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1. Indirect evidence for elemental hydrogen in laser-compressed hydrocarbons

Author: D. Kraus, J. Vorberger, N. J. Hartley, J. Lütgert, M. Rödel, D. Chekrygina, T. Döppner, T. van Driel, R. W. Falcone, L. B. Fletcher, S. Frydrych, E. Galtier, D. O. Gericke, S. H. Glenzer, E. Granados, Y. Inubushi, N. Kamimura, K. Katagiri, M. J. MacDonald, A. J. MacKinnon, T. Matsuoka, K. Miyanishi, E. E. McBride, I. Nam, P. Neumayer, N. Ozaki, A. Pak, A. Ravasio, A. M. Saunders, A. K. Schuster, M. G. Stevenson, K. Sueda, P. Sun, T. Togashi, K. Voigt, M. Yabashi, and T. Yabuuchi
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: We demonstrate a significantly simplified experimental approach for investigating liquid metallic hydrogen, which is crucial to understand the internal structure and evolution of giant planets. Plastic samples were shockcompressed and then probed by short pulses of X-rays generated by free electron lasers. By comparison with ab initio simulations, we provide indirect evidence for the creation of elemental hydrogen in shock-compressed plastics at ∼150GPa and ∼5,000K and thus in a regime where hydrogen is predicted to be metallic. Being the most common form of condensed matter in our solar system, and ostensibly the simplest of all elements, hydrogen is the model case for many theoretical studies and we provide a new possibility to benchmark models for conditions with extreme pressures and temperatures. Moreover, this approach will also allow to probe the chemical behavior of metallic hydrogen in mixture with other elements, which, besides its importance for planetary physics, may open up promising pathways for the synthesis of new materials.
Published: 2023
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2. Measuring the structure and equation of state of polyethylene terephthalate at megabar pressures

Author: J. Lütgert, J. Vorberger, N. J. Hartley, K. Voigt, M. Rödel, A. K. Schuster, A. Benuzzi-Mounaix, S. Brown, T. E. Cowan, E. Cunningham, T. Döppner, R. W. Falcone, L. B. Fletcher, E. Galtier, S. H. Glenzer, A. Laso Garcia, D. O. Gericke, P. A. Heimann, H. J. Lee, E. E. McBride, A. Pelka, I. Prencipe, A. M. Saunders, M. Schölmerich, M. Schörner, P. Sun, T. Vinci, A. Ravasio, and D. Kraus
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract We present structure and equation of state (EOS) measurements of biaxially orientated polyethylene terephthalate (PET, $$({\hbox {C}}_{10} {\hbox {H}}_8 {\hbox {O}}_4)_n$$ ( C 10 H 8 O 4 ) n , also called mylar) shock-compressed to ( $$155 \pm 20$$ 155 ± 20 ) GPa and ( $$6000 \pm 1000$$ 6000 ± 1000 ) K using in situ X-ray diffraction, Doppler velocimetry, and optical pyrometry. Comparing to density functional theory molecular dynamics (DFT-MD) simulations, we find a highly correlated liquid at conditions differing from predictions by some equations of state tables, which underlines the influence of complex chemical interactions in this regime. EOS calculations from ab initio DFT-MD simulations and shock Hugoniot measurements of density, pressure and temperature confirm the discrepancy to these tables and present an experimentally benchmarked correction to the description of PET as an exemplary material to represent the mixture of light elements at planetary interior conditions.
Published: 2021
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3. Demonstration of X-ray Thomson scattering as diagnostics for miscibility in warm dense matter

Author: S. Frydrych, J. Vorberger, N. J. Hartley, A. K. Schuster, K. Ramakrishna, A. M. Saunders, T. van Driel, R. W. Falcone, L. B. Fletcher, E. Galtier, E. J. Gamboa, S. H. Glenzer, E. Granados, M. J. MacDonald, A. J. MacKinnon, E. E. McBride, I. Nam, P. Neumayer, A. Pak, K. Voigt, M. Roth, P. Sun, D. O. Gericke, T. Döppner, and D. Kraus
Subjects: Science
Abstract: It is challenging to reliably probe the miscibility behavior of elements in extreme conditions. Here, the authors use X-ray Thomson scattering and compare to the X-ray diffraction method in order to determine mixing of different atomic species in warm dense matter conditions.
Published: 2020
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4. Review: Managing sheep and goats for sustainable high yield production

Author: J. Simões, J.A. Abecia, A. Cannas, J.A. Delgadillo, D. Lacasta, K. Voigt, and P. Chemineau
Subjects: Animal reproduction, Animal nutrition, Flock health, Flock management, Small ruminants, Animal culture, SF1-1100
Abstract: This review discusses the most relevant aspects of nutritional, reproductive and health management, the three pillars of flock efficiency, production and sustainability regarding the intensification of production in sheep and goats. In small ruminants, reproductive management is dependent on seasonality, which in turn depends on breed and latitude. Nutrition represents the major cost for flocks and greatly affects their health, the quality of their products and their environmental impact. High-yielding sheep and goats have very high requirements and dietary intake, requiring nutrient-dense diets and sophisticated nutritional management that should always consider the strong interrelationships among nutrition, immunity, health, reproduction, housing and farm management. The reproductive pattern is to a great extent assisted by out-of-season breeding, facilitating genetic improvement schemes, and more recently by advanced reproductive technologies. Heath management aims to control or eradicate economic and zoonotic diseases, ensuring animal health and welfare, food safety and low ecosystem and environmental impacts in relation to chemical residues and pathogen circulation. In highly producing systems, nutrition, genetic and hazard factors assume a complex interrelationship. Genomic and management improvement research and technological innovation are the keys to sustain sheep and goat production in the future.
Published: 2021
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5. Are German family practitioners and psychiatrists sufficiently trained to diagnose and treat patients with alcohol problems?

Author: T. Hoffmann, K. Voigt, J. Kugler, L. Peschel, A. Bergmann, and H. Riemenschneider
Subjects: Alcohol dependence, Primary health care, Family practitioner, Psychiatrist, Continuing medical education, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Abstract Background Harmful alcohol consumption in Germany is a serious public health problem: About 7.7 million adults in Germany can be classified as risky alcohol consumers, about 74,000 deaths per year are related to alcohol consumption, and about 1.8 million adults in Germany (18–64 years) are classified as alcohol dependent. A treatment rate of 9% of all alcohol dependent patients in Germany implies a lack of supply and misuse of medical care. The aim of the study was to examine whether family practitioners (FPs) and psychiatrists have sufficient skills to diagnose and treat patients with alcohol problems. Methods A total of 6324 FPs and psychiatrists in the states of Saxony and Rhineland-Palatinate in Germany were invited to participate in this survey. Nine hundred seventy-four participants (90.3%/FPs) could be included in the statistical analysis (response rate: 14.3%/FPs, 21.6%/psychiatrists). Data was analysed descriptively and logistical regressions were used to identify predictors for physicians’ ability to feel adequately trained to diagnose and treat patients with alcohol problems. Results In comparison to psychiatrists, less FPs reported feeling sufficiently trained to counsel patients with alcohol problems (81.5% vs. 44.8%). Regression analysis revealed that FPs who felt not adequately trained had less experience with patients with alcohol dependence (OR 7.4), had attended fewer hours on alcohol addiction in continuing medical education (OR 4.8), and were more likely to be female (OR 1.9). A minimum of 10 h of training was associated with improved self-assessed competence. Conclusion Harmful drinking is a serious public health problem, and patients with alcohol dependence represent a large and demanding patient group in primary health care setting. Our study shows that the lack of training is a severe barrier in the work with this patient group in the primary care setting.
Published: 2019
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6. Anaerobic fungi: Neocallimastigomycota

Author: G.W. Griffith, S. Baker, K. Fliegerova, A. Liggenstoffer, M. van der Giezen, K. Voigt, and G. Beakes
Subjects: CHYTRID, BASAL FUNGI, GENOME SEQUENCING, PHYLOGENETICS, NEXT-GENERATION SEQUENCING, HYDROGENOSOME, Botany, QK1-989
Abstract: This contribution is based on the six oral presentations given at the Special Interest Group session on anaerobic fungi held during IMC9. These fungi, recently elevated to the status of a separate phylum (Neocallimastigomycota), distinct from the chytrid fungi, possess several unique traits that make their study both fascinating yet challenging to mycologists. There are several genome sequencing programs underway in the US but these are hampered by the highly AT-rich genomes. Next-generation sequencing has also allowed more detailed investigation of the ecology and diversity of these fungi, and it is apparent that several new taxa beyond the six genera already named exist within the digestive tracts of mammalian herbivores, with others potentially inhabiting other anaerobic niches. By increased collaboration between the various labs studying these fungi, it is hoped to develop a stable taxonomic backbone for these fungi and to facilitate exchange of both cultures and genetic data.
Published: 2010

7. Erratum: Using Diffuse Scattering to Observe X-Ray-Driven Nonthermal Melting [Phys. Rev. Lett. 126 , 015703 (2021)]

Author: N. J. Hartley, J. Grenzer, L. Huang, Y. Inubushi, N. Kamimura, K. Katagiri, R. Kodama, A. Kon, W. Lu, M. Makita, T. Matsuoka, S. Nakajima, N. Ozaki, T. Pikuz, A. Rode, D. Sagae, A. K. Schuster, K. Tono, K. Voigt, J. Vorberger, T. Yabuuchi, E. E. McBride, and D. Kraus
Subjects: General Physics and Astronomy
Published: 2022

8. Recovery of release cloud from laser shock-loaded graphite and hydrocarbon targets: in search of diamonds

Author: A K Schuster, K Voigt, B Klemmed, N J Hartley, J Lütgert, M Zhang, C Bähtz, A Benad, C Brabetz, T Cowan, T Döppner, D J Erb, A Eychmüller, S Facsko, R W Falcone, L B Fletcher, S Frydrych, G C Ganzenmüller, D O Gericke, S H Glenzer, J Grenzer, U Helbig, S Hiermaier, R Hübner, A Laso Garcia, H J Lee, M J MacDonald, E E McBride, P Neumayer, A Pak, A Pelka, I Prencipe, A Prosvetov, A Rack, A Ravasio, R Redmer, D Reemts, M Rödel, M Schoelmerich, D Schumacher, M Tomut, S J Turner, A M Saunders, P Sun, J Vorberger, A Zettl, and D Kraus
Subjects: Acoustics and Ultrasonics, ddc:530, Condensed Matter Physics, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Abstract: Journal of physics / D 56(2), 025301 (2022). doi:10.1088/1361-6463/ac99e8, Published by IOP Publ., Bristol
Published: 2022

