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3. Dead mammal walking: A month‐long march by a bison (Bison bison) after an ungulate–vehicle collision.

Author

Jung, Thomas S., Lewis, Christopher J., Miller, Hannah A., Kuba, Kazuhisa, and Thacker, Caeley

Subjects
ALASKA Highway, AMERICAN bison, BISON, UNGULATE mortality, MAMMALS, TAIGAS, UNGULATES, ROADSIDE improvement
Abstract

Globally, ungulate–vehicle collisions (UVCs) are a major human safety concern and may also represent a significant source of mortality for some ungulate populations. However, records of UVC based on counts of roadside carcasses or reports by drivers involved in these incidents are assuredly underestimated because not all ungulates struck die immediately or at the roadside or are reported by drivers or authorities. Here, we provide an observation and analysis of the movements of a GPS‐collared bison (Bison bison) that was involved in a UVC on the Alaska Highway and died in a thick boreal forest 29 days later. During that time, she moved 49.7 km from where she was hit. Her daily movement rate (in kilometers per hour) and daily net displacement (in kilometers per day) were significantly greater in the 29‐day period before she was struck compared with 29 days afterward. This vivid example illustrates that individuals injured in a UVC can die several weeks later and at a considerable distance from where they were initially struck. Moreover, when they eventually die, it may be where their carcass would not be found or associated with a UVC. Bison are the largest land mammal in North America and perhaps more robust to some lower impact UVC than smaller bodied species. Even so, if not for the GPS collar on this bison, we would have never known the fate of this individual, and the carcass likely never found. Taken together, the movements and final resting place of this bison illuminate how estimates of mortality as a result of UVC can be underestimated when the animal does not die immediately and in a location where it can be found. Given our data, we further urge managers to consider roadside counts of animals killed in UVC as a minimum estimate when considering options for mitigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. Long-term monitoring in the boreal forest reveals high spatio-temporal variability among primary ecosystem constituents

Author

Krebs, Charles J., primary, Boutin, Stan, additional, Boonstra, Rudy, additional, Murray, Dennis L., additional, Jung, Thomas S., additional, O’Donoghue, Mark, additional, Gilbert, B. Scott, additional, Kukka, Piia M., additional, Taylor, Shawn D., additional, Morgan, T., additional, Drummond, Ryan, additional, Sinclair, Anthony R. E., additional, and Kenney, Alice J., additional

Published
2023
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7. When death comes: linking predator–prey activity patterns to timing of mortality to understand predation risk

Author

Shiratsuru, Shotaro, primary, Studd, Emily K., additional, Boutin, Stan, additional, Peers, Michael J. L., additional, Majchrzak, Yasmine N., additional, Menzies, Allyson K., additional, Derbyshire, Rachael, additional, Jung, Thomas S., additional, Krebs, Charles J., additional, Boonstra, Rudy, additional, and Murray, Dennis L., additional

Published
2023
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8. Diet and landscape characteristics drive spatial patterns of mercury accumulation in a high-latitude terrestrial carnivore

Author

Peraza, Inés, primary, Chételat, John, additional, Richardson, Murray, additional, Jung, Thomas S., additional, Awan, Malik, additional, Baryluk, Steve, additional, Dastoor, Ashu, additional, Harrower, William, additional, Kukka, Piia M., additional, McClelland, Christine, additional, Mowat, Garth, additional, Pelletier, Nicolas, additional, Rodford, Christine, additional, and Ryjkov, Andrei, additional

Published
2023
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11. Coat color mismatch improves survival of a keystone boreal herbivore: Energetic advantages exceed lost camouflage

Author

Kennah, Joanie L., primary, Peers, Michael J. L., additional, Vander Wal, Eric, additional, Majchrzak, Yasmine N., additional, Menzies, Allyson K., additional, Studd, Emily K., additional, Boonstra, Rudy, additional, Humphries, Murray M., additional, Jung, Thomas S., additional, Kenney, Alice J., additional, Krebs, Charles J., additional, and Boutin, Stan, additional

Published
2022
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13. Phase-, season-, cycle number or coat colour state-specific estimates of capture probabilities and transition probabilities for snowshoe hares in Kluane, Yukon, Canada, 1977 – 2020. Average winter snow depth data in Kluane, Yukon, Canada are also presented for the period 1988 – 2021 from Does coat colour influence survival? A test in a cyclic population of snowshoe hares

Author

Oli, Madan K., Kenney, Alice J., Boonstra, Rudy, Boutin, Stan, Murray, Dennis L., Peers, Michael J. L., Gilbert, B. Scott, Jung, Thomas S., Chaudhary, Vratika, Hines, James E., and Krebs, Charles J.

