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Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) display excellent strength, high hardness, exceptional wear resistance and corrosion resistance owing to its amorphous structure. However, the manufacturing of large-sized and complex shaped BMG parts faces significant difficulties, which seriously hinders their applications. Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is a typical additive manufacturing (AM) technique with a cooling rate of up to 108 K/s, which not only allows for the formation of amorphous structures but also solves the forming problem of complex-shaped BMG parts. In recent years, a large amount of work has been carried out on the LPBF processing of BMGs. This review mainly summarizes the latest progress in the field of LPBF additively manufactured BMGs focusing on their mechanical properties. We first briefly review the BMG alloy systems that have been additively manufactured using LPBF, then the mechanical properties of LPBF-fabricated BMGs including the micro- and nano-hardness, micropillar compressive performance, and macro-compressive and tensile performance are clarified. Next, the relationship between the mechanical properties and microstructure of BMGs produced via LPBF are analyzed. Finally, the measures for improving the mechanical properties of LPBF-fabricated BMGs are discussed. This review can provide readers with an essential comprehension of the structural and mechanical properties of LPBF-manufactured BMGs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, in order to study the dynamic behavior of the three-body interaction, the generalized Kuramoto model with bimodal frequency distribution under the joint interaction of two-body and three-body is proposed. The comparative numerical results of the phase synchronization paths of the three-body interaction under different coupling strengths show that the three-body interaction can transform the continuous transition process into the first-order transition process. Interestingly, the change from continuous to discontinuous transition due to the variation of the coupling strength of the three-body interaction is similar to the shape of the bimodal distribution of the natural frequency. The critical coupling strength of the two-body interaction of synchronous transition is derived from the Ott–Antonsen–Ansatz method. The numerical results are consistent with the theoretical ones. The findings help our understanding of the transformation process from being continuous to discontinuous. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To investigate the clinical significance of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 19 (USP19) expression in gastric cancer (GC) compared with that in normal tissues and gastric cell lines. Methods: USP19 protein expression was analyzed in 212 paired GC samples using immunohistochemical staining. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were used to detect the level of USP19 in gastric cell lines. The biological functions of USP19 were investigated by MTT assay, colony-forming assay, wound healing assay and gelatin zymography, and apoptotic cells were detected by immunohistochemistry assays in SGC7901 xenograft models. Results: USP19 expression was significantly increased in GC cells and tissues, and the high level of USP19 expression was positively correlated with the Lauren's classification and poor prognosis. Moreover, USP19 was identified as a novel independent prognostic biomarker in GC patients. Enhanced USP19 expression promoted GC cell proliferation and metastasis through reduced cleaved caspase-3 and increased MMP2/MMP9 expression and promoted enzyme activity in the study, and verified the results through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and bioinformatic websites from the Kaplan–Meier plotter (http://kmplot.com) and GEPIA (http://gepia2.cancer-pku.cn.). Conclusion: Our study suggests that USP19 promoted tumor progression by inducing MMP2/MMP9 expression and related enzyme activity. Hence, USP19 may be a valuable prognostic predictor for GC, and the USP19-MMP2/MMP9 axis could serve as a therapeutic target. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]