, Hannah J., Burns, Patrick R., and Manway, Jeffrey M.

Abstract

Pathologic calcaneal fractures, often arising from osteomyelitis, present intricate challenges in orthopedic surgery. This paper explores the historical context, etiological factors, and evolving treatment approaches for these fractures, with a focus on the interplay between infection and compromised bone integrity.

Published
2023
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22. A comparison of interpolation methods for estimating mountaintop removal

Author

Hurst, Pamela J. and Hurst, Pamela J.

Subjects
Coal mines and mining West Virginia Boone County., Mountaintop removal mining West Virginia Boone County., Mining engineering., Digital mapping., Charbon Mines et extraction Virginie-Occidentale Boone., Déplacement de sommet (Mines) Virginie-Occidentale Boone., Technique minière., Cartographie par ordinateur., Coal mines and mining., Digital mapping., Mining engineering., Mountaintop removal mining., West Virginia Boone County.
Abstract

"This research compares interpolation methods used to create digital elevation models (DEM) for mountainous regions where mountaintop removal coal mining takes place. The research focused on the Frozen Hollow Surface Mine located in Boone County, West VA as the case study. Three interpolation methods were compared in order to create a DEM for premining conditions at the Frozen Hollow Surface Mine. The methods compared were Inverse Distance Weighted, Ordinary Kriging, and Spline with Tension. Topographic maps were used as the source of data for the sample points. Four sets of sample points were created using centroids from two grid sizes, 20m2 and 30m2, and comparing the use of single value cells (SVC) and multi value cells (MVC). This resulted in 12 interpolation methods in the study. The Spline with Tension method was statistically significant compared to the other methods in all four data sets. The interpolation method with the least amount of error was the Spline with Tension method using both the SVC & MVC from the 30m2 centroids."--Abstract from author supplied metadata.

Published
2014

23. Exploring the effects of embedded questions on students' self-generated questions and observations of text

Author

Hurst, Melissa J. and Hurst, Melissa J.

Abstract

Embedded questions are questions that are inserted into a text at crucial points to aid comprehension (Weir, 1998; Walczyk & Hall, 1989). This study examined the effects of teacher-generated embedded questions on a) students' self-generated questions and b) students' observations about text as they read literacy works. Twenty-six sixth graders participated in the study. In the preliminary phase of this study, students' self-generated questions and observations about short stories from the Prentice Hall Literacy Anthology were analyzed by the researcher to help in gaining an understanding of the students' reading behaviors. Teacher-generated embedded questions that model how to think actively about a text were then used as part of instruction. These teacher-generated embedded questions were then phased out and student-generated questions phased in. The researcher continued to analyze students' responses throughout instruction. Specifically, the researcher looked for reading behaviors that research has shown skillful readers use, such as problem solving, summarizing, self-questioning, predicting, responding, evaluating, and self-monitoring. Major results indicated: a) When transacting with text after instruction with embedded questions, students asked both a wider variety of questions of text and deeper questions of text, b) According to the students, embedded questions helped them to understand more because it helped them to stop and think about what they were reading.

Published
2000

25. Indonesia’s Courts of Industrial Relations: Context, Structure, and a Look at Surabaya Cases

Author

Hurst, William J.

Abstract

Abstract:How should we approach the study of the various special courts that have proliferated in Indonesia since the fall of the New Order? In particular, can we see the new special industrial relations courts as successfully having judicialized labor rights? Building on a thorough examination of their historical antecedents, legal origins and structure, this article focuses on a careful review of cases brought before the Surabaya industrial relations court during the first four years of its operation. Finding other patterns, besides just judicialization, it takes some early steps toward assessing labor rights protection and litigation in Indonesia today.

Published
2014

27. Correcting the Effects of Mismatches in Time-Interleaved Analog Adaptive FIR Equalizers.

Author

Rao, L. P., Sitthimahachaikul, N., and Hurst, P. J.