Abstract

Some mammal species inhabiting high-latitude biomes have evolved a seasonal moulting pattern that improves camouflage via white coats in winter and brown coats in summer. In many high-latitude and high-altitude areas, the duration and depth of snow cover has been substantially reduced in the last five decades. This reduction in depth and duration of snow cover may create a mismatch between coat colour and colour of the background environment, and potentially reduce the survival rate of species that depend on crypsis. We used long-term (1977–2020) field data and capture–mark–recapture models to test the hypothesis that whiteness of the coat influences winter apparent survival in a cyclic population of snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) at Kluane, Yukon, Canada. Whiteness of the snowshoe hare coat in autumn declined during this study, and snowshoe hares with a greater proportion of whiteness in their coats in autumn survived better during winter. However, whiteness of the coat in spring did not affect subsequent summer survival. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the timing of coat colour change in autumn can reduce overwinter survival. Because declines in cyclic snowshoe hare populations are strongly affected by low winter survival, the timing of coat colour change may adversely affect snowshoe hare population dynamics as climate change continues.

Published
2023
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14. Supplementary Methods, Tables, and Figures from When death comes: linking predator–prey activity patterns to timing of mortality to understand predation risk

Author

Shiratsuru, Shotaro, Studd, Emily K., Boutin, Stan, Peers, Michael J. L., Majchrzak, Yasmine N., Menzies, Allyson K., Derbyshire, Rachael, Jung, Thomas S., Krebs, Charles J., Boonstra, Rudy, and Murray, Dennis L.

Abstract

Additional methodological details, and result tables and figures.

Published
2023
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18. Canada Lynx (Lynx canadensis) as Potential Reservoirs and Sentinels of Toxoplasma gondii in Northern Canada.

Author

Bouchard, Émilie, Sharma, Rajnish, Hernández-Ortiz, Adrián, Jung, Thomas S., Harms, N. Jane, Willier, Caitlin N., Boonstra, Rudy, Majchrzak, Yasmine N., Peers, Michael J. L., Gouin, Géraldine-G., Al-Adhami, Batol, Simon, Audrey, Leighton, Patrick, and Jenkins, Emily J.

Subjects
LYNX, TOXOPLASMA gondii, INFECTIOUS disease transmission, VERTEBRATES
Abstract

Simple Summary: Toxoplasma gondii is considered one of the most successful parasites in the world, potentially infecting any vertebrates, including humans. Its complex life cycle encompasses many transmission pathways, which remain enigmatic in northern ecosystems. The aim of our study was to assess Canada lynx as potential reservoir of and sentinel for T. gondii by (1) using serological and molecular assays to detect T. gondii, (2) determining if lynx are definitive hosts for the parasite, and (3) identifying potential risk factors that may contribute to lynx exposure. For the first time, T. gondii DNA was found in tissue and feces of Canada lynx, indicating that they can be both intermediate and definitive hosts in northern regions. Our findings would help identify high-risk regions for infections in northern Canada, with lynx serving as indicator for potential human exposure of T. gondii. Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic parasite globally infecting a wide range of species, including humans. Felids are the only known hosts that can excrete environmentally resistant oocysts into ecosystems. In boreal regions, Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) are sought by hunters primarily for their fur, and they are occasionally eaten. We examined carcasses salvaged from trappers from boreal regions of eastern (n = 97) and western (n = 357) Canada. We detected T. gondii antibodies in fluid from thawed heart tissue using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, DNA in brain and heart via magnetic capture and real-time PCR assay, and presence of DNA in feces using a real-time PCR with melt curve analysis. We detected antibodies against T. gondii and DNA in tissues in 24% and 19% of lynx, respectively. One lynx was positive for DNA of T. gondii in feces, which could indicate intestinal infection and potential for shedding oocysts. Our results indicate that lynx may be a useful sentinel species for monitoring environmental circulation of T. gondii in northern boreal regions and may pose a risk for transmission to other wildlife and to people handling or consuming lynx. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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20. Wolverines (Gulo gulo) in a changing landscape and warming climate: A decadal synthesis of global conservation ecology research

Author

Fisher, Jason T., primary, Murray, Sean, additional, Barrueto, Mirjam, additional, Carroll, Kathleen, additional, Clevenger, Anthony P., additional, Hausleitner, Doris, additional, Harrower, William, additional, Heim, Nicole, additional, Heinemeyer, Kim, additional, Jacob, Aerin L., additional, Jung, Thomas S., additional, Kortello, Andrea, additional, Ladle, Andrew, additional, Long, Robert, additional, MacKay, Paula, additional, and Sawaya, Michael A., additional

Published
2022
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23. Coat color mismatch improves survival of a keystone boreal herbivore: Energetic advantages exceed lost camouflage.

