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Objective To investigate the relationship between serum manganese (Mn) levels and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in individuals of different genders. Methods Participants aged 18 years or older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database between 2017 and 2018 were selected, excluding those who lacked ultrasonic liver transient elastography data, serum Mn data, and individuals with hepatitis B, hepatitis C, or significant alcohol consumption. The included population (n=4 294) was divided into NAFLD group (n=2 708) and the non-NAFLD group (n=1 586) according to whether participant had NAFLD or not. Serum Mn levels were quantitatively measured by inductively coupled plasma dynamic reaction cell mass spectrometry. Age, gender, race, marital status, education, family income-to-poverty ratio (FMPIR), body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and serum Mn levels were compared between the two groups. Continuous variables were compared by t-tests or Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, while categorical variables were compared by chi-square tests. Males and females were respectively divided into four groups (Q1-Q4) according to their Mn levels by quartile method. Multivariate logistic regression, restricted cubic spline regression analysis, interaction, and subgroup analysis were performed to explore the risk association between serum Mn and NAFLD in different genders. Results Serum Mn level in the NAFLD group was significantly higher than that in the non-NAFLD group［9.06 (7.25, 11.38)μg/L vs 9.33 (7.54, 11.52) μg/L, Z=2.815, P=0.005］. After adjusting for age, race, education, marital status, FMPIR, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidemia as covariates, male participants in the serum Mn Q3 group (OR=1.575; 95%CI: 1.193-2.087) and female participants in the serum Mn Q4 group (OR=1.725; 95%CI: 1.313-2.269) had significantly increased risks of developing NAFLD when compared to those in the Q1 group (P＜0.01). There was a significant positive dose-response relationship between serum Mn and the risk of NAFLD for both males and females (P＜0.01), with a nonlinear relationship for males (Pnon-linear＜0.01) and a linear relationship for females (Pnon-linear=0.818）. Significant interactions were observed between serum Mn and race in males, and between serum Mn and hypertension in females. Conclusion Serum Mn levels in both males and females are significantly associated with the risk of NAFLD.

With the development of the times, computer, information technology gradually penetrated into all walks of life. Textile and clothing design, production, consumption integration of machine vision, graphic image recognition technology development have become a trend. At present, the intelligence degree of the textile and clothing industry has reached an unprecedented new height. In the production and identification of fabrics, the machine vision gradually replaces the manual work, and realizes the automatic and accurate production line. In the design, manufacturing, consumption and other aspects of clothing, image recognition technology has assumed the historical responsibility. Combined with the Internet of things, cloud computing and other technologies, it has improved the production efficiency and achieved intelligent design and production.

Objective To investigate whether vascular endothelial cells affect the differentiation of epicardial progenitor cells (EpiCs) during coronary development. Methods Highly purified EpiCs were extracted from 30 female and 30 male C57BL/6 mice (7 to 8 weeks old, body weight 25-30 g) and cultured alone or in the presence of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a Transwell co-culture system. The expressions of EpiCs markers WT1 and Tbx18 and the smooth muscle cell markers α-SMA and Myh11 were detected using immunofluorescence assay and qRT-PCR. Collagen gel contraction assay was used to assess the contractility of the cultured EpiCs, and ELISA was used to detect the expression of growth factors in the cell culture medium. Results Compared with EpiCs cultured alone, the EpiCs co-cultured with HUVECs exhibited significantly increased expression levels of α-SMA [(1.73±0.85)% vs (34.20±3.38)%, P < 0.01, n=3] and Myh11 [(3.70±1.49)% vs (45.63±4.85)%, P < 0.01, n=3] with obviously enhanced contractile ability. The concentration of basic fibroblast growth factors (bFGFs) in the conditioned medium was also significantly higher in the co-cultured cells than in EpiCs cultured alone (304.96±52.91 vs 87.64±8.78 pg/mL, P < 0.01, n=3). Conclusion In the co-culture system of EpiCs and HUVECs, the production of bFGFs by HUVECs promotes the differentiation of EpiCs into vascular smooth muscle cells, indicating a regulatory mechanism of the development of coronary arteries

Oral English teaching is an important form of cultivating students' English accomplishment and improving their English learning effect. In the context of intelligent education, by giving full play to the advantages of computer network and actively reconstructing the new mode of Oral English teaching, we will, on the basis of optimizing the form of oral English teaching and by integrating high-quality oral English teaching resources, to promote students to participate in oral English learning and speaking practice in a conscious and spontaneous way. Based on the analysis of the existing problems in spoken English teaching, this paper puts forward the construction and implementation of a new spoken English teaching model based on computer network.

Uranium bioleaching has been rapidly developed in China during recent years. However, some problems during bioleaching, such as low uranium leaching efficiency for rocks lacking pyrite, remain to be solved. A granite type uranium deposit from southern China was selected for the study of U bioleaching with addition of pyrite. Experiments using four approaches, including (i) pyrite ores mixing with culture, (ii) pyrite tiled on the surface of ores with culture, (iii) no pyrite ores with culture, and (iv) pyrite ores without culture were examined in this study. Results showed that bacteria can improve U leaching efficiency, particularly by adding pyrite into ore. Approach (i) pyrite ores mixing with culture had the highest U concentration and the highest recovery rate of the four approaches. No significant difference was observed between approaches (ii) pyrite tiled on the surface of ores with culture and (iii) no pyrite ores with culture.

Abstract Background Cell division and cell fate decisions regulate organ formation and function in plant growth and development. It is still unclear how specific meristematic regulatory networks operate with the cell cycle machinery to translate stem cell identity and maintenance into cellular behavior. In this study, we address these questions by analysis of a shoot apex defective mutant, namely xcm9. Results Phenotypic analysis of the xcm9 mutant reveals concomitant premature termination of floral shoots with frequent bifurcation of the shoot apices, stems, and flowers. Microscopic observations show irregular cell organization in shoot apical meristems of xcm9. Positional cloning revealed that xcm9 is a loss of function allele of the CCS52A2/FZR1 gene, which has previously been implicated in root development. Expression analysis demonstrated that CCS52A2 maintains a higher transcriptional expression level in actively dividing tissue. Genetic studies indicated that the CCS52A2 gene functions together with WUSCHEL (WUS) and CLAVATA3 (CLV3) in regulating the development of the shoot meristem, and also contributes to this regulation together with the chromatin remodeling pathway. In addition, fewer xcm9 cells express CYCLIN B1:1, showing that cell cycle progression is disrupted in the mutant. Conclusion We propose that the CCS52A2 gene is a mediator that functions together with meristematic genes to regulate meristem organization, and cross-functions with chromatin regulators in cell cycle progression during shoot apical meristem development.

Centromere protein A (CENP‐A), a centromere‐specific histone H3 variant, is crucial for kinetochore positioning and chromosome segregation. However, its regulatory mechanism in human cells remains incompletely understood. A structure‐activity relationship (SAR) study of the cell‐cycle‐arresting indole terpenoid mimic JP18 leads to the discovery of two more potent analogs, (+)‐6‐Br‐JP18 and (+)‐6‐Cl‐JP18. Tubulin is identified as a potential cellular target of these halogenated analogs by using the drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) based method. X‐ray crystallography analysis reveals that both molecules bind to the colchicine‐binding site of β‐tubulin. Treatment of human cells with microtubule‐targeting agents (MTAs), including these two compounds, results in CENP‐A accumulation by destabilizing Cdh1, a co‐activator of the anaphase‐promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) E3 ubiquitin ligase. This study establishes a link between microtubule dynamics and CENP‐A accumulation using small‐molecule tools and highlights the role of Cdh1 in CENP‐A proteolysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an emerging geophysical exploration technology in recent years, airborne electromagnetic exploration has the advantages of adapting to diverse terrains, wide coverage, and providing a large amount of electromagnetic data, and can be applied to the rapid collection of large amounts of data. Scenarios are often used in fields such as deep geological structures, mineral resource exploration, and environmental engineering research. However, traditional airborne electromagnetic data inversion technology usually takes a long time to process a large amount of airborne electromagnetic data, and it is difficult to remove the noise in the later signals. Therefore, this paper proposes a multi-task learning network structure based on Transformer. By constraining the two network branches of imaging and denoising, a sub-network with simultaneous denoising and imaging is established to process aeronautical electromagnetic data. The noise test set is introduced for testing. This model achieved a 582.61% signal-to-noise ratio improvement in smooth Gaussian noise denoising, and a 129.69% and 112.74% signal-to-noise ratio improvement in non-smooth Gaussian noise and random impulse noise denoising, respectively. The method proposed in this article overcomes the shortcomings of traditional inversion imaging such as slow speed and low resolution, and at the same time eliminates the influence of noise in airborne electromagnetic data. This is of great significance for the application of deep learning in the field of geophysical exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Panus is a typical wood-rotting fungi, which plays considerable roles in ecosystems and has significant economic value. The genus Panus currently consists of more than 100 species; however, only eight species have been reported from China. This study aims to distinguish and describe two novel species from the Panus similis complex, namely Panus minisporus and Panus baishanzuensis, one new record species from Zhejiang Province, Panus similis and three common species, Panus conchatus, Panus neostrigosus and Panus rudis, based on detailed morphological and phylogenetic studies, relying on Chinese specimens. Panus minisporus is characterised by its reddish-brown pileus, decurrent lamellae with cross-veins, slender stipe, smaller basidiospores, wider generative hyphae and absence of sclerocystidia. Panus baishanzuensis is featured by its pileus with concentric and darker ring zone, decurrent lamellae with cross-veins, shorter stipe, longer basidiospores, diverse and shorter cheilocystidia and smaller sclerocystidia. Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions, large subunit nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nLSU) and translation elongation factor 1-α gene (tef-1α) were employed to perform a thorough phylogenetic analysis for genus Panus and related genera, using Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood analysis. The results indicate that Panus minisporus and Panus baishanzuensis form two independent clades within the Panus similis complex themselves. Detailed descriptions, taxonomic notes, illustrations etc. were provided. In addition, a key to the reported species of Panus from China is also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Postoperative sleep disorder (PSD) and delirium, which may be associated with surgery and inhalational anesthetics, induce adverse effects in old adults. Emerging evidence indicates that circadian rhythm contributes to various neuropathological diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. Thus, we analyzed the potential role of circadian rhythm in PSD and delirium‐like behavior in aged mice and determined whether exogenous melatonin could facilitate entrainment of the circadian rhythm after laparotomy under sevoflurane anesthesia. Methods: We selected old C57BL/6J mice which receiving laparotomy/sevoflurane anesthesia as model animals. We employed buried food, open field, and Y maze test to assess delirium‐like behavior, and electroencephalography/electromyography (EEG/EMG) were used to investigate sleep changes. We analyzed the transcription rhythm of clock genes in superchiasmatic nucleus (SCN) to explore the effects of surgery and melatonin pretreatment on the circadian rhythm. Then, we measured melatonin receptor levels in SCN and ERK/CREB pathway‐related proteins in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex to assess their role in PSDs and delirium‐like behavior. Results: Laparotomy under sevoflurane anesthesia had a greater influence than sevoflurane alone, leading to sleep disorder, a shift in sleep–wake rhythm, and delirium‐like behavior. Bmal1, Clock, and Cry1 mRNA expression showed a peak shift, MT1 melatonin receptor expression level was increased in the SCN, and p‐ERK/ERK and p‐CREB/CREB were decreased in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of aged mice 1 day after laparotomy. Melatonin showed significant efficacy in ameliorating PSD and delirium‐like behavior and restoring the circadian rhythm, reversing melatonin receptor and ERK/CREB pathway expression abnormalities. In addition, most of the beneficial effect of melatonin was antagonized by luzindole, a melatonin receptor antagonist. Conclusions: Melatonin receptors in SCN, circadian rhythm, and ERK/CREB signaling pathway participate in the pathophysiological processes of PSD and delirium‐like behavior. Melatonin intervention could be a potential preventative approach for PSD and delirium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]