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The pupose of this review was to explore the application of machine learning in the realm of flavor molecule research, particularly in the analysis of the flavor of Jasmine tea. The study of flavor molecules is fundamental to understand and optimize the taste and quality of food, especially tea. The introduction of machine learning technology has opened new horizons for the identification and analysis of flavor molecules. This paper firstly outlined the basic concepts and research methods of flavor molecules, and a detailed discussion on the application of machine learning in deciphering the relationships between molecular structures and flavor characteristics, as well as in the analysis, prediction and optimization of the flavor and intelligent processing of Jasmine tea and other applications, put forward the research prospect. Thereby, this review could enhance the quality of Jasmine tea and provide technical support for the further development of the tea industry.

With the evolution of war forms and development of weapon equipment systems, the new intelligent equipment selection and decision-making methods are more and more important for equipment construction top-level planning and combat decision making. Based on the systematic analysis of the background and development status of equipment combination selection, this paper explains the conceptual connotation and technical framework of equipment combination selection, discusses the main methods of equipment combination selection from four aspects: problem construction, candidate equipment space construction, value construction and optimization selection, and analyzes the existing problems and development trend, and provides reference for the research and application of equipment combination selection.

Objective To explore the role of calcium release activated calcium channel protein 1 (Orai1) in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) osteogenesis induced by bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9). Methods BMSCs were isolated by adherent method, and the third generation BMSCs were treated with 10－5mol/L of BMP9, and the mRNA expression of Orai1 was measured at different time points. RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to value the transfection efficiency after Orai1 knockdown. The osteogenic markers of Runx2, OPN and OCN were detected by RT-qPCR. Hydroxyapatite/PLA/chitosan, a scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, was implanted into the subcutaneous of nude mice. After 4 weeks, the osteogenic effect was examined by microscopy. Results The mRNA expression of Orai1 increased gradually at the 5th day after BMP9 induction (P＜0.05). The gene and protein expression of Orai1 decreased significantly after Orai1 knockdown (P＜0.05). Besides, the osteogenic effect of Orai1 knockdown decreased significantly, and the expression of Runx2, OPN and OCN gene decreased significantly (P＜0.05). Moreover, BMP9 could significantly improve the ectopic osteogenic ability of BMSCs, and Orai1 knockdown significantly inhibited this effect (P＜0.05). Conclusions BMP9 plays an important role in osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs potentially by regulating Orai1.

Inflammatory responses play a critical role in the progress of neurodegenerative disorders. MSC-Exos is considered to have an anti-inflammatory effect on the treatment strategy for brain injury. However, the therapeutic effect and possible mechanism of Exosomal miR-210 on microglia polarization-induced neuroinflammation and neurite outgrowth have not been reported. MSC-Exos were isolated by ultracentrifugation, identified by Nanosight NS300, transmission electron microscopy, and western bolt. In vitro, to explore the protective mechanism of MSC-Exos against neuroinflammation, the microglial BV2 cell was exposed to lipopolysaccharide to assess inflammatory changes. The intake of 1,1’-dioctadecyl-3,3,3’,3’-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (Dil)-MSC-Exos into microglia was observed by fluorescence microscopy. The results showed that Exosomal miR-210 treatment significantly inhibited the production of nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Exosomal miR-210 treatment also increased the number of M2 microglia cells and inhibited M1 microglia polarization. In addition, western blot demonstrated that Exosomal miR-210 reduced neuronal apoptosis. Thus, Exosomal miR-210 attenuated neuronal inflammation and promoted neurite outgrowth. Exosomal miR-210 from MSCs attenuated neuronal inflammation and contributed to neurogenesis possibly by inhibiting microglial M1 polarization.

Background/Aims: Bile is the main cause of poor bowel preparation for capsule endoscopy (CE). We aimed to determine whether cholestyramine and hydrotalcite can eliminate bile in the bowel. Patients and Methods: Patients undergoing CE were randomized into two groups. Group A patients (n = 75) recieved 250 mL 20% mannitol and 1 L 0.9% saline orally at 20:00 hours on the day before and at 05:00 hours on the day of CE and 20 mL simethicone 30 min before CE. Group B patients (n = 73) were treated identically, except for taking oral cholestyramine and hydrotalcite, starting 3 days before CE. Greenish luminal contents were assessed by four tissue color bar segments using Color Area Statistics software. Bowel cleanliness was evaluated by visualized area percentage assessment of cleansing (AAC) score. Result: Bowel cleanliness (82.7% [62/75] vs 46.6% [34/73]; χ2 = 14.596, P = 0.000). and detected greenish luminal contents (20.0% [15/75] vs 8.2% [6/73]; χ2 = 4.217, P = 0.040) were significantly greater in Group A than in Group B. Greenish luminal contents in the two groups differed significantly in the captured small-bowel (t = −13.74, P = 0.000) segments and proximal small-bowel (t = −0.7365, P = 0.000) segments, but not for the distal small-bowel (t = −0.552, P = 0.581) segments. Conclusions: Cholestyramine and hydrotalcite were ineffective in eliminating bile and improving small-bowel preparation.