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Background The rapid development of informatization in primary care in regions inhabited by ethnic minorities during the 13th Five-Year Plan period (2016—2020) , has laid a foundation for the improvement of the serving capacity of primary care supported by information technologies, but there is a lack of research on information technology and the efficiency of primary care. Objective To assess the status including effectiveness of informatization in primary care in China asregions inhabited by ethnic minorities, to explore the impact of information technology on improving the efficiency of primary care. Methods From July to October 2020, 84 primary care institutions in 23 ethnic counties in three autonomous prefectures of Sichuan (Ganzi, Liangshan and Aba) were selected by stratified sampling, and whose directors were invited to complete a self-administered questionnaire survey for understanding the status including effectiveness of informatization in their institutions. Furthermore, the heads of local health committees and directors of primary care institutions in these ethnic counties were invited to attend a group discussion regardingthe setting of departments, service development, status of informatization and settings for information services in primary care institutions. Results In terms of software construction, of the 84 primary care institutions, 57 (67.9%) used the public health system, 44 (52.4%) used the family doctor management system, and 25 (29.8%) use the hospital information system. Forty-seven (56.0%) primary care institutions had achieved vertical connectivity with other institutions (mostly regional- and county-level institutions as well as other members in a regional medical consortium) using information technologies, and regional informatization. Institutions that had horizontal connectivity with 69 (74.4%) of the primary care institutions were medical insurance departments. Only 18 (21.4%) institutions had independent information departments, and 34 (41.0%) did not employ information professionals. Lack of information professionals〔64 (76.2%) 〕, insufficient funds〔52 (61.9%) 〕 and weak infrastructure〔51 (60.7%) 〕 were main problems revealed in informatization construction. Institutions with regional informatization, vertical connectivity with other institutions, and the construction of a hospital information platform with electronic medical record system as the core were superior to those without in terms of setting of laboratory and examination departments and provision of traditional Chinese medicine services (P

The study of underwater vehicle wake detection is of significant importance within the field of target detection, localisation, and tracking of underwater vehicles. Given that propellers are the propellers of modern ships and underwater vehicles, the propeller wake field represents the principal target source for wake detection in underwater vehicles. The objective of this paper is to propose a method for measuring the wake of an underwater propeller based on a position-sensitive detector. A theoretical model of the relationship between the laser spot displacement and the change in the refractive index of the wake field is established on the basis of the principle of laser beam deflection. A prototype experimental setup for underwater propeller wake measurement was constructed based on the aforementioned optical measurement method. Furthermore, the simulation of the propeller wake flow field with strong density stratification and linear density stratification was conducted based on the experimental setup. Furthermore, experiments were conducted to detect the flow field of a propeller wake. The experimental results indicate that the wake dissipation times of the propeller in a strong density-stratified water environment are approximately 800 s and 750 s. Following the stabilisation of the wake field density, the laser spot position is observed to be stable at 0.341 mm and 0.441 mm, respectively, with a corresponding refractive index change of 2.99 × 10−6 RIU (refractive index unit) and 3.87 × 10−6 RIU, respectively. These experimental results are found to be in general agreement with the simulation results of the propeller wake field. A comparison of the experimental wake measurements based on the device with the wake measurements based on a CTD (conductivity–temperature–depth) device reveals a consistent trend. The realisation of this detection technique is of great significance for the advancement of research in the field of optical detection of underwater vehicle wake streams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The seawater refractive index is an essential parameter in ocean observation, making its high-precision measurement necessary. This can be effectively achieved using a position-sensitive detector-based measurement system. However, in the actual measurement process, the impact of the jitter signal measurement error on the results cannot be ignored. In this study, we theoretically analysed the causes of long jitter signals during seawater refractive index measurements and quantified the influencing factors. Through this analysis, it can be seen that the angle between the two windows in the seawater refractive index measurement area caused a large error in the results, which could be effectively reduced by controlling the angle to within 2.06°. At the same time, the factors affecting the position-sensitive detector's measurement accuracy were analysed, with changes to the background light, the photosensitive surface's size, and the working environment's temperature leading to its reduction. To address the above factors, we first added a 0.9 nm bandwidth, narrow-band filter in front of the detector's photosensitive surface during system construction to filter out any light other than that from the signal light source. To ensure the seawater refractive index's measuring range, a position-sensitive detector with a photosensitive surface size of 4 mm × 4 mm was selected; whereas, to reduce the working environment's temperature variation, we partitioned the measurement system. To validate the testing error range of the optimised test system, standard seawater samples were measured under the same conditions, showing a reduction in the measurement system's jitter signal from 0.0022 mm to 0.0011 mm, before and after optimisation, respectively, as well as a reduction in the refractive index's deviation. The experimental results show that the refractive index of seawater was effectively reduced by adjusting the measurement system's optical path and structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the findings of a study on paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH), a rare blood disorder. The study used single-cell sequencing to analyze bone marrow cells from PNH patients and healthy controls. The researchers discovered alterations in the differentiation of bone marrow haematopoietic cells in PNH patients, which may contribute to the development of the disorder. The article includes clinical data on four PNH patients and discusses the mechanisms involved in PNH. The study highlights the differences in bone marrow cells between PNH patients and healthy individuals, providing insights into the impact of PNH on the distribution and function of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow. [Extracted from the article]

Neuroglial cells have a high level of plasticity, and many types of these cells are present in the nervous system. Neuroglial cells provide diverse therapeutic targets for neurological diseases and injury repair. Cell reprogramming technology provides an efficient pathway for cell transformation during neural regeneration, while transcription factor-mediated reprogramming can facilitate the understanding of how neuroglial cells mature into functional neurons and promote neurological function recovery.