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16 results on '"MESH: Carotid Artery Diseases"'

1. Rivaroxaban with or without aspirin in patients with stable peripheral or carotid artery disease: an international, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Author

Sonia S Anand, Jackie Bosch, John W Eikelboom, Stuart J Connolly, Rafael Diaz, Peter Widimsky, Victor Aboyans, Marco Alings, Ajay K Kakkar, Katalin Keltai, Aldo P Maggioni, Basil S Lewis, Stefan Störk, Jun Zhu, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Martin O'Donnell, Patrick J Commerford, Dragos Vinereanu, Nana Pogosova, Lars Ryden, Keith A A Fox, Deepak L Bhatt, Frank Misselwitz, John D Varigos, Thomas Vanassche, Alvaro A Avezum, Edmond Chen, Kelley Branch, Darryl P Leong, Shrikant I Bangdiwala, Robert G Hart, Salim Yusuf, JORGELINA SALA, LUIS CARTASEGNA, MARISA VICO, MIGUEL ANGEL HOMINAL, EDUARDO HASBANI, ALBERTO CACCAVO, CESAR ZAIDMAN, DANIEL VOGEL, ADRIAN HRABAR, PABLO OMAR SCHYGIEL, CARLOS CUNEO, HUGO LUQUEZ, IGNACIO J. MACKINNON, RODOLFO ANDRES AHUAD GUERRERO, JUAN PABLO COSTABEL, INES PALMIRA BARTOLACCI, OSCAR MONTANA, MARIA BARBIERI, OSCAR GOMEZ VILAMAJO, RUBEN OMAR GARCIA DURAN, LILIA BEATRIZ SCHIAVI, MARCELO GARRIDO, ADRIAN INGARAMO, ANSELMO PAULINO BORDONAVA, MARIA JOSE PELAGAGGE, LEONARDO NOVARETTO, JUAN PABLO ALBISU DI GENNERO, LUZ MARIA IBANEZ SAGGIA, MOIRA ALVAREZ, NESTOR ALEJANDRO VITA, STELLA MARIS MACIN, RICARDO DARIO DRAN, MARCELO CARDONA, LUIS GUZMAN, RODOLFO JUAN SARJANOVICH, JESUS CUADRADO, SEBASTIAN NANI, MARCOS RAUL LITVAK BRUNO, CAROLINA CHACON, LAURA ELENA MAFFEI, DIEGO GRINFELD, NATALIA VENSENTINI, CLAUDIO RODOLFO MAJUL, HECTOR LUCAS LUCIARDI, PATRICIA DEL CARMEN GONZALEZ COLASO, FREDY ANTONI FERRE PACORA, PAUL VAN DEN HEUVEL, PETER VERHAMME, BAVO ECTOR, PHILIPPE DEBONNAIRE, PHILIPPE VAN DE BORNE, JEAN LEROY, HERMAN SCHROE, PASCAL VRANCKX, IVAN ELEGEERT, ETIENNE HOFFER, KARL DUJARDIN, CLARISSE INDIO DO BRASIL, DALTON PRECOMA, JOSE ANTONIO ABRANTES, EULER MANENTI, GILMAR REIS, JOSE SARAIVA, LILIA MAIA, MAURO HERNANDES, PAULO ROSSI, FABIO ROSSI DOS SANTOS, SERGIO LUIZ ZIMMERMANN, RAFAEL RECH, EDUARDO ABIB JR, PAULO LEAES, ROBERTO BOTELHO, OSCAR DUTRA, WEIMAR SOUZA, MARIA BRAILE, NILO IZUKAWA, JOSE CARLOS NICOLAU, LUIZ FERNANDO TANAJURA, CARLOS VICENTE SERRANO JUNIOR, CESAR MINELLI, LUIZ ANTONIO NASI, LIVIA OLIVEIRA, MARCELO JOSE DE CARVALHO CANTARELLI, RICHARD TYTUS, SHEKHAR PANDEY, EVA LONN, JAMES CHA, SAUL VIZEL, MOHAN BABAPULLE, ANDRE LAMY, KEVIN SAUNDERS, JOSEPH BERLINGIERI, BOB KIAII, RAKESH BHARGAVA, PRAVINSAGAR MEHTA, LAURIE HILL, DAVID FELL, ANDY LAM, FAISAL AL-QOOFI, CRAIG BROWN, ROBERT PETRELLA, JOSEPH A RICCI, ANTHONY GLANZ, NICOLAS NOISEUX, KEVIN BAINEY, FATIMA MERALI, MICHAEL HEFFERNAN, ANTHONY DELLA SIEGA, GILLES R DAGENAIS, FRANCOIS DAGENAIS, STEEVE BRULOTTE, MICHEL NGUYEN, MICHAEL HARTLEIB, RANDOLPH GUZMAN, RONALD BOURGEOIS, DENNIS RUPKA, YAARIV KHAYKIN, GILBERT GOSSELIN, THAO HUYNH, CLAUDE PILON, JEAN CAMPEAU, FRANCIS PICHETTE, ARIEL DIAZ, JAMES JOHNSTON, PRAVIN SHUKLE, GREGORY HIRSCH, PAUL RHEAULT, WLODZIMIERZ CZARNECKI, ANNIE ROY, SHAH NAWAZ, STEPHEN FREMES, DINKAR SHUKLA, GABRIEL JANO, JORGE LEONARDO COBOS, RAMON CORBALAN, MARCELO MEDINA, LEONARDO NAHUELPAN, CARLOS RAFFO, LUIS PEREZ, SERGIO POTTHOFF, BENJAMIN STOCKINS, PABLO SEPULVEDA, CHRISTIAN PINCETTI, MARGARITA VEJAR, HONGYAN TIAN, XUESI WU, YUANNAN KE, KAIYING JIA, PENGFEI YIN, ZHAOHUI WANG, LITIAN YU, SHULIN WU, ZONGQUI WU, SHAO WEN LIU, XIAO JUAN BAI, YANG ZHENG, PING YANG, YUN MEI YANG, JIWEI ZHANG, JUNBO GE, XIAO PING CHEN, JUNXIA LI, TAO HONG HU, RUIYAN ZHANG, ZHE ZHENG, XIN CHEN, LIANG TAO, JIANPING LI, WEIJIAN HUANG, GUOSHENG FU, CHUNJIAN LI, YUGANG DONG, CHUNSHENG WANG, XINMIN ZHOU, YE KONG, ARISTIDES SOTOMAYOR, JOSE LUIS ACCINI MENDOZA, HENRY CASTILLO, MIGUEL URINA, GUSTAVO AROCA, MARITZA PEREZ, DORA INES MOLINA DE SALAZAR, GREGORIO SANCHEZ VALLEJO, MANZUR J FERNANDO, HENRY GARCIA, LUIS HERNANDO GARCIA, EDGAR ARCOS, JUAN GOMEZ, FRANCISCO CUERVO MILLAN, FREDY ALBERTO TRUJILLO DADA, BORIS VESGA, GUSTAVO ADOLFO MORENO SILGADO, EVA ZIDKOVA, JEAN-CLAUDE LUBANDA, MARKETA KALETOVA, RADIM KRYZA, GABRIEL MARCINEK, MAREK RICHTER, JINDRICH SPINAR, JIRI MATUSKA, MARTIN TESAK, ZUZANA MOTOVSKA, MARIAN BRANNY, JIRI MALY, MARTIN MALY, MARTIN WIENDL, LENKA FOLTYNOVA CAISOVA, JOSEF SLABY, PETR VOJTISEK, JAN PIRK, LENKA SPINAROVA, MIROSLAVA BENESOVA, JULIA CANADYOVA, MIROSLAV HOMZA, JINDRICH FLORIAN, ROSTISLAV POLASEK, ZDENEK COUFAL, VLADIMIRA SKALNIKOVA, RADIM BRAT, MIROSLAV BRTKO, PETR JANSKY, JAROSLAV LINDNER, PAVEL MARCIAN, ZBYNEK STRAKA, MARTIN TRETINA, YAN CARLOS DUARTE, FREDDY POW CHON LONG, MAYRA SANCHEZ, JOSE LOPEZ, CARMITA PERUGACHI, RICARDO MARMOL, FREDDY TRUJILLO, PABLO TERAN, JAAKKO TUOMILEHTO, HENRI TUOMILEHTO, MARJA-LEENA TUOMINEN, ILKKA KANTOLA, GABRIEL STEG, VICTOR ABOYANS, FLORENCE LECLERCQ, EMILE FERRARI, FRANCK BOCCARA, EMMANUEL MESSAS, PATRICK MISMETTI, MARIE ANTOINETTE SEVESTRE, GUILLAUME CAYLA, PASCAL MOTREFF, STEFAN STOERK, HANS-DIRK DUENGEN, CHRISTOPH STELLBRINK, OSMAN GUEROCAK, CHRISTOPH KADEL, RUEDIGER BRAUN-DULLAEUS, MICHAEL JESERICH, CHRISTIAN OPITZ, HANS-FRIEDRICH VOEHRINGER, KARL-FRIEDRICH APPEL, BERNHARD WINKELMANN, THOMAS DORSEL, SIGRID NIKOL, HARALD DARIUS, JURGEN RANFT, SEBASTIAN SCHELLONG, WOLFGANG JUNGMAIR, PIROZE DAVIERWALA, MARC VORPAHL, LASZLO BAJNOK, ZOLTAN LASZLO, EBRAHIM NOORI, GABOR VERESS, ANDRAS VERTES, ANDRAS ZSARY, ERNO KIS, LASZLO KORANYI, JUDIT BAKAI, ZOLTAN BODA, FERENC POOR, ZOLTAN JARAI, VENDEL KEMENY, JOHN BARTON, BRENDAN MCADAM, ANDREW MURPHY, PETER CREAN, NIALL MAHON, RONAN CURTIN, BRIAIN MACNEILL, SEAN DINNEEN, MAJDI HALABI, REUVEN ZIMLICHMAN, DAVID ZELTSER, YOAV TURGEMAN, ELIEZER KLAINMAN, BASIL LEWIS, AMOS KATZ, SHAUL ATAR, EUGENIA NIKOLSKY, STEFANO BOSI, MONICA NALDI, POMPILIO FAGGIANO, DEBORA ROBBA, LUCIO MOS, GIANFRANCO SINAGRA, FRANCO COSMI, LUIGI OLTRONA VISCONTI, DE MATTEIS CARMINE, GIUSEPPE DI PASQUALE, MATTEO DI BIASE, SARA MANDORLA, MARINO BERNARDINANGELI, GIOVANNI CARLO PICCINNI, MICHELE MASSIMO GULIZIA, MARCELLO GALVANI, FLAVIO VENTURI, GIORGIO MOROCUTTI, MARIA GRAZIA BALDIN, CARLO OLIVIERI, GIAN PIERO PERNA, VINCENZO CIRRINCIONE, TAKAYASU KANNO, HIROYUKI DAIDA, YUKIO OZAKI, NAOMASA MIYAMOTO, SHINICHI HIGASHIUE, HIROSHI DOMAE, SHINOBU HOSOKAWA, HIROO KOBAYASHI, TAKEHIKO KURAMOCHI, KENSHI FUJII, KAZUAKI MIZUTOMI, KEIJIRO SAKU, KAZUO KIMURA, YOSHIHARU HIGUCHI, MITSUNORI ABE, HARUHITO OKUDA, TOSHIYUKI NODA, TERUAKI MITA, ATSUSHI HIRAYAMA, HARUHIKO ONAKA, MORIAKI INOKO, MITSUGU HIROKAMI, MUNENORI OKUBO, YUTAKA AKATSUKA, MIZUHO IMAMAKI, HARUO KAMIYA, MAMORU MANITA, TOSHIHARU HIMI, HIDEKI UENO, YUJI HISAMATSU, JUNYA AKO, YASUHIRO NISHINO, HIDEO KAWAKAMI, YUTAKA YAMADA, YUKIHIRO KORETSUNE, TAKAHISA YAMADA, TETSURO YOSHIDA, HIDEKI SHIMOMURA, NORIYUKI KINOSHITA, AKIHIKO TAKAHASHI, KHALID YUSOFF, WAN AZMAN WAN AHMAD, MUHAMMAD RADZI ABU HASSAN, SAZZLI KASIM, AIZAI AZAN ABDUL RAHIM, DIMON MOHD ZAMRIN, MASAHARU MACHIDA, YORIHIKO