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The Lower Mekong River is one of the significant rivers nurturing people on the Southeast Asian mainland. Its tributaries include the Mun River (NE Thailand), which often experiences extreme water events. In this study, the streamflow change in the year 2115 was simulated by relying on the Half a degree Additional warming, Prognosis and Projected Impacts (HAPPI) experiment and the Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate, version 5 (MIROC5) climate model for average global warming of 1.5 °C (Plus1.5) and 2.0 °C (Plus2.0) above pre-industrial levels and compared with the base year in 2015 for the Mun River Basin. The Soil–Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used for the streamflow simulation. The results showed an increasing air temperature against lowering rainfall and relative humidity (except for the post-monsoon months), suggesting overall rain suppression in response to the warming climate. The median projected annual streamflow to the Mekong River in 2115 decreased for both ‘Plus1.5’ (−32.5%, median) and ‘Plus2.0’ (−23.1%, median). However, increasing annual streamflow could be found only in the middle part. Seasonal streamflow changes revealed a different spatiotemporal response to climate change resulting in inconsistent streamflow changes across the basin. The adaptive measures for the middle part should be focused on flooding control, whereas the upper and the lower parts should be against drought. HIGHLIGHTS IPCC AR6 HAPPI predicts overall rain suppression in response to the warming climate across the Mun River Basin.; The projected streamflow to the Mekong River in 2115 declines for both warming scenarios.; Positive annual streamflow anomalies could be found in the middle part.; In this middle part, we found higher dry-season streamflow and less wet-season streamflow.; Upper and lower parts tend to be drought-prone.;

Black phase CsPbI3 is attractive for optoelectronic devices, while usually it has a high formation energy and requires an annealing temperature of above 300 °C. The formation energy can be significantly reduced by adding HI in the precursor. However, the resulting films are not suitable for light-emitting applications due to the high trap densities and low photoluminescence quantum efficiencies, and the low temperature formation mechanism is not well understood yet. Here, we demonstrate a general approach for deposition of γ-CsPbI3 films at 100 °C with high photoluminescence quantum efficiencies by adding organic ammonium cations, and the resulting light-emitting diode exhibits an external quantum efficiency of 10.4% with suppressed efficiency roll-off. We reveal that the low-temperature crystallization process is due to the formation of low-dimensional intermediate states, and followed by interionic exchange. This work provides perspectives to tune phase transition pathway at low temperature for CsPbI3 device applications. Exploiting low-temperature formed black phase CsPbI3 for light-emitting applications remains a challenge. Here, the authors propose a method to enable the deposition of γ-CsPbI3 films at 100C and demonstrate a light-emitting diode with an external quantum efficiency of 10.4% with suppressed efficiency roll-off. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Phosphotungstic acid (PTA) catalysts supported on MCM-41 prepared via a wet impregnation method assisted by vacuum with heating (IMPVH) were first employed for direct alkenylation of different aromatics with phenylacetylene to synthesize α-arylstyrenes. N2 adsorption–desorption, FT-IR, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and NH3 temperature-programmed desorption (NH3 TPD) characterization techniques were used to reveal the relationship between the catalyst’s nature and properties. The results demonstrate that the fabricated 25wt.% PTA/MCM-41 catalyst exhibits outstanding catalytic performance, remarkably better than that on HY zeolite. It is also found that the catalytic properties of the catalysts are strongly dependent on PTA dispersity, the nature of the acid sites, the preservability of PTA Keggin structure, and the mesopore architecture, notably affected by PTA loading and calcination temperature. The results for catalytic stability illustrate that more than 99% of maximum conversion can be obtained, and more than 92% conversion can be maintained for up to 540min time on stream. We find that the decrease in catalytic activity, along with the long reaction time, is mainly ascribable to deactivation by coke deposition. The spent catalyst can be refreshed, and 97.1% conversion can be obtained over the regenerated catalyst. This approach is also highly efficient for extra-substituted benzene, polycyclic aromatics, and even heteroaromatics, suggesting that the method presented in this paper can be a green and highly efficient synthesis protocol for α-arylstyrenes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Although the power conversion efficiency values of perovskite solar cells continue to be refreshed, it is still far from the theoretical Shockley-Queisser limit. Two major issues need to be addressed, including disorder crystallization of perovskite and unbalanced interface charge extraction, which limit further improvements in device efficiency. Herein, we develop a thermally polymerized additive as the polymer template in the perovskite film, which can form monolithic perovskite grain and a unique "Mortise-Tenon" structure after spin-coating hole-transport layer. Importantly, the suppressed non-radiative recombination and balanced interface charge extraction benefit from high-quality perovskite crystals and Mortise-Tenon structure, resulting in enhanced open-circuit voltage and fill-factor of the device. The PSCs achieve certified efficiency of 24.55% and maintain >95% initial efficiency over 1100 h in accordance with the ISOS-L-2 protocol, as well as excellent endurance according to the ISOS-D-3 accelerated aging test., (© 2023. The Author(s).)