Search

Using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) and the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), we analyze the health gap between married and unmarried individuals of working-age. Controlling for observables, we find a gap that peaks at 10% points at ages 55–59 years. The marriage health gap is similar for men and women. If we allow for unobserved heterogeneity in innate health (permanent and age-dependent), potentially correlated with timing and likelihood of marriage, we find that the effect of marriage on health disappears below age 40 years, while about 5% points difference between married and unmarried individuals remains at older ages (55–59 years). This indicates that the observed gap is mainly driven by selection into marriage at younger ages, but there might be a protective effect of marriage at older ages. Exploring the mechanisms behind this result, we find that better innate health is associated with a higher probability of marriage and a lower probability of divorce, and there is strong assortative mating among couples by innate health. We also find that married individuals are more likely to have a healthier behavior compared to unmarried ones. Finally, we find that health insurance is critical for the beneficial effect of marriage.

Using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) and the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), we analyze the health gap between married and unmarried individuals of working-age. Controlling for observables, we find a gap that peaks at 10% points at ages 55–59 years. The marriage health gap is similar for men and women. If we allow for unobserved heterogeneity in innate health (permanent and age-dependent), potentially correlated with timing and likelihood of marriage, we find that the effect of marriage on health disappears below age 40 years, while about 5% points difference between married and unmarried individuals remains at older ages (55–59 years). This indicates that the observed gap is mainly driven by selection into marriage at younger ages, but there might be a protective effect of marriage at older ages. Exploring the mechanisms behind this result, we find that better innate health is associated with a higher probability of marriage and a lower probability of divorce, and there is strong assortative mating among couples by innate health. We also find that married individuals are more likely to have a healthier behavior compared to unmarried ones. Finally, we find that health insurance is critical for the beneficial effect of marriage.

Recent literature analysing wage effects of immigration assumes labour supply is fixed across education-experience cells. This article departs from this assumption estimating a labour market equilibrium dynamic discrete choice model on U.S. micro-data for 1967–2007. Individuals adjust to immigration by changing education, participation, and/or occupation. Adjustments are heterogeneous: 4.2–26.2% of prime-aged native males change their careers; of them, some switch to white-collar careers and increase education by about three years; others reduce labour market attachment and reduce education also by about three years. These adjustments mitigate initial effects on wages and inequality. Natives that are more similar to immigrants are the most affected on impact, but also have a larger margin to adjust and differentiate. Adjustments also produce a self-selection bias in the estimation of wage effects at the lower tail of the distribution, which the model corrects.

Este estudio utiliza datos de dos encuestas de individuos en Estados Unidos, el Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) y el Medical Expenses Panel Survey (MEPS), para analizar posibles diferencias en el estado de salud entre las personas casadas y las solteras, ambas en edad de trabajar. Cuando se comparan individuos con la misma edad, renta, educación, sexo y raza, se encuentra que las personas casadas declaran un estado de salud superior al de las solteras. Esta diferencia es aproximadamente de 5 puntos porcentuales en edades de 35-40 años y aumenta hasta 10 puntos porcentuales en edades de 55-59 años. El mejor estado de salud entre los casados es similar para hombres y mujeres. Por otra parte, una vez se mantienen constantes las diferencias no observadas en la salud innata (modelizadas como una variable latente que varía con la edad, y que está potencialmente correlacionada entre periodos y con la probabilidad de estar casado) encontramos que el efecto positivo del matrimonio sobre la salud desaparece entre los jóvenes (hasta 40 años), mientras que se sitúa alrededor de 5 puntos porcentuales en edades más avanzadas (entre los 55 y 59 años). Estos resultados indican que los diferenciales observados se deben principalmente a un sesgo de selección a edades tempranas, pero que puede haber un efecto protector del matrimonio a edades avanzadas. Explorando los mecanismos existentes detrás de este resultado, encontramos que una mejor salud innata se asocia con una mayor probabilidad de estar casado y una menor probabilidad de divorciarse, y que existe un fuerte emparejamiento selectivo de las parejas según su salud innata. También encontramos que las personas casadas tienen una mayor probabilidad de seguir comportamientos saludables que las solteras. Finalmente, encontramos que la tenencia de un seguro médico es una variable muy importante a la hora de explicar el efecto beneficioso del matrimonio sobre la salud, Using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) and the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), we analyze the health gap between married and unmarried individuals of working-age. Controlling for observables, we find a gap that peaks at 10 percentage points at ages 55-59 years. The marriage health gap is similar for men and women. If we allow for unobserved heterogeneity in innate health (permanent and age-dependent), potentially correlated with timing and likelihood of marriage, we find that the effect of marriage on health disappears below age 40 years, while about 5 percentage points difference between married and unmarried individuals remains at older ages (55-59 years). This indicates that the observed gap is mainly driven by selection into marriage at younger ages, but there might be a protective effect of marriage at older ages. Exploring the mechanisms behind this result, we find that better innate health is associated with a higher probability of marriage and a lower probability of divorce, and there is strong assortative mating among couples by innate health. We also find that married individuals are more likely to have a healthier behavior compared to unmarried ones. Finally, we find that health insurance is critical for the benefi cial effect of marriage

In this paper I present a new database of bilateral migrant stocks and I provide new evidence on the determinants of international migration. The new Census-based data are obtained from National Statistical Offices of 24 OECD countries, and they cover the total stock of immigrants in each destination country for 1960–2000, including 188 countries of origin, sometimes in grouped categories. For each census, I keep grouped categories in a raw manner, without making imputations to specific origin countries. In the empirical analysis, I give an explicit treatment to these grouped categories. Results present strong evidence of heterogeneous effects of income gains on migration prospects depending on distance. For example, a 1000$ increase in US income per capita increases the stock of Mexican immigrants in the country by a percentage 2.6 times larger than the percentage increase in the stock of Chinese (8 vs. 3.1 %).

Este proyecto consiste en la elaboración de un plan de adecuación para el alumbrado público del municipio de Sabadell. Partiendo de las instalaciones actuales como situación inicial se realizará un inventariado de las mismas, posteriormente mediante simulaciones y visitas al municipio se tomarán las medidas correspondientes para comprobar el grado de iluminación de cada una de las vías. Aplicando la Ley 6/2001 de 31 de Mayo se zonificará todo el municipio en función de la iluminación máxima admisible en cada una de sus vías según la anteriormente citada Ley y se revisarán que los diferentes tipos de luminarias instaladas y sus respectivas lámparas cumplan también con la Ley 6/2001. En todos aquellos puntos en los que la instalación de iluminación existente no cumpla la mencionada Ley se propondrán actuaciones para su adecuación.