11 results on '"Jessica Radcliffe"'
Search Results
2. The effects of red chilli, black pepper, turmeric, and ginger on body weight- A systematic review
- Author
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Abdullah Almotayri, Markandeya Jois, Jessica Radcliffe, Mihiri Munasinghe, and Jency Thomas
- Subjects
Obesity ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases ,RC620-627 - Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Quinoa Seed Lowers Serum Triglycerides in Overweight and Obese Subjects: A Dose-Response Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
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Audrey C. Tierney, Diana Navarro-Perez, Jessica Radcliffe, and Markandeya Jois
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obesity ,Population ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Blood lipids ,Physiology ,Overweight ,Chenopodium quinoa ,metabolic syndrome ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,dose response ,Medicine ,quinoa seeds ,triglycerides ,overweight and obese subjects ,education ,Original Research ,Uncategorized ,education.field_of_study ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Triglyceride ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Obesity ,Biotechnology ,chemistry ,medicine.symptom ,Metabolic syndrome ,business ,Food Science - Abstract
Background: Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) is a pseudo-cereal originally cultivated in the Andean region. The popularity of its seeds has increased in recent years due to the claims of health benefits and superfood qualities. Studies to date on the health benefits of quinoa have been restricted to animal models, and the results provide weak to moderate evidence to support improved plasma lipid profiles. Clinical trials in humans to examine the claims of health benefits of quinoa are limited to a few prospective studies and one randomized trial carried out in postmenopausal women. To our knowledge, no studies have been conducted in the general population. Objective: The objective of this randomized clinical trial was to investigate the effect of different quinoa doses (25 and 50 g/d) on body composition, serum lipids and hormones, and nutrient intakes in overweight and obese humans. Methods: This was a dose-response randomized, controlled, single-blind trial with a parallel design (1 control and 2 treatment groups) that compared the effect of 25 and 50 g quinoa/d in 50 overweight and obese participants over a 12-wk intervention period. Results: Body composition, nutrient intake, and total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol were not significantly altered by quinoa consumption (P > 0.05). Mean serum triglyceride (TG) concentration was reduced significantly in the 50-g quinoa group from 1.14 to 0.72 mmol/L at 12 wk (P < 0.05). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) was also reduced in this group by 70%. No significant changes in TGs were observed in the control and 25-g quinoa groups. The prevalence of MetS was reduced by 40% (from n = 7 at baseline to n = 4 at 12 wk) in the 25-g group. Conclusions: The consumption of 50 g quinoa/d lowers serum TGs in overweight and obese participants and reduces the prevalence of MetS. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as UTN U1111-1175-470.
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- 2023
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- View/download PDF
4. Effects of culinary herbs and spices on obesity: A systematic literature review of clinical trials
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Markandeya Jois, Jency Thomas, Chandana Deekshith, and Jessica Radcliffe
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,food.ingredient ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Body weight ,complex mixtures ,Body composition ,03 medical and health sciences ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,food ,Weight loss ,medicine ,TX341-641 ,Obesity ,Body mass index ,Uncategorized ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Herb ,business.industry ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,medicine.disease ,040401 food science ,Intervention studies ,Clinical trial ,Spice ,Systematic review ,Search terms ,Family medicine ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Food Science - Abstract
The aim of this article was to systematically review literature on clinical trials investigating the effects of culinary herbs and spices on obesity in adults. Relevant articles were searched through the electronic databases using predefined search terms. Thirty commonly used herbs and spices for weight loss were selected based on the literature. Out of 33 intervention studies that were eligible for inclusion in the review, 24 studies reported statistically significant (P < 0.05) reductions in obesity indices either compared to baseline or to the placebo. Overall, eight herbs/spices were reported to be beneficial in regards to obesity in the eligible literature including basil (on BW and BMI), cardamom (on BW, BMI and WC), cinnamon (on BW, BMI, BFP and WC), coriander (on BMI), garlic (on BMI and WC), ginger (on BW, BMI, WC and HC), nigella (on BW, BMI, WC, BFP and HC) and turmeric (on BW, BMI, BFP and WC).
