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Bakgrund: Hjärtsvikt är en av västvärldens främsta folksjukdomar och den vanligaste orsaken till sjukhusvård. Hjärtsvikt är en kronisk sjukdom som innebär att hjärtat saknar förmåga att leverera tillräcklig mängd blod per minut för att täcka kroppens behov. Bristen på syre till kroppens celler medför bland annat ökad trötthet, bensvullnad och andnöd. Förutom farmakologisk behandling är egenvård en central del i behandlingen. Distriktssköterskans rådgivning ska stödja, informera och undervisa patienten utifrån dennes förutsättningar, för att därifrån jobba vidare med patientens egenvårdsförmåga till att kunna hantera hälsoproblemetsjälvständigt. Syfte: Att beskriva resultatet av distriktssköterskans råd om egenvård för patienter med hjärtsvikt Metod: En avgränsad integrativ litteraturstudie genomfördes med hjälp av systematisk sökning i databaserna Cinahl, PubMed & PsycInfo och utgick från Whittemore och Knafl’s metod. Resultat: Utbildning med relevant kunskap kring hjärtsvikt och egenvård samt uppmuntran till egenvård leder till en mer korrekt och följsam egenvårdsrutin. Den egenvård som var mest användbar och lättast att implementera syntes vara vägning samt salt- och vätskebegränsning. Det sågs en signifikant minskning gällande hjärtsviktsrelaterade symtom och patientens egen förmåga att upptäcka försämring av sina symtom förbättrades signifikant efter att de erhållit råd om egenvård. Slutligen så framkom en signifikant förbättring av livskvalitet samt en minskning av antal sjukhusinläggningar bland patienterna. Slutsats: Implementering av små men effektfulla egenvårdsrutiner kan genomföras med förhållandevis enkla medel. Egenvårdsråden bör främst beröra hur patienten etablerarar en hälsosam livsstil och upprättar enkla handlingsplaner, vilka kan förebygga försämrat hälsotillstånd och sjukhusinläggning.

The low throughput of atomic force microscopy (AFM) is the main drawback in its large-scale deployment in industrial metrology. A promising solution would be based on the parallelization of the scanning probe system, allowing acquisition of the image by an array of probes operating simultaneously. A key step for reaching this goal relies on the miniaturization and integration of the sensing mechanism. Here, we demonstrate AFM imaging employing an on-chip displacement sensor, based on a photonic crystal cavity, combined with an integrated photodetector and coupled to an on-chip waveguide. This fully-integrated sensor allows high-sensitivity and high-resolution in a very small footprint and its readout is compatible with current commercial AFM systems.

Hållbarhetsarbetet är en central del av den kommunala verksamheten. Krav på hållbarhet är stort och kommuner behöver bemöta framtida hot till följd av klimatförändringar. Flera kommuner i Sverige använder gröna obligationer som en ekonomisk innovation i arbetet med hållbarhet. Gröna obligationer skiljer sig från övriga obligationer genom att investeraren kan följa utgifterna och vilka miljö- och klimatrelaterade effekter det bidrar till. Hur Malmö, Göteborg och Stockholm resonerar kring användningen av gröna obligationer undersöks i denna uppsats. Syftet är att undersöka huruvida gröna obligationer bidrar till hållbara stadsutvecklingsprojekt i staden. Städernas hållbarhetsarbete undersöks primärt i relation till de globala hållbarhetsmålen. I synnerhet är mål elva, hållbara städer och samhällen, intressant. Följande huvudfrågeställning ämnar uppsatsen besvara: Hur använder och resonerar Sveriges tre största städer kring gröna obligationer för att uppnå hållbar stadsutveckling? Uppsatsen utgår från en kvalitativ metod, analys och informationsinsamling består av intervjuer med anställda inom kommuner och verksamheter relaterat till gröna obligationer. Utöver intervjuerna har även en litteraturstudie av dokument relaterat till kommunernas gröna obligationer genomförts. Uppsatsen har undersökt och jämfört tre storstäder och deras resonemang kring gröna obligationer. Studien har därför en komparativ forskningsdesign. Kommunernas gröna obligationer centreras kring ekonomisk tillväxt snarare än hållbarhetsarbete. Gröna obligationer har en stark inverkan på samverkan inom den offentliga verksamheten, men även samarbetet mellan offentliga verksamheter och finansmarknaden. Gröna obligationer bidrar enligt Göteborg och Malmö till att motverka stuprörstänk kring hållbarhetsarbete och bidrar till samverkan. Både Malmö och Göteborg ser gröna obligationer som en katalysator för gröna projekt med bestämda hållbarhetskrav. En skillnad mellan Malmö och Göteborg har varit deras val a, Demands for sustainable innovations are high and Swedish municipalities need to address future threats posed by climate change. Green bonds constitute a relatively new asset class and work as a financial instrument that brings positive environmental benefits. How Malmö, Gothenburg and Stockholm take advantage of green bonds is examined in this essay. The aim of this essay is to investigate how green bonds contribute to sustainable urban development projects in Swedish municipalities. The cities’ work towards sustainability is examined primarily in relation to the global sustainability goals, and in particular, goal eleven, “Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable”. The essay intends to answer the question: How do Sweden's three largest cities reason and use green bonds to achieve sustainable urban development? A qualitative method is used throughout the thesis and consists of interviews with different municipality employees. The essay examines and comments on three different cities and their view on green bonds. Therefore, the study has a comparative research design. In addition to interviews, we also conduct a literature study of documents related to municipalities’ green bonds. Green bonds are mainly an instrument for economic growth rather than environmentally friendly benefits. Green bonds have a strong impact on partnership within the public sector and between public sector activities and the financial market. Both Malmö and Gothenburg identify green bonds as a catalyst for green projects with specific sustainability requirements. One difference between Malmö and Gothenburg is, among other things, their choice of external partners. Stockholm has chosen not to issue green bonds. The City of Stockholm justifies the decision based on unnecessary costs and a lack of evidence that it will accelerate the work towards a more resilient city. Whether Gothenburg and Malmö act as a barrier, enabler, or pave the way for a resilient city

