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Noncompliance with drug therapy was suspected based on the results of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in two 3-and 4-year-old children with epilepsy. An analysis of the data for both children showed the serum concentration of the antiepileptic drugs estimated from individual parameters to deviate remarkably from those established based on population parameters, and that the difference between these values varied after each measurement.After a careful evaluation of patient compliance according to the results of TDM, it was revealed the dosage due to the fact that mother had not realized her inaccurate dosage while another mother admitted that she had reduced the dosage due to the fact that her child refused to take the drug. The time needed to correct the noncompliance after its discovery using TDM was 3 months in the case of inaccurate dosage, and 12 months in the case where the child had refused to take the drug, by means of compliance education and training given to the mothers once -a-month at the outpatient clinic.

The objectives of present. paper are to develop the estimation method for the hydrodynamic forces on very large floating structures in the vicinity of a breakwater and to clarify the characteristics of elastic response on the very large floating structures (VLFS).In the present paper. the source distribution method was applied to prediction of by hydrodynamic forces on VLFS and the elastic responses of VLFS were computed by model analysis. From the results of numerical calculation, the effects of breakwater on the elastic response of VLFS and the characteristics of elastic responses on the phase two model of VLFS were made clear.

Many papers describing the lunar base construction have been published previously. Lunar base has been considered to be a useful facility to conduct future scientific programs and to get new nuclear energy resource, namely 3He, for defending the environmental collapse on Earth and also to develop lunar resources such as oxygen and nitrogen for extending human activities in space more economically. The scale of the lunar base and the construction methods adopted are determined by the scenario of a lunar utilization program but constrained by the availability of the established space transportation technologies. As indicated in the scenarios described in papers regarding lunar base construction, the first steps of lunar missions are the investigation of lunar itself for conducting scientific research and for surveying the lunar base construction sites, the second steps are the outpost construction for conducting man-tended missions, for more precise scientific research and studying the lunar base construction methods, and third steps are the construction of a permanent base and the expansion of this lunar base for exploiting lunar resources. The missions within the first and second steps are all possible using the ferry (OTV) similar to the service and command modules of Apollo Spacecraft because all necessary weights to be landed on the lunar surface for these missions seem to be under the equivalent weight of the Apollo Lunar Lander. On the other hand, the permanent facilities constructed on the lunar surface in the third step requires larger quantities of construction materials to be transported from Earth, and a new ferry (advanced OTV) having higher transportation ability, at least above 6 times, compared with Apollo Service and Command Modules, are to be developed. The largest problems in the permament lunar base construction are related to the food production facilities, 30–40 m2 plant cultivation area per person are required for providing the nutrition requirement and the necessary electric power per person for producing high energy foods, such as wheat, rice and potato, are now estimated ranging from 30 to 40 kW. The extension program of crew numbers under the limitation of usable transportation capability anticipated at present and the construction scenarios, including the numbers of facilities to be constructed every year, are to be determined based upon the requirements of plant cultivation area and of electric power for producing necessary and sufficient foods in order to accelerate the feasibility studies of each subsystem to be installed in the permanent lunar base in future.

In this work the damage added on gate stack features after batch megasonic cleaning is identified and classified by SEM review. To understand if damaging is a random or a clustered process, damage clustering distributions are compared with a theoretical random distribution of damage sites. In the damaged areas, defect clusters are observed that we explain by the presence of so-called weak spots in the neighborhood of a damaging event. Only a limited influence of the megasonic cleaning settings was found on the damage-size distributions. This suggests that, for the cleaning conditions investigated in this work, the number of added defects varied with the amount of the damage events but the event strength remains the same.