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Macroeconomic policy and industrial sector performance have been at the centre of economic discourse in recent times. The general assumption is that macroeconomic policy instruments can enhance performance of the real sector. We examined the short and long run effects, of specific policy instruments combination, on each industrial sub-sector by decomposing industry into three major parts. The nonlinear ARDL bound test approach to co-integration is employed as estimation technique. It was found that a long-run bound relationship exists between selected policy variables and each industrial sub-sector. Error correction terms show that short run disequilibrium can be corrected in the long run without extended lag period. Financial deepening, exchange rate depreciation and economic openness are significant in the long run while monetary policy rate is effective in the short run. Deepening of financial system and prudential management of macroeconomic framework are recommended essential for industrial growth in Nigeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examined the role of macroeconomic variables such real investments, trade openness, exchange rate, inflation rate, real per capital income, oil revenue in enhancing economic diversification and preventing resources curse hypothesis. It also established the threshold level for investment and the cost of avoiding the oil resource curse hypothesis for effective diversification in an oil rich African developing economy like Nigeria. Normalised Hirschman Index was used to determine degree of diversification while conventional fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) to estimate the models. The result showed that the systematic variation in diversification index is caused by variation in exchange rate, trade openness, inflation, gross fixed capital formation and gross domestic product and the results were not sensitive to model specification and estimation technique. The result confirmed the resource hypothesis. It is also established that there as much as 16% deficit in investment as the economy required a minimum of 30% investment as ratio GDP. Similarly, per capital income needed to stimulate economic diversification need to be raised beyond a threshold of $1380.3 billion for effective diversification. The main policy implication is that investment level and per capita income must be greater than this threshold if the vicious circle poverty and sustainable development is to be achieved in Nigeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unlabelled: IgG4-related hypophysitis is a recently described entity belonging to the group of IgG4-related diseases. Many other organs can also be affected, and it is more common in older men. To date, 32 cases of IgG4-related hypophysitis have been reported in the literature, 11 of which included confirmatory tissue biopsy and the majority affecting multiple organs. The aim of this report is to present two cases of biopsy-proven IgG4-related hypophysitis occurring in two young female patients with no evidence of involvement of other organs at the time of diagnosis., Learning Points: IgG4-related hypophysitis belongs to the group of IgG4-related diseases, and is a fibro-inflammatory condition characterized by dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates rich in IgG4-positive plasma cells and storiform fibrosis.It is more common in older men, but young women may also present this type of hypophysitis.Although involvement of other organs is frequent, isolated pituitary disease is possible.Frequent clinical manifestations include anterior hypopituitarism and/or diabetes insipidus.THE DIAGNOSIS MAY BE CONFIRMED WITH ANY OF THE FOLLOWING CRITERIA: a pituitary biopsy with lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates, with more than ten IgG4-positive cells; a sellar mass and/or thickened pituitary stalk and a biopsy-proven involvement of another organ; a sellar mass and/or thickened pituitary stalk and IgG4 serum levels >140 mg/dl and sellar mass reduction and symptom improvement after corticosteroid treatment.Glucocorticoids are recommended as first-line therapy.