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In data handling, security and privacy are essential for database administrators and users that own their information. Information about security models or architectures was analyzed for databases that minimize Cyber Attacks. The problem is that security models deployed in databases in public organizations suffer from computer attacks due to vulnerabilities in their security management systems. Data providers often publish the information for research purposes, publishing compromises on the privacy of the data of users registered in the entities. There are many security techniques for databases based on data encryption processes in transactions, however, the techniques found compromise information. The development of the document used the deductive method and exploratory research technique that allows us to study the information in the articles presented. In this document we have proposed a Security Model Assessment Prototype for Databases, a Prototype of Security Management Architecture in Blockchain for a Database, a Database Security Algorithm, a Logical Structure of the Management System in Blockchain, and a Prototype to mitigate cyberattacks. The use of a hybrid blockchain model provides the system with the optimal security that public organizations in relation to test results performed with a 99.50% security effectiveness. The simulations presented in this document were conducted based on in-depth studies and the data were randomly placed with a range according to the study results based on real-world situations.

Public organizations have the ongoing task of properly managing the security of the information they handle. The objective of this research is to analyze the security standards adopted by public organizations in Ecuador to improve their management of information security. The deductive method was applied for the review and analysis of appropriate standards for public institutions. As a result, information was obtained on the different security policies, standards and guidelines that apply, national and international public organizations. A Diagram of activities for the adoption of standards for public organizations resulted; a prototype standards-based Information Security Management Model; and an Information Security Management Matrix, from which the Risk Mitigation Percentage was calculated. It was concluded that maintaining high levels of security in public organizations requires the adoption of control standards in different areas and the collaboration of the different organizational and hierarchical levels of public organizations.

Security and privacy problems in information management are evident in public organizations. The objective of this research is the analisys risks that these organizations run, since computer attacks have increased along with both internal and external threats. Causing information and database thefts, there are risk analysis methodologies which are oriented to the objective for the preservation of guaranteeing the security and privacy of the information. Were used the deductive method and exploratory research to analyze the articles in the references and in the information available online and MAGERIT methodology what protects the information in its integrity, confidentiality and availability guaranteeing the security of the system and processes of public organizations. It turned out a Control of Security and Privacy factors, Threat Probability, Risk Assessment Formula, Prototype of Risk Management for Public Organizations and Privacy and security factor formula. It was concluded that MAGERIT is an alternative what allow mitigate the vulnerabilitys, threat and risks its processes in public organizations for protecting their information.

The problems of cybersecurity, cyberbullying in social networks worldwide are persistent and increasingly evident and prejudicial to society regardless of age or sex; during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Ecuador study case can show negative and psychological impacts; another of the radical problems is the information security of public organizations for strategic decision making in natural or anthropogenic disasters in Ecuador, has caused serious problems to generate public policies with effectiveness and efficiency in health, education, basic services among others. The objective of the study is to identify cybersecurity problems, cyberbullying in social networks and present alternatives to improve information security in public organizations during a pandemic. It was used deductive method and exploratory research were to analyze the information. Turned out the early evaluation in the identification of cyberattack, cyberbullying and positive, negative and psychological impacts of the use of social networks during the pandemic and a prototype of a National System of Public Data Registration based on Blockchain to improve management of risks against natural or anthropogenic disasters in Ecuador. It was concluded that for making decisions effectively, efficiently at the strategic level during a pandemic such as COVID-19 or any other natural disaster, the most important thing in the first instance is to have information with integrity, to carry out adequate planning according to the reality of each country.

Currently, information security is among the main characteristics that must be achieved within the security of private and public organizations worldwide. For this reason, globally recognized algorithms such as the AES, IDEA, RC5, DES, RSA are researched with the aim of identifying the most suitable and obtaining a greater degree of security and speed of encryption in order to mitigate the information vulnerabilities between processes and be applied as a feasible alternative in an electoral process. The deductive method was used to analyze the information obtained in the references. After the study it is possible to conclude that to improve security in the processes of public organizations in Ecuador it is necessary to implement cryptographic mechanisms.

The problems of information security in public organizations in Ecuador are evident, which, as a result, have led to corruptions that are present at all levels of operational, tactical and strategic management. The objective of this chapter is to analyze the available information found in different media, written, spoken, among others. The deductive method was used for the collection of information and observation techniques. It turned out the improve in the administrative processes, prototype diagram of sequence of access of users and services, prototype of integration of technologies of security of the information for public organizations of Ecuador. It was concluded that to avoid corruption in a country change should happen at all levels: the way of thinking and culture of the inhabitants, laws, penalties to politicians without parliamentary immunity, application of information and communications technologies (ICT) in an appropriate manner, and complying with international standards in information security. To improve information security, administrative policies on information security must be changed, and technologies related to immutable security algorithms, Ledger, Hyperledger, etc., must be used.

The problems in information security regarding vulnerabilities, threats and risks in voting systems for popular election in Latin America and the world persist; because in most of the countries of the world there is no maturity in democracy and defined policies; the problems of confidentiality, integrity and authenticity in the electoral processes can be evidenced. The objective is to perform the analysis to identify the threats, risks and weaknesses in electoral systems in Latin American countries and determine which of the systems used by different countries may be appropriate, to be considered as an alternative. The deductive method and exploratory research has been used to perform the analysis of the articles and information regarding electoral processes. It resulted in a description in statistical tables of the threats and weaknesses that must be examined to implement a system for electoral voting; considering the culture, technological availability and social conditions of each country. It was concluded that to mitigate the potential risks of the information, it is necessary to identify the weaknesses in the electronic voting system to improve the integrity and security of the electoral process; made in the last three presidential elections in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador.