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Objective : To evaluate the curative effect of Potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) laser and pingyangmycin injection for adult laryngeal hemangiomas (ALH). Methods : This was a retrospective study conducted on patients treated with either KTP laser or pingyangmycin injection to assess the efficacy of both treatment and compare the effects on different types of adult laryngeal hemangioma. Results : The ordinal logistic regression test showed the surgery methods had no effect on the therapeutic results. On the contrary, the shape of ALH and the interaction between surgical procedures and ALH shape affected the prognosis of the ALH. This meant that the shape of ALH might be a confounding factor affecting the therapeutic effect of ALH. Thus, the Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel test which is a stratification analysis was used to assess the interaction between surgical procedures and ALH shape. Then better results were achieved using the KTP laser for the plane and raised types of ALH. Conclusions : The selection of surgical procedures (the KTP laser or pingyangmycin injection approaches) affects the treatment of ALH. For plane and raised ALH, the KTP laser may be recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Complete subglottic stenosis is often managed with surgical resection. However, involvement of the high subglottis can limit candidacy for open resection, and there are few treatment options for these patients. We refined an endoscopic approach that evolved into a tracheal rendezvous technique with T-tube placement as an alternative to open surgical resection. Here, we present our series, technique, and outcomes. A retrospective review was performed to identify patients who underwent endoscopic management of complete high subglottic stenosis at the University of California San Diego. The surgical technique was initially a two-step staged procedure and was subsequently revised to a single-stage procedure with stenosis ablation, dilation, and insertion of a T-tube, which was completed in one day. Patients were seen at regular follow-up intervals for reassessment. Five patients were identified with complete stenosis not amenable to surgical resection. The average age of the cohort was 44.8 years. The etiology of stenosis in all patients was related to prolonged intubation and tracheostomy, and the average length of stenosis was 19.6 mm. Stenosis resection was accomplished via laser ablation and balloon dilation, and the average T-tube length was 50.3 mm. All patients were discharged on postoperative day one. Two patients developed airway crusting within the T-tube and required emergency department visits. Decannulation was attempted in three patients, although failed in two. Tracheal rendezvous is a safe and effective procedure for patients with grade IV subglottic stenosis. This provides a feasible endoscopic alternative to patients who are not candidates for open surgical resection, ye are motivated to have phonatory capacity.

Background: Verrucae are benign proliferations caused by human papillomavirus. Treatment is needed for pain, bleeding, contagiousness, and cosmetically. Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of KTP laser treatment in verrucae, as well as side effects and recurrence rates. Patients and Methods: Patients who had Verrucae vulgaris (V. vulgaris) and Verrucae plantaris (V. plantaris) previously treated with KTP laser were scanned for their eligibility. Twenty‐nine patients who met the inclusion criteria were included. There was complete recovery in 24 patients (82.8%) and partial recovery in two patients (6.9%). Three patients (10.3%) were unresponsive to treatment after six sessions (no recovery). Two patients had mild pain during the application, and 65.4% of the patients had complete cosmetic recovery at the 3rd month follow‐up. Results: As a result, we found that the standard KTP laser can be an effective option for both types of verrucae. Conclusions: We think KTP laser treatment can be preferred for verrucae treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of Potassium Titanium Phosphate (KTP) laser-activated irrigation solutions on intraradicular Enterococcus faecalis biofilms in invitro conditions by using a scanning electron microscope. Materials and Methods: 120 single-root, single canal permanent mandibular premolar human teeth were used. Sterilization and disinfection of the teeth were performed. E. faecalis biofilms were obtained after 4 weeks by re-inoculation procedures. Each group was divided into 6 groups consisting of 20 roots and root canal disinfection protocols were applied using irrigation solutions with 5.25% NaOCl, saline, super-oxidized water solution, 8ppm ozonated water, 2% CHX, 17% EDTA, all activated by KTP laser. It was smear-planted to a solid medium which split as before and after the disinfection applications for the aim of Counting Microorganism colonies from root canals and data were evaluated statistically. In this statistical evaluation one way ANOVA and Tukey tests were used. Before and after the irrigation procedures for presence and elimination of biofilm the root canals were processed for scanning electron microscopy and biofilm was examined on the standard images. Results: As a result of the statistical comparison performed among all groups, while NaOCl ensures the highest amount of elimination as a positive control group, the lowest amount of bacterial elimination was detected in the SF group that applied as the negative control group (P0,05), EDTA showed the lowest antibiofilm effect (P

