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7. Trident Segmentation CNN: A Spatiotemporal Transformation CNN for Punctate White Matter Lesions Segmentation in Preterm Neonates

Author

Liu, Yalong, Li, Jie, Wang, Miaomiao, Jiao, Zhicheng, Yang, Jian, and Li, Xianjun

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Accurate segmentation of punctate white matter lesions (PWML) in preterm neonates by an automatic algorithm can better assist doctors in diagnosis. However, the existing algorithms have many limitations, such as low detection accuracy and large resource consumption. In this paper, a novel spatiotemporal transformation deep learning method called Trident Segmentation CNN (TS-CNN) is proposed to segment PWML in MR images. It can convert spatial information into temporal information, which reduces the consumption of computing resources. Furthermore, a new improved training loss called Self-balancing Focal Loss (SBFL) is proposed to balance the loss during the training process. The whole model is evaluated on a dataset of 704 MR images. Overall the method achieves median DSC, sensitivity, specificity, and Hausdorff distance of 0.6355, 0.7126, 0.9998, and 24.5836 mm which outperforms the state-of-the-art algorithm. (The code is now available on https://github.com/YalongLiu/Trident-Segmentation-CNN)

Published
2019

8. Refined-Segmentation R-CNN: A Two-stage Convolutional Neural Network for Punctate White Matter Lesion Segmentation in Preterm Infants

Author

Liu, Yalong, Li, Jie, Wang, Ying, Wang, Miaomiao, Li, Xianjun, Jiao, Zhicheng, Yang, Jian, and Gao, Xingbo

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Accurate segmentation of punctate white matter lesion (PWML) in infantile brains by an automatic algorithm can reduce the potential risk of postnatal development. How to segment PWML effectively has become one of the active topics in medical image segmentation in recent years. In this paper, we construct an efficient two-stage PWML semantic segmentation network based on the characteristics of the lesion, called refined segmentation R-CNN (RS RCNN). We propose a heuristic RPN (H-RPN) which can utilize surrounding information around the PWMLs for heuristic segmentation. Also, we design a lightweight segmentation network to segment the lesion in a fast way. Densely connected conditional random field (DCRF) is used to optimize the segmentation results. We only use T1w MRIs to segment PWMLs. The result shows that our model can well segment the lesion of ordinary size or even pixel size. The Dice similarity coefficient reaches 0.6616, the sensitivity is 0.7069, the specificity is 0.9997, and the Hausdorff distance is 52.9130. The proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art algorithm. (The code of this paper is available on https://github.com/YalongLiu/Refined-Segmentation-R-CNN)

Published
2019

23. Reactive Toughening of Urea-Formaldehyde Resin With Polyvinyl alcohol) by Formation of Interpenetrating Networks

Author

Liu, Yalong, Yuan, Junling, Zhao, Xiaowen, and Ye, Lin

Subjects
Epoxy resins -- Mechanical properties -- Production processes, Formaldehyde -- Usage, Polyvinyl alcohol -- Usage, Activation energy, Urea, Polymerization, Engineering and manufacturing industries, Science and technology
Abstract

A series of urea-formaldehyde/poly(vinyl alcohol) (UF/PVA) blends were prepared via in situ polymerization. During the synthesis process, intra- and intermolecular acetalization of PVA occurred, along with the addition and condensation reactions between urea and formaldehyde, resulting in the formation of UF/PVA interpenetrating networks. With the increase of PVA content, the curing temperature shifted to higher temperatures and the activation energy (E) increased, suggesting that it was more difficult for the blends to cure. UF/PVA blends showed high storage modulus and only one broad tan [delta] peak, indicating that the stiffness was enhanced and the phase separation was limited at the chain segmental level. By the introduction of PVA, the elongation at break, impact strength, [K.sub.IC] value, and roughness of the fracture surface increased obviously, while the tensile strength can still maintain at a high level. Due to the forced compatibilization of the two components, homogeneous interpenetrating UF/PVA networks can form and thus the toughness of the blends was enhanced. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 58:2031-2038, 2018., INTRODUCTIONUrea-formaldehyde (UF) resin is one of the most important types of the so-called amino plastic resins, which is based on the manifold reaction of urea and formaldehyde [1]. By using [...]

Published
2018
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36. Fabrication of poly(vinylidene fluoride)/graphite heterogeneous porous carbon nanofiber composite mat by electrospraying method for efficient oil–water separation

Author

Liu, Yalong, Kong, Fangyuan, Xin, Binjie, Chen, Zhuoming, Xu, Yingqi, Liu, Yan, Li, Lifeng, and Newton, Md All Amin

Abstract

The efficient separation of oil and water is significant in addressing oil–water pollution issues. In this study, we developed a poly(vinylidene fluoride)/graphite (PVDF/GE) multiscale heterogeneous porous carbon nanofiber composite mat (MHPCM) through a two-step electrospinning method for enhanced oil–water separation. The mat was prepared by incorporating PVDF nanospheres, GE flakes, and carbon nanofibers, taking advantage of their inherent oil-repellent and water-attracting properties. MHPCM-4 demonstrates superhydrophobicity (WCA≈154.1°) and superoleophilicity (OCA≈0°). The separation efficiency for 1–14 μm carbon tetrachloride-in-water emulsions exceeds 99.9%. After 25 cycles, MHPCM-4 maintains its oil flux at 92.25% of the initial value. Additionally, even after 25 cycles, MHPCM-4 retains a separation efficiency of 99.8% for immiscible oil-in-water mixtures and a separation efficiency of 99.7% for water-in-oil emulsions. Thus, this material has great potential for efficient oil–water separation in various circumstances.

Published
2023
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39. Analysis on key technical nodes of prefabricated concrete construction

Author

Liu Yalong

Subjects
lcsh:GE1-350, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Key (cryptography), Quality (business), Housing construction, lcsh:Environmental sciences, Construction engineering, media_common
Abstract

Prefabricated concrete (PC) buildings are a relatively new type of housing construction. It is not only necessary to ensure the quality of PC components, but also to guarantee the quality of key technical nodes of construction. Based on specific engineering project cases, this article proposes solutions and methods for the key technical nodes of prefabricated concrete construction, and proves their feasibility and effectiveness through practical applications. It illustrates an optimization of prefabricated concrete construction technology to improve construction quality.

Published
2021

42. Shape Changes and Interaction Mechanism of Escherichia coli Cells Treated with Sericin and Use of a Sericin-Based Hydrogel for Wound Healing

Author

Li Chen, Ke Wang, Huazhen Qin, Pengfei Liu, Qingsong Zhang, Rui Xue, Yen Wei, Congcong Liang, Liu Yalong, and Xiaoyong Zhang

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, 02 engineering and technology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, medicine.disease_cause, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Sericin, Bacterial cell structure, Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate, Cell membrane, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Escherichia coli, Environmental Microbiology, Animals, Humans, Sericins, Escherichia coli Infections, Wound Healing, Ecology, Chemistry, Cell Membrane, Biological membrane, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Rats, 030104 developmental biology, Membrane, medicine.anatomical_structure, Biophysics, 0210 nano-technology, Bacterial outer membrane, Wound healing, Food Science, Biotechnology
Abstract

To verify the interaction mechanism between sericin and Escherichia coli , especially the morphological and structural changes in the bacterial cells, the antimicrobial activity of sericin against E. coli as a model for Gram-negative bacteria was investigated. The antibacterial activity of sericin on E. coli and the interaction mechanism were investigated in this study by analyzing the growth, integrity, and morphology of the bacterial cells following treatment with sericin. The changes in morphology and cellular compositions of bacterial cells treated with sericin were observed by an inverted fluorescence microscope, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Changes in electrical conductivity, total sugar concentration of the broth for the bacteria, and protein expression of the bacteria were determined to investigate the permeability of the cell membrane. A sericin-based hydrogel was prepared for an in vivo study of wound dressing. The results showed that the antibacterial activity of the hydrogel increased with the increase in the concentration of sericin from 10 g/liter to 40 g/liter. The introduction of sericin induces membrane blebbing of E. coli cells caused by antibiotic action on the cell membrane. The cytoplasm shrinkage phenomenon was accompanied by blurring of the membrane wall boundaries. When E. coli cells were treated with sericin, release of intracellular components quickly increased. The electrical conductivity assay indicated that the charged ions are reduced after exposure to sericin so that the integrity of the cell membrane is weakened and metabolism is blocked. In addition, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis demonstrated that sericin hinders the expression of bacterial protein. Sericin may damage the integrity of the bacterial cell membrane, thereby eventually inhibiting the growth and reproduction of E. coli . Compared to sterile gauze, the sericin-based hydrogel promoted fibroblast cell proliferation and accelerated the formation of granulation tissues and neovessels. IMPORTANCE The specific relationship and interaction mechanism between sericin and E. coli cells were investigated and elucidated. The results show that after 12 h of treatment, sericin molecules induce membrane blebbing of E. coli cells, and the bacteria show decreases in liquidity and permeability of biological membrane, resulting in alterations in the conductivity of the culture medium and the integrity of the outer membrane. The subsequent in vivo results demonstrate that the sericin-poly( N -isopropylacrylamide- N , N ′-methylene-bis-acrylamide [NIPAm-MBA]) hydrogel accelerated wound healing compared to that with sterile gauze, which is a beneficial result for future applications in clinical medicine and the textile, food, and coating industries.

Published
2016

48. Surfactant-tuned phase crystallinity and morphologies of NaYF:Yb,Er hexagonal microstructures and their photoluminescence properties.

Author

Guo, Yaxin, Wei, Jie, Liu, Yalong, Yang, Tiantian, and Xu, Zhuo

Subjects
SURFACE active agents, CITRIC acid, ETHYLENEDIAMINETETRAACETIC acid, PHOTOLUMINESCENCE, CRYSTALLINITY
Abstract

Typical up-conversion materials of NaYF:Yb,Er microcrystals were synthesized by a hydrothermal route using different surfactants (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and citric acid (CA)) as chelating agents. The results and analysis reveal that surfactant as a shape modifier introduced into the reaction system plays an important role in altering the crystalline structures, morphologies, and up-conversion luminescence properties of target crystals. A possible growth mechanism for NaYF:Yb,Er microcrystals to confirm the influence of surfactant on morphology and size was proposed on the basis of the growth rate of different crystal facets and the difference in the type of organic ligand. The luminescence mechanisms for NaYF:Yb,Er microcrystals as well as the correlation between the grain size, defects, morphologies and up-conversion luminescence were thoroughly analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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50. Phase transition, leakage conduction mechanism evolution and enhanced ferroelectric properties in multiferroic Mn-doped BiFeO thin films.

Author

Liu, Yalong, Wei, Jie, Liu, Yang, Bai, Xiaofei, Shi, Peng, Mao, Shengchun, Zhang, Xueqian, Li, Chen, and Dkhil, Brahim

Subjects
PHASE transitions, FERROELECTRICITY, MULTIFERROIC materials, THIN films, MANGANESE, RAMAN spectra
Abstract

Pure and Mn-doped BiFeO thin films were prepared by a facile chemical solution deposition process. X-ray diffraction patterns and Raman spectra imply a phase transition from a rhombohedral structure in pure BiFeO film to a nearly tetragonal structure in Mn-doped BiFeO films. Moreover, it is found that doping of Mn could greatly modify the surface morphology, leakage current properties and ferroelectric properties of BiFeO films. Consequently, the lowest leakage current density and the largest remnant polarization are observed in BiFeMnO film which could be well explained by the leakage conduction mechanism and its evolution from the space-charge-limited current behavior for BiFeO and BiFeMnO films to the Poole-Frenkel emission for BiFeMnO film, as well as completely an Ohmic behavior for BiFeMnO film. Based on the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of Mn ions, we argue that the varied valences of Mn ions such as Mn, Mn and Mn may play an important role in lowering leakage current density and enhancing the ferroelectric properties of BiFeO films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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