9. Demonstration of an x-ray Raman spectroscopy setup to study warm dense carbon at the high energy density instrument of European XFEL

Author: Voigt, K, Zhang, M, Ramakrishna, K, Amouretti, A, Appel, K, Brambrink, E, Cerantola, V, Chekrygina, D, Döppner, T, Falcone, R, Falk, K, Fletcher, L, Gericke, D, G??de, S, Harmand, M, Hartley, N, Hau-Riege, S, Huang, L, Humphries, O, Lokamani, M, Makita, M, Pelka, A, Prescher, C, Schuster, A, Šmíd, M, Toncian, T, Vorberger, J, Zastrau, U, Preston, T, Kraus, D, K. Voigt, M. Zhang, K. Ramakrishna, A. Amouretti, K. Appel, E. Brambrink, V. Cerantola, D. Chekrygina, T. Döppner, R. W. Falcone, K. Falk, L. B. Fletcher, D. O. Gericke, S. G??de, M. Harmand, N. J. Hartley, S. P. Hau-Riege, L. G. Huang, O. S. Humphries, M. Lokamani, M. Makita, A. Pelka, C. Prescher, A. K. Schuster, M. Šmíd, T. Toncian, J. Vorberger, U. Zastrau, T. R. Preston, D. Kraus, Voigt, K, Zhang, M, Ramakrishna, K, Amouretti, A, Appel, K, Brambrink, E, Cerantola, V, Chekrygina, D, Döppner, T, Falcone, R, Falk, K, Fletcher, L, Gericke, D, G??de, S, Harmand, M, Hartley, N, Hau-Riege, S, Huang, L, Humphries, O, Lokamani, M, Makita, M, Pelka, A, Prescher, C, Schuster, A, Šmíd, M, Toncian, T, Vorberger, J, Zastrau, U, Preston, T, Kraus, D, K. Voigt, M. Zhang, K. Ramakrishna, A. Amouretti, K. Appel, E. Brambrink, V. Cerantola, D. Chekrygina, T. Döppner, R. W. Falcone, K. Falk, L. B. Fletcher, D. O. Gericke, S. G??de, M. Harmand, N. J. Hartley, S. P. Hau-Riege, L. G. Huang, O. S. Humphries, M. Lokamani, M. Makita, A. Pelka, C. Prescher, A. K. Schuster, M. Šmíd, T. Toncian, J. Vorberger, U. Zastrau, T. R. Preston, and D. Kraus
Abstract: We present a proof-of-principle study demonstrating x-ray Raman Spectroscopy (XRS) from carbon samples at ambient conditions in conjunction with other common diagnostics to study warm dense matter, performed at the high energy density scientific instrument of the European x-ray Free Electron Laser (European XFEL). We obtain sufficient spectral resolution to identify the local structure and chemical bonding of diamond and graphite samples, using highly annealed pyrolytic graphite spectrometers. Due to the high crystal reflectivity and XFEL brightness, we obtain signal strengths that will enable accurate XRS measurements in upcoming pump-probe experiments with a high repetition-rate, where the samples will be pumped with high-power lasers. Molecular dynamics simulations based on density functional theory together with XRS simulations demonstrate the potential of this technique and show predictions for high-energy-density conditions. Our setup allows simultaneous implementation of several different diagnostic methods to reduce ambiguities in the analysis of the experimental results, which, for warm dense matter, often relies on simplifying model assumptions. The promising capabilities demonstrated here provide unprecedented insights into chemical and structural dynamics in warm dense matter states of light elements, including conditions similar to the interiors of planets, low-mass stars, and other celestial bodies.
Published: 2021

10. Using Diffuse Scattering to Observe X-Ray-Driven Nonthermal Melting

Author: M. Makita, Nobuki Kamimura, Tatiana Pikuz, L. G. Huang, T. Yabuuchi, Yuichi Inubushi, Emma McBride, Andrei Rode, Daisuke Sagae, K. Voigt, Tetsuya Matsuoka, S. Nakajima, Norimasa Ozaki, Joerg Grenzer, Kento Katagiri, Ryosuke Kodama, Jan Vorberger, A. K. Schuster, Akira Kon, Wei Lu, Dominik Kraus, Kensuke Tono, and N. J. Hartley
Subjects: Phase transition, Materials science, Silicon, Scattering, Free-electron laser, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, Ionic bonding, FOS: Physical sciences, Electron, 01 natural sciences, Physics - Plasma Physics, Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Coulomb, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Intensity (heat transfer)
Abstract: We present results from the SPring-8 Angstrom Compact free electron LAser (SACLA) XFEL facility, using a high intensity ($\sim\!10^{20}\,$W/cm$^2$) X-ray pump X-ray probe scheme to observe changes in the ionic structure of silicon induced by X-ray heating of the electrons. By avoiding Laue spots in the scattering signal from a single crystalline sample, we observe a rapid rise in diffuse scattering, which we attribute to a loss of lattice order and a transition to a liquid state within 100 fs of irradiation, a timescale which agrees well with first principles simulations, but is faster than that predicted by purely inertial behavior. This method is capable of observing liquid scattering without masking or filtering of signal from the ambient solid, allowing the liquid structure to be measured throughout and beyond the phase change., 6 pages, 5 figures. Updated title and abstract
Published: 2020

11. Measurement of diamond nucleation rates from hydrocarbons at conditions comparable to the interiors of icy giant planets

Author: Luke Fletcher, N. J. Hartley, E. J. Gamboa, Siegfried Glenzer, Irene Prencipe, Dominik Kraus, Dirk O. Gericke, Peihao Sun, A. K. Schuster, T. van Driel, A. J. MacKinnon, Inhyuk Nam, Eduardo Granados, Arthur Pak, Michael MacDonald, Roger Falcone, S. Frydrych, Paul Neumayer, Tilo Döppner, Eric Galtier, K. Voigt, Alison Saunders, Jan Vorberger, and Emma McBride
Subjects: Diffraction, Materials science, Lattice (group), Nucleation, Uranus, Diamond, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, Orders of magnitude (numbers), 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Molecular physics, Planet, Neptune, 0103 physical sciences, engineering, ddc:530, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Physical review / B covering condensed matter and materials physics 101(5), 054301 (2020). doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.101.054301, We present measurements of the nucleation rate into a diamond lattice in dynamically compressed polystyrene obtained in a pump-probe experiment using a high-energy laser system and in situ femtosecond x-ray diffraction. Different temperature-pressure conditions that occur in planetary interiors were probed. For a single shock reaching 70 GPa and 3000 K no diamond formation was observed, while with a double shock driving polystyrene to pressures around 150 GPa and temperatures around 5000 K nucleation rates between 10(29) and 10(34) m(-3) s(-1) were recorded. These nucleation rates do not agree with predictions of the state-of-the-art theoretical models for carbon-hydrogen mixtures by many orders of magnitude. Our data suggest that there is significant diamond formation to be expected inside icy giant planets like Neptune and Uranus., Published by Inst., Woodbury, NY
Published: 2020
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12. Design and performance characterisation of the HAPG von Hámos Spectrometer at the High Energy Density Instrument of the European XFEL

Author: Bob Nagler, Katerina Falk, Dominik Kraus, I. Thorpe, Luke Fletcher, P.A. Heimann, M. Zhang, K. Sukharnikov, Michal Smid, T. R. Preston, A. Pelka, J. P. Schwinkendorf, Roger Falcone, O. Karnbach, A. Amouretti, S. Ren, Valerio Cerantola, Marion Harmand, N. J. Hartley, T. Toncian, L. G. Huang, A. Schmidt, Hauke Höppner, Clemens Prescher, Oliver Humphries, Sebastian Göde, D. Chekrygina, H. J. Lee, A. K. Schuster, Erik Brambrink, Eric Galtier, M. Makita, K. Voigt, Karen Appel, Ulf Zastrau, Stefan P. Hau-Riege, Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Preston, T, Goede, S, Schwinkendorf, J, Appel, K, Brambrink, E, Cerantola, V, Hoeppner, H, Makita, M, Pelka, A, Prescher, C, Sukharnikov, K, Schmidt, A, Thorpe, I, Toncian, T, Amouretti, A, Chekrygina, D, Falcone, R, Falk, K, Fletcher, L, Galtier, E, Harmand, M, Hartley, N, Hau-Riege, S, Heimann, P, Huang, L, Humphries, O, Karnbach, O, Kraus, D, Lee, H, Nagler, B, Ren, S, Schuster, A, Smid, M, Voigt, K, Zhang, M, and Zastrau, U
Subjects: X-ray detector, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Materials science, Spectrometer, business.industry, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, spectroscopy and imaging, Energy density, Plasma Diagnostics - interferometry, ddc:610, 010306 general physics, business, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Journal of Instrumentation 15(11), P11033 (2020). doi:10.1088/1748-0221/15/11/P11033, The von Hámos spectrometer setup at the HED instrument of the European XFEL is described in detail. The spectrometer is designed to be operated primarily between 5 and 15 keV to complement the operating photon energy range of the HED instrument. Four Highly Annealed Pyrolitic Graphite (HAPG) crystals are characterised with thicknesses of 40 μm or 100 μm and radius-of-curvature 50 mm or 80 mm, in conjunction with either an ePix100 or Jungfrau detector. The achieved resolution with the 50 mm crystals, operated between 6.5 and 9 keV, matches that reported previously: ~8 eV for a thickness of 40 μm, whereas, with an 80 mm crystal of thickness 40 μm, the resolution exceeds that expected. Namely, a resolution of 2 eV is demonstrated between 5–6 keV implying a resolving power of 2800. Therefore, we posit that flatter HAPG crystals, with their high reflectivity and improved resolving power, are a powerful tool for hard x-ray scattering and emission experiments allowing unprecedented measurements of collective scattering in a single shot., Published by Inst. of Physics, London
Published: 2020
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13. Demonstration of an x-ray Raman spectroscopy setup to study warm dense carbon at the high energy density instrument of European XFEL