Subjects
BANDWIDTHS, SIGNAL processing, TELECOMMUNICATION, SIMULATION methods & models, OPERATIONS research
Abstract

Analog discrete-time finite-impulse-response (FIR) filters have been used as equalizers in digital communication receivers. For high speed applications, an FIR equalizer can be implemented using parallel sample-and-holds (S/Hs) and time-interleaved equalizer channels. Mismatches among the parallel S/Hs degrade the equalizer performance. This paper addresses mismatches of DC offsets, gain errors, sample-time errors, and bandwidths in the S/Hs. It is shown that having a different set of adapted coefficients in each equalizer channel can reduce the effects of mismatches. Simulation results are presented for different communication channels. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2012
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28. Overcoming the Effect of the Summation-Node Parasitic Pole in an Analog Equalizer.

Author

Sitthimahachaikul, Nattapol, Rao, Lakshmi P., and Hurst, P. J.

Subjects
EQUALIZERS (Electronics), ELECTRIC filters, ELECTRIC networks, INTEGRATED circuits, ELECTRONIC circuits, INTEGRATED circuit design
Abstract

In a conventional analog adaptive forward equalizer (FE), parasitic capacitance introduces an undesired RC pole at the output node of the equalizer. At high data rates, this pole can introduce intersymbol interference (ISI) that degrades performance. This paper considers the effect of the parasitic pole and presents two approaches to deal with the parasitic pole. The first approach uses an extra tap in the FE; the second uses chopping. Also, the filtered-x LMS (FX-LMS) algorithm is used to allow the equalizer to adapt and correct for the parasitic pole. Implementations of the FX-LMS algorithm and the chopper technique are presented. The conventional and new architectures and various adaptation algorithms are compared via simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2012
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29. Z-Beamlet: a multikilojoule, terawatt-class laser system

Author

Rambo, Patrick K., Smith, Ian C., Porter, John L., Hurst, Michael J., Speas, C. Shane, Adams, Richard G., Garcia, Antonio J., Dawson, Ellis, Thurston, Benjamin D., Wakefield, Colleen, Kellogg, Jeff W., Slattery, Michael J., Ives, Harry C., Broyles, Robin S., Caird, John A., Erlandson, Alvin C., Murray, James E., Behrendt, William C., Neilsen, Norman D., and Narduzzi, Joseph M.

Abstract

A large-aperture (30-cm) kilojoule-class Nd:glass laser system known as Z-Beamlet has been constructed to perform x-ray radiography of high-energy-density science experiments conducted on the Z facility at Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico. The laser, operating with typical pulse durations from 0.3 to 1.5 ns, employs a sequence of successively larger multipass amplifiers to achieve up to 3-kJ energy at 1054 nm. Large-aperture frequency conversion and long-distance beam transport can provide on-target energies of up to 1.5 kJ at 527 nm.

Published
2005

30. Prolonged calcium transients and myocardial remodelling in early experimental uraemia.

Author

McMahon, Aisling C, Greenwald, Stephen E, Dodd, Susan M, Hurst, Martin J, and Raine, Anthony E G

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of premature death in patients with end-stage renal disease, possibly due to a specific 'uraemic cardiomyopathy'. This study was designed to investigate the cardiac changes induced by a moderate impairment of renal function in a model of uraemia.

Published
2002
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31. A comprehensive reference model for biological collections and surveys

Author

Berendsohn, Walter G., Anagnostopoulos, Anastasios, Hagedorn, Gregor, Jakupovic, Jasmin, Nimis, Pier Luigi, Valdés, Benito, Güntschl, Anton, Pank‐hurst, Richard J., and White, Richard J.