Aesthetic medicine is a dynamically developing field of medicine. It has an impact not only on the improvement of the external appearance, but also on health and quality of life. Currently, vascular changes affect many patients and significantly diminish the condition of the skin. The development of modern laser therapy has contributed to the successful management of multiple skin conditions, among them vascular lesions. The aim of our study was to show the efficacy of repetitive 532 nm laser therapy in reducing vascular skin lesions located on the facial area. Observations were possible due to the implementation of System of Skin Analysis. We retrospectively analyzed the records of 120 patients (100 women and 20 men) using "VISIA" Skin Analysis System after 532 nm laser therapy. Treatment with the use of the 532 nm vascular laser turned out to be effective in reducing vascular changes in both women and men. The skin phototypes did not significantly affect the therapy efficacy. Neither the age of patients nor number of laser sessions affect therapy efficacy. 532 nm laser therapy is effective in reducing vascular skin lesions located in the face area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of the KTP 532 nm vascular laser in the treatment of erythema and telangiectasia caused by low temperature exposure - case report. A case report. The paper presents a case of effective treatment of frostbite vascular lesions in the face with the use of a 532nm KTP laser in a 55-year-old man with a long history of skin exposure to low temperatures. Aim. The aim of this study is to draw attention to the possibility of using laser therapy in the treatment of skin disorders that are a complication of exposure to low temperatures. In the article below, we present the reduction of vascular lesions of the facial skin during a series of laser treatments with the use of the 532nm laser, meeting the growing interest of patients and doctors in the use of laser therapy in the treatment of skin vascular lesions. Conclusions. The use of laser therapy with the KTP 532nm laser can be an important and effective element in the treatment of skin vascular lesions.

Branchial anomalies can present in the parapharyngeal space, creating unique challenges in management. Historically, this approach warranted an open approach, including transcervical, transparotid with total parotidectomy and retromandibular dissection, or transmandibular dissection with mandibulotomy. However, the advent of minimally invasive transoral techniques and laser resection have allowed for successful resection of masses in this anatomical region without an external approach. We illustrate these advancements with the case of a 30-year-old man with globus sensation and throat discomfort, found to have a mass of the right posterolateral oropharynx causing severe airway obstruction. Imaging showed a parapharyngeal mass with extension to the carotid sheath and retropharyngeal space, which was successfully resected with potassium-titanyl-phosphate (KTP) laser using a minimally invasive transoral approach with no major complications. Transoral excision offers decreased morbidity and a cosmetically favorable outcome compared to transcervical excision. KTP laser may be safely used for transoral excision of a benign parapharyngeal mass.

Background: Lymphangioma is a benign but locally aggressive tumor that most commonly presents in childhood, often developing in the head and neck and rarely in the larynx. We present a rare Case of an adult with isolated laryngeal lymphangioma managed with potassium titanium phosphate (KTP) laser excision. Case description: A 40-year-old male was evaluated for tracheostomy after extubation failure in the setting of cardiogenic shock. Fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing revealed a vascular-appearing glottic mass extending directly from the false vocal fold. Excision of the mass was performed using KTP laser with concomitant intraoperative decannulation. He has been monitored post-operatively with no signs of disease recurrence. Conclusions: Isolated laryngeal lymphangioma is extremely rare in adults. Historically, management has been aggressive, with early surgical resection with wide margins. This case report demonstrates an optimal treatment response to more conservative management using KTP laser, which was well suited for the mass given its vascularity and its location on the false vocal fold. Postoperative monitoring is crucial for patients with lymphangioma, given high risk of recurrence. Follow up with laryngoscopy has affirmed full recovery for this patient without any signs of recurrent or residual disease.

Introduction: Incidental papillomas of the pharynx can be found while examining the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and hypopharynx for other disorders of the head and neck. Purpose of the study is to explore the location, biopsy protocol, and decision to perform office-based versus operative management via potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) laser when an oropharyngeal papilloma is discovered incidentally. Methods: A retrospective review of the senior author's patient population was performed using Current Procedural Terminology and/or International Classification of Diseases codes to identify patients who had KTP laser removal of incidental oropharyngeal papillomas. Patients were included based on the incidental nature of the papilloma and confirmed pathology report of squamous papilloma. Demographics, presenting complaint, lesion location, pathological analysis, type of intervention, and outcomes were recorded. When available, human papillomavirus (HPV) subtype was noted. Results: A total of 26 cases were identified, 13 females and 13 males. The median age at time of surgery was 58 years (range: 21-77). The most common presenting symptoms were difficulty swallowing and throat pain. The most common locations were the base of tongue, uvula, tonsils, and the soft palate. Of the 26 patients, 23 patients received KTP laser ablation therapy as an office-based procedure, while the remaining 3 were performed under general anesthesia in the operating room. Only 5 patients had a recorded recurrence that required reoperation. There were no operative or postoperative complications. There were 16 biopsy samples tested for HPV, where 12 were negative for HPV and 4 were positive for HPV. Conclusion: Oropharyngeal papillomas, when present, can be found incidentally during examination of the oropharynx for other symptoms. Office-based biopsy and KTP laser is a safe and efficient means of identifying and removing most oropharyngeal papillomas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & objectives: Inferior turbinate hypertrophy (ITH) is a common condition causing nasal obstruction. This study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) laser and diode laser in the reduction of the turbinate size. Methods: This randomized controlled trial included 209 patients with ITH. Pre-operative symptoms were assessed based on the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) score. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy was done to rule out other nasal sinuses. Nasal mucociliary clearance was measured by saccharin transit time (STT). Postoperatively, the NOSE score, STT and complications were assessed at days one and two, at one week, one month and three months. Results: Of the 209 patients analyzed at day one, the median NOSE score was 50 in the diode group and 40 in the KTP group, and at three months, 15 in the diode group and five in the KTP group. KTP laser showed a 93 per cent improvement in the NOSE score as compared to 77 per cent improvement shown by diode laser group. Among the intra-operative complications, of the 104 patients in the diode group, 6.73 per cent had burning sensation and 91.43 per cent had bleeding, and of 105 patients in the KTP group, 54.29 per cent had burning sensation and 36.54 per cent had bleeding. Among the post-operative complications in the KTP group, 32 and 34 per cent had bloody nasal discharge on days one and two, compared to 12 and 14 per cent in diode group. Crusting was present in 61 and 49 per cent on days one and two in KTP group as compared to 9 and 15 per cent in diode group, respectively. In the KTP group 30 per cent had synechiae as compared to 10 per cent in diode group. Interpretation & conclusions: KTP laser was more efficacious than diode laser in improving the NOSE scores but with slightly increased rate of complications in early post-operative period. Both the lasers impaired the mucociliary clearance mechanism of the nose till three months of post-operative follow up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective:The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of different power settings of potassium-titanyl-phosphate (KTP) laser in experimentally infected root canals.Methods:A total of 119 freshly extracted human single-rooted teeth with mature apices were selected for study. After preparation and sterilization, the specimens were inoculated with 15 µL Enterococcus faecalis for 24 hours at 37°C. The contaminated roots were divided into five experimental groups (1W, 1.5W, 2W, 3W, and 4W KTP laser), one negative control [sodium hypoclorite (NaOCl)] group, and one positive control [sterile saline (SF)] group of 17 teeth each. Before and after applications in the groups, samples retrieved with sterile paper points from the root canal were transferred to tubes containing 5 mL of the brain heart infusion broth. Next, 10 μL of these suspensions were placed at two different sides of the blood agar medium. Bacterial reduction was counted according to the colony-forming units and data were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis and Tukey’s tests.Results:The maximum decrease occurred in the 2.5% NaOCl (100%±0.00%) group. This decrease was followed by decreases in the following KTP laser groups: 4W (94.26%), 3W (87.98%), 2W (77.43%), SF (68.80%), 1.5W (65.89%), and 1W (52.08%). Statistically, the difference between the 1W KTP laser group and all groups and the difference between the 2.5% NaOCl group and all groups, except the 4W KTP laser group, were found to be significant (p

Quantitative data regarding photothermal and damage processes during pulsed laser irradiation of blood are necessary to achieve a better understanding of laser treatment of cutaneous vascular lesions and improve numerical models. In this study, multiple experimental techniques were employed to quantify the effects of single-pulse KTP laser (λ = 532 nm, τp = 10 ms) irradiation of whole blood in vitro: high-speed temperature measurement with a thermal camera in line-scan mode (8 kHz); optical coherence tomography (for determination of coagulum morphology); and transmission measurement with a co-aligned laser beam (λ = 635 nm). Threshold radiant exposures for coagulation (4.4-5.0 J/cm2) and ablation (approximately J/cm2) were identified. Thermal camera measurements indicated threshold coagulation temperatures of 90-100 °C, and peak temperatures of up to 145 °C for sub-ablation radiant exposures. Significant changes in coagulum thickness and consistency, and a corresponding decrease in transmission, were observed with increasing radiant exposure. The Arrhenius equation was shown to produce accurate predictions of coagulation onset (using appropriate rate process coefficients). The significance of dynamic effects such as evaporative loss and dynamic changes in optical properties was indicated. Implications for numerical modeling are discussed. Most importantly, the threshold temperatures typically quoted in the literature for pulsed laser coagulation (60-70 °C) and ablation (100 °C) of blood do not match the results of this study.

The effects of cooling, laser irradiation, and laser irradiation with cooling on blood vessels were investigated with Color Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography (CDOCT). CDOCT may contribute to an understanding of the dynamics of laser-blood vessel interactions and aid in better optimization of laser parameters to be used. In this study, hamster dorsal skin flap window vessels were irradiated with a KTP laser operating at 532 nm. Irradiation sites were imaged with CDOCT prior to, during, immediately after, and several days after irradiation. KTP laser parameters were: radiant exposures in the range of 7-14 J/cm2, 3 mm spot size, and 10 ms pulse duration. Magnitude and color Doppler images provided information such as vessel size, depth, and changes in blood flow velocity. Vessel constriction, temporary occlusion, and changes in flow were frequent results of laser irradiation visualized with CDOCT. In addition, the effects of cooling alone were imaged with CDOCT and its effects on blood vessel flow and morphology were investigated before and after laser irradiation.

Quantitative data regarding photothermal and damage processes during pulsed laser irradiation of blood are necessary to achieve a better understanding of laser treatment of cutaneous vascular lesions and improve numerical models. In this study, multiple experimental techniques were employed to quantify the effects of single-pulse KTP laser (λ = 532 nm, τp = 10 ms) irradiation of whole blood in vitro: high-speed temperature measurement with a thermal camera in line-scan mode (8 kHz); optical coherence tomography (for determination of coagulum morphology); and transmission measurement with a co-aligned laser beam (λ = 635 nm). Threshold radiant exposures for coagulation (4.4-5.0 J/cm2) and ablation (approximately J/cm2) were identified. Thermal camera measurements indicated threshold coagulation temperatures of 90-100 °C, and peak temperatures of up to 145 °C for sub-ablation radiant exposures. Significant changes in coagulum thickness and consistency, and a corresponding decrease in transmission, were observed with increasing radiant exposure. The Arrhenius equation was shown to produce accurate predictions of coagulation onset (using appropriate rate process coefficients). The significance of dynamic effects such as evaporative loss and dynamic changes in optical properties was indicated. Implications for numerical modeling are discussed. Most importantly, the threshold temperatures typically quoted in the literature for pulsed laser coagulation (60-70 °C) and ablation (100 °C) of blood do not match the results of this study.

The effects of cooling, laser irradiation, and laser irradiation with cooling on blood vessels were investigated with Color Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography (CDOCT). CDOCT may contribute to an understanding of the dynamics of laser-blood vessel interactions and aid in better optimization of laser parameters to be used. In this study, hamster dorsal skin flap window vessels were irradiated with a KTP laser operating at 532 nm. Irradiation sites were imaged with CDOCT prior to, during, immediately after, and several days after irradiation. KTP laser parameters were: radiant exposures in the range of 7-14 J/cm2, 3 mm spot size, and 10 ms pulse duration. Magnitude and color Doppler images provided information such as vessel size, depth, and changes in blood flow velocity. Vessel constriction, temporary occlusion, and changes in flow were frequent results of laser irradiation visualized with CDOCT. In addition, the effects of cooling alone were imaged with CDOCT and its effects on blood vessel flow and morphology were investigated before and after laser irradiation.

AIM:To observe the effect of laser therapy combined with disposable lacrimal recanalization catheter(RS model)or dilating lacrimal drainage tube(nasolacrimal canal)for lacrimal duct obstruction in different parts. METHODS:Form January 2011 to December 2013 in our hospital, 548 patients(657 eyes)with lacrimal duct obstruction were selected. In these patients, 236 patients(298 eyes)with canalicular(or lacrimal duct)obstruction undergone KTP laser combined with RS model disposable lacrimal recanalization catheter; 312 patients(359 eyes)with nasolacrimal duct obstruction undergone KTP laser therapy combined with dilating lacrimal drainage tube. The irrigation of lacrimal passage was sustained. The ducts were removed at 3mo after operations. The condition of lacrimal passage irrigating and the self-reported epiphora at 3mo after tubes removed were taken as evaluating standard. RESULTS:There were 248 eyes with canalicular(or lacrimal duct)obstruction treated by KTP laser combined with RS duct cured, 33 eyes becoming better, 17 eyes ineffective; there were 301 eyes with nasolacrimal duct obstruction treated by KTP laser combined with dilating lacrimal drainage tube cured, 19 eyes becoming better, 39 eyes ineffective. The total efficiency rate was 91.5%.CONCLUSION:Patients with lacrimal passage obstruction should be treated with individualized therapy. Laser therapy combined with different silicone tube implantation for lacrimal duct obstruction in different parts is effective and can be used as the preferred method for patient with lacrimal passage obstruction in primary hospital.

To determinate if dental bleaching with KTP laser is a safe, effective and efficient technique. The use of KTP laser for dental bleaching was only investigated in combination with a high concentration of hydrogen peroxide (35%). The recommended protocol was: for the use of KTP laser at 3W power and an irradiation time of ten seconds, three to four cycles are needed. For a power of 1W and an irradiation time of thirty seconds the number of cycles is three with a maximum of four. Under these conditions KTP laser bleaching was considered not to alter surface morphology, to have no influence on enamel microhardness, to maintain the pulp temperature within normal values, to obtain lighter tooth color which can be maintained for months (no long term studies were conducted). Because the bleaching effect was obtained in a short period of time and maintained for months, KTP laser bleaching was considered an effective and efficient technique. Conclusion: KTP-assisted dental bleaching is a safe, effective and efficient technique when combined with high concentration of hydrogen peroxide.

Objective: The primary aim of this study was to define characteristics of transgender women seeking gender-affirming voice modification at our voice center. The secondary aim was to evaluate outcome measures, comparing (a) behavioral voice training alone, (b) surgery alone, and (c) combination of behavioral voice training+surgery., Methods: Patients seen in a 30-month period, who sought care for gender-affirming voice modification, were included if they were assigned male at birth and identified as female. Patient demographic information, patient quality of life index scores, Trans Woman Voice Questionnaire (TWVQ), and acoustic data were collected before and after intervention., Results: Sixteen patients met inclusion criteria. The majority of patients were (a) undergoing hormone replacement therapy at initiation of treatment, (b) were presenting in public for over 2 years as female, and (c) had a history of psychological disorders (i.e., gender dysphoria, anxiety, depression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD]). Increased f0 and decreased TWVQ scores were evident and statistically significant within behavioral voice training cohort and behavioral voice training+surgery cohort. Treatment groups appear similar with respect to average changes; pre- and post-data were not available for surgery only patients. Greater change in f0 was directly correlated with increased number of voice training sessions., Conclusion: There is variability in treatment course for patients seeking gender-affirming voice modification; however, treatment type may not impact outcomes. Increased patient quality of life and increased speaking fundamental frequency were found in this patient cohort., Competing Interests: No competing financial interests exist., (Copyright 2023, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers.)