Author: T. Toncian, M. Zhang, Clemens Prescher, Dirk O. Gericke, Sebastian Göde, M. Lokamani, D. Chekrygina, M. Makita, Roger Falcone, A. Pelka, Stefan P. Hau-Riege, K. Voigt, T. R. Preston, N. J. Hartley, Marion Harmand, Dominik Kraus, L. G. Huang, Oliver Humphries, Kushal Ramakrishna, Valerio Cerantola, A. K. Schuster, Tilo Döppner, Erik Brambrink, Karen Appel, Ulf Zastrau, Katerina Falk, Luke Fletcher, Michal Smid, A. Amouretti, Jan Vorberger, Voigt, K, Zhang, M, Ramakrishna, K, Amouretti, A, Appel, K, Brambrink, E, Cerantola, V, Chekrygina, D, Döppner, T, Falcone, R, Falk, K, Fletcher, L, Gericke, D, G??de, S, Harmand, M, Hartley, N, Hau-Riege, S, Huang, L, Humphries, O, Lokamani, M, Makita, M, Pelka, A, Prescher, C, Schuster, A, Šmíd, M, Toncian, T, Vorberger, J, Zastrau, U, Preston, T, Kraus, D, Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Brightness, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, symbols.namesake, law, XRS, warm dense carbon, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, Spectral resolution, 010306 general physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Physics, Spectrometer, XFEL, Diamond, inelastic scattering, Warm dense matter, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, Computational physics, engineering, symbols, Raman spectroscopy, Annealed pyrolytic graphite
Abstract: International audience; We present a proof-of-principle study demonstrating x-ray Raman Spectroscopy (XRS) from carbon samples at ambient conditions in conjunction with other common diagnostics to study warm dense matter, performed at the high energy density scientific instrument of the European x-ray Free Electron Laser (European XFEL). We obtain sufficient spectral resolution to identify the local structure and chemical bonding of diamond and graphite samples, using highly annealed pyrolytic graphite spectrometers. Due to the high crystal reflectivity and XFEL brightness, we obtain signal strengths that will enable accurate XRS measurements in upcoming pump-probe experiments with a high repetition-rate, where the samples will be pumped with high-power lasers. Molecular dynamics simulations based on density functional theory together with XRS simulations demonstrate the potential of this technique and show predictions for high-energy-density conditions. Our setup allows simultaneous implementation of several different diagnostic methods to reduce ambiguities in the analysis of the experimental results, which, for warm dense matter, often relies on simplifying model assumptions. The promising capabilities demonstrated here provide unprecedented insights into chemical and structural dynamics in warm dense matter states of light elements, including conditions similar to the interiors of planets, low-mass stars, and other celestial bodies.
Published: 2021

14. Mortierellomycotina subphyl. nov., based on multi-gene genealogies

Author: Kerstin Hoffmann, Paul M. Kirk, and K. Voigt
Subjects: Mucoromycotina, Columella, Mucorales, Nuclear gene, biology, Phylogenetic tree, Sporangium, Plant Science, biology.organism_classification, Evolutionary biology, 28S ribosomal RNA, Botany, Mortierellales, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: The Mucoromycotina unifies two heterogenous orders of the sporangiferous, soilinhabiting fungi. The Mucorales comprise saprobic, occasionally facultatively mycoparasitic, taxa bearing a columella, whereas the Mortierellales encompass mainly saprobic fungi lacking a columella. Multi-locus phylogenetic analyses based on eight nuclear genes encoding 18S and 28S rRNA, actin, alpha and beta tubulin, translation elongation factor 1alpha, and RNA polymerase II subunits 1 and 2 provide strong support for separation of the Mortierellales from the Mucoromycotina. The existence of a columella is shown to serve as a synapomorphic morphological trait unique to Mucorales, supporting the taxonomic separation of the acolumellate Mortierellales from the columellate Mucoromycotina. Furthermore, irregular hyphal septation and development of subbasally vesiculate sporangiophores bearing single terminal sporangia strongly correlate with the phylogenetic delimitation of Mortierellales, supporting a new subphylum, mortierellomycotina.
Published: 2011

15. Time trends in the prevalence of peanut allergy: three cohorts of children from the same geographical location in the UK

Author: C. Bernie Clayton, K. Voigt, Jane Grundy, Carina Venter, Taraneh Dean, S. Hasan Arshad, Bernard Higgins, and B. Pereira
Subjects: Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Allergy, business.industry, Immunology, Peanut allergy, Prevalence, food and beverages, medicine.disease, El Niño, Food allergy, Cohort, Epidemiology, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, business, Cohort study
Abstract: Background: This article investigated the prevalence of peanut allergy in three cohorts of children born in the same geographical location, Isle of Wight, UK and seeks to determine whether the prevalence of peanut allergy has changed between 1994 and 2004. Methods: Three cohorts of children (age 3-4 years) born on the Isle of Wight, were assessed for peanut allergy and the outcomes compared: Cohort A: Born in 1989; reviewed at 4 years of age (n = 2181). Cohort B: Born between 1994 and 1996; reviewed between 3 and 4 years of age (n = 1273). Cohort C: Born between 2001 and 2002; reviewed at 3 years of age (n = 891). Results: Peanut sensitization increased significantly from 1.3% in Cohort A to 3.3% (P = 0.003) in Cohort B before falling back to 2.0% in Cohort C (P = 0.145). Similarly, clinical peanut allergy increased significantly from 0.5% in Cohort A to 1.4% (P = 0.023) in Cohort B, with a subsequent fall to 1.2% in Cohort C (P = 0.850). Conclusions: Our data from three cohorts of 3- to 4-year-old children born in the same geographical area shows that peanut allergy prevalence has changed over time. Peanut sensitization and reported allergy in children born in 1994-1996 increased from 1989 but seems to have stabilized or slightly decreased since the late 1990s, although not significant.
Published: 2010

16. Original article: Prevalence and cumulative incidence of food hypersensitivity in the first 3 years of life

Author: Carina Venter, K. Voigt, B. Pereira, Taraneh Dean, Syed Hasan Arshad, Bernard Higgins, Jane Grundy, and C.B. Clayton
Subjects: Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Immunology, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, Food intolerance, Food allergy, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Cumulative incidence, Age of onset, business, Prospective cohort study, Cohort study
Abstract: Background: Prevalence and incidence of food hypersensitivity (FHS) and its trends in early childhood are unclear. Methods: A birth cohort born on the Isle of Wight (UK) between 2001 and 2002 was followed-up prospectively. Children were clinically examined and skin prick tested at set times and invited for food challenges when indicated. Results: Nine hundred and sixty-nine children were recruited and 92.9%, 88.5% and 91.9% of them respectively were assessed at 1, 2 and 3 years of age. Prevalence of sensitization to foods was 2.2%, 3.8% and 4.5% respectively at these ages. Cumulatively, 5.3% [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.9-7.1] children were sensitized to a food. Using open food challenge and a good clinical history, the cumulative incidence of FHS was 6.0% (58/969, 95% CI: 4.6-7.7). Based on double-blinded, placebo-controlled, food challenge (DBPCFC) and a good clinical history, the cumulative incidence was 5.0% (48/969, 95% CI: 3.7-6.5). There is no evidence to suggest that the incidence of FHS has increased, comparing these results with previous studies. Overall, 33.7% of parents reported a food-related problem and of these, 16.1% were diagnosed with FHS by open challenge and history and 12.9% by DBPCFC and history. Main foods implicated were milk, egg and peanut. Conclusions: By the age of 3 years, 5-6% of children suffer from FHS based on food challenges and a good clinical history. There were large discrepancies between reported and diagnosed FHS. Comparing our data with a study performed in the USA more than 20 years ago, there were no significant differences in the cumulative incidence of FHS.
Published: 2007

17. Streamline topology in the near wake of a circular cylinder at moderate Reynolds numbers

Author: Kristine Niss, Morten Brøns, Lars K. Voigt, Bo Jakobsen, and Anders Villefrance Bisgaard
Subjects: Physics, Hopf bifurcation, Mechanical Engineering, Reynolds number, Saddle-node bifurcation, Condensed Matter Physics, Bifurcation diagram, Topology, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, symbols.namesake, Transcritical bifurcation, Bifurcation theory, Mechanics of Materials, symbols, Potential flow around a circular cylinder, Infinite-period bifurcation
Abstract: For the flow around a circular cylinder, the steady flow changes its topology at a Reynolds number around 6 where the flow separates and a symmetric double separation zone is created. At the bifurcation point, the flow topology is locally degenerate, and by a bifurcation analysis we find all possible streamline patterns which can occur as perturbations of this flow. We show that there is no a priori topological limitation from further assuming that the flow fulfils the steady Navier–Stokes equations or from assuming that a Hopf bifurcation occurs close to the degenerate flow.The steady flow around a circular cylinder experiences a Hopf bifurcation for a Reynolds number about 45–49. Assuming that this Reynolds number is so close to the value where the steady separation occurs that the flow here can be considered a perturbation of the degenerate flow, the topological bifurcation diagram will contain all possible instantaneous streamline patterns in the periodic regime right after the Hopf bifurcation. On the basis of the spatial and temporal symmetry associated with the circular cylinder and the structure of the topological bifurcation diagram, two periodic scenarios of instantaneous streamline patterns are conjectured. We confirm numerically the existence of these scenarios, and find that the first scenario exists only in a narrow range after the Hopf bifurcation whereas the second one persists through the entire range of Re where the flow can be considered two-dimensional. Our results corroborate previous experimental and computational results.
Published: 2007

