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Dexmedetomidine can be used as an adjuvant in epidurals with local anesthetic sparing effects. Its use during nerve blocks results in reduced postoperative pain. Also, local infiltration of IV dexmedetomidine is associated with earlier discharge from PACU. Similarly, magnesium the blockade of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor and calcium channel has an important meaning to anesthesia. However, side effects could be cardiac or respiratory complications. Therefore, we compared the intrathecal dexmedetomidine and magnesium sulphate for post-operative analgesia requirement reduction in patients undergoing spinal anaesthesia and analysing hemodynamic changes. All three drugs (dexmedetomidine, magnesium sulphate and hyperbaric bupivacaine) proved to be haemodynamically stable as clinically significant bradycardia and hypotension were not observed in any of the groups. The incidences of side effects were negligible in all the three groups. In conclusion, although longer duration of effect can be obtained by the addition of either dexmedetomidine or magnesium to intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine, dexmedetomidine showed a significantly prolonged effect and a faster onset with fewer side effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]