HIGASHINO, NORIAKI UTSU, AKIHIKO NAKANO, SHIGERU NAKAMURA, TETSUO HASHIMOTO, KENJI ANDO, TOMOHIRO SAKAMOTO, F.J. PRINS, DIRK LOK, JOHANNES GERT-JAN MILHOUS, ERIC VIERGEVER, FRANK WILLEMS, HENK SWART, MARCO ALINGS, ROB BREEDVELD, KEES-JAN DE VRIES, ROGER VAN DER BORGH, FANNY OEI, STIENEKE ZOET-NUGTEREN, HANS KRAGTEN, JEAN PAUL HERRMAN, PAUL VAN BERGEN, MARCEL GOSSELINK, EDUARD HOEKSTRA, ERWIN ZEGERS, EELKO RONNER, FRANK DEN HARTOG, GERARD BARTELS, PETER NIEROP, COEN VAN DER ZWAAN, JACOB VAN ECK, EDWIN VAN GORSELEN, BJORN GROENEMEIJER, PIETER HOOGSLAG, MARC ROBERT DE GROOT, ALDRIN LOYOLA, DENNIS JOSE SULIT, NANNETTE REY, MARIA TERESA ABOLA, DANTE MORALES, ELLEN PALOMARES, MARC EVANS ABAT, GREGORIO ROGELIO, PHILIP CHUA, JOSE CARLO DEL PILAR, JOHN DENNIS ALCARAZ, GERALDINE EBO, LOUIE TIRADOR, JOSEFINA CRUZ, JOHN ANONUEVO, ARTHUR PITARGUE, MARIANNA JANION, TOMASZ GUZIK, GRZEGORZ GAJOS, MACIEJ ZABOWKA, ANDRZEJ RYNKIEWICZ, MARLENA BRONCEL, ANDRZEJ SZUBA, DANUTA CZARNECKA, PAWEL MAGA, IRINA STRAZHESKO, YURY VASYUK, ZHANNA SIZOVA, YURY POZDNYAKOV, OLGA BARBARASH, MIKHAIL VOEVODA, TATIANA POPONINA, ALEXEY REPIN, IRINA OSIPOVA, ANNA EFREMUSHKINA, NINA NOVIKOVA, OLEG AVERKOV, DMITRY ZATEYSHCHIKOV, ARKADIY VERTKIN, AZA AUSHEVA, PATRICK COMMERFORD, SAADIYA SEEDAT, LOUIS VAN ZYL, JAN ENGELBRECHT, ELLEN MAKONLI MAKOTOKO, CATHARINA ELIZABETH PRETORIUS, ZAID MOHAMED, ADRIAN HORAK, THOMAS MABIN, ERIC KLUG, JANG-HO BAE, CHEOLHO KIM, CHONG-JIN KIM, DONG-SOO KIM, YONG JIN KIM, SEUNGJAE JOO, JONG-WON HA, CHUL SOO PARK, JANG YOUNG KIM, YOUNG-KWON KIM, CHRISTINA JARNERT, THOMAS MOOE, MIKAEL DELLBORG, INGEMAR TORSTENSSON, PER ALBERTSSON, LARS JOHANSSON, FARIS AL-KHALILI, HENRIK ALMROTH, TOMMY ANDERSSON, EMIL PANTEV, BENGT-OLOV TENGMARK, BO LIU, GUNDARS RASMANIS, CARL-MAGNUS WAHLGREN, TIZIANO MOCCETTI, ALEXANDER PARKHOMENKO, VIRA TSELUYKO, VOLODYMYR VOLKOV, OLENA KOVAL, LYUDMYLA KONONENKO, OLEKSANDR PROKHOROV, VALERIY VDOVYCHENKO, ANDRIY BAZYLEVYCH, LEONID RUDENKO, VADYM VIZIR, OLEKSANDR KARPENKO, YAROSLAV MALYNOVSKY, VALENTYNA KOVAL, BORYS STOROZHUK, JAMES COTTON, ASOK VENKATARAMAN, ANDREW MORIARTY, DEREK CONNOLLY, PATRICK DAVEY, ROXY SENIOR, INDERPAUL BIRDI, JOHN CALVERT, PATRICK DONNELLY, JASPER TREVELYAN, JUSTIN CARTER, AARON PEACE, DAVID AUSTIN, NEVILLE KUKREJA, THOMAS HILTON, SUNNY SRIVASTAVA, RONALD WALSH, RONALD FIELDS, JOSEPH HAKAS, EDWARD PORTNAY, HARINDER GOGIA, ABRAHAM SALACATA, JOHN J. HUNTER, J MICHAEL BACHARACH, NICOLAS SHAMMAS, DAMODHAR SURESH, RICKY SCHNEIDER, PAUL GURBEL, SUBHASH BANERJEE, PAUL GRENA, NOEL BEDWELL, STEPHEN SLOAN, STEVEN LUPOVITCH, ANAND SONI, KATHLEEN GIBSON, RENEE SANGRIGOLI, RAJENDRA MEHTA, PETER I-HSUAN TSAI, EVE GILLESPIE, STEPHEN DEMPSEY, GLENN HAMROFF, ROBERT BLACK, ELLIS LADER, JOHN B. KOSTIS, VERA BITTNER, WILLIAM MCGUINN, KELLEY BRANCH, VINAY MALHOTRA, STEPHEN MICHAELSON, MICHAEL VACANTE, MATTHEW MCCORMICK, RALUCA ARIMIE, ALAN CAMP, GEORGE DAGHER, N. MATHEW KOSHY, STEPHEN THEW, FREDERICK COSTELLO, MARK HEIMAN, ROBERT CHILTON, MICHAEL MORAN, FREDRIC ADLER, ANTHONY COMEROTA, ANDREW SEIWERT, WILLIAM FRENCH, HARVEY SEROTA, ROBERT HARRISON, FAISAL BAKAEEN, SHUAB OMER, LOKESH CHANDRA, ALAN WHELAN, ANDREW BOYLE, PHILIP ROBERTS-THOMSON, JAMES ROGERS, PATRICK CARROLL, DAVID COLQUHOUN, JAMES SHAW, PETER BLOMBERY, JOHN AMERENA, CHRIS HII, ALISTAIR ROYSE, BHUWAN SINGH, JOSEPH SELVANAYAGAM, SHIRLEY JANSEN, WINGCHI LO, CHRISTOPHER HAMMETT, ROHAN POULTER, SESHASAYEE NARASIMHAN, HENRIK WIGGERS, HENRIK NIELSEN, GUNNAR GISLASON, LARS KOBER, KIM HOULIND, VIBEKE BOENELYKKE SOERENSEN, ULRIK DIXEN, JENS REFSGAARD, ELISABETH ZEUTHEN, PETER SOEGAARD, MARIAN HRANAI, LUDOVIT GASPAR, DANIEL PELLA, KATARINA HATALOVA, ERIKA DROZDAKOVA, IOAN COMAN, DOINA DIMULESCU, DRAGOS VINEREANU, MIRCEA CINTEZA, CRINA SINESCU, CATALINA ARSENESCU, IMRE BENEDEK, ELENA BOBESCU, DAN DOBREANU, DAN GAITA, ADRIAN IANCU, ADRIANA ILIESIU, DANIEL LIGHEZAN, LUCIAN PETRESCU, OCTAVIAN PIRVU, IULIA TEODORESCU, DAN TESLOIANU, MARIUS MARCIAN VINTILA, OVIDIU CHIONCEL, Divisions of Cardiology and Thromboembolism McMaster University Hamiton, Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario], Service de Chirurgie Thoracique et Vasculaire - Médecine vasculaire [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale (NET), CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Research Center [Associazione Nazionale Medici Cardiologi Ospedalieri] (ANMCO Research Center), Associazione Nazionale Medici Cardiologi Ospedalieri (ANMCO), Department of Statistics, University of Haifa [Haifa], Cardiology, University and Emergency Hospital, University of Edinburgh, VA Boston Healthcare System, Hamilton General Hospital, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), Cardiology Department, Dipartimento di Bioscienze, University of Parma, University of Barcelona, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Laval University and Hospital Heart and Lung Institute, UVSQ - UFR des sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), University Hospital Brno, Masaryk University, Department of Public Health, Hémostase, bio-ingénierie et remodelage cardiovasculaires (LBPC), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Galilée, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Hôpital Pasteur [Nice] (CHU), Service de Cardiologie [CHU Saint-Antoine], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [APHP], Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC - UMR-S U970), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Groupe de recherche sur la thrombose (GRT (EA 3065)), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nîmes (CHRU Nîmes), CHU Gabriel Montpied (CHU), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Department of Medicine (DEBRECEN - Dpt Medicine), University of Debrecen, University of Trieste, Lab Dev Cell Biol,Bunkyo Ku, The University of Tokyo, The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Regional Specialist Hospital in Wroclaw, Research and Development Centre, Kamienskiego, Division of Angiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra, Cardiocentro Ticino [Lugano], University of Zürich [Zürich] (UZH), Danylo Halytskyi Lviv National Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Sandwell General Hospital, Physiopathologie et thérapie des déficits sensoriels et moteurs, Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-IFR76-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Rigshospitalet [Copenhagen], Université de Médecine Carol Davila, Cardiology Department [Târgu Mureș], University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Târgu Mureș, Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases C.C. Iliescu, Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Associazione Nazionale Medici Cardiologi Ospedalieri [Firenze] (ANMCO), University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), CHU Gabriel Montpied [Clermont-Ferrand], The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), and Copenhagen University Hospital