18. Physicochemical Conditioning of Dredged Heavy Metal-Polluted Sediment in Suspension

Author: Christian Löser, K. Voigt, Heinz Seidel, and Andreas Zehnsdorf
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, Environmental Engineering, Sulfide, Environmental remediation, Environmental engineering, Sediment, Bioengineering, Redox, Anoxic waters, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Environmental chemistry, Nitrification, Sulfate, Aeration, Biotechnology
Abstract: The remediation of heavy metal-polluted aquatic sediment by solid-bed bioleaching requires a material well permeable to air and water. Freshly dredged sediment is nearly impermeable and needs previous conditioning to make it suitable for solid-bed leaching. This conditioning – in practice carried out by planting sediment packages with helophytes – comprises water removal by evapotranspiration, abiotic and microbial oxidation of sediment-borne reduced compounds, acidification, as well as structural changes improving the sediment permeability. The rate of this process seems to be limited by the transport of oxygen into the sediment bed. For a better understanding of the physicochemical processes occurring during conditioning, sediment oxidation was studied in a stirred suspension to minimize transport limitations. Freshly dredged, silty, anoxic, heavy metal-polluted sediment from the Weisse Elster River (Germany) was suspended in water and then continuously stirred and aerated at 20 °C. Aerobic conditions appeared within a few hours. The redox potential increased from – 400 to + 220 mV, at first very quickly and later more slowly. Sediment-borne inorganic sulfur compounds were oxidized to sulfate (S0 mainly within two days and sulfide within ten days), which reduced the pH from 7.2 to 5.9. A successive oxidation of FeS to Fe(II) sulfate, the oxidation of Fe(II) to Fe(III) followed by Fe(III) oxyhydrate formation caused the dissolved Fe to sharply increase and thereafter rapidly decrease. Ammonium was completely oxidized in a nitrification process to form nitrate, further decreasing the pH to 5.5. The acidification increased the solubility of Mn, Zn, Mg, Ca, and K. The increase in dissolved Mn rules out any oxidation of Mn(II) to Mn(IV) since Mn(IV) would have been insoluble under the prevailing pH and redox conditions. Sediment oxidation did not proceed in a well-defined, redox-potential-directed order, but individual (partly microbially) oxidation processes superimposed each other. Physicochemical conditioning of suspended sediment was completed after 20 days while conditioning in a solid bed would require months or even years. These different rates result from transport limitations in the solid bed. Sediment conditioning in a solid bed could therefore possibly be accelerated by prior sediment aeration.
Published: 2004

19. Plans for a new ECRH system at ASDEX upgrade

Author: K. K. Kirov, G. Dammertz, H. Zohm, D. Wagner, F. Ryter, W. Kasparek, V. Zapevalov, A. Litvak, M. Münich, Manfred Thumm, H. Hailer, G. Gantenbein, E.M. Tai, H. Schütz, S. A. Malygin, R. Wilhelm, A.A. Bogdashov, F. Leuterer, A. Kuftin, R. Heidinger, K. Koppenburg, G. A. Müller, F. Monaco, Gregory G. Denisov, K. Voigt, Th. Franke, and V. I. Kurbatov
Subjects: Physics, Atmospheric pressure, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Amplifier, Pulse duration, Torus, Fusion power, Power (physics), Nuclear physics, Optics, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, ASDEX Upgrade, Transmission (telecommunications), General Materials Science, business, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract: A new ECRH system is being constructed for ASDEX Upgrade with a total power of 4 MW, generated by four gyrotrons, and a pulse duration of 10 s. Particular features are the use of gyrotrons which can work at various frequencies in the range 104–140 GHz and correspondingly broad band transmission components. The transmission will be at normal air pressure, and at the torus we will have a tunable double disk vacuum window. A further aim is the installation of fast moveable mirrors for a feedback controlled localized power deposition.
Published: 2003

20. A fast and versatile scan unit for scanning probe microscopy

Author: Rudolf Reichelt, K. Voigt, D. Knebel, and Matthias Amrein
Subjects: Scanner, Materials science, business.industry, Bandwidth (signal processing), Natural frequency, USable, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Scanning probe microscopy, Optics, Perpendicular, Counter-scanning, business, Instrumentation, Excitation
Abstract: In scanning probe microscopy (SPM), the image acquisition time is usually very long because of the limited speed with which the scanning device can trace the topography of the specimen under feed-back control. This limitation is often brought about by the natural frequency of the scanner in the direction perpendicular to the sample plane that confines the usable bandwidth of the feed-back loop. In this paper, we present a piezo-ceramic scanner that provides a large scan range and at the same time allows for adjustment of the probe-to-sample distance faster by about one order of a magnitude than a conventional setup. This is achieved through the combination of a large single tube scanner that provides a high-scan range and a small piezo element for swift motion in the direction perpendicular to the sample plane. The natural frequency in this direction lies at about 275 kHz. We outline the design considerations to avoid disturbing excitation of the scanner through the fast piezo element.
Published: 1997

21. The family structure of the Mucorales: a synoptic revision based on comprehensive multigene-genealogies

Author: K, Hoffmann, J, Pawłowska, G, Walther, M, Wrzosek, G S, de Hoog, G L, Benny, P M, Kirk, and K, Voigt
Subjects: Mucorales, families, phylogeny, Research Article
Abstract: The Mucorales (Mucoromycotina) are one of the most ancient groups of fungi comprising ubiquitous, mostly saprotrophic organisms. The first comprehensive molecular studies 11 yr ago revealed the traditional classification scheme, mainly based on morphology, as highly artificial. Since then only single clades have been investigated in detail but a robust classification of the higher levels based on DNA data has not been published yet. Therefore we provide a classification based on a phylogenetic analysis of four molecular markers including the large and the small subunit of the ribosomal DNA, the partial actin gene and the partial gene for the translation elongation factor 1-alpha. The dataset comprises 201 isolates in 103 species and represents about one half of the currently accepted species in this order. Previous family concepts are reviewed and the family structure inferred from the multilocus phylogeny is introduced and discussed. Main differences between the current classification and preceding concepts affects the existing families Lichtheimiaceae and Cunninghamellaceae, as well as the genera Backusella and Lentamyces which recently obtained the status of families along with the Rhizopodaceae comprising Rhizopus, Sporodiniella and Syzygites. Compensatory base change analyses in the Lichtheimiaceae confirmed the lower level classification of Lichtheimia and Rhizomucor while genera such as Circinella or Syncephalastrum completely lacked compensatory base changes.
Published: 2012

22. Phylogenetic lineages in Entomophthoromycota

Author: A P, Gryganskyi, R A, Humber, M E, Smith, K, Hodge, B, Huang, K, Voigt, and R, Vilgalys
Subjects: Entomophthorales, Zoophthora, Conidiobolus, Entomophthoromycotina, Batkoa, Bayesian inference (BI), Entomophthora, Basidiobolus, maximum likelihood (ML), phylogeny, Research Article
Abstract: Entomophthoromycota is one of six major phylogenetic lineages among the former phylum Zygomycota. These early terrestrial fungi share evolutionarily ancestral characters such as coenocytic mycelium and gametangiogamy as a sexual process resulting in zygospore formation. Previous molecular studies have shown the monophyly of Entomophthoromycota, thus justifying raising the taxonomic status of these fungi to a phylum. Multi-gene phylogenies have identified five major lineages of Entomophthoromycota. In this review we provide a detailed discussion about the biology and taxonomy of these lineages: I) Basidiobolus (Basidiobolomycetes: Basidiobolaceae; primarily saprobic); II) Conidiobolus (Entomophthoromycetes, Ancylistaceae; several clades of saprobes and invertebrate pathogens), as well as three rapidly evolving entomopathogenic lineages in the family Entomophthoraceae centering around; III) Batkoa; IV) Entomophthora and allied genera; and V) the subfamily Erynioideae which includes Zoophthora and allied genera. Molecular phylogenic analysis has recently determined the relationships of several taxa that were previously unresolved based on morphology alone: Eryniopsis, Macrobiotophthora, Massospora, Strongwellsea and two as yet undescribed genera of Basidiobolaceae.
Published: 2012

23. A comprehensive molecular phylogeny of the Mortierellales (Mortierellomycotina) based on nuclear ribosomal DNA

Author: L, Wagner, B, Stielow, K, Hoffmann, T, Petkovits, T, Papp, C, Vágvölgyi, G S, de Hoog, G, Verkley, and K, Voigt
Subjects: internal transcribed spacer, Zygomycetes, taxonomic revision, Research Article, large subunit ribosomal DNA, Zygomycota
Abstract: The basal fungal order Mortierellales constitutes one of the largest orders in the basal lineages. This group consists of one family and six genera. Most species are saprobic soil inhabiting fungi with the ability of diverse biotransformations or the accumulation of unsaturated fatty acids, making them attractive for biotechnological applications. Only few studies exist aiming at the revelation of the evolutionary relationships of this interesting fungal group. This study includes the largest dataset of LSU and ITS sequences for more than 400 specimens containing 63 type or reference strains. Based on a LSU phylogram, fungal groups were defined and evaluated using ITS sequences and morphological features. Traditional morphology-based classification schemes were rejected, because the morphology of the Mortierellales seems to depend on culture conditions, a fact, which makes the identification of synapomorphic characters tedious. This study belongs to the most comprehensive molecular phylogenetic analyses for the Mortierellales up to date and reveals unresolved species and species complexes.
Published: 2012

24. Multiple system atrophy: natural history, MRI morphology, and dopamine receptor imaging with 123IBZM-SPECT

Author: Sybille Spieker, M Jauch, W. Müller-Schauenburg, Johannes Dichgans, Jörg B. Schulz, K Voigt, Dirk Petersen, and Thomas Klockgether
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, Pyrrolidines, Cerebellar Ataxia, Receptors, Dopamine, Iodine Radioisotopes, Central nervous system disease, Degenerative disease, Atrophy, stomatognathic system, parasitic diseases, mental disorders, Basal ganglia, medicine, Humans, Parkinson Disease, Secondary, Aged, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon, medicine.diagnostic_test, Cerebellar ataxia, business.industry, Parkinsonism, Brain, Magnetic resonance imaging, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Hyperintensity, nervous system diseases, Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists, Psychiatry and Mental health, nervous system, Benzamides, Female, Surgery, Neurology (clinical), Radiology, medicine.symptom, business, Research Article
Abstract: Sixteen patients with a clinical diagnosis of probable multiple system atrophy (MSA) were examined clinically by MRI and by 123I-iodobenzamide single photon emission computed tomography (IBZM-SPECT). The clinical records of another 16 patients were also analysed retrospectively. On the basis of their clinical presentation, patients were subdivided into those with prominent parkinsonism (MSA-P, n = 11) and those with prominent cerebellar ataxia (MSA-C, n = 21). Autonomic symptoms were present in all patients and preceded the onset of motor symptoms in 63% of patients. Calculated median lifetime and the median time to become wheelchair bound after onset of disease were significantly shorter for MSA-P than for MSA-C (lifetime: 4.0 v 9.1 years; wheelchair: 3.1 vs 5.0 years) suggesting a better prognosis for cerebellar patients. A significant loss of striatal dopamine receptors (below 2 SD threshold) was detected by IBZM-SPECT in 63% of the patients (56% below 2.5 SD threshold). There was no difference between patients with MSA-C and those with MSA-P in the proportion with significant receptor loss and the extent of dopamine receptor loss. Planimetric MRI evaluation showed cerebellar and brainstem atrophy in both groups. Atrophy was more pronounced in patients with MSA-C than in those with MSA-P. Pontocerebellar hyperintensities and putaminal hypointensities on T2 weighted MRI were found in both groups. Pontocerebellar signal abnormalities were more pronounced in MSA-C than in MSA-P, whereas the rating scores for area but not for intensity of putaminal abnormalities were higher in MSA-P. MRI and IBZM-SPECT provide in vivo evidence for combined basal ganglia and pontocerebellar involvement in almost all patients in this series.
Published: 1994

