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2. Performance evaluation of an agent-based occupancy simulation model

Author

Luo, Xuan, Lam, Khee Poh, Chen, Yixing, and Hong, Tianzhen

Subjects
Built Environment and Design, Engineering, Civil Engineering, Architecture, Building, Occupancy simulation, Occupancy pattern, Model performance evaluation, Verification, Occupant presence and movement, Occupant behavior, Environmental Science and Management, Building & Construction, Built environment and design
Abstract

Occupancy is an important factor driving building performance. Static and homogeneous occupant schedules, commonly used in building performance simulation, contribute to issues such as performance gaps between simulated and measured energy use in buildings. Stochastic occupancy models have been recently developed and applied to better represent spatial and temporal diversity of occupants in buildings. However, there is very limited evaluation of the usability and accuracy of these models. This study used measured occupancy data from a real office building to evaluate the performance of an agent-based occupancy simulation model: the Occupancy Simulator. The occupancy patterns of various occupant types were first derived from the measured occupant schedule data using statistical analysis. Then the performance of the simulation model was evaluated and verified based on (1) whether the distribution of observed occupancy behavior patterns follows the theoretical ones included in the Occupancy Simulator, and (2) whether the simulator can reproduce a variety of occupancy patterns accurately. Results demonstrated the feasibility of applying the Occupancy Simulator to simulate a range of occupancy presence and movement behaviors for regular types of occupants in office buildings, and to generate stochastic occupant schedules at the room and individual occupant levels for building performance simulation. For future work, model validation is recommended, which includes collecting and using detailed interval occupancy data of all spaces in an office building to validate the simulated occupant schedules from the Occupancy Simulator.

Published
2017

12. Computer-Based Performance Simulation for Building Design and Evaluation: The Singapore Perspective

Author

Lam Khee Poh, Wong Nyuk Hien, and Henry Feriadi

Subjects
Engineering, business.industry, 020209 energy, Perspective (graphical), 0211 other engineering and technologies, Computer based, General Social Sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Building design, Computer Science Applications, Engineering management, 021105 building & construction, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Systems engineering, business
Abstract

This article provides an overview of the usage of performance-based simulation tools for building design and evaluation in Singapore based on an extensive industry survey. It highlights the status and difficulties encountered in the usage and the needs of the industry for such tools. Recommendations are also given to promote the pervasive use of such simulation tools.

Published
2003

13. Advanced lighting simulation in architectural design in the tropics

Author

Wu Wei, Edward Ng, Takehiko Nagakura, and Lam Khee Poh

Subjects
Computer science, Architectural design, Building and Construction, computer.software_genre, Reflectivity, Daylighting design, Overcast sky, Control and Systems Engineering, Radiance, Computer Aided Design, Daylight, Louver, computer, Simulation, Civil and Structural Engineering, Remote sensing
Abstract

This paper outlines a 2-year research program that the team attempted to apply one of the most powerful computational lighting simulation softwares, radiance, to assist in the daylighting design of an actual building in the tropics. The validation studies, which were carried out in the Asian Civilisation Museum (ACM) in Singapore, showed that radiance can be used to predict the internal illuminance with a high degree of accuracy under overcast sky conditions. The experimental application of radiance to daylighting investigation of the ACM further supports its capabilities as well as its accuracy. Using radiance to study two daylighting control options (curtains and louvers), it can be found that louvers are more effective than curtains as daylighting control devices, and that the angle of the louvers have more effect than their reflectance on daylight penetration and distribution.

Published
2001

14. The domain layer for mixed-initiative interaction in generative design

Author

Akin, Omer, Krishnamurti, Ramesh, Lam, Khee Poh, Datta, Sambit, Woodbury, R., Akin, Omer, Krishnamurti, Ramesh, Lam, Khee Poh, Datta, Sambit, and Woodbury, R.

Abstract

The design space exploration formalism has developed data structures and algorithms of sufficient complexity and scope to support conceptual layout, massing, and enclosure configurations. However, design remains a human enterprise. To support the user in designing with the formalism, we have developed an interaction model that addresses the interleaving of user actions with the formal operations of design space exploration. The central feature of our interaction model is the modeling of control based on mixed-initiative. Initiative is sometimes taken by the designer and sometimes by the formalism in working on a shared design task. The model comprises three layers, domain, task, and dialogue. In this paper we describe the formulation of the domain layer of our mixed-initiative interaction model for design space exploration. We present the view of the domain as understood in the formalism in terms of the three abstract concepts of state, move, and structure. In order to support mixed initiative, it is necessary to develop a shared view of the domain. The domain layer addresses this problem by mapping the designer's view onto the symbol substrate. First, we present the designer's view of the domain in terms of problems, solutions, choices, and history. Second, we show how this view is interleaved with the symbol-substrate through four domain layer constructs, problem state, solution state, choice, and exploration history. The domain layer presents a suitable foundation for integrating the role of the designer with a description formalism. It enables the designer to maintain exploration freedom in terms of formulating and reformulating problems, generating solutions, making choices, and navigating the history of exploration.

Published
2004

15. Computer-based performance simulation for building design and evaluation: The Singapore perspective.

Author

Wong Nyuk Hien, Lam Khee Poh, and Feriadi, Henry

Subjects
*SIMULATION methods & models, *PUBLIC works, *INFRASTRUCTURE (Economics), *ECONOMIC development
Abstract

Presents an overview of the usage of performance-based simulation tools for building design and evaluation in Singapore. Details of the building design process; Discussion on design decision and building performance; Localization of performance simulation tools.

Published
2003
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16. On curves and computation with shapes

Author

Akin, Omer, Krishnamurti, Ramesh, Lam, Khee Poh, Jowers, Iestyn, Prats, Miquel, Earl, Christopher, Garner, Steven, Akin, Omer, Krishnamurti, Ramesh, Lam, Khee Poh, Jowers, Iestyn, Prats, Miquel, Earl, Christopher, and Garner, Steven

Abstract

Few computer implementations of shape grammars have been written that are applicable to curved shapes. The reason for this is that underlying representations of curves do not lend themselves to providing a unique description of curved shapes. Such a representation is essential for shape algorithms. This paper explains the problems posed in representing curves for shape grammar implementation. The paper demonstrates how the fundamental structures for implementing shape grammars for straight lines can be extended to shapes with curved elements.

17. On curves and computation with shapes

Author

Akin, Omer, Krishnamurti, Ramesh, Lam, Khee Poh, Jowers, Iestyn, Prats, Miquel, Earl, Christopher, Garner, Steven, Akin, Omer, Krishnamurti, Ramesh, Lam, Khee Poh, Jowers, Iestyn, Prats, Miquel, Earl, Christopher, and Garner, Steven

Abstract

Few computer implementations of shape grammars have been written that are applicable to curved shapes. The reason for this is that underlying representations of curves do not lend themselves to providing a unique description of curved shapes. Such a representation is essential for shape algorithms. This paper explains the problems posed in representing curves for shape grammar implementation. The paper demonstrates how the fundamental structures for implementing shape grammars for straight lines can be extended to shapes with curved elements.

18. Assessing Total Building Performance.

Author

Lam Khee Poh

Subjects
*CONSTRUCTION, *CONSTRUCTION contracts, *CONSTRUCTION industry, *NATIONAL libraries
Abstract

Focuses on a concept from the Total Building Performance (TBP) team that constitutes an integrated and holistic framework for conceptualizing, specifying, designing, analyzing and commissioning a building project. Background on a Develop and Build procurement contract for the National Library Board building awarded to the team; Details of principal performance mandates in the TBP model; Implementation of the concept in selective projects significant in Singapore.

Published
2002

19. Habitability of a Built Environment.

Author

Chew Yit Lin, Michael and Lam Khee Poh

Subjects
*ACCLIMATIZATION, *ARCHITECTURE, *HABITATS, *HUMAN beings, *ANIMAL species
Abstract

Provides information on the impact of any act of construction on the habitability of the built environment for humans and other species.

Published
2002

20. On curves and computation with shapes

Author

Jowers, Iestyn, Prats, Miquel, Earl, Christopher, Garner, Steven, Akin, Omer, Krishnamurti, Ramesh, and Lam, Khee Poh

Subjects
ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Computer Science::Computation and Language (Computational Linguistics and Natural Language and Speech Processing), ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS
Abstract

Few computer implementations of shape grammars have been written that are applicable to curved shapes. The reason for this is that underlying representations of curves do not lend themselves to providing a unique description of curved shapes. Such a representation is essential for shape algorithms. This paper explains the problems posed in representing curves for shape grammar implementation. The paper demonstrates how the fundamental structures for implementing shape grammars for straight lines can be extended to shapes with curved elements.

Published
2004

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