Author

Kennah, Joanie L., Peers, Michael J. L., Vander Wal, Eric, Majchrzak, Yasmine N., Menzies, Allyson K., Studd, Emily K., Boonstra, Rudy, Humphries, Murray M., Jung, Thomas S., Kenney, Alice J., Krebs, Charles J., and Boutin, Stan

Subjects
ANIMAL coloration, PREDATION, GLOBAL warming, HERBIVORES, SPRING, HARES, WINTER, PLANT phenology
Abstract

Climate warming is causing asynchronies between animal phenology and environments. Mismatched traits, such as coat color change mismatched with snow, can decrease survival. However, coat change does not serve a singular adaptive benefit of camouflage, and alternate coat change functions may confer advantages that supersede mismatch costs. We found that mismatch reduced, rather than increased, autumn mortality risk of snowshoe hares in Yukon by 86.5% when mismatch occurred. We suggest that the increased coat insulation and lower metabolic rates of winter‐acclimatized hares confer energetic advantages to white mismatched hares that reduce their mortality risk. We found that white mismatched hares forage 17–77 min less per day than matched brown hares between 0°C and −10°C, thus lowering their predation risk and increasing survival. We found no effect of mismatch on spring mortality risk, during which mismatch occurred at warmer temperatures, suggesting a potential temperature limit at which the costs of conspicuousness outweigh energetic benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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24. Balancing food acquisition and predation risk drives demographic changes in snowshoe hare population cycles

Author

Majchrzak, Yasmine N., primary, Peers, Michael J. L., additional, Studd, Emily K., additional, Menzies, Allyson K., additional, Walker, Philip D., additional, Shiratsuru, Shotaro, additional, McCaw, Laura K., additional, Boonstra, Rudy, additional, Humphries, Murray, additional, Jung, Thomas S., additional, Kenney, Alice J., additional, Krebs, Charles J., additional, Murray, Dennis L., additional, and Boutin, Stan, additional

Published
2022
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38. Additional file 1 of High prevalence, intensity, and genetic diversity of Trichinella spp. in wolverine (Gulo gulo) from Yukon, Canada

Author

Sharma, Rajnish, Harms, N. Jane, Kukka, Piia M., Jung, Thomas S., Parker, Sarah E., Ross, Sasha, Thompson, Peter, Rosenthal, Benjamin, Hoberg, Eric P., and Jenkins, Emily J.

Subjects
parasitic diseases, fungi, digestive system
Abstract

Additional file 1: Table S1. Prevalence of Trichinella spp. in wild carnivores in Canada and Alaska. Table S2. Prevalence and larval burden (larvae per gram) of Trichinella spp. in wolverine from different geographical locations.

Published
2021
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40. InfoNorth: it's not just about bears: a problem-solving workshop on aboriginal peoples, polar bears, and human dignity

Author

Clark, Douglas A., Clark, Susan G., Dowsley, Martha, Foote, Lee, Jung, Thomas S., and Lemelin, Raynald H.

Subjects
Polar bear -- Protection and preservation, Wildlife conservation -- Social aspects, Human-animal relationships -- Management, Native people's land claims -- Environmental aspects, Company business management, Earth sciences, Regional focus/area studies
Abstract

INTRODUCTION THROUGHOUT THE ARCTIC, the conservation of polar bears (Ursus maritimus), based on the goals and principles of the 1973 International Agreement for the Conservation of Polar Bears and Their [...]

Published
2010

43. Activity and diet of little brown bats in interior Alaska

Author

Shively, Rachel, Barboza, Perry, Jung, Thomas S., and Stricker, Craig

Subjects
behavior and behavior mechanisms, technology, industry, and agriculture, population characteristics, social sciences, geographic locations
Abstract

Activity and diet of little brown bats in interior Alaska

Published
2019
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44. Observations on the natural history of bats in the Yukon

Author

Slough, Brian G. and Jung, Thomas S.

Subjects
Yukon Territory -- Environmental aspects, Bats -- Observations -- Natural history -- Behavior -- Environmental aspects, General interest, News, opinion and commentary, Observations, Behavior, Natural history, Environmental aspects
Abstract

Abstract: Until recently, bats have not been well surveyed or studied in the Yukon. The little brown bat was known to range north to Mayo and Dawson City in the [...]

Published
2008

50. Correction: Prelude to a panzootic: Gene flow and immunogenetic variation in northern little brown myotis vulnerable to bat white-nose syndrome

Author

Davy, Christina M., primary, Donaldson, Michael E., additional, Rico, Yessica, additional, Lausen, Cori L., additional, Dogantzis, Kathleen, additional, Ritchie, Kyle, additional, Willis, Craig K.R., additional, Burles, Douglas W., additional, Jung, Thomas S., additional, McBurney, Scott, additional, Park, Allysia, additional, McAlpine, Donald F., additional, Vanderwolf, Karen J., additional, and Kyle, Christopher J., additional

Published
2017
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