25. The technique of hasse diagrams applied on environmental online databanks

Author: B. Münzer, K. Voigt, and Rainer Brüggemann
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Theoretical computer science, Computer science, Generalization, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Diagram, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, General Medicine, General Chemistry, Pollution, Environmental Chemistry, Table (database), Graphics, Partially ordered set, Host (network)
Abstract: This methodological paper presents a graphical technique - instead of tables - representing whether an online databank belongs to a host or not. This technique is based on partially ordered sets (a generalization of the order-property) and Hasse diagrams. With help of this graphics, conclusions can be drawn which are otherwise hidden within the table. For example the diagram allows in a fast and efficient way to enumerate databases, which are members of the hosts STN and at the same time of DIMDI. There are actually only four databases.
Published: 1994

26. Fourth meeting of the European Neurological Society 25–29 June 1994 Barcelona, Spain

Author: H. Hattig, C. Delli Pizzi, M. C. Addonizio, Michelle Davis, A. R. Giovagnoli, L. Florensa, M. Roth, J. de Kruijk, Francisco Lacruz, Ph. Dewailly, A. Toygar, C. Avendano, P.P. De Deyn, J. F. Hurtevent, F. Lomeila, T. W. Wong, Gordon T. Plant, M. Bud, H. J. Willison, DH Miller, D. W. Langdon, R. Cioni, J. Servan, A. Kaygisiz, E. Racadot, D. B. Schens, E. Picciola, L. Falip, C. Bouchard, J. Jotova, A. Jorge-Santamaria, P. Misra, A. Dufour, C. P. Panagopoulos, A. Venneri, B. Sredni, B. Angelard, M. Janelidze, M. Carreno, J. Obenberger, J. Pouget, H. W. Moser, R. Kaufmann, J. A. Molina, D. Linden, A. Martin Urda, E. Uvestad, A. Krone, J. P. Cochin, J. Mallecourt, A. Cambon-Thomsen, K. Violleau, P. Osschmann, A. M. Durocher, E. Bussaglia, D. M. Danielle, H. Efendi, C. Van Broeckhoven, K. G. Jordan, W. Rautenberg, C. Iniguez, J. M. Delgado, Graham Watson, M. Lawden, Gareth J. Barker, K. Stiasny, James T. Becker, G. Campanella, E. Peghi, A. Poli, A. Haddad, T. Yamawaki, Giacomo P. Comi, S. Sotgiu, B. Ersmark, A. Pomes, M. Ziegler, P. Ferrante, P. Ruppi, H. KuÇukoglu, R. Bouton, U. K. Rinne, P. Vieregge, M. Dary, P. Giunti, Peter J. Goadsby, S. Jung, E. Secor, A. Steinberg, N. Vila, M. A. Hernandez, M. Cursi, A. Enqelhardt, A. Engelhardt, J. Veitch, F. Di Silverio, F. Arnaud, B. Neundörfer, R. Brucher, Dominique Caparros-Lefebvre, B. Meyer, Marianne Dieterich, M. H. Snidaro, R. Gomez, R. Cerbo, M. Ragno, J. M. Vance, S. Nemni, A. Caliskan, F. Barros, I. Velcheva, D. Ceballos-Baumann, V. Barak, A. Avila, N. Antonova, F. Resche, S. Pappata, L. Varela, S. R. Silveira Santos, A. Cammarota, L. Naccache, Y. Nara, E. Tournier-Lasserves, R. Mobner, T. Chase, A. Ensenyat, J. Ulrich, G. Giegerich, M. Rother, M. Revilla, N. Nitschke, K. Honczarenko, E. Basart Tarrats, J. Blin, B. Jacob, J. Santamaria, S. Knezevic, J. L. Castillo, M. Antem, J. Colomer, O. Busse, Didier Hannequin, S. Carrier, J. B. Ruidavets, C. Rozman, J. Bogoussslavsky, J. Pascual Calvet, E. Monros, J. M. Polo, M. Zucconl, Javier Muruzabal, R. R. Allen, R. Rivolta, K. Haugaard, A. Nespolo, K. Hoang-Xuang, G. Bussone, T. Avramidis, E. Corsini, Christiana Franke, T. Vinogradova, H. Boot, K. Vestergaard, G. H. Jansen, N. Argentino, M. Raltzig, W. Linssen, Mark B. Pepys, P. Roblot, L. Lauritzen, E. Fainardi, D. Morin, T. X. Arbizu Urdiain, J. Wollenhaupt, S. Bostantjopoulou, G. Pavesi, A. D. Forman, Giovanni Fabbrini, D. Jean, J. J. Archelos, M. I. Blanchs, M. Del Gobbo, Anna Carla Turconi, Ch. Derouesné, Elio Scarpini, A. Visbeck, P. Castejon, J. P. Renou, F. Mounier-Vehier, G. Potagas, Ch. Duyckaerts, A. Filla, R. Schneider, G. Ronen, K. Nagata, J. P. Vedel, A. Henneberg, G. van Melle, C. Baratti, H. Knott, M. C. Prevett, A. Bes, B. Metin, Jos V. Reempts, L. Martorell, Mefkure Eraksoy, H. O. Handwerker, D. S. Younger, O. Oktem, D. Frongillo, C. Soriano-Soriano, L. Niehaus, F. Zipp, A. Tartaro, S Newman, R. H. Browne, P. Davous, R. Sanchez, M. Muros, M. E. Kornhuber, A. Lavarone, M. Mohr, M. R. Garcia, S. Russell, H. Kellar-Wood, M. R. Tola, B. Ostermeyer, Ch. Tzekov, K. Sartor, E. B. Ringelstein, P. P. Gazzaniga, Paul Krack, H. Fidaner, H. Rico, T. Dbaiss, F. Alameda, E. Torchiana, L. Rumbach, I. Charques, J. M. Bogaard, C. D. Frith, L. J. Rappelle, R. Brenner, A. Joutel, K. Fuxe, G. HÄcker, M. J. Blaser, J. Valls-SolÇ, G. Ulm, M. Alberdi, A. Bock, F. W. Bertelsmann, U. Wieshmann, J. Visa, J. R. Lupski, D. D'Amico, L. M. P. Ramos, A. A. Vanderbark, R. Horn, M. Warmuth, Dietmar Kühne, Mark S. Palmer, C. Ehrenheim, E. Canga, S. Viola, O. Scarpino, P. Naldi, R. Almeida, A. A. Raymond, J. Gamez, Stephan Arnold, A. DiGiovanni, J. Dalmau, C. C. Chari, H. F. Beer, J. C. Koetsier, J. Iriarte, E. Yunis, J. Casadevall, E. Le Guern, E. Stenager, S. R. Benbadis, J. M. Warter, F. Burklin, I. Theodorou, L. Johannesen, G. A. Graveland, X. Leclerc, I. Vecchio, L. Ozelius, G. Nicoletti, R. K. Gherardi, E. Esperet, M. L. Delodovici, F. Cattin, F. Paiau, Giorgio Sacilotto, C. A. J. Broere, D. Chavdarov, J. P. Willmer, C. H. Hawkes, Th. Naegele, E. Ellie, E. Dartigues, M. J. Guardiola, S. Hesse, Z. Levic, Marco Rovaris, P. Saugeir-Veber, B. A. Yaqub, H. F. Durwen, R. Larumbe, J. Ballabrina, M. Sendtner, J. Röther, M. Horstink, C. Kluglein, M.P. Montesi, H. Apaydin, J. Montoya, E. Waubant, Ch. Verellen-Dunoulin, A. Nicolai, J. Lopez-Delval, R. Lemon, G. Cantinho, E. Granieri, A. Zeviani, Wolfgang H. Oertel, U. Ficola, V. Di Piero, V. Fragola, K. Sabev, M. V. Guitera, I. Turki, F. Bolgert, P. Ingrand, J. M. Gobernado, L. M. E. Grimaldi, S. Baybas, B. Eymard, Y. Rolland, Y. Robitaille, Ta. Pampols, P. J. Koehler, A. Carroacedo, J. Vilchez, S. Di Vittorio, I. R. Rise, T. Nagy, M. Kuffner, E. Palazzini, A. Ott, J. Pruim, T. X. Arbizu, E. Manetti, C. Cervera, S. Felber, G. Gursoy, J. Scholz, G. A. Buscaino, M. S. Chen, A. Pascual, J. Hazan, J. U. Gajda, J. G. Cea, G. Bottini, G. Damalik, F. Le Doze, G. Bonaldi, J. M. Hew, C. Messina, A. M. Kennedy, J. M. Carney, N. M. F. Murray, M. Parent, M. Koepp, V. Dimova, D. De Leo, K. Jellinger, G. Salemi, S. Mientus, M. L. Hansen, F. Mazzucchelli, J. Vieth, M. Mauri, E. Bartels, L. Johannsen, C. Humphreys, J. Emile, D. N. Landon, E. Kansu, R. Sanchez-Pernaute, Rsj Frackowiak, M. Gonzalez Torres, L. Oller, C. Machedo, J. Kother, M. Billiard, H. Durak, T. Schindler, A. Frank, A. Uncini, A. Sbriccoli, C. Farinas, D. W. Paty, N. Fast, A. T. Zangaladze, A. Kerkhofs, J. M. Pino Garcia, I. De la Fuente, B. Marini, L. Gomez, I. Rubio, Alessandra Bardoni, C. Brodie, P. Acin, U. Sliwka, S. A. Hawkins, S. Tardieu, F. Vitullo, J. M. Pereira Monteino, R. Gagliardi, T. Jezewski, A. Cano, T. Lempert, F. Abad Alegria, G. Rotondo, D. Ince, C. Martinez Parra, Y. Huang, H. Luders, Y. Steinvil, F. G. A. Van Der Meche, R. Bianchi, A. Sanchez, T. Sevilla, J. M. Ketelslegers, A. Domzal-Stryga, M. Pandolfo, M. O. Josse, K. W. Neff, I. Blanco, G. W. Bruyn, O. W. Witte, J. L. Thibault, G. Andersen, J. Pariset, A. Marcone, R. J. M. Lane, A. Hofman, M. Verin, T. Matilla, P. Bedoucha, J. Roche, M. Lai, M. Collard, A. Ugarte, F. Gallecho, D. Silbersweig, C. Kennard, J. P. Azulay, T. W. Ho, P. L. I. Dellemijn, R. Girardello, F. Baas, B. Voss, F. Rozenberg, E. M. Brocker, V. Stanev, A. A. J. Soeterboek, A. Marra, A. Rey, E. Ertem, M. Sawradewicz-Rybak, J. De Keyser, P. Cavallari, F. Proust, Y. Chevalier, H. C. Hansen, D. Leys, C. A. Davie, K. Hoang-Xuan, C. Bairati, H. van Crevel, Thomas T. Warner, B. Bompais, A. Dobbeleir, T Campbell, C. Macko, C. J. M. Klijn, M. Dussallant, T. P. Berlit, W. Rozenbaum, M. J. van den Bent, W. A. Rocca, M. Muller, H. Hundemer, U. Zifko, M. Campera, F. Drislane, D. Ranoux, T. M. Kloss, Anil Kumar, I. Ruolt, C. Bargnani, B. Marescau, N. A. Losseff, S. Notermans, B. Kint, E. T. Burke, C. Aykut, J. Matias