Abstract

Berendsohn, W. G., Anagnostopoulos, A., Hagedorn, G., Jakupovic, J., Nimis, P. L., Valdés, B., Güntsch, A., Pankhurst, R. J. & White, R. J.: A comprehensive reference model for biological collections and surveys. – Taxon 48: 511‐562. 1999. ISSN 0040‐0262. The article describes an extended entity‐relationship model covering biological collections, i.e. natural history collections of biotic origin; data collections used in floristic or faunistic mapping, survey, and monitoring projects; live collections such as botanical or zoological gardens, seed banks, microbial strain collections and gene banks; as well as novel collection kinds such as of secondary metabolites or DNA samples. The central element in the model is the unit, which stands for any object containing, being or being part of a living, fossilised, or conserved organism. The unit may be gathered (observed or collected) in the field and derived units may recursively emerge from it through specimen processing, breeding or cultivation. In addition, units may form associations (e.g. host/parasite), ensembles (lichen on a rock with fossils), and assemblages (herd, artificial grouping). Gathering events, specimen management (acquisition, accession, storage, preservation, exchange, ownership), and taxonomic or other identifications relate to the unit and are treated in detail. Geographic and geo‐ecological data have not been fully modelled; taxonomic (name) data and descriptive information are treated by reference to other published models.

Published
1999
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32. Detecting Viruses in Water

Author

Hurst, Christon J., Benton, William H., and Stetler, Ronald E.

Abstract

Various and divergent approaches that have been used to concentrate and assay viruses from tap water and environmental freshwaters are summarized and briefly explained. The basic principles behind the different methodologies and descriptions of the most recent developments are emphasized. Comparisons help demonstrate the relative sensitivities of different concentration and assay techniques.

Published
1989
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33. Evidence for two species of arrow squid in the New Zealand fishery

Author

Smith, P. J., Roberts, P. E., and Hurst, R. J.

Abstract

Electrophoresis, comparative morphology, and prevalence of parasites were examined in arrow squid Nototodarus sloani from New Zealand waters. Electrophoresis revealed 2 alleles at the a-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase locus. Specimens from eastern and southern areas of New Zealand were fixed for a slow allele and specimens from western areas were fixed for a fast allele. Two types of hectocotylised ventral arms were observed in mature males; one type was found in eastern and southern areas and die other in western areas. Nybelinia sp. post-larvae showed high infestation levels in western squid, but none were found in eastern and southern specimens. It is concluded that there are 2 species of arrow squid in New Zealand and that these are associated with the major water masses. Some overlap between the species was found in fishery areas Cook Strait, Tasman Bay, and Egmont.

Published
1981
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35. Marine invertebrate hosts of New Zealand Anisakidae (Nematoda)

Author

Hurst, R. J.

Abstract

Possible invertebrate intermediate hosts of Anisakis simplex (Rudolphi, 1809, det. Krabbe, 1878), Thynnascaris adunca (Rudolphi, 1802), and Pseudoterranova (= Phocanema) decipiens (Krabbe, 1878) were determined from examination of stomach contents of teleosts which are regularly infected by these parasites. The euphausiid, Nyctiphanes australis, and the galatheid crab, Munida gregaria, are possible sources of A. simplex larvae. M. gregaria is a definite source of T. adunca larvae (and adults). Smaller zooplankton (e.g., copepods and decapod larvae) could also be sources of T. adunca larvae. No potential hosts of P. decipiens larvae were apparent. Naturally occurring invertebrate hosts of anisakids were found in plankton samples. A. simplex larvae were found in N. australis. T. adunca larvae occurred in chaetognaths (Sagitta spp.), a medusa, and a decapod larva. These anisakid larvae are all morphologically similar to Stage III larvae from teleosts. Experimental infection of N. australis and M. gregaria with Stage II larvae of A. simplex and T. adunca was unsuccessful. Infection rates, host specificity, and larval morphology are discussed.

Published
1984
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36. Identification and description of larval Anisakis simplex and Pseudoterranova decipiens (Anisakidae: Nematoda) from New Zealand waters

Author

Hurst, R. J.

Abstract

Larval stages of A. simplex (Rudolphi, 1809, det. Krabbe, 1878) and P. decipiens (Krabbe, 1878), infecting marine teleosts from New Zealand waters are described and compared morphometrically to pre-adult and adult stages. A. simplex larvae were positively identified using adults obtained from in vitro cultivation. Some morphometric variations compared to overseas descriptions are noted; the main differences being the small size of A. simplex larvae and the long intestinal caecum in P. decipiens larvae and adults from New Zealand waters.