Subjects
Carotid Artery Diseases, Male, Myocardial Infarction, MESH: Lower Extremity, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, THERAPY, Stroke/epidemiology, MESH: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, 0302 clinical medicine, Rivaroxaban, prevention, Hemorrhage/chemically induced, MESH: Peripheral Arterial Disease, MESH: Double-Blind Method, guidelines, MESH: Incidence, 030212 general & internal medicine, Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality, risk, RISK, MESH: Aged, MESH: Middle Aged, Incidence, General Medicine, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Stroke, MESH: Myocardial Infarction, Lower Extremity, Cardiovascular Diseases, MESH: Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors, Factor Xa Inhibitors/administration & dosage, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, MESH: Factor Xa Inhibitors, OUTPATIENTS, MESH: Rivaroxaban, management, MESH: Hemorrhage, metaanalysis, Lower Extremity/blood supply, Rivaroxaban/administration & dosage, Hemorrhage, MESH: Drug Administration Schedule, Amputation, Surgical, Drug Administration Schedule, MESH: Stroke, Peripheral Arterial Disease, 03 medical and health sciences, Double-Blind Method, atherothrombosis, Myocardial Infarction/epidemiology, MANAGEMENT, Humans, MESH: Amputation, MESH: Aspirin, Aspirin/administration & dosage, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/administration & dosage, METAANALYSIS, Aged, MESH: Humans, Aspirin, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, MESH: Carotid Artery Diseases, MORTALITY, MESH: Cardiovascular Diseases, cardiovascular event rates, PREVENTION, CARDIOVASCULAR EVENT RATES, MESH: Male, outpatients, atrial-fibrillation, MESH: Drug Therapy, Combination, MESH: Morbidity, Carotid Artery Diseases/complications, lower-extremity amputation, Peripheral Arterial Disease/complications, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Morbidity, MESH: Female, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors, Amputation/statistics & numerical data, Factor Xa Inhibitors
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Patients with peripheral artery disease have an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Antiplatelet agents are widely used to reduce these complications.METHODS: This was a multicentre, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial for which patients were recruited at 602 hospitals, clinics, or community practices from 33 countries across six continents. Eligible patients had a history of peripheral artery disease of the lower extremities (previous peripheral bypass surgery or angioplasty, limb or foot amputation, intermittent claudication with objective evidence of peripheral artery disease), of the carotid arteries (previous carotid artery revascularisation or asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis of at least 50%), or coronary artery disease with an ankle-brachial index of less than 0·90. After a 30-day run-in period, patients were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive oral rivaroxaban (2·5 mg twice a day) plus aspirin (100 mg once a day), rivaroxaban twice a day (5 mg with aspirin placebo once a day), or to aspirin once a day (100 mg and rivaroxaban placebo twice a day). Randomisation was computer generated. Each treatment group was double dummy, and the patient, investigators, and central study staff were masked to treatment allocation. The primary outcome was cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction or stroke; the primary peripheral artery disease outcome was major adverse limb events including major amputation. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01776424, and is closed to new participants.FINDINGS: Between March 12, 2013, and May 10, 2016, we enrolled 7470 patients with peripheral artery disease from 558 centres. The combination of rivaroxaban plus aspirin compared with aspirin alone reduced the composite endpoint of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (126 [5%] of 2492 vs 174 [7%] of 2504; hazard ratio [HR] 0·72, 95% CI 0·57-0·90, p=0·0047), and major adverse limb events including major amputation (32 [1%] vs 60 [2%]; HR 0·54 95% CI 0·35-0·82, p=0·0037). Rivaroxaban 5 mg twice a day compared with aspirin alone did not significantly reduce the composite endpoint (149 [6%] of 2474 vs 174 [7%] of 2504; HR 0·86, 95% CI 0·69-1·08, p=0·19), but reduced major adverse limb events including major amputation (40 [2%] vs 60 [2%]; HR 0·67, 95% CI 0·45-1·00, p=0·05). The median duration of treatment was 21 months. The use of the rivaroxaban plus aspirin combination increased major bleeding compared with the aspirin alone group (77 [3%] of 2492 vs 48 [2%] of 2504; HR 1·61, 95% CI 1·12-2·31, p=0·0089), which was mainly gastrointestinal. Similarly, major bleeding occurred in 79 (3%) of 2474 patients with rivaroxaban 5 mg, and in 48 (2%) of 2504 in the aspirin alone group (HR 1·68, 95% CI 1·17-2·40; p=0·0043).INTERPRETATION: Low-dose rivaroxaban taken twice a day plus aspirin once a day reduced major adverse cardiovascular and limb events when compared with aspirin alone. Although major bleeding was increased, fatal or critical organ bleeding was not. This combination therapy represents an important advance in the management of patients with peripheral artery disease. Rivaroxaban alone did not significantly reduce major adverse cardiovascular events compared with asprin alone, but reduced major adverse limb events and increased major bleeding.FUNDING: Bayer AG.

