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1. Sea anemones may thrive in a high CO 2 world

Author

Suggett, DJ, Hall-Spencer, JM, Rodolfo-Metalpa, R, Boatman, TG, Payton, R, Tye Pettay, D, Johnson, VR, Warner, ME, Lawson, T, Suggett, DJ, Hall-Spencer, JM, Rodolfo-Metalpa, R, Boatman, TG, Payton, R, Tye Pettay, D, Johnson, VR, Warner, ME, and Lawson, T

Abstract

Increased seawater pCO 2, and in turn 'ocean acidification' (OA), is predicted to profoundly impact marine ecosystem diversity and function this century. Much research has already focussed on calcifying reef-forming corals (Class: Anthozoa) that appear particularly susceptible to OA via reduced net calcification. However, here we show that OA-like conditions can simultaneously enhance the ecological success of non-calcifying anthozoans, which not only play key ecological and biogeochemical roles in present day benthic ecosystems but also represent a model organism should calcifying anthozoans exist as less calcified (soft-bodied) forms in future oceans. Increased growth (abundance and size) of the sea anemone (Anemonia viridis) population was observed along a natural CO 2 gradient at Vulcano, Italy. Both gross photosynthesis (P G) and respiration (R) increased with pCO 2 indicating that the increased growth was, at least in part, fuelled by bottom up (CO 2 stimulation) of metabolism. The increase of P G outweighed that of R and the genetic identity of the symbiotic microalgae (Symbiodinium spp.) remained unchanged (type A19) suggesting proximity to the vent site relieved CO 2 limitation of the anemones' symbiotic microalgal population. Our observations of enhanced productivity with pCO 2, which are consistent with previous reports for some calcifying corals, convey an increase in fitness that may enable non-calcifying anthozoans to thrive in future environments, i.e. higher seawater pCO 2. Understanding how CO 2-enhanced productivity of non- (and less-) calcifying anthozoans applies more widely to tropical ecosystems is a priority where such organisms can dominate benthic ecosystems, in particular following localized anthropogenic stress. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Published
2012

4. Geographic Availability of Physicians Certified by the American Board of Obesity Medicine Relative to Obesity Prevalence.

Author

Gudzune KA, Johnson VR, Bramante CT, and Stanford FC

Subjects
Adolescent, Certification, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, United States, Obesity epidemiology, Physicians organization & administration, Specialty Boards standards
Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the distribution of adult and pediatric American Board of Obesity Medicine (ABOM) diplomates relative to the prevalence of obesity by US state., Methods: Data from the ABOM physician directory were used to determine original specialty and US state. Physicians were labeled as "adult medicine" physicians (i.e., internal medicine, family medicine, or internal medicine and pediatrics), "pediatric medicine" physicians (i.e., pediatrics, family medicine, or internal medicine and pediatrics), and "other physicians" (i.e., surgical specialty, other specialty, or unknown). Prevalence of obesity by state, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, was used for adults and adolescents in 2017 and for children in 2014. Counts of ABOM-certified adult medicine physicians and pediatric medicine physicians were conducted relative to obesity prevalence by state., Results: A total of 2,577 US-based ABOM-certified physicians were included (79% from adult medicine, 38% from pediatric medicine, and 15% from other fields). All US states had more than one ABOM-certified adult medicine physician, although geographic disparities existed in physician availability relative to obesity prevalence. Fewer pediatric medicine ABOM diplomates were available in all states., Conclusions: Promotion of ABOM training and certification in certain geographic locations and among pediatric physicians may help address disparities in ABOM diplomate availability relative to obesity burden., (© 2019 The Obesity Society.)

Published
2019
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5. Immediate steps toward patient safety.

Author

Johnson VR, Hummel J, Kinninger T, and Lewis RR

Subjects
California, Electronic Data Processing, Hospitals, Voluntary organization & administration, Humans, Multi-Institutional Systems organization & administration, Organizational Case Studies, Patient Identification Systems, Patient Satisfaction, Point-of-Care Systems, Medical Records Systems, Computerized, Medication Errors prevention & control, Medication Systems, Hospital standards, Safety Management methods
Abstract

Patient safety should be a fundamental element in any hospital's philosophy, mission, and vision. Use of barcode point-of-care technology (BPOC) to reduce medication errors is a patient-safety approach that hospitals can implement within a short time frame and obtain immediate benefits. Advantages of BPOC are that it is intuitive, cost-effective, and conducive to improved patient satisfaction.

Published
2004

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