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Aβ oligomers have been widely accepted as significant biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) detection, monitoring, and therapy since they are highly correlated with AD development. In this work, an electrochemical array-based sensing platform was successfully built using a group of functionalized graphene with different physicochemical features. Since the electro-insulated Aβ peptide species severely interfered with the electron transport on the electrode surface, the presence of Aβ led to a significant change in the electrochemical impedance signal. The resulting variety of the impedance was then classified and processed by linear discriminant analysis. The constructed sensing platform can discriminate different Aβ forms, the mixture of various Aβ forms, and different ratios of Aβ42 to Aβ40 with 100% accuracy by only the combination of dual probes. Furthermore, it also exhibited excellent performance for screening Aβ inhibitors and metal chelators. The strategy utilizes the infinitesimal general discrepancy instead of specific biomarker recognition, exhibiting the advantage of no requirement to know the exact information about the specific ligand and receptor in advance, which is promising to be widened for the other biosensing detection fields. • A facile functionalized graphene-based electrochemical array sensor was successfully constructed. • The prepared sensing platform could discriminate different Aβ forms, the mixture of various Aβ forms, and different ratios of Aβ42 to Aβ40 in buffered solutions as well as in complex body fluid environments. • 100% identification through the combination of dual probes was achieved, indicating the super diagnostic capacity of the sensor array. • The strategy utilizes the infinitesimal general discrepancy instead of specific biomarker recognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The persistent luminescent material exhibits robust optical performance in the healthcare field. • Various testing and therapeutic techniques have been developed by integrating the unique long afterglow properties. • Increased efforts have been made to improve the brightness and durability of the new material. • PLM-based techniques are promising to solve more public health problems in various scenarios. With the advancement of human civilization and the growing diversity and multipolarity of the international community, there is a mounting emphasis on addressing public health and safety concerns. In order to respond to public safety incidents, the development of in-situ, timely, and sensitive detection methods has become the key. The pursuit of a high quality of life has revolutionized the investigation and evaluation of epidemics, tumors, and endemic diseases, necessitating tracing based on unique genetic sequences or antigenic properties of pathogenic microorganisms, tumor markers, and bioactive molecules. Additionally, the prevalence of food safety incidents has fostered societal expectations for continuous assurance through the detection of pesticide and bio-enzyme residues, environmental and industrial pollutants, as well as monitoring hazardous substances in food production. Due to its unique optical phenomenon and persistent afterglow emissions following stimulation cessation, persistent luminescent materials (PLMs) have garnered increased research attention across various sectors. The ability to quench in situ excitation and retain energy for extended durations has positioned them as an appealing system for implementation in luminescence imaging and sensing applications pertaining to public health and safety. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of groundbreaking work conducted over the past five years in the field of PLMs in relation to public health. We first highlight the luminescence principles of PLMs. In the following parts, we provide comprehensive coverage of the latest advancements and trends in the application of PLMs as biosensors in clinical examination and food contaminant analysis. Moreover, we emphasize their advantages in the application of antimicrobial treatment and light-guided tumor treatment. Finally, we discuss the future research directions and challenges in developing of PLMs for public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pathogens and contaminants in food and the environment present significant challenges to human health, necessitating highly sensitive and specific diagnostic methods. Traditional approaches often struggle to meet these requirements. However, the emergence of the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) system has revolutionized nucleic acid diagnostics. The present review provides a comprehensive overview of the biological sensing technology based on the CRISPR/Cas system and its potential applications in public health-related analysis. Additionally, it explores the enzymatic cleavage capabilities mediated by Cas proteins, highlighting the promising prospects of CRISPR technology in addressing bioanalysis challenges. We discuss commonly used CRISPR-Cas proteins and elaborate on their application in detecting foodborne bacteria, viruses, toxins, other chemical pollution, and drug-resistant bacteria. Furthermore, we highlight the advantages of CRISPR-based sensors in the field of public health-related analysis and propose that integrating CRISPR-Cas biosensing technology with other technologies could facilitate the development of more diverse detection platforms, thereby indicating promising prospects in this field. The present study provides an overview of the potential applications of CRISPR technology in the field of public health, encompassing foodborne bacteria, viruses, toxins, other chemical pollutants, and drug-resistant bacteria. [Display omitted] • The present study provides a comprehensive review on the utilization of the CRISPR system in public health surveillance. • Applications of CRISPR technology in the detection of foodborne bacteria, viruses, environmental toxins, pollutants, and drug-resistant bacteria were employed. • The benefits, drawbacks and improvement ideas of these sensors were elaborated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water pollution caused by harmful heavy metal ions (HMIs) can significantly impact aquatic ecosystems and pose a high risk to human health. In this work, equipped with ultra-high fluorescence brightness, efficient energy transfer, and environmentally friendly performance, polymer dots (Pdots) were employed to construct a pattern recognition fluorescent HMIs detection platform. A single-channel unary Pdots differential sensing array was first developed to identify multiple HMIs with 100% classification accuracy. Then an "all-in-one" multiple Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) Pdots differential sensing platform was constructed to discriminate HMIs in the artificial polluted water samples and actual water samples, exhibiting high classification accuracy in distinguishing HMIs. The proposed strategy leverages the compounded cumulative differential variation of diverse sensing channels for analytes, which is anticipated to find extensive applications in other fields for detection purposes. • The ultra-brightness and high stability of Pdots sensors render them highly promising for efficiently detecting heavy metal ions. • The preparation and detection process of Pdots-based sensors were facile and user-friendly. • The implementation of an "all-in-one" strategy simplified the process by consolidating multiple assays into a single one. • The streamlined detection process can effectively mitigate analytical errors arising from multiple experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A multifunctional nanoplatform (g-CPFD) based on g-C 3 N 4 quantum dots is synthesized. • The g-CPFD achieves chemo-photodynamic combination therapy in one system. • The g-CPFD exhibits folate receptor-mediated targeting ability. • The g-CPFD is traceable and exhibits pH-responsive release property. Graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots (g-CNQDs) have shown great potential in imaging, drug delivery and photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, relevant research on g-CNQDs for PDT or drug delivery has been conducted separately. Herein, we develop a g-CNQDs-based nanoplatform (g-CPFD) to achieve simultaneously imaging and chemo-photodynamic combination therapy in one system. A g-CNQDs-based nanocarrier (g-CPF) is first prepared by successively introducing carboxyamino-terminated oligomeric polyethylene glycol and folic acid onto the surface of g-CNQDs via two-step amidation. The resultant g-CPF possesses good physiological stability, strong blue fluorescence, desirable biocompatibility, and visible light-stimulated reactive oxygen species generating ability. Further non-covalently loaded doxorubicin enables the system with chemotherapy function. Compared with free doxorubicin, g-CPFD expresses more efficient chemotherapy to HeLa cells due to improved folate receptor-mediated cellular uptake and intracellular pH-triggered drug release. Furthermore, g-CPFD under visible light irradiation shows enhanced inhibition on the growth of cancer cells compared to sole chemotherapy or PDT. Thus, g-CPFD exhibits exceptional anti-tumor efficiency due to folate receptor-mediated targeting ability, intracellular pH-triggered drug release and a combined treatment effect arising from PDT and chemotherapy. Moreover, this nanoplatform benefits imaging-guided drug delivery because of inherent fluorescent properties of doxorubicin and g-CPF, hence achieving the goal of imaging-guided chemo-photodynamic combination treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of high ground stress, high geothermal temperature, and thermal hazard during deep mineral resource exploitation, the concept of phase-change heat storage backfill was put forward in this study. Further, the corresponding technical system was constructed and the main content involved in technical system, which is the optimized proportion of the backfill slurry added with phase-change materials (PCMs), was examined. Moreover, we elaborated upon the collaborative optimization of a backfill body's mechanical and thermal properties and the mutual cooperation on backfill mining, geothermal energy exploitation, and simultaneous stope cooling. The heat transfer behavior of a backfill body plays a key role in technology system. We numerically simulated the heat transfer among a backfill body, surrounding rock, and airflow in the heat storage process, as well as the heat transfer between backfill body and cold fluid during the heat release process. The temperature distribution of a backfill body at different heat storage/heat release times—i.e., the temperature distribution and its evolution—with heat transfer were revealed and analyzed. This study can provide theoretical guidance for a phase-change heat storage backfill, as it has an important significance for the collaborative exploitation of mineral resources and geothermal energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A drug delivery system based on fluorescent MoS 2 QDs is synthesized. • PEGylated MoS 2 QDs has good physiological stability and is suitable for carrier. • The drug delivery system is traceable and exhibits pH-responsive release property. Since low pH value is widely observed in most of solid tumors, pH-responsive drug delivery system (DDS) can provide a general strategy for tumor-targeting therapy. In this work, a traceable and pH-responsive DDS (MoS 2 -PEG-DOX) based on MoS 2 quantum dots (MoS 2 QDs) is successfully developed by covalently grafting MoS 2 QDs with diamine-terminated oligomeric polyethylene glycol (PEG) and then loading with a fluorescent antineoplastic anthracycline drug, doxorubicin (DOX). The functionalization of MoS 2 QDs with PEG imparts the nanocomposite with strong blue photoluminescence, low cytotoxicity, and excellent physiological stability. The MoS 2 -PEG-DOX nano-assembly can be effectively taken up by U251 cells, and an accelerated DOX release is then triggered by intracellular acid condition, which in turn diminishing unwanted side effects derived by the incorporation of DOX into healthy cells. Meanwhile, the cellular uptake of the MoS 2 -PEG-DOX nano-assembly, consequent DOX release and the localization of nanocarrier can be real-time monitored due to the inherent stable fluorescence of MoS 2 -PEG and DOX. These findings demonstrate that MoS 2 -PEG-DOX will be promising for high treatment efficacy with minimal side effects in future therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]