- Published
- 2021
5. The effects of red chilli, black pepper, turmeric, and ginger on body weight- A systematic review
- Author
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Abdullah Almotayri, Markandeya Jois, Jessica Radcliffe, Mihiri Munasinghe, and Jency Thomas
- Subjects
Nutrition and Dietetics ,RC620-627 ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,TX341-641 ,Obesity ,Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases ,Food Science ,Uncategorized - Abstract
No description supplied
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Serum zonulin measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay may not be a reliable marker of small intestinal permeability in healthy adults
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Oana A. Tatucu-Babet, Markandeya Jois, Devin Benheim, Jessica Radcliffe, Diana Navarro-Perez, Himasha Mendis, Emma Owen, Catherine Itsiopoulos, Audrey C. Tierney, and Adrienne Forsyth
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0301 basic medicine ,Adult ,Lipopolysaccharides ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Waist ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Urinary system ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ,Pilot Projects ,Rhamnose ,Permeability ,Body Mass Index ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,zonulin ,Intestine, Small ,medicine ,Humans ,Intestinal Mucosa ,Protein Precursors ,body composition ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Intestinal permeability ,Haptoglobins ,business.industry ,intestinal permeability ,endotoxemia ,Zonulin ,Reproducibility of Results ,Gold standard (test) ,Anthropometry ,medicine.disease ,Lactulose ,C-Reactive Protein ,L-R ratio ,inflammation ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Female ,business ,Body mass index - Abstract
The association between intestinal permeability (IP) and body composition remains unclear. The gold standard differential sugar-absorption test is arduous to complete, with zonulin being increasingly used as an independent biomarker of IP. This pilot study aimed to explore the association between small IP, zonulin concentrations, and body composition in healthy adults. The urinary lactulose-rhamnose ratio was used to measure small IP. Serum zonulin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were analyzed in serum. Body composition was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and anthropometric measurements were collected. In total, 34 participants were included (12 males, median age 28 years, body mass index 24 kg/m2, waist circumference 77cm). No correlation was observed between the lactulose-rhamnose ratio and zonulin (r = -.016, P = .929). The lactulose-rhamnose ratio displayed a strong positive correlation with LPS (n 20, r = .536, P = .018) but did not correlate with body composition measures. Conversely, zonulin displayed a moderate positive correlation with waist circumference (r = .437, P = .042) in female participants and hs-CRP (r = .485, P = .004) in all participants. These findings raise important considerations for the measurement of small IP, warranting exploration in larger powered studies that address the limitations of the present study.
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- 2020
7. Ad libitum Mediterranean diet reduces subcutaneous but not visceral fat in patients with coronary heart disease: A randomised controlled pilot study
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Jane C Willcox, Colleen J. Thomas, Teagan Kucianski, Jessica Radcliffe, Catherine Itsiopoulos, Audrey C. Tierney, Manohar L. Garg, and Hannah L Mayr
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Waist ,Mediterranean diet ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Subcutaneous Fat ,Adipose tissue ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Pilot Projects ,Coronary Artery Disease ,Intra-Abdominal Fat ,Diet, Mediterranean ,Cohort Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Malondialdehyde ,medicine ,Humans ,In patient ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Venipuncture ,Adiponectin ,business.industry ,Australia ,Anthropometry ,Middle Aged ,Treatment Outcome ,Cohort ,Body Composition ,Female ,business ,Biomarkers ,New Zealand - Abstract
Summary Background & aims The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is recognised to reduce risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), in part, via its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which may be mediated via effects on body fat distribution. Diet efficacy via these mechanisms is however unclear in patients with diagnosed CHD. This study aimed to determine: (1) the effect of ad libitum MedDiet versus low-fat diet intervention on adiposity, anti-inflammatory marker adiponectin, oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) and traditional CVD risk markers, and (2) whether improvement in MedDiet adherence score in the pooled cohort was associated with these risk markers, in a pilot cohort of Australian patients post coronary event. Methods Participants (62 ± 9 years, 83% male) were randomised to 6-month ad libitum MedDiet (n = 34) or low-fat diet (n = 31). Pre- and post-intervention, dietary adherence, anthropometry, body composition (Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry) and venepuncture measures were conducted. Results The MedDiet group reduced subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) area compared to the low-fat diet group (12.5 cm2 more, p = 0.04) but not visceral adipose tissue or other body composition measures. In the pooled cohort, participants with greatest improvement in MedDiet adherence score had significantly lower waist circumference (−2.81 cm, p = 0.01) and SAT area (−27.1 cm2, p = 0.04) compared to participants with no improvement in score at 6-months. There were no changes in adiponectin, MDA or other risk markers in the MedDiet compared to low-fat diet group, and no differences in 6-month levels between categories of improvement in MedDiet score (p > 0.05). Within the MedDiet group only, the proportion of participants taking beta-blocker medication reduced from baseline to 6-months (71% vs. 56%, p-trend = 0.007). Conclusions Adherence to 6-month ad libitum MedDiet reduced subcutaneous fat and waist circumference which discounts the misconception that this healthy but high fat diet leads to body fat gain. The effect of MedDiet on body fat distribution and consequent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, as well as need for medications, in patients with CHD warrants exploration in larger studies. Clinically significant effects on these markers may require adjunct exercise and/or caloric restriction. Trial registration ACTRN12616000156482.
