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A Ground-Based Augmentation System (GBAS) monitors the signals of Global Navigation Satellite Systems and broadcasts differential correction signals. It relies on Multipath Limiting Antennas (MLAs) that can receive signals over almost the entire upper hemisphere while greatly attenuating signals reflected from the ground. The current Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)-approved system utilizes an MLA that is approximately 182.9 cm tall. In this paper, a substitute MLA is designed that is only 97.05 cm tall (approximately 44% reduction). The size reduction is accomplished by reducing the number of array elements from 19 to 11. We developed a novel self-cardioid antenna element that allows for this reduction.

The potential ecotoxicity of fluorescent dyes used in tracing, and their possible effects on human health, were evaluated by reviewing available toxicological information for 12 dyes - fluorescein, Lissamine Flavine FF, Rhodamine WT, Rhodamine B, Sulpho Rhodamine G, Sulpho Rhodamine B, eosin, pyranine, Phorwite BBH Pure, Tinopal 5BM GX, Tinopal CBS-X, and Diphenyl Brilliant Flavine 7GFF - and a dye-intermediate, amino G acid. This evaluation used available toxicological information, test data on analogous substances, and mathematical expressions for biological activity. Based on set criteria for human health and acute ecotoxicity, the evaluation indicated that these tracers have low to moderate levels of concern. The use of these tracers for the study of groundwater flow is appropriate if consideration is given to the overall human health and environmental effects. Their use in the environment requires tracer concentrations not exceeding 1-2 mg 1(-1) persisting for a period in excess of 24 h in the groundwater at the point of groundwater withdrawal or discharge. A simple calculated potential dose was used in a comparison of the estimated acute toxicity of Rhodamine WT in rats to the known acute oral toxic dose in humans for several known acutely toxic chemicals. This comparison showed that none of the fluorescent dyes evaluated would present an acutely toxic threat at or substantially above the recommended 2 mg 1(-1) concentration.

1. Primary cultures of fetal rat brain consist of monolayer of large, flat cells of nonneuronal origin and smaller phase dark cells. 2. Neuron-specific enolase antibody was used to identify immunoreactive cells as neurons and these were present singly or in clusters on top of nonneuronal cells. 3. Incubation of these cultures with fluorescein-labelled insulin (FTC-insulin) resulted in the staining of 5-10% cells in a bright patchy green pattern, which are of neuronal and of nonneuronal morphology. 4. A faint green staining was seen when cultures were incubated with an excess of unconjugated insulin and FTC-insulin indicating that unconjugated insulin competes for the binding of fluorescein-insulin. 5. These results indicate that specific binding sites for insulin are present both on neurons and on nonneuronal cells in cultures of fetal rat brain.

During the prebloom and bloom stages, no movement of labeled photosynthates occurred from a shoot of Vitis vinifera L. fed with (14)CO(2), to an adjacent shoot on the same spur. Movement of labeled assimilates into the unfed shoot was induced when this shoot was sprayed with 2.89 x 10(-3)m gibberellic acid during the prebloom stage. During the bloom stage darkening or defoliation of the unfed shoot resulted in the import of labeled photosynthates from the adjacent fed shoot. Similarly, movement of (14)C into an untreated shoot was induced by removing the terminal 7.5 centimeters and deblossoming the fed shoot. During the berry set stage, translocation of labeled photosynthates from a newly exporting leaf was upwards to the shoot tip, but the direction of movement was reversed by removal of the shoot tip or by darkening or removal of the leaves below the fed leaf. Translocation of photosynthates was predominantly basipetal from a fed leaf near the base of the shoot during the berry set stage, but upward movement was induced by darkening or defoliation of the upper part of the shoot.

Laboratory strains (non resistant) of the 3 insects were reared at 26 1° F and 65% RH.