Guiu, P. Maquet, T. Drogendijk, M. Leone, K. von Ammon, M. Pepeliarska, C. Prados, L. DiGiamberardino, T. Logtenberg, G. Lenoir, I. Castaldo, Damhaut, M. Radionova, G. Sirabian, R. Navon, Giovanni Antonini, K. Al Moutaery, E. Chamas, R. Schönhuber, M. Giannini, B. Debilly, I. Labatut, H. Henon, J. A. Egido, M. Baudrimont, J. N. Lorenzo, J. E. C. Bromberg, R. Antonacci, J. J. Vilchez, T. Moulin, B. Rautenstrauss, Giovanni Meola, J. Noth, S Mammi, P. Laforet, F. Lopez, C. Gehring, S. Bort, G. Rancurel, D. Decamps, S. Kostadinova, Y. Shapira, B. Neundoerfer, D. Chavrot, M. Solimena, J. P. Salier, W. Deberdt, R. Hoff-Jörgensen, A. Messina, S. Meairs, G. Rosoklija, E. Nelis, I. Bertran, C. Ertekin, J. Lohmeyer, Mitermayer Galvao dos Reis, L. Calo, E. Maccagnano, A. P. Hays, J. Verlooy, M. G. Forno, T. Blanco, L. Bail, Gabriella Silvestri, J. Montero, F. Bertrand, R. T. Ghnassia, C. Besses, T. Sereghy, F. Shalit, G. Bogliun, S. Braghi, St. Baykouchev, C. Franke, A. Lasa, L. C. Archard, J. Kriebel, S. Shaunak, M. Nocito, Alexander Tsiskaridze, E. Manfredini, T. Seigal, David G. Gadian, M. Barlas, J. D. Degos, C. Seeber, J. Caemert, J. L. Mas, R. B. Pepinsky, M. G. D'Angelo, N. Baumann, S. Yorifuji, H. P. Endtz, M. A. Cassatella, R. A. C. Hughes, V. Golzi, A. Bittencourt, A. Ferreira, M. Sanson, C. Alper, M. Vermeulen, M. A. A. van Walderveen, E. Alexiou, C. H. Lucas, M. Fiorelli, Y. N. Debbink, R. Gil, S. Congia, T. Banerjee, J. M. Bouchard, A. N. Pinto, A. Ceballos-Baumann, G. Grollier, P. I. M. Schmitz, M. D. Catata, N. Lahat, N. S. Rao, P. Papathanasopoulos, J. Valls-Solé, D. Claus, G. Schroter, A. Castro, C. Videbaek, R. Martinez Dreke, A. D. Platts, M. Hermesl, A. C. PeÇanha-Martins, M. Cardoso Silva, P. Masnou, M. J. A. Tanner, Ch. Confavreux, B. Mishu, H. Rasmussen, L. Valenciano, Carlo Pozzilli, S. W. Li, V. Salzman, Y. Vashtang, Massimo Franceschi, M. Severo, G. Deuschl, S. Setien, G. Mariani, A. Protti, J. Castillo, M. J. B. Taphoorn, M. Frontali, I. Milonas, D. Decoq, J. A. Navarro, S. Castellvi-Pel, C. Ertikin, M. Urtasun, Y. Lajat, B. E. Kendall, E. Verdu, B. Gueguen, E. Boisen, R. Couderc, A Danek, JM Stevens, F. Nicoli, L. 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Brizioli, J. Calleja, L. Publio, M. Desi, R. Soffietti, P. Cortinovis-Tourniaire, E. F. Gonano, G. Cavaletti, S. Uselli, K. Westerlind, H. Betuel, C. O. Dhiver, H. Guggenheim, M. Hamon, R. Fazio, P. Lehikoinen, A. Esser, B. Sadzot, G. Fink, Angelo Antonini, D. Bendahan, V. Di Carlo, G. Galardi, A. F. Boller, M. Aksenova, Del Fiore, V. de la Sayette, H. Chabriat, A. Nicoletti, A. Dilouya, M. L. Harpin, E. Rouillet, J. Stam, A. Wolters, M. R. Delgado, Eduardo Tolosa, G. Said, A. J. Lees, L. Rinaldi, A. Schulze-Bonhage, MA Ron, C. Lefebvre, E. W. Radü, R. Alvarez, M. L. Bots, P. Reganati, S. Palazzi, A. Poggi, N. J. Scolding, V. Sazdovitch, T. Moreau, E. Maes, M. A. Estelies, P. Petkova, Jose-Felix Marti-Masso, G De La Meilleure, N. Mullatti, M. Rodegher, N. C. Notermans, T. A. T. Warner, S. Aktan, J. P. Louboutin, L. Volpe, C. Scheidt, W. Aust, C. M. Wiles, U. Schneider, S. K. Braekken, W. R. Willems, K. Usuku, Peter M. Rothwell, C. Talamon, M. L. Sacchetti, A. Codina, M. H. Marion, A. Santoro, J. Roda, A. Bordoni, D. J. Taylor, S. Ertas, H. H. Emmen, J. Vichez, V. BesanÇon, R. E. Passingham, M. L. Malosio, A. Vérier, M. Bamberg, A. W. Hansen, E. Mostacero, G. Gaudriault, Marie Vidailhet, B. Birebent, K. Strijckmans, F. Giannini, T. Kammer, I. Araujo, J. Nowicki, E. Nikolov, A. Hutzelmann, R. Gherardi, J. Verroust, L. Austoni, A. Scheller, A. Vazquez, S. Matheron, H. Holthausen, J. M. Gerard, M. Bataillard, S. Dethy, V. H. Patterson, V. Ivanez, N. P. Hirsch, F. Ozer, M. Sutter, C. Jacomet, M. Mora, Bruno Colombo, A. Sarropoulos, T. H. Papapetropoulos, M. Schwarz, D. S. Dinner, N. Acarin, B. Iandolo, J. O. Riis, P. R. J. Barnes, F. Taroni, J. Kazenwadel, L. Torre, A. Lugaresi, I. L. Henriques, S. Pauli, S. Alfonso, Pedro Quesada, A. S. T. Planting, J. M. Castilla, Thomas Gasser, M. Van der Linden, A. Alfaro, E. Nobile-Orazio, G. Popova, W. Vaalburg, F. G. A. van der Mech, L. Williams, F. Medina, J. P. Vernant, J. Yaouanq, B. Storch-Hagenlocher, A. Potemkowski, R. Riva, M. H. Mahagne, M. Ozturk, Ve. Drory, N. Konic, C. Jungreis, A. Pou Serradell, J. L. Gauvrit, G. J. Chelune, S. Hermandez, T. Dingus, L. Hewer, Ch. Koch, M. N. Metz-Lutz, G. Parlato, M. Sinaki, Charles Pierrot-Deseilligny, H. C. Diener, J. Broeckx, J. Weill-Fulazza, M. L. Villar, M. Rizzo, O. Ganslandt, C. Duran, N. A. Fletcher, G. Di Giovacchino, Susan T. Iannaccone, C. Kolig, N. Fabre, H. A. Crockard, Rita Bella, M. Tazir, E. Papagiannuli, K. Overgaard, Emma Ciafaloni, I. Lorenzetti, F. Viader, P. A. H. Millac, I. Montiel, L. H. Visser, M. Palomar, P. L. Murgia, H. Pedersen, Rafael Blesa, S. Seddigh, W. O. Renier, I. Lemahieu, H. M. L. Jansen, L. Rosin, J. Galofre, K. Mattos, M. Pondal, G. M. Hadjigeorgiou, D. Francis, L. Cantin, D. Stegeman, M. Rango, A. B. M. F. Karim, S. Schraff, B. Castellotti, I. Iriarte, E. Laborde, T. J. Tjan, R. Mutani, D. Toni, B. Bergaasco, J. G. Young, C. Klotzsch, A. Zincone, X. Ducrocq, M. Uchuya, O. J. Kolar, A. Quattrone, T. Bauermann, Nereo Bresolin, J. Vallée, B. C. Jacobs, A. Campos, Werner Poewe, J. A. Villanueva, A. W. Kornhuber, A. Malafosse, E. Diez-Tejedor, G. Jungreia, M. J. A. Puchner, A. Komiyama, O. Saribas, V. Volpini, L. Geremia, S. Bressi, A. Nibbio, Timothy E. Bates, T. z. Tzonev, E. Ideman, G. A. Damlacik, G. Martino, G. Crepaldi, T. Martino, Kjell Någren, E. Idiman, D. Samuel, J. M. Perez Trullen, Y. van der Graaf, J. O. Thorell, M. J. M. Dupuis, E. Sieber, R. D'Alessandro, C. Cazzaniga, J. Faiss, A. Tanguy, A. Schick, I. Hoksergen, A. Cardozo, R. Shakarishvili, G. K. Wennlng, J. L. Marti-Vilalta, J. Weissenbach, I. L. Simone, Amalia C. Bruni, Darius J. Adams, C. Weiller, A. Pietrangeli, F. Croria, C. Vigo-Pelfrey, Patricia Limousin, A. Ducros, G. Conti, O. Lindvall, E. Richter, M. Zuffi, A. Nappo, T. Riise, J. Wijdenes, M. J. Fernandez, J. Rosell, P. Vermersh, S. Servidei, M. S. C. Verdugo, F. Gouttiere, W. Solbach, M. Malbezin, I. S. Watanabe, A. Tumac, W. I. McDonald, D. A. Butterfield, P. P. Costa, F. deRino, F. Bamonti, J. M. Cesar, C. H. Lahoz, I. Mosely, M. Starck, M. H. Lemaitre, K. M. Stephan, S. Tex, R. Bokonjic, I. Mollee, L. Pastena, M. Gutierrez, F. Boiler, M. C. Martinez-Para, M. Velicogna, O. Obuz, A. Grinspan, M. Guarino, L. M. Cartier, E. Ruiz, D. Gambi, S. Messina, M. Villa, Michael G. Hanna, J. Valk, Leone Pascual, M. Clanet, Z. Argov, B. Ryniewicz, E. Magni, B. Berlanga, K. S. Wong, C. Gellera, C. Prevost, F. Gonzalez-Huix, R. Petraroli, J. E. G. Benedikz, I. Kojder, C. Bommelaer, L. Perusse, M. R. Bangioanni, Guy M. McKhann, A. Molina, C. Fresquet, E. Sindern, Florence Pasquier, M. J. Rosas, M. Altieri, O. Simoncini, M. Koutroumanidis, C. A. F. Tulleken, M. Dary-Auriol, S. Oueslati, H. Kruyer, I. Nishisho, C. R. Horning, A. Vital, G. V. Czettritz, J. Ph. Neau, B. Mihout, A. Ameri, M. Francis, S. Quasthoff, D. Taussig, S. Blunt, P. Valentin, C. Y. Gao, O. Heinzlef, H. d'Allens, C. Coudero, M. Erfas, G. Borghero, P. J. Modrego Pardo, M. C. Patrosso, N. L. Gershfeld, P. A. J. M. Boon, O. Sabouraud, M. Lara, J. Svennevig, G. L. Lenzi, A. Barrio, H. Villaroya, JosÇ M. Manubens, O. Boespflug-Tanguy, M. Carreras, D. A. Costiga, J. P. Breux, S. Lynn, C. Oliveras Ley, A. G. Herbaut, J. Nos, C. Tornali, Y. A. Hekster, J. L. Chopard, J. M. Manubens, P. Chemouilli, A. Jovicic, F. Dworzak, S. Smirne, S. E. Soudain, B. Gallano, D. Lubach, G. Masullo, G. Izquierdo, A. Pascual Leone Pascual, A. Sessa, V. Freitas, O. Crambes, L. Ouss, G. W. Van Dijk, P. Marchettini, P. Confalonieri, M. Donaghy, A. Munnich, M. Corbo, and M. E. L. van der Burg
Subjects: Neurology, business.industry, Media studies, Library science, Medicine, Neurology (clinical), business
Published: 1994