We study the local conductivity properties of KTiOPO4 using conductive atomic force microscopy in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV). We show that domains with opposite orientations have different conductivity values. We investigate the temperature dependence of the local conductivity and report a difference in the activation energy of 25% between different domains. Furthermore, we show that the local conductivity increases with the number of biased-scans. Finally, it is found that the domain wall conductivity previously observed at ambient conditions vanishes in UHV. Our results are discussed in terms of the screening effects and surface conditions., QC 20190624

A way to stabilize the domain structure in periodically poled Rb-doped KTiOPO 4 samples at high-temperatures is presented. The domain contraction along the b-crystallographic axis that is observed when crystals are annealed at high temperatures is suppressed when the ends of the domains along the b-axis are diced away. Additionally, the thermal stability of self-assembled domain gratings with a sub-μm average periodicity of 650 ± 200 nm and a domain-width of 225 ± 75 nm in mm-thick samples is investigated, and it is shown that the key factor for the domain stability is the domain width rather than the interdomain distance., QC 20190218

This essay aims to investigate how a small coastal municipality is planning for the consequences of sea level rise and in which way it contributes to sustainable development. This is done by a case study on Ängelholm, a small municipality in Scania, Sweden. The case study involves analysis of documents provided by the municipality, Länsstyrelsen and research papers on the subject in addition to an interview with a sustainability engineer working at the municipality. The results are analyzed using a theoretical framework of weak and strong sustainability, the concept of sustainable development along with three suggested strategies for coastal planning in the context of sea level rise: retreat, defence and attack. The findings show that Ängelholm mainly uses defense as a strategy and this is a realization of weak sustainability. Moreover, the municipality prioritizes economical sustainability upon ecological and social sustainability, unless they are a complement to economical sustainability. This is also considered to fit the weak sustainability principle.

The coupling between ionic degrees of freedom and ferroelectricity has received renewed attention in recent years, given that surface electrochemical processes have been shown to be intrinsically linked to ferroelectric phase stability in ultrathin ferroelectric films. However, the coupling between bulk ionic transport and local polarization switching has received less attention, as typically the bulk ionic mobilities are low for common ferroelectrics at room temperature. Here, we use the coupled band-excitation method in conjunction with site-correlated time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, to determine the coupling between ferroelectric switching and ionic motion in single crystal KTiOPO4. The local scanning probe measurements indicate a substantial softening, as determined by resonant frequency changes, during reversal of polarization along one direction. These changes are correlated with the mass spectrometry measurements, showing a polarization-dependent accumulation of K ions at the polar surfaces, thus corroborating their role in the screening process. These studies shed light on the interplay between ionic dynamics and bulk ferroelectric switching and have implications for studies on domain wall conductivity, chemical switching, and bulk and surface-screening phenomena., Export Date: 22 October 2018; Article; Correspondence Address: Vasudevan, R.K.; Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National LaboratoryUnited States; email: vasudevanrk@ornl.gov; Funding details: DOE, U.S. Department of Energy; Funding details: VR, Vetenskapsrådet; Funding details: SSF, Stiftelsen för Strategisk Forskning; Funding details: SC, Office of Science; Funding details: DE-AC05-00OR22725; Funding details: DMSE, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering; Funding details: CNMS2017-066; Funding text: A portion of this work was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division (R.K.V. and S.V.K.). Research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (A.I., S.J., O.S.O.), which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility, and using instrumentation within ORNL’s Materials Characterization Core provided by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. G.L. and C.C. acknowledge support and access to the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences through the proposal CNMS2017-066. G.L. and C.C. also acknowledge support from the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research and the Swedish Research Council (VR) through its Linné Center for Advanced Optics and Photonics (ADOPT). QC 20181112

We study the conductive properties of charged domain walls in KTiOPO4 using conductive atomic force microscopy. We show that the region of increased conductivity at the domain wall broadens when the wall is in motion, extending from the initial wall position to the final wall position. When wall motion stops, the conductive region attains a narrow width. The magnitude of the conductivity of charged domain walls is four times larger than that of the surrounding domains, as is the case at stationary wall. We investigate, QC 20180917

We study the local ionic conductivity of ferroelectric domain walls and domains in KTiOPO4 single-crystals. We show a fourfold increase in conductivity at the domain walls, compared to that of the domains, attributed to an increased concentration of defects. Our current-voltage measurements reveal memristive-like behavior associated with topographic changes and permanent charge displacement. This behavior is observed for all the voltage sweep-rates at the domain walls, while it only occurs for low frequencies at the domains. We attribute these findings to the redistribution of ions due to the applied bias and their effect on the tip-sample barrier., QC 20170825

QC 20240715

The temporal evolution of in situ second-harmonic generation was employed to study domain dynamics during periodic poling in Rb-doped KTP. With this method we investigated the influence of various poling parameters, including electric-field pulse shape, pulse magnitude, and number of pulses, on the quality of the QPM structure. It was found that the grating formation can be a sub-millisecond process and the benefits of using symmetric triangular electric-field pulse shape over square pulse shape in the single-pulse poling regime were demonstrated. Multiple-pulse poling with triangular pulses was shown to have a detrimental effect on the QPM structure quality, while multiple square pulses can provide additional flexibility to the structuring process., QC 20151014

We study the thermal stability of domain walls in periodically poled Rb-doped KTP crystals. Domain-wall motion is observed after annealing the crystals above 550 degrees C. This motion is highly anisotropic along the a- and b- crystallographic axes. Along the b-axis domain wall motion is in the order of tens of micrometers. In the a-direction, it results in either three orders of magnitude smaller domain wall displacement or in domain merging, depending on the initial domain configuration. We show that the thermal stability of the domain gratings depends on their periodicity, resulting in complete backswitching for sub-micrometer domains annealed at 730 degrees C., QC 20151005

We study the thermal stability of domain walls in periodically poled Rb-doped KTP crystals as a function of domain grating periodicity. Complete back-switching was observed by optical microscopy for sub-micrometer domains annealed at 730 °C., QC 20160314

I denna rapport redovisas en studie av det nya justerverket vid JGA:s (JG Anderssons söner AB) sågverk i Linneryd. Studien är inriktad på åtgärder som kan öka produktiviteten samt förbättra arbetsprocessen. De faktorer som studerats i justerverket är produktivitet, spill, kvalitetsutfall, kostnad/förtjänst och tillgången på sorteringsfack. Beräkningar av faktorerna har utförts med användning av lagrade driftsdata från justerverket. I arbetet ingår en jämförelse med driftsdata från det gamla nu utbytta justerverket. Resultaten visar att produktiviteten ökat kraftigt i det nya verket. Även spillet har ökat, vilket i någon mån kompenseras av att kvalitetsutfallet har förbättrats. Tillgången på sorteringsfack orsakar emellanåt stopp i produktionen. Stoppen bör kunna minskas genom att styra produktionen av olika dimensioner, så att tömning av enskilda fack kan ske mindre ofta.

QC 20200911

We demonstrate real-time, in-situ SHG as a technique for studying the sub-millisecond dynamics of periodic poling in Rb-doped KTP. Using this technique we established the parameters which have the most influence on the domain dynamics. OCIS codes: (190.4400) Nonlinear optics, materials; (160.2260) Ferroelectrics., Part of proceedings: ISBN 978-1-55752-972-5QC 20140117

QC 20171113

QC 20171113