- Published
- 2019
8. Controversies in omega-3 efficacy and novel concepts for application
- Author
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Colleen J. Thomas, Andrea Bramley, Antigone Kouris-Blazos, B.E. Radford, Andrew Pipingas, Jessica Radcliffe, Andrew Scholey, Catherine Itsiopoulos, and Jency Thomas
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0301 basic medicine ,Vascular wall ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Physiology ,lcsh:TX341-641 ,Disease ,Biology ,law.invention ,lcsh:Biochemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Dosage ,Cognition ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Omega-3 supplements ,lcsh:QD415-436 ,Metabolic Stress ,Uncategorized ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,business.industry ,Eicosapentaenoic acid ,Biotechnology ,Clinical trial ,LCn3 ,chemistry ,Docosahexaenoic acid ,Mental health ,Microbiome ,business ,lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Food Science ,Polyunsaturated fatty acid - Abstract
Interest in the cardioprotective effects of long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn3) was largely influenced by the low rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) amongst the Inuits of Greenland who consumed a high marine fat diet rich in LCn3s. This finding stimulated years of epidemiological and clinical studies investigating the cardioprotective effects of LCn3s, thought to be primarily mediated through anti-inflammatory (and anti-aggregatory) prostaglandins that protect the vascular wall from pro-inflammatory effects of metabolic stress precipitated by poor diet and lifestyle. Although the original hypothesis of the link between LCn3s and CVD protection was based on a high LCn3 containing diet (namely a high marine fat diet) the majority of clinical trials since have focussed on EPA and DHA supplementation, and results of repeated meta-analyses have not shown conclusive evidence in support of their beneficial health effects. In this review we focus on the controversies that surround the efficacy of LCn3s in cardiovascular and other chronic diseases and present emerging areas of research for novel applications. We will examine factors that can impact on the efficacy of LCn3s such as source (plant vs marine vs supplements (algal vs marine)), stability of product, dose, trial duration, ratio of EPA:DHA, and ratio of LCn6:LCn3 fatty acids in the diet.
- Published
- 2016
9. Effect of Randomisation to 6-Month Mediterranean versus Low-Fat Diet Intervention on Inflammation and Adiposity in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease; Preliminary Results of the AUSMED Heart Trial
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Teagan Kucianski, Catherine Itsiopoulos, Hannah L Mayr, Audrey C. Tierney, Jessica Radcliffe, and Colleen J. Thomas
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Mediterranean diet ,biology ,Adiponectin ,business.industry ,C-reactive protein ,Inflammation ,Low fat diet ,Gastroenterology ,Coronary heart disease ,nutrition ,Intervention (counseling) ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,biology.protein ,In patient ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is recognised to reduce risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), in part, via its anti-inflammatory properties. Diet efficacy via this mechanism is however unclear in patients with diagnosed CHD. This study aimed to determine the effect of MedDiet versus low-fat diet intervention on inflammatory biomarkers and adiposity in a pilot cohort of Australian patients post coronary event. Participants (62±9 years, 83% male) were randomised to the MedDiet (n=34) or low-fat diet (n=31). At 0-, 3- and 6-months, dietary counselling, anthropometry, body composition (Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry) and venepuncture was conducted. Participants adhered well to the MedDiet intervention, however, there were no significant changes in body composition or inflammatory biomarkers hs-C-reactive protein or hs-interleukin-6 in the MedDiet compared to the low-fat diet group after 6-months. Adiponectin, an anti-inflammatory adipokine, tended to increase in response to the MedDiet (+1.1±4.2ng/mL, p=0.11) and decrease in response to the low-fat diet (-0.9±3.3ng/mL, p=0.20). In the pooled cohort, participants with greatest improvement in MedDiet adherence score had significantly lower waist circumference and subcutaneous fat levels at 6-months. A clinically significant effect of the MedDiet on inflammation and adiposity in CHD patients may require a larger sample, adjunct exercise intervention and/or caloric restriction.