Published
1984
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37. THE EFFECT OF LIGHT ON THE USE OF THE NITROGEN RESERVES OF GERMINATING SOYBEAN SEEDS

Author

Hurst, Clyde J. and Sudia, T. W.

Abstract

Light affects the mobilization and distribution of several of the storage components of the cotyledons of germinating soybean seeds. The nitrogen content of the cotyledons began to decrease during the first day of germination, continued through day 12 for plants in the light, and day 14 for those in the dark. Cotyledons from both treatments had lost about the same amount of nitrogen by day 14. Plants from both treatments lost about the same amount of dry weight by day 8, but those in the light had taken up nitrogen from the nutrient solution; while those in the dark showed no increase. The plants in the light had higher concentrations of soluble amino nitrogen in the cotyledons than did those in the dark, but the opposite was true for the seedling axis. Aspartate and its amide accounted for half or more of the total free amino acids in all parts of dark‐grown plants at 6 and 14 days. In the light‐grown plants aspartate and asparagine usually accounted for less than half of the total free amino acids in all plant parts except the cotyledons at 6 and 14 days. Total soluble amino acids were much lower in these plants than those in the dark, excepting the cotyledons.

Published
1973
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38. Patination of Cultural Flints

Author

Hurst, Vernon J. and Kelly, A. R.

Abstract

All flints containing unstable impurities are susceptible to patination. The rate of patination varies with many factors: (i) the texture and microstructure of the flint; (ii) its permeability; (iii) the kind, proportion, and distribution of impurities; and (iv) environmental factors, such as temperature and soil chemistry. The thickness of the patina varies also with time.Two contrasting types of patina can develop: a chalky white patina and a ferruginous brown patina. Both types are observable primarily as a color change, and study of these types is facilitated by a clear understanding of the causes of color in flint.The color of most flints is the result of repeated refraction and reflection of light at numerous intergranular surfaces, whereby part of the light is internally absorbed and part is reflected back to the observer. The ratio of reflected to absorbed light governs the lightness of the color, or its value. The preferential absorption of certain wavelengths by natural pigments (such as iron oxide and hydrous iron oxide) disseminated through the flint determine the hue of the color.The color changes produced during patination relate to changes in texture and impurity content occasioned by the attack of weathering agents on impurities in the flint. The creation of voids by the dissolution and leaching of carbonates, the loosening of quartz crystallites, and the dispersal of clays all modify the reflectivity of the flint. Chemical changes involving the pigments, their dispersal along intergranular surfaces, or removal by leaching modify both reflectivity and capacity to preferentially absorb.Attempts to correlate patina thickness with age, and thus to use flint patinae chronometrically, have proven unsatisfactory because other factors, whose importance in some cases exceeds that of age, have not been taken into account. The texture and microstructure of flint, its permeability, and the kind, proportion, and distribution of impurities can be evaluated by regular petrographic techniques. Environmental factors can be assumed constant for artifacts from the same types of soil in a given climatic region. Only after allowances have been made for these additional variables does the age-dependence of flint patination become clear.

Published
1961
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40. Additive manufacturing for electrochemical labs: an overview and tutorial note on the production of cells, electrodes and accessories

Author

Whittingham, Matthew J., Crapnell, Robert D., Rothwell, Emma J., Hurst, Nicholas J., and Banks, Craig E

Abstract

Additive manufacturing (AM) is an ever-growing part of modern scientific research due to its ability to create complex features, low wastage, ever-decreasing cost of entry and rapid prototyping capabilities. Up to this point, the use of AM in electrochemical research has focussed around two of the main components of the experimental setup: the working electrode, and the electrochemical cell. In this paper we highlight how researchers have utilised AM in the literature and offer our own insights into how this technology can be exploited to benefit all areas of electrochemical research. For the development of electrodes, much of the literature utilises commercially available conductive PLA filaments in conjunction with FFF printing, with only a few groups expanding into the development of their own bespoke conductive materials.