Tracheal stenosis (TS), a challenging problem, is a known complication of prolonged intubation and tracheostomy. The management involves a multidisciplinary approach with multiple complex procedures. In this study we discuss our experience with severe TS with regards to patient characteristics, cause and management. A retrospective analysis of 20 patients of severe TS treated at a tertiary care centre was evaluated. Inclusion criteria were all patients with severe TS who required surgical intervention. Exclusion criteria were patients with associated laryngeal stenosis and TS due to cancer. Demographic data was recorded and findings relating to aetiology, characteristics of stenosis and the various aspects of therapeutic procedures performed are discussed with review of literature. Descriptive analysis of data were performed SPSS 18. Results of the 20 patients, 17 patients (85 %) developed TS post tracheostomy, or post intubation and subsequent tracheostomy. 13 Patients (65 %) had true stenosis of which 7 patients (35 %) had simple web or circumferential fibrosis and 6 patients (30 %) had complex stenosis. Seven patients (35 %) had granulations causing severe TS which were mostly suprastomal (5 patients), stomal (5 patients) and combined stomal and suprastomal (3 patients). The average length of stenosis was 3.57 cm (0.5-8 cm). Montgomery t tube insertion was a common procedure in 18 patients (90 %) pre or post intervention. Each patient underwent an average of 3.4 procedures during their course of treatment which included rigid bronchoscopy and mechanical debulking, Nd YAG laser, KTP laser, balloon dilatation and use of stents. Among the 7 patients with granulations 100 % successful decanulation was noted with endoscopic management whereas in 13 patients with true stenosis, 10 patients (76.9 %) required open surgical management (8 tracheal resection and anastomosis and 2 tracheoplasty) with 80 % successful decanulation, 2 patients (15.4 %) were treated with endoscopy with 100 % successful decanulation and 1 patient (7.7 %) was a non surgical candidate on stent. Of the total 20 patients with severe TS in this series, 17 (85 %) of patients who were decanulated, asymptomatic on routine daily activities with normal FFB were considered cured. TS is a challenging condition requiring a highly skilled multidisciplinary team for adequate management. Prolonged intubation and tracheostomy are the common causes leading to tracheal stenosis. Simple tracheal stenosis is easier to manage than a complex stenosis which usually requires an open surgical procedure for successful management. Presence of conditions like tracheoesophageal fistula and long segment tracheomalacia are poor factors for successful management. In our cases successful decanulation was possible in 85 % of the patients following a systematic multidisciplinary approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Adult laryngeal hemangioma is rare, and very few reports of such lesions restricted to the aryepiglottic fold have appeared in the medical literature. We report a hemangioma located over the left aryepiglottic fold in a 57-year-old man. This patient had experienced a lump-in-the-throat sensation for 1 year but complained of no other symptoms. On laryngoscopy, a lobulated dark-red mass was seen over the left aryepiglottic fold. A potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser excision was performed smoothly without complications. The 6-month postoperative follow-up showed good results with no recurrence. An adult supraglottic laryngeal hemangioma is rare and can be treated successfully with a KTP laser. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cricopharyngeal dysfunction is defined as the delayed or incomplete relaxation of the cricopharyngeal muscle during swallowing. This may cause dysphagia and aspiration, affecting the quality of life. For this condition, injection of botulinum toxin into the cricopharyngeus, dilatation of cricopharynx with bougies and external cricopharyngeal myotomy have been the treatment of choice with varying results. We present in this paper the treatment of this clinical condition by KTP 532 laser a recent advance in the field of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery. Very few series have been reported in literature so far regarding the use of laser for cricopharyngeal myotomy. This is perhaps the first series of eight cases of KTP laser assisted microendoscopic cricopharyngeal myotomy and web excision reporting the benefit of this treatment by an Indian author in an Indian Journal. KTP laser assisted cricopharyngeal myotomy avoids an external scar, aids precise incision at the cricopharynx by direct visualization, brings optimum results in deglutition and reduces postoperative morbidity and complications. The short hospital stay reduces the overall cost. The use of KTP 532 laser in the treatment of selected cases with cricopharyngeal dysfunction is therefore safe and effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) laser used during the laparoscopic anterior rectum slicing (LARS) operation. Design: Retrospective study. Setting: National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan. Patient(s): All 46 patients who underwent the LARS operation using the KTP laser. Intervention(s): The LARS operation using the KTP laser for treatment of deep rectal endometriosis. Main Outcome Measure(s): Operative and postoperative outcome. Result(s): Meaningful improvements in clinical symptoms were obtained with the LARS operation using the KTP laser with acceptable levels of postoperative morbidity. Bowel leakage did not occur in any of the patients. Conclusion(s): Deep rectal endometriosis can be treated effectively with the LARS operation using the KTP laser. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Background: Recently, photoangiolytic potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) laser treatment has been proposed as an alternative treatment for managing Reinke's edema. Unlike traditional methods that involve the physical removal of the lesion, the KTP laser causes lesion regression by disrupting the blood supply through targeting the oxyhemoglobin. Moreover, KTP could be used as an office-based procedure, indicating its advantage over other operating room surgical procedures, with lower cost and avoidance of the potential complications of microlaryngoscopy. Aim: The aim of this work is to conduct a systematic review on the effectiveness of the photoangiolytic KTP Laser as a surgical method for treatment of patients with Reinke's edema. Study Design: This was a systematic review. Methods: Two electronic databases of (PubMed and Cochrane Library) were searched for articles. Relevant studies were further evaluated and studies that met inclusion criteria were reviewed and included. Results: The literature search yielded 167 studies. 25 articles were further evaluated to be included. Three studies met all the inclusion criteria and were chosen for the review. The studies investigated the effectiveness of using Photoangiolytic KTP Laser in the management of Rienke's edema. Conclusion: The current systematic review suggested that photoangiolytic KTP Laser has not yet proven as an effective approach for treatment of Reinke's edema and furthermore studies are needed to assess its effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]