- Published
- 2018
10. The AUStralian MEDiterranean Diet Heart Trial (AUSMED Heart Trial): A randomized clinical trial in secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in a multiethnic Australian population: Study protocol
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Laima Brazionis, William J. van Gaal, Catherine Itsiopoulos, Antigone Kouris-Blazos, Hassan Vally, Teagan Kucianski, Leonie Segal, Andrew Wilson, Miguel Ángel Martínez-González, Agus Salim, Hannah L Mayr, Michael Kingsley, Colleen J. Thomas, Jessica Radcliffe, Audrey C. Tierney, Kerin O'Dea, Itsiopoulos, C, Kucianski, T, Mayr, H, van Gaal, W, Martinez-Gonzalez, M, Vally, H, Kingsley, M, Kouris-Blazos, A, Radcliffe, J, Segal, L, Brazionis, L, Salim, A, Tierney, A, O'Dea, K, Wilson, A, and Thomas, CJ
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Mediterranean diet ,MEDLINE ,Coronary Disease ,heart-productive diet ,Disease ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Diet, Mediterranean ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Internal medicine ,Health care ,medicine ,Ethnicity ,Secondary Prevention ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Myocardial infarction ,Platelet activation ,Diet, Fat-Restricted ,body composition ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Incidence ,Australia ,medicine.disease ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
The Mediterranean diet was first characterized as a heart-protective diet in the 1960s. The significant cardio-protective effects of the Mediterranean diet in comparison to the standard care low-fat diet have been established in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD), however, there is insufficient evidence in secondary prevention research to influence the current standard of care. Opportunity exists to assess the Mediterranean diet as a therapeutic target for secondary CVD prevention within Australia's ethno-culturally diverse communities.The AUSMED Heart Trial is a multi-site randomized controlled trial that will evaluate the efficacy of the Mediterranean diet for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in the Australian healthcare setting. This trial aims to evaluate the effect of a 6-month Mediterranean diet intervention (delivered by dietitians) versus a ‘standard-care’ low-fat diet in reducing the composite incidence of cardiovascular events at 12 months and at trial end in participants with documented evidence of a previous Acute Myocardial Infarct (AMI) at trial entry. The quality of the diet at baseline and follow-up will be assessed using comprehensive dietary questionnaires and diaries as well as relevant dietary biomarkers (such as urinary polyphenols, erythrocyte fatty acids).Cardiovascular risk markers, including novel measures of immune and inflammatory status, endothelial function, vascular compliance, platelet activity and body composition, will be collected to explore possible mechanisms for treatment effect. Cost-effectiveness will also be estimated to support policy translation.We plan to recruit 1032 participants (516 per arm) from cardiology clinics in major Australian hospitals in Melbourne, Adelaide and Brisbane. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Published
- 2017
11. Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Early Prevention of Inflammatory Neurodegenerative Disease: A Focus on Alzheimer's Disease
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Jency Thomas, Colleen J. Thomas, Catherine Itsiopoulos, and Jessica Radcliffe
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Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Aging ,lcsh:Medicine ,Disease ,Review Article ,Bioinformatics ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Insulin resistance ,Alzheimer Disease ,Diabetes mellitus ,Fatty Acids, Omega-3 ,medicine ,Dementia ,Humans ,Cognitive decline ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,Neurodegenerative Diseases ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Diet ,chemistry ,Docosahexaenoic acid ,Dietary Supplements ,Alzheimer's disease ,business ,Polyunsaturated fatty acid - Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia and the most common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly. Furthermore, AD has provided the most positive indication to support the fact that inflammation contributes to neurodegenerative disease. The exact etiology of AD is unknown, but environmental and genetic factors are thought to contribute, such as advancing age, family history, presence of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes, and poor diet and lifestyle. It is hypothesised that early prevention or management of inflammation could delay the onset or reduce the symptoms of AD. Normal physiological changes to the brain with ageing include depletion of long chain omega-3 fatty acids and brains of AD patients have lower docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels. DHA supplementation can reduce markers of inflammation. This review specifically focusses on the evidence in humans from epidemiological, dietary intervention, and supplementation studies, which supports the role of long chain omega-3 fatty acids in the prevention or delay of cognitive decline in AD in its early stages. Longer term trials with long chain omega-3 supplementation in early stage AD are warranted. We also highlight the importance of overall quality and composition of the diet to protect against AD and dementia.
- Published
- 2014
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