Published
2021
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41. Humboldt and Madame Diede, from the German

Author

Hurst, Rev. J. F., D. D. and Hurst, Rev. J. F., D. D.

Abstract

The Ladies' repository: a monthly periodical, devoted to literature, arts, and religion. / Volume 6, Issue 4, Page(s) 243-246, (dlps) volume: acg2248.2-06.004, (dlps) article: acg2248.2-06.004:2, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

42. The Bismarck Family (illustrated) (concluded)

Author

Hurst, Rev. J. F., D. D. and Hurst, Rev. J. F., D. D.

Abstract

The Ladies' repository: a monthly periodical, devoted to literature, arts, and religion. / Volume 5, Issue 3, Page(s) 198-205, (dlps) volume: acg2248.2-05.003, (dlps) article: acg2248.2-05.003:11, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

43. Berthold Auerbach, The German Poet

Author

Hurst, Rev. J. F., D. D. and Hurst, Rev. J. F., D. D.

Abstract

The Ladies' repository: a monthly periodical, devoted to literature, arts, and religion. / Volume 12, Issue 2, Page(s) 84-87, (dlps) volume: acg2248.2-12.002, (dlps) article: acg2248.2-12.002:2, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

44. Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, from the German

Author

Hurst, Rev. J. F. and Hurst, Rev. J. F.

Abstract

The Ladies' repository: a monthly periodical, devoted to literature, arts, and religion. / Volume 25, Issue 9, Page(s) 529-531, (dlps) volume: acg2248.1-25.009, (dlps) article: acg2248.1-25.009:7, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

45. William Farel

Author

Hurst, Dr. J. F. and Hurst, Dr. J. F.

Abstract

The Ladies' repository: a monthly periodical, devoted to literature, arts, and religion. / Volume 1, Issue 1, Page(s) 1-4, (dlps) volume: acg2248.2-01.001, (dlps) article: acg2248.2-01.001:4, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

46. The Bismarck Family (illustrated)

Author

Hurst, Rev. J. F., D. D. and Hurst, Rev. J. F., D. D.

Abstract

The Ladies' repository: a monthly periodical, devoted to literature, arts, and religion. / Volume 5, Issue 2, Page(s) 113-120, (dlps) volume: acg2248.2-05.002, (dlps) article: acg2248.2-05.002:12, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

47. Old Whitby

Author

Hurst, Rev. J. F., D. D. and Hurst, Rev. J. F., D. D.

Abstract

The Ladies' repository: a monthly periodical, devoted to literature, arts, and religion. / Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 51-53, (dlps) volume: acg2248.2-12.001, (dlps) article: acg2248.2-12.001:24, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

48. Out of the Highways in the Father-land, Number II

Author

Hurst, Rev. J. F., D. D. and Hurst, Rev. J. F., D. D.

Abstract

The Ladies' repository: a monthly periodical, devoted to literature, arts, and religion. / Volume 10, Issue 5, Page(s) 342-346, (dlps) volume: acg2248.2-10.005, (dlps) article: acg2248.2-10.005:11, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

49. Out of the Highways in the Father-land, Number I

Author

Hurst, Rev. J. F., D. D. and Hurst, Rev. J. F., D. D.

Abstract

The Ladies' repository: a monthly periodical, devoted to literature, arts, and religion. / Volume 10, Issue 4, Page(s) 246-248, (dlps) volume: acg2248.2-10.004, (dlps) article: acg2248.2-10.004:2, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

50. Out of the Highways in the Father-land, Number III

Author

Hurst, Rev. J. F., D. D. and Hurst, Rev. J. F., D. D.

Abstract

The Ladies' repository: a monthly periodical, devoted to literature, arts, and religion. / Volume 10, Issue 6, Page(s) 454-457, (dlps) volume: acg2248.2-10.006, (dlps) article: acg2248.2-10.006:14, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

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