Published
2018

2. Acute thromboses and occlusions of dual layer carotid stents in endovascular treatment of tandem occlusions

Author

Erasmia Broussalis, Michel Piotin, Martin Bendszus, Ansgar Berlis, Hendrik Janssen, Fritz Wodarg, Frank Runck, Raphaël Blanc, Johannes Hensler, Christoph Maurer, Vincent Costalat, Markus A Möhlenbruch, Cyril Dargazanli, Monika Killer-Oberpfalzer, Johannes Pfaff, Heidelberg University Hospital [Heidelberg], University of Augsburg [Augsburg], University of Salzburg, Paracelsus Medizinische Privatuniversität = Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Klinikum Nürnberg Nord, Klinikum Ingolstadt, Hôpital Rothschild [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Département de Neuroradiologie[Montpellier], Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Gui de Chauliac [Montpellier]-Université de Montpellier (UM), Universität Augsburg [Augsburg], University Medical Center of Schleswig–Holstein = Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), and Kiel University

Subjects
Carotid Artery Diseases, Male, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, medicine.medical_treatment, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Risk Factors, Risk Factors, Occlusion, Stent, Stroke, Thrombectomy, MESH: Treatment Outcome, MESH: Aged, MESH: Middle Aged, Endovascular Procedures, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Thrombosis, 3. Good health, Europe, Treatment Outcome, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Female, Stents, Internal carotid artery, Carotid Artery, Internal, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Carotid Artery, Internal, MESH: Endovascular Procedures, [SDV.MHEP.CHI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine.artery, medicine, Humans, MESH: Thrombosis, ddc:610, cardiovascular diseases, Thrombus, Aged, Retrospective Studies, MESH: Humans, MESH: Carotid Artery Diseases, business.industry, MESH: Retrospective Studies, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, Surgery, MESH: Stents, Stenosis, Carotid artery occlusion, MESH: Europe, Neurology (clinical), business, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

PurposeTo evaluate the occurrence and risk factors of acute in-stent thrombosis or stent occlusion in patients with tandem occlusions receiving intracranial mechanical thrombectomy and emergent extracranial internal carotid artery stenting with a dual layer carotid stent.MethodsMulticenter retrospective data collection and analysis of stroke databases of seven comprehensive stroke centers from three European countries.ResultsOverall, 160 patients (mean (SD) age 66 (12) years; 104 men (65%); median (IQR) baseline NIHSS 14 (9–18); IV lysis, n=97 (60.6%)) were treated for a cervical carotid artery occlusion or stenosis using a CASPER stent (MicroVention), and received mechanical thrombectomy for an intracranial occlusion between April 2014 and November 2018. During the procedure or within 72 hours, formation of thrombus and complete occlusion of the CASPER stent was observed in 33/160 (20.8%) and in 12/160 patients (7.5%), respectively. In 25/33 (75.8%) and in 9/12 patients (75%), respectively, this occurred during the procedure. No statistically significant difference was observed between patients with and without thrombus formation with regard to pre-existing long term medication with anticoagulants or intraprocedural administration of heparin, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), or heparin and ASA. Favorable early neurological outcome was similar in patients with (n=15; 45.5%) and without (n=63; 49.6%) thrombus formation at the CASPER stent.ConclusionAcute thrombosis or occlusion of CASPER stents in thrombectomy patients receiving emergent extracranial internal carotid artery stenting for tandem occlusions were observed more often during the procedure than within 72 hours of follow-up, were less frequent then previously reported, and showed no impact on early neurological outcome.

Published
2019

3. Visual Outcomes with Flow-Diverter Stents Covering the Ophthalmic Artery for Treatment of Internal Carotid Artery Aneurysms

Author

O Leclerc, Y. Benayoun, M.-P. Boncoeur, Francesco D'Argento, Aymeric Rouchaud, P.-Y. Robert, S. Saleme, Charbel Mounayer, Y. Camilleri, Service d'Ophtalmologie [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale (NET), Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Service de Radiologie et Imagerie Médicale [CHU Limoges]

Subjects
Carotid Artery Diseases, Male, MESH: Ophthalmic Artery, medicine.medical_treatment, Ophthalmic Artery, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, MESH: Treatment Outcome, Flow diverter, MESH: Aged, MESH: Middle Aged, Interventional, Endovascular Procedures, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Treatment Outcome, cardiovascular system, Optic nerve, Female, Stents, Radiology, Internal carotid artery, Carotid Artery, Internal, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Carotid Artery, Internal, MESH: Endovascular Procedures, education, MESH: Intracranial Aneurysm, Aneurysm, medicine.artery, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, cardiovascular diseases, Endovascular treatment, Aged, MESH: Humans, MESH: Carotid Artery Diseases, business.industry, Stent, Intracranial Aneurysm, MESH: Adult, equipment and supplies, medicine.disease, MESH: Prospective Studies, MESH: Male, Surgery, MESH: Stents, Ophthalmic artery, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Neurology (clinical), business, MESH: Female
Abstract