27. Coping-Training für Multiple Sklerose-Betroffene: erste Ergebnisse und Erfahrungen aus Sachsen

Author: A. Schima, S. Twork, J. Kugler, and K. Voigt
Subjects: Multiple Sklerose, Krankheitsbewältigung, ddc: 610, Neurology (clinical), psychoedukatives Training
Published: 2007

28. PCN38 THE IMPACT OF SCREENING ADHERENCE ON MEDICAL EFFECTIVENESS AND COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING IN GERMANY—A DECISION ANALYSIS

Author: Jutta Engel, Peter Hillemanns, B Gibis, Sue J. Goldie, Juergen Wasem, K Voigt, Pamela Aidelsburger, D Hölzel, Uwe Siebert, and Gaby Sroczynski
Subjects: Gynecology, medicine.medical_specialty, Cost effectiveness, business.industry, Family medicine, Health Policy, medicine, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Cervical cancer screening, business, Decision analysis
Published: 2004
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29. Age and sex do not affect cerebellar volume in humans

Author: A R, Luft, M, Skalej, D, Welte, K, Voigt, and T, Klockgether
Subjects: Adult, Male, Aging, Letter, Brain, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Sex Factors, Reference Values, Cerebellum, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Humans, Female, Atrophy, Aged
Published: 1997

30. The effect of the order of feeding oats and chopped alfalfa to horses on the rate of feed intake and chewing activity

Author: N Brüssow, K Voigt, I Vervuert, T Hollands, D Cuddeford, and M Coenen
Subjects: Equine
Published: 2005

31. Insulinaemic and glycaemic responses following chages in the order of feeding oats and chopped alfralfa to horses

Author: N Brüssow, K. Voigt, D Cuddeford, Ingrid Vervuert, M. Coenen, and T Hollands
Subjects: Agronomy, Equine, Order (business), Mathematics
Published: 2005

32. Functional MRI of the cerebellum during voluntary hand and foot movement with multislice EPI

Author: Wolfgang Grodd, K. Voigt, Hermann Ackermann, P. Britsch, and Uwe Klose
Subjects: Cerebellum, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, Movement (music), Cognitive Neuroscience, medicine, Multislice, Anatomy, Psychology, Foot (unit)
Published: 1996

33. MRI-based volumetric differentiation of sporadic cerebellar ataxia.

Author: K. Bürk, C. Globas, T. Wahl, U. Bühring, K. Dietz, C. Zühlke, A. Luft, J. B. Schulz, K. Voigt, and J. Dichgans
Published: 2004
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34. Book reviews

Author: Kenneth L. Reed, Garth K. Voigt, Robert W. Rycroft, and S. I. Schwartz
Subjects: Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, Pollution
Published: 1978

35. Biochemical weathering of calcium-bearing minerals by rhizosphere micro-organisms, and its influence on calcium accumulation in trees

Author: G. K. Voigt and Togwell A. Jackson
Subjects: Rhizosphere, education.field_of_study, Population, Soil Science, chemistry.chemical_element, Plant physiology, Weathering, Plant Science, Biology, Calcium, biology.organism_classification, complex mixtures, chemistry, Symbiosis, Botany, Composition (visual arts), education, Bacteria
Abstract: The rhizosphere microflora of redcedar was found to have a higher percentage of calcium silicate-solubilizing rhizosphere bacteria than the rhizosphere microflora of white pine of similar age growing in the same locality under identical conditions. Though the species composition of the silicatesolubilizing microbial population varied considerably from winter to spring, the redcedar roots had more silicate-solubilizers than the white pine roots inboth seasons. Since redcedar is known to have a higher calcium content than white pine, these results indicate that calcium accumulation by redcedar and white pine is strongly influenced by the rate at which calcium is released from soil minerals by the weathering action of the trees' rhizosphere micro-organisms. A symbiotic relationship between the trees and the microflora is suggested.
Published: 1971

36. Biological weathering of silicate minerals

Author: G. K. Voigt and James R. Boyle
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, Mineral, biology, Potassium, Aspergillus niger, Inorganic chemistry, Soil Science, chemistry.chemical_element, Weathering, Plant Science, Root system, engineering.material, biology.organism_classification, chemistry, Environmental chemistry, Silicate minerals, engineering, Biotite, Organic acid
Abstract: The abilities of biological systems to mobilize potassium from crystal lattices of primary silicate minerals were investigated. Root systems of pine seedlings grown in laboratory cultures and cultures of Aspergillus niger and mixed populations of soil micro-organisms were able to alter biotite mineral particles and cause release of potassium and other ions from mineral lattices. Mineral alterations by the microbial systems used are similar to alterations caused by oxalic, citric and other organic acids. The significance of the weathering processes observed is considered in relation to forest tree nutrition and soil formation
Published: 1973

37. Effect of Salt Concentration on Growth of Red Mangrove in Culture

Author: Garth K. Voigt and William Louis Stern
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, Chemistry, Salt (chemistry), biology.organism_classification, Horticulture, Soil water, Botany, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Seawater, Soil solution, Mangrove, Rhizophora mangle, General Environmental Science
Abstract: 1. Seedlings of red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) were collected in Florida and shipped to New Haven, Connecticut, where they were grown for 5 months in greenhouse cultures with different salt concentrations ranging from a dilute soil solution to salt concentrations approximating those found in soils under the influence of sea water. 2. In all cases, application of salts increased drymatter production. This effect is especially pronounced at the salt concentration approximating that of sea water. 3. It is concluded that the early development of mangrove seedlings is favored by a high salt concentration.
Published: 1959

38. Seasonal Variation in Toxicity of Ailanthus Leaves to Pine Seedlings

Author: Garth K. Voigt and Francois Mergen
Subjects: biology, fungi, food and beverages, Sterilization (microbiology), Seasonality, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, complex mixtures, Horticulture, Ailanthus, Botany, Toxicity, medicine, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Slash Pine, General Environmental Science
Abstract: 1. Aqueous extracts of Ailanthus leaves collected during June, July, and October were applied to slash pine and Monterey pine seed and seedlings. A decrease in toxicity was observed in the October collection. 2. Sterilization of the soil had no effect on the survival of transplanted seedlings, but when seeds were planted in sterilized soil and watered with Ailanthus extract, a detrimental effect was observed. 3. The addition of Ailanthus leaves to the soil did not inhibit the activity of soil organisms as measured by the production of CO2.
Published: 1962

39. Bestimmung und Nachweis von Zink und Kadmium

Author: S. Kragen, V. Hassreidter, J. M. Taylor, G. Huldschinsky, F. O. Amon, S. Zublena, A. Rosenheim, K. Voigt, H. Schilling, J. W. Springer, J. Ericson, R. Salvadorj, R. E. Lee, W. Cooper, T. K. Rose, and R. H. Uhlinger
Subjects: Chemistry, Environmental chemistry, Clinical Biochemistry, General Materials Science, General Medicine, Analytical Chemistry
Abstract: n/a
Published: 1919

40. THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT TISSUE PRETREATMENTS ON THE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF EXPRESSED PLANT SAP

Author: G. K. Voigt
Subjects: Sucrose, Moisture, Physiology, Plant Science, Total dissolved solids, Freezing point, Degree (temperature), chemistry.chemical_compound, Horticulture, Brief Papers, chemistry, Volume (thermodynamics), Botany, Genetics, Freezing-point depression, Muffle furnace
Abstract: The information accumulated by plant physiologists reveals more and more clearly the importance of the physico-chemical properties of plant sap in the metabolic activities and resistance of plants to adverse environmental factors. Although pretreatment of plant tissue has received the attention of several workers (4, 7, 11, 12), no systematic comparison of the methods employed has been made in regard to coniferous needles. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of different expression pressures, various methods of tissue pretreatment and time of sampling on the yield and physico-chemical properties of plant sap expressed from coniferous foliage. Needles from the current season's growth were collected in June from a plantation of 15-year-old red pines, Pinus resinosa Ait. Most of the samples were sealed in air-tight plastic bags, frozen with solid C02, and taken to the laboratory for analysis. The sap was expressed by means of the Carver Laboratory hydraulic press and cage equipment. In most cases, a pressure on the tissue of 2,080 lbs. was used. This procedure removed about 60% of the total moisture from the tissue. The expressed sap was subjected to centrifuging for 10 minutes at approximately 1000 times gravity, but no solid material was separated and subsequently centrifuging was abandoned. The volume of the expressed sap was recorded and the freezing point depression, conductance, and content of total solids were determined in as short a time as possible. The sap was frozen and stored in a freezer at 5° C for further analysis. The freezing point depression was obtained by means of the DruckerBurian cryoscopic apparatus (5). The cell sap was undercooled one degree before being seeded with an ice crystal. The observed freezing point was corrected by using the formula and table of HARRIS and GORTNER (10). The electrical resistance was determined by using a resistance bridge with a platinum conductance cell, manufactured by the Industrial Instrument Company. The temperature was controlled at 28° C by means of a water bath. The resistance of a sample of 10 ml. of sap was determined and converted to conductance (9). The total solid content of the sap was determined by the refractometer method of GORTNER and HOFFMAN (8). The refractive indices were converted to per cent. total solids by the International Scale of Refractive Indices of Sucrose Solutions, and temperature corrections were made by means of the International Correction Tables (1). The content of ash was determined by slowly evaporating 20 ml. of plant sap to dryness on an electric hot plate with subsequent heating in an electric muffle furnace at 4500 C for 12 hours. After weighing, the ash was dis
Published: 1952

41. Zu den Privilegien Benedikts III. und Nikolaus' I. für Corbie

Author: K. Voigt
Subjects: Cultural Studies, Linguistics and Language, History, Anthropology, Language and Linguistics
Abstract: n/a
Published: 1914

42. Über die Bestimmung des Zinks und die Analyse von Zinkerzen

Author: K. Voigt
Subjects: Chemistry, General Medicine
Abstract: n/a
Published: 1909

43. Zum Nachweis, zur Bestimmung und Trennung des Zinks

Author: W. Neumann, H. C. Bradley, A. Campo Cerdan, E. C. Sullivan, W. C. Taylor, G. Hattensaur, L. W. Mc Cay, R. W. Langley, H. Grossmann, B. Sch�ck, V. Komar, L W�hler, W. Pl�ddemann, P. W�hler, J. J. Fox, G. Bertrand, M. Javillier, F. F�rster, K. Jene, F. C. Frary, L. G. Kollock, E. F. Smith, T. S. Price, G. H. B. Judge, P. Truchot, A. Hollard, L. Bertiaux, null Blankenberg, F. Foerster, W. Treadwell, A. Fischer, H. Nissenson, E. Prost, V. Hassreidter, M. Huybrechts, A. Deckers, null Koninck, W. H. Seaman, W. H. Keen, P. H. Argall, F. Repiton, null Pouget, E. Rupp, A. Schiedt, A. R. Thornewell, W. G. Waring, G. C. Stone, K. Voigt, H. Bollenbach, E. Luchmann, J. A. Muller, H. Pommerenke, J. Tanibon, null Coppalle, and L. Koninck
Subjects: Chromatography, Chemistry, Biochemistry, Analytical Chemistry
Published: 1910

44. Contribución a la morfología, taxonomía y ecología de la fauna de Quilópodos de Andalucía (Sierra de Grazalema y Los Alcornocales), España

Author: K. Voigtländer and H. Reip
Subjects: scolopendromorpha, geophilomorpha, lithobiomorpha, morfología, taxonomía, ecología, andalucía, españa, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract: Con el fin de aumentar el conocimiento de la fauna de quilópodos de algunas regiones poco investigadas de España meridional, organizamos un viaje de recolección a Andalucía, dirigido a la Sierra de Grazalema y Los Alcornales. El resultado de colectas manuales y cribado en 21 localidades fue un total de 20 especies, 4 de las cuales son nuevas citas para Andalucía: Cryptops trisulcatus Brölemann, 1902; Algerophilus hispanicus (Meinert, 1870); Stigmatogaster superba (Meinert, 1870) y Henia vesuviana (Newport, 1845). Para cada especie se dan comentarios sobre su distribución general, morfología y ecología. Se discuten los problemas taxonómicos en relación con las citas encontradas en la literatura.
Published: 2013
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45. Phosphorus Cycling in a Northern Hardwood Forest: Biological and Chemical Control

Author: F. H. Bormann, Tim Wood, and G. K. Voigt
Subjects: Hardwood forest, Multidisciplinary, chemistry, Ecology, Phosphorus, Environmental science, chemistry.chemical_element, Ecosystem, Phosphorus cycling, Chemical control
Abstract: Phosphorus is tightly conserved within the northern hardwood forest ecosystems at Hubbard Brook, New Hampshire. Detailed analyses of the soil system indicate that biological and geochemical processes, stratified within the profile, regulate phosphorus retention.
Published: 1984

46. Biotite Flakes: Alteration by Chemical and Biological Treatment

Author: James R. Boyle, G. K. Voigt, and B. L. Sawhney
Subjects: Multidisciplinary, Octahedron, Chemical engineering, Chemistry, engineering, Mineralogy, Mica, Vermiculite, engineering.material, Biotite, Amorphous solid, Matrix (geology), Ion
Abstract: Biotite alteration under acid conditions proceeds differently from the generally accepted pathway of transformation to vermiculite in which hydrated cations cause interlayer expansion, resulting in a dark-colored peripheral band on mica particles. Acid solutions of synthetic or biologic origin remove octahedral ions, leaving a fragile matrix of amorphous material.
Published: 1967

47. Barrier island forest ecosystem: role of meteorologic nutrient inputs

Author: Henry W. Art, Garth K. Voigt, George M. Woodwell, and F. Herbert Bormann
Subjects: Forest floor, Hydrology, Multidisciplinary, Nutrient, Barrier island, Ecology, Soil water, Forest ecology, Environmental science, Weathering, Ecosystem, Temperate rainforest
Abstract: The Sunken Forest, located on Fire Island, a barrier island in the Atlantic Ocean off Long Island, New York, is an ecosystem in which most of the basic cation input is in the form of salt spray. This meteorologic input is sufficient to compensate for the lack of certain nutrients in the highly weathered sandy soils. In other ecosystems these nutrients are generally supplied by weathering of soil particles. The compensatory effect of meteorologic input allows for primary production rates in the Sunken Forest similar to those of inland temperate forests.
Published: 1974

48. Cerebral blood volume alterations during fractional pneumoencephalography

Author: K Voigt and T Greitz
Subjects: Adult, CSF PRESSURE, Intracranial Pressure, medicine.medical_treatment, Central nervous system, Cerebrospinal fluid, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Pneumoencephalography, Communicating hydrocephalus, Cerebrospinal Fluid, Blood Volume, business.industry, Brain, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Cerebral blood volume, medicine.anatomical_structure, Blood pressure, Anesthesia, Concomitant, Cerebrovascular Circulation, business, circulatory and respiratory physiology
Abstract: Simultaneous and continuous measurements of the cerebral blood volume (CBV), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood pressure were carried out in six patients during fractional pneumoencephalography in order to examine intracranial volumetric interactions. Three patients (Group A) showed normal encephalographic findings, and in three patients (Group B) communicating hydrocephalus with convexity block was found encephalographically. In all patients the injection of air was followed by an immediate increase of CSF pressure and blood pressure and a concomitant decrease of CBV. The initial CSF pressure was invariably re-established within 3 to 3.5 min. During this time interval the CBV of the patients of Group B decreased significantly and 30 percent more than that of Group A. Furthermore, after restoration of the original CSF pressure, CBV returned to its initial level in all patients of Group A, whereas it remained unchanged or showed a further decrease in the patients of Group B. Removal of an amount of CSF corresponding to half of the amount of injected air was followed by a significant reactive hyperemic response in two normal patients. The intracranial volumetric alterations during fractional pneumoencephalography are discussed in detail with respect to the underlying physiologic mechanisms and are suggested as a model for acute and low pressure hydrocephalus.
Published: 1976

49. Nochmals meine 'Schnellmethode für Zinkbestimmung'

Author: K. Voigt
Subjects: General Medicine
Abstract: n/a
Published: 1913

50. Die Stabilität des Zelluloids

Author: K. Voigt
Subjects: General Medicine
Abstract: n/a
Published: 1905

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