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Flow-diverting stents can be used to treat intracranial aneurysms that are not amenable to treatment with coils. We analyzed ophthalmic consequences due to coverage of the origin of the ophthalmic artery by flow-diverting stents for the treatment of internal carotid artery aneurysms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From April 2009 to April 2013, the clinical and angiographic outcomes of all 28 patients treated for aneurysms with flow-diverting stents covering the origin of the ophthalmic artery were prospectively collected. The origin of the ophthalmic artery in relation to the target aneurysm was classified by using a 4-type classification. A complete ophthalmic examination was performed by a single ophthalmologist 48 hours before and 1 week after covering the ophthalmic artery. RESULTS: Ophthalmic artery patency was normal at the end of endovascular treatment in 24/28 cases (85.7%). With extensive ophthalmic examinations, 11 patients (39.3%) showed new ophthalmic complications. Patients with the ophthalmic artery originating from the aneurysm sac were at high risk for retinal emboli (4/5, 80%). Patients with the ophthalmic artery originating from the inner curve of the carotid siphon were at high risk for optic nerve ischemic atrophy (3/4, 75%). CONCLUSIONS: This prospective study shows that covering the ophthalmic artery with a flow-diverting stent is not without potential complications. Ophthalmic complications can occur but are often not diagnosed. The anatomic disposition of the ophthalmic artery in relation to the carotid siphon and aneurysm should be clearly understood because some configurations have a higher risk. When not required, covering of the ophthalmic artery by flow-diverting stents should be avoided.

Published
2014

4. Abdominal Aortic Diameter and Vascular Atherosclerosis: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Author

Nicole E. Jensky, Robert Detrano, Nathan D. Wong, Gail A. Laughlin, Victor Aboyans, Matthew A. Allison, Michael H. Criqui, Service de Chirurgie Thoracique et Vasculaire - Médecine vasculaire [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée (NETEC), and Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST FR CNRS 3503)-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)

Subjects
Carotid Artery Diseases, Male, MESH: Dilatation, Pathologic, Epidemiology, MESH: Aorta, Abdominal, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 030230 surgery, MESH: Risk Assessment, MESH: Linear Models, Aortic aneurysm, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, MESH: Risk Factors, Ethnicity, Aorta, Abdominal, 030212 general & internal medicine, Aorta, Ultrasonography, Medicine(all), Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Aged, Body surface area, education.field_of_study, MESH: Middle Aged, medicine.diagnostic_test, Abdominal aorta, Middle Aged, Aortic Aneurysm, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, cardiovascular system, Cardiology, Female, MESH: Ethnic Groups, MESH: Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Dilatation, Pathologic, medicine.medical_specialty, Aortography, Population, Risk Assessment, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies, Aneurysm, Internal medicine, medicine.artery, MESH: United States, medicine, Humans, MESH: Aortography, education, Aged, MESH: Humans, MESH: Carotid Artery Diseases, business.industry, Atherosclerosis, medicine.disease, United States, MESH: Male, MESH: Aortic Aneurysm, Cross-Sectional Studies, Linear Models, Abdomen, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Surgery, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, business, MESH: Female
Abstract

International audience; OBJECTIVES: To gain insight into early mechanisms of aortic widening, we examined associations between the diameter of the abdominal aorta (AD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and biomarkers, as well as measures of subclinical atherosclerosis, in a multi-ethnic population. DESIGN: Cross-sectional cohort. METHODS: A total of 1926 participants (mean age 62, 50% women) underwent chest and abdomen scanning by computed tomography, ultrasound of the carotid arteries, and CVD risk factor assessment. AD was measured 5 cm above and at the bifurcation. RESULTS: In a model containing traditional CVD risk factors, biomarkers and ethnicity, only age (standardized β = 0.97), male sex (β = 1.88), body surface area (standardized β = 0.92), current smoking (β = 0.42), D-dimer levels (β = 0.19) and hypertension (β = 0.53) were independently and significantly associated with increasing AD (in mm) at the bifurcation; use of cholesterol-lowering medications predicted smaller AD (β = -0.70) (P < 0.01 for all). These findings were similar for AD 5 cm above the bifurcation with one exception: compared to Caucasian-Americans, Americans of Chinese, African and Hispanic descent had significantly smaller AD 5 cm above the bifurcation (β's = -0.59, -0.49, and -0.52, respectively, all P < 0.01), whereas AD at the bifurcation did not differ by ethnicity. Physical activity, alcohol consumption, diabetes and levels of IL-6, CRP and homocysteine were not independently associated with AD. Higher aortic and coronary artery calcium burden, but not common carotid artery intima-media thickness, were independently, but modestly (β = 0.11 to 0.19), associated with larger AD. CONCLUSIONS: Incremental widening of the aortic diameter shared some, but not all, risk factors for occlusive vascular disease.

Published
2011

5. Calf Circumference Is Inversely Associated With Carotid Plaques

Author

Dominique Courbon, Philippe Amouyel, Annick Alpérovitch, Jean-François Dartigues, Christophe Tzourio, Pierre Ducimetière, Mahmoud Zureik, Jérôme Gariepy, Nathalie Leone, Karen Ritchie, Stéphanie Debette, Villebrun, Dominique, Troubles cognitifs vasculaires et dégénératifs, Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Physiopathologie et Epidemiologie de l'Insuffisance Respiratoire, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Médecine Préventive Cardiovasculaire, Hôpital Broussais, Neuroépidémiologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Epidémiologie, santé publique et développement, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR99-ISPED, Pathologies du système nerveux : recherche épidémiologique et clinique, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-IFR76-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Recherche en épidémiologie et biostatistique, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Epidémiologie des maladies chroniques : impact des interactions gène environnement sur la santé des populations, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), the Victor Segalen – Bordeaux II University, and Sanofi-Aventis. The Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale

Subjects
Carotid Artery Diseases, Male, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Body Mass Index, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, MESH: Risk Factors, Body Fat Distribution, Medicine, Prospective Studies, Common carotid artery, Stroke, Abdominal obesity, Ultrasonography, MESH: Aged, 2. Zero hunger, Anthropometry, MESH: Waist-Hip Ratio, Circumference, [SDV.MHEP.CSC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, MESH: Leg, Quartile, Body Composition, Cardiology, Female, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Waist, Carotid Artery, Common, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, MESH: Body Mass Index, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies, MESH: Anthropometry, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Internal medicine, medicine.artery, Humans, MESH: Body Fat Distribution, Aged, Advanced and Specialized Nursing, Leg, MESH: Humans, Waist-Hip Ratio, MESH: Carotid Artery Diseases, business.industry, MESH: Body Composition, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, MESH: Prospective Studies, Surgery, Cross-Sectional Studies, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Carotid Artery, Common, Lean body mass, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Neurology (clinical), business, MESH: Female, Body mass index
Abstract

Background and Purpose— The association of carotid atherosclerosis with body composition and fat distribution is poorly understood. We aimed to test the cross-sectional association of carotid plaques and common carotid artery intima-media thickness with calf circumference (CC), representing peripheral fat and lean mass, and with waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio, 2 markers of abdominal obesity. Methods— The study was performed on 6265 subjects aged ≥65 years recruited prospectively from the electoral rolls of 3 French cities. Ultrasound examination and anthropometric measures were performed according to a standardized protocol. Results— Carotid plaques were less frequent with increasing CC, the ORs for the second, third, and fourth quartile of CC compared with the first quartile being 0.98 (95% CI, 0.84 to 1.15), 0.85 (95% CI, 0.72 to 1.01), and 0.71 (95% CI,:0.58 to 0.86; P for trend=0.0002), respectively, independently of age, gender, body mass index, and other vascular risk factors. There was an opposite and multiplicative effect of CC and waist-to-hip ratio on the frequency of carotid plaques (55.1% of individuals in the fourth waist-to-hip ratio quartile and the first CC quartile had carotid plaques, against 31.8% in the first waist-to-hip ratio and the fourth CC quartile). Mean common carotid artery intima-media thickness was larger with increasing waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and CC, but the association with CC disappeared after adjusting for body mass index. Conclusion— The present study shows, for the first time, an inverse relationship between carotid plaques and CC. Although this needs to be confirmed in other populations, it may suggest an antiatherogenic effect of large CC.

Published
2008

6. Induction of dendritic cell-mediated T-cell activation by modified but not native low-density lipoprotein in humans and inhibition by annexin a5: involvement of heat shock proteins

Author

Claes Bergmark, Johan Frostegård, Anquan Liu, Ewa Ninio, Roland Fiskesund, Julia Yue Ming, Sonia-Athina Karabina, Anna G. Frostegård, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition = Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière] (IHU ICAN), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Physiopathologie des maladies génétiques d'expression pédiatrique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), This work was supported by the Swedish Science Fund, The Swedish Heart Lung foundation, The Swedish Rheumatism Association, CIDaT, Vinnova, Torsten Söderberg Foundation, AFA. Sixth Framework Program of the European Union (grant LSHM-CT-2006-037227 CVDIMMUNE), and Couvet, Sandrine

Subjects
MESH: Signal Transduction, Carotid Artery Diseases, MESH: Lipoproteins, LDL, MESH: Annexin A5, MESH: Group X Phospholipases A2, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], MESH: T-Lymphocyte Subsets, Cell Communication, Lymphocyte Activation, chemistry.chemical_compound, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, Annexin A5, Cells, Cultured, MESH: Cytokines, MESH: Dendritic Cells, Interleukin, MESH: Mitochondrial Proteins, Cell Differentiation, Plaque, Atherosclerotic, Cell biology, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Lipoproteins, LDL, medicine.anatomical_structure, Low-density lipoprotein, LDL cholesterol, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Cytokines, HSP60, RNA Interference, Inflammation Mediators, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, MESH: Cells, Cultured, Signal Transduction, MESH: Cell Differentiation, [SDV.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, T cell, MESH: RNA Interference, MESH: Inflammation Mediators, T cells, Biology, Transfection, MESH: Coculture Techniques, Mitochondrial Proteins, Heat shock protein, MESH: Cell Proliferation, MESH: Cell Communication, medicine, MESH: HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins, Group X Phospholipases A2, Humans, MESH: Plaque, Atherosclerotic, HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins, MESH: Lymphocyte Activation, Cell Proliferation, MESH: Humans, MESH: Carotid Artery Diseases, MESH: Transfection, Dendritic cell, Chaperonin 60, Dendritic Cells, Coculture Techniques, chemistry, Immunology, heat shock proteins, MESH: Chaperonin 60, atherosclerosis, Lipoprotein
Abstract

Objective— Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease, where activated immunocompetent cells, including dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells are abundant in plaques. Low-density lipoprotein modified either by oxidation (oxLDL) or by human group X-secreted phospholipase A2 (LDLx) and heat shock proteins (HSP), especially HSP60 and 90, have been implicated in atherosclerosis. We previously reported that Annexin A5 inhibits inflammatory effects of phospholipids, decreases vascular inflammation and improves vascular function in apolipoprotein E −/− mice. Here, we focus on the LDLx effects on human DCs and T cells. Approach and Results— Human DCs were differentiated from peripheral blood monocytes, stimulated by oxLDL or LDLx. Naive autologous T cells were cocultured with pretreated DCs. oxLDL and LDLx, in contrast to LDL, induced DC-activation and T-cell proliferation. T cells exposed to LDLx-treated DCs produced interferon-γ, interleukin (IL)-17 but not IL-4 and IL-10. Annexin A5 abrogated LDLx effects on DCs and T cells and increased production of transforming growth factor-β and IL-10. Furthermore, IL-10 producing T cells suppressed primary T-cell activation via soluble IL-10, transforming growth factor-β, and cell–cell contact. Lentiviral-mediated shRNA knock-down HSP60 and 90 in DCs attenuated the effect of LDLx on DCs and subsequent T-cell proliferation. Experiments on DC and T cells derived from carotid atherosclerotic plaques gave similar results. Conclusions— Our data show that modified forms of LDL such as LDLx but not native LDL activate human T cells through DCs. HSP60 and 90 contribute to such T-cell activation. Annexin A5 promotes induction of regulatory T cells and is potentially interesting as a therapeutic agent.

Published
2014

7. Variant Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1c and Adult T-cell Leukemia, Australia

Author

Antoine Gessain, Olivier Cassar, Daniel Kearney, Peter Bardy, Lloyd Einsiedel, Northern Territory Rural Clinical School, Flinders University [Adelaide, Australia], Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes (EPVO (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_3)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Adelaide Hospital, This study received funding from the Northern Territory Rural Clinical School (an initiative of the Australian Department of Health and Ageing) and was also supported by grants from the Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer, the Cancéropole/Ile de France, the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Unité Mixte de Recherche 3569), and the Institut Pasteur, Paris, France, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], and Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Male, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, Epidemiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], T-cell leukemia, lcsh:Medicine, molecular epidemiology, 0302 clinical medicine, Fatal Outcome, MESH: Child, Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell, 030212 general & internal medicine, Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1, Australian Aborigines, Phylogeny, Human T-lymphotropic virus 1, Transmission (medicine), Dispatch, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, MESH: Carotid Artery Injuries, Leukemia, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, cardiovascular system, Female, Microbiology (medical), adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, T cell, 030231 tropical medicine, MESH: Intracranial Aneurysm, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Biology, ATLL, Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Wounds, Gunshot, medicine, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, viruses, Aged, MESH: Humans, MESH: Carotid Artery Diseases, MESH: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, lcsh:R, Australia, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Virology, MESH: Male, Lymphoma, Molecular Typing, HTLV-1, Immunology, indigenous Australians
Abstract

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 is endemic to central Australia among Indigenous Australians. However, virologic and clinical aspects of infection remain poorly understood. No attempt has been made to control transmission to indigenous children. We report 3 fatal cases of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma caused by human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 Australo-Melanesian subtype c.

Published
2013

8. Detection of high-risk atherosclerotic plaque: report of the NHLBI Working Group on current status and future directions

Author

Fleg, Jerome L, Stone, Gregg W, Fayad, Zahi A, Granada, Juan F, Hatsukami, Thomas S, Kolodgie, Frank D, Ohayon, Jacques, Pettigrew, Roderic, Sabatine, Marc S, Tearney, Guillermo J, Waxman, Sergio, Domanski, Michael J, Srinivas, Pothur R, Narula, Jagat, dyctim, Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble - UMR 5525 (TIMC-IMAG), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Laboratory of Integrative Cardiovascular Imaging Science, and National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)

Subjects
Carotid Artery Diseases, Diagnostic Imaging, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Embolism, Myocardial Infarction, Coronary Artery Disease, MESH: Risk Assessment, Risk Assessment, Severity of Illness Index, MESH: Prognosis, MESH: Stroke, Article, MESH: Risk Factors, Predictive Value of Tests, Risk Factors, MESH: Severity of Illness Index, MESH: Coronary Vessels, Animals, Humans, MESH: Animals, MESH: Plaque, Atherosclerotic, MESH: Coronary Artery Disease, Genetic Testing, MESH: Rupture, Spontaneous, MESH: Humans, MESH: Genetic Testing, Rupture, Spontaneous, MESH: Carotid Artery Diseases, MESH: Diagnostic Imaging, MESH: Biological Markers, imaging, high-risk plaque, Prognosis, cardiovascular event, Coronary Vessels, MESH: Predictive Value of Tests, Plaque, Atherosclerotic, Stroke, MESH: Myocardial Infarction, Disease Models, Animal, vulnerable plaque, MESH: Disease Models, Animal, MESH: Embolism, Biomarkers
Abstract

International audience; The leading cause of major morbidity and mortality in most countries around the world is atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, most commonly caused by thrombotic occlusion of a high-risk coronary plaque resulting in myocardial infarction or cardiac death, or embolization from a high-risk carotid plaque resulting in stroke. The lesions prone to result in such clinical events are termed vulnerable or high-risk plaques, and their identification may lead to the development of pharmacological and mechanical intervention strategies to prevent such events. Autopsy studies from patients dying of acute myocardial infarction or sudden death have shown that such events typically arise from specific types of atherosclerotic plaques, most commonly the thin-cap fibroatheroma. However, the search in human beings for vulnerable plaques before their becoming symptomatic has been elusive. Recently, the PROSPECT (Providing Regional Observations to Study Predictors of Events in the Coronary Tree) study demonstrated that coronary plaques that are likely to cause future cardiac events, regardless of angiographic severity, are characterized by large plaque burden and small lumen area and/or are thin-cap fibroatheromas verified by radiofrequency intravascular ultrasound imaging. This study opened the door to identifying additional invasive and noninvasive imaging modalities that may improve detection of high-risk atherosclerotic lesions and patients. Beyond classic risk factors, novel biomarkers and genetic profiling may identify those patients in whom noninvasive imaging for vulnerable plaque screening, followed by invasive imaging for risk confirmation is warranted, and in whom future pharmacological and/or device-based focal or regional therapies may be applied to improve long-term prognosis.

Published
2012

9. Unexpected protective role for Toll-like receptor 3 in the arterial wall

Author

Marc Feldmann, Lena Alexopoulou, Michael E. Goddard, Richard A. Flavell, T Navin, Claudia Monaco, Anuja T. Mitra, Alun H. Davies, Jennifer E. Cole, Amanda J. Cross, Faculty of Land and Environment, University of Melbourne, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy (CIML), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Imperial College London, Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and Yale University School of Medicine

Subjects
Neointima, MESH: Signal Transduction, viruses, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Biology, MESH: Poly I-C, MESH: Mice, Knockout, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Myocyte, Animals, MESH: Animals, Receptor, MESH: Mice, 030304 developmental biology, Mice, Knockout, 0303 health sciences, Toll-like receptor, Multidisciplinary, MESH: Carotid Arteries, MESH: Humans, MESH: Carotid Artery Diseases, Macrophages, MESH: Interferon Inducers, MESH: Hypercholesterolemia, Muscle, Smooth, MESH: Myocytes, Smooth Muscle, MESH: Muscle, Smooth, Vascular, Biological Sciences, MESH: Toll-Like Receptor 3, Atherosclerosis, MESH: Male, 3. Good health, Cell biology, Toll-Like Receptor 3, TLR2, Cardiovascular Diseases, Immunology, TLR3, TLR4, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Signal transduction, MESH: Female, Signal Transduction
Abstract

The critical role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in mammalian host defense has been extensively explored in recent years. The capacity of about 10 TLRs to recognize conserved patterns on many bacterial and viral pathogens is remarkable. With so few receptors, cross-reactivity with self-tissue components often occurs. Previous studies have frequently assigned detrimental roles to TLRs, in particular to TLR2 and TLR4, in immune and cardiovascular disease. Using human and murine systems, we have investigated the consequence of TLR3 signaling in vascular disease. We compared the responses of human atheroma-derived smooth muscle cells (AthSMC) and control aortic smooth muscle cells (AoSMC) to various TLR ligands. AthSMC exhibited a specific increase in TLR3 expression and TLR3-dependent functional responses. Intriguingly, exposure to dsRNA in vitro and in vivo induced increased expression of both pro- and anti-inflammatory genes in vascular cells and tissues. Therefore, we sought to assess the contribution of TLR3 signaling in vivo in mechanical and hypercholesterolemia-induced arterial injury. Surprisingly, neointima formation in a perivascular collar-induced injury model was reduced by the systemic administration of the dsRNA analog Poly(I:C) in a TLR3-dependent manner. Furthermore, genetic deletion of TLR3 dramatically enhanced the development of elastic lamina damage after collar-induced injury. Accordingly, deficiency of TLR3 accelerated the onset of atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic ApoE −/− mice. Collectively, our data describe a protective role for TLR signaling in the vessel wall.

Published
2011

10. An unfavorable dietary pattern is associated with symptomatic ischemic stroke and carotid atherosclerosis

Author

François Paillard, Véronique Golfier, Guillaume Mahé, Jean-Michel De Bray, Bruno Laviolle, Thomas Ronzière, Thomas Cochery, Biologie Neurovasculaire et Mitochondriale Intégrée (BNMI), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Neurologie [Rennes] = Neurology [Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Pharmacologie du Sepsis et Choc Septique, Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Service de Pharmacologie [Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Service de neurologie [Angers], Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Service de cardiologie et maladies vasculaires [Rennes] = Cardiac, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery [Rennes], and Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Service de Pharmacologie [Rennes]

Subjects
Carotid Artery Diseases, Male, MESH: Food Habits, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Gastroenterology, Brain Ischemia, Brain ischemia, Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated, Hospitals, University, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Risk Factors, MESH: Risk Factors, Vegetables, MESH: Diet Records, MESH: Fatty Acids, Omega-6, Stroke, chemistry.chemical_classification, Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex, MESH: Middle Aged, Cerebral infarction, Fatty Acids, food and beverages, MESH: Brain Ischemia, MESH: Life Style, Middle Aged, MESH: Case-Control Studies, Diet Records, 3. Good health, MESH: Fatty Acids, MESH: Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated, Female, France, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, MESH: Fruit, Polyunsaturated fatty acid, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex, [SDV.MHEP.CHI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Surgery, Hospitals, General, MESH: Stroke, Central nervous system disease, Duplex scanning, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Diet, Internal medicine, Fatty Acids, Omega-6, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, medicine, Humans, Life Style, MESH: Hospitals, University, MESH: Humans, Vascular disease, business.industry, MESH: Carotid Artery Diseases, Case-control study, MESH: Hospitals, General, MESH: Adult, Feeding Behavior, medicine.disease, MESH: Vegetables, MESH: Male, Surgery, Diet, MESH: France, chemistry, Case-Control Studies, Fruit, business, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; OBJECTIVE: Ischemic strokes represent more than 80% of total strokes in Western countries. The influence of dietary factors on ischemic stroke risk is debated mainly because available data are limited. Our objective was to compare the dietary pattern of symptomatic ischemic stroke patients under 65 years old with control subjects using a validated 14-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). We also compared symptomatic ischemic stroke patients with carotid atherosclerosis with those without according to the presence or the absence of carotid plaque defined by duplex scanning. METHODS: This was a case-control multi-center study that took place in one University hospital and two general hospitals in France. One hundred twenty-four symptomatic ischemic stroke patients (confirmation by a neurologist and imaging; 66% smokers) and 50 controls (34% smokers) without any known cardiovascular disease or previous nutritional advice were included. The main outcome measure(s) were intake scores for saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), Omega-3 polyunsaturated (Omega-3 PUFA), and Omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (Omega-6PUFA). Fruit and vegetables and an overall cardiovascular dietary score were evaluated with the FFQ. The overall cardiovascular score is calculated as (MUFA + Omega-3 PUFA + fruits and vegetables) - (SFA) scores. RESULTS: Compared with controls, ischemic stroke patients had a higher SFA score (6.6 +/- 3.0 vs 4.9 +/- 2.7; P < .001), lower scores of MUFA (0.8 +/- 0.9 vs 1.5 +/- 1.2; P < .001), Omega-3 PUFA (1.7 +/- 1.6 vs 2.2 +/- 1.5; P = .013), Omega-6PUFA (2.6 +/- 2.5 vs 3.9 +/- 2.7; P = .002), fruit and vegetables (2.9 +/- 1.7 vs 3.8 +/- 1.6; P = .005), and a lower overall dietary score (-1.2 +/- 5.0 vs 2.5 +/- 4.4; P < .001). These results remained statistically significant after adjustment for age, gender, and smoking status. Ischemic stroke patients with carotid atherosclerosis (n = 54) had a worse overall cardiovascular dietary score than those without (n = 68): -2.2 +/- 4.4 vs -0.2 +/- 5.2; P = .024. CONCLUSION: Compared with controls, ischemic stroke patients, especially those with carotid atherosclerosis, have an unfavorable dietary pattern (high SFA, low fruit and vegetables, and Omega-3 PUFA consumptions) that may have been a facilitating condition of the ischemic stroke. Dietary recommendations of a healthy diet should be useful in ischemic stroke prevention, especially in patients with cardiovascular risk factors.

Published
2010

11. Distension of the carotid artery and risk of coronary events: the three-city study

Author

Mahmoud Zureik, Nathalie Leone, Dominique Courbon, Christophe Tzourio, Jean-François Dartigues, Michel E. Safar, Philippe Amouyel, Jérôme Gariepy, Karen Ritchie, Annick Alpérovitch, Pierre Ducimetière, Physiopathologie et Epidemiologie de l'Insuffisance Respiratoire, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Recherche en épidémiologie et biostatistique, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Médecine Préventive Cardiovasculaire, Hôpital Broussais, Neuroépidémiologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Epidémiologie, santé publique et développement, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR99-ISPED, Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Epidémiologie des maladies chroniques : impact des interactions gène environnement sur la santé des populations, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Centre de diagnostic, Hôtel-Dieu, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Villebrun, Dominique

Subjects
Carotid Artery Diseases, Male, ultrasonic, Time Factors, Brachial Artery, Blood Pressure, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Distension, coronary disease, MESH: Risk Assessment, Severity of Illness Index, 0302 clinical medicine, carotid arteries, Risk Factors, MESH: Risk Factors, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Stroke, Ultrasonography, MESH: Aged, [SDV.MHEP.GEG] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, [SDV.MHEP.GEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, Hazard ratio, Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic, MESH: Blood Pressure, MESH: Follow-Up Studies, [SDV.MHEP.CSC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, 3. Good health, Pulse pressure, Population Surveillance, Circulatory system, Cardiology, cardiovascular system, Female, France, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Risk Assessment, MESH: Population Surveillance, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Internal medicine, MESH: Severity of Illness Index, Heart rate, Humans, cardiovascular diseases, MESH: Brachial Artery, Risk factor, Aged, MESH: Humans, MESH: Carotid Arteries, business.industry, Vascular disease, MESH: Carotid Artery Diseases, aging, MESH: Time Factors, MESH: Confounding Factors (Epidemiology), medicine.disease, Elasticity, MESH: Male, MESH: France, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Elasticity, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Coronary Disease, business, MESH: Female, mechanics, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Objective— Arterial mechanical properties are of growing interest in the understanding of cardiovascular disease development. We aimed to determine the predictive value of carotid wall mechanics on coronary heart disease (CHD) in the Three-City study. Methods and Results— At baseline, 3337 participants aged ≥65 years underwent a carotid B-mode ultrasonography. During a median follow-up of 43.4 months, 128 CHD occurred. Increased carotid distension (relative stroke change in lumen diameter) was significantly associated with CHD risk. Comparison of subjects in tertile 3 versus those in tertile 1 (reference) showed a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.80 (95% CI, 1.17 to 2.75). Controlling for various confounders including age, heart rate, brachial (or carotid) pulse pressure, and common carotid intima-media thickness did not alter the association between carotid distension and CHD with a HR of 1.79 (95% CI, 1.12 to 2.86; tertile 3 versus tertile 1). Brachial and carotid pulse pressures were also independently associated with CHD. No association was found between CHD and carotid distensibility coefficient, cross-sectional compliance coefficient, Young’s elastic modulus, or β stiffness index. Conclusions— In the elderly, increased carotid distension was independently predictive of CHD. This simple and noninvasive parameter might be of particular interest for cardiovascular risk assessment.

Published
2008

12. Oxygen-regulated protein-150 prevents calcium homeostasis deregulation and apoptosis induced by oxidized LDL in vascular cells

Author

Cécile Vindis, Yoshio Bando, Anne Nègre-Salvayre, Ziad Mallat, Robert Salvayre, Yoshiki Sawa, Marie Sanson, Yves Glock, Jean-Claude Thiers, Hervé Rousseau, Cécile Ingueneau, Simon, Marie Francoise, Institut de médecine moléculaire de Rangueil (I2MR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées- Institut Fédératif de Recherche Bio-médicale Institution (IFR150)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service Cardiologie [CHU Toulouse], Pôle Cardiovasculaire et Métabolique [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Osaka University [Osaka], Department of Functional Anatomy and Neuroscience, Asahikawa Medical College, Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire de Lariboisiere, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IFR150-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de cardiologie [Toulouse], Hôpital de Rangueil, and CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]

Subjects
Carotid Artery Diseases, MESH: Lipoproteins, LDL, MESH: Boron Compounds, Apoptosis, Endoplasmic Reticulum, MESH: Chelating Agents, Antioxidants, MESH: Atherosclerosis, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Macrocyclic Compounds, Homeostasis, MESH: Endothelial Cells, MESH: Proteins, Egtazic Acid, Oxazoles, Chelating Agents, Calcium signaling, 0303 health sciences, Cytochrome c, MESH: Oxazoles, Calpain, Cell biology, Lipoproteins, LDL, MESH: Homeostasis, MESH: Calcium, RNA Interference, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Boron Compounds, Programmed cell death, Macrocyclic Compounds, MESH: Egtazic Acid, MESH: RNA Interference, chemistry.chemical_element, Caspase 3, Calcium, Biology, MESH: Calcium Signaling, Cell Line, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Endoplasmic Reticulum, [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Humans, HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Calcium Signaling, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Calcium metabolism, MESH: Humans, MESH: Carotid Artery Diseases, MESH: Apoptosis, MESH: Antioxidants, Endothelial Cells, Proteins, Cell Biology, Atherosclerosis, MESH: Cell Line, chemistry, biology.protein, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Oxidized LDLs (oxLDLs) induce apoptosis, which contributes to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The 150 kDa oxygen-regulated protein (ORP150), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident chaperone, is upregulated by hypoxia and prevents ischemia-induced cell death. The aim of this work was to investigate whether and how ORP150 can prevent apoptosis induced by oxLDLs in vascular cells. OxLDLs induced ORP150 expression in the ER of human microvascular endothelial cell line (HMEC-1). ORP150 expression was blocked by antioxidants, by the permeant calcium chelator BAPTA-AM, and by inhibitors of the inositol-1,4,5 trisphosphate (IP3) receptors, 2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate (2-APB) and xestospongin C. ORP150 silencing by siRNA-enhanced oxLDL-induced apoptosis, while forced ORP150 expression increased the resistance of cells via an inhibition of the oxLDL-induced calcium rise, and of subsequent calpain activation, cytochrome c release, caspase 3 activation and apoptosis. A similar protective effect was achieved by BAPTA-AM, 2-APB and xestospongin C. Altogether, these data indicate that (i)ORP150 inhibits oxLDL-induced apoptosis by blocking calcium signaling and subsequent apoptosis, (ii)calcium released from ER stores through IP3 channels is involved in the oxLDL-induced calcium rise and apoptosis, and is inhibited by ORP150. Finally, ORP150 is expressed in advanced atherosclerotic lesions, where it may locally participate to reduce the apoptotic effect of oxLDLs and the subsequent risk of plaque rupture.

Published
2008

13. Screening atherosclerosis: a global approach to a systemic condition

Author

Philippe Lacroix, Victor Aboyans, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée (NETEC), Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST FR CNRS 3503)-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Service de Chirurgie Thoracique et Vasculaire - Médecine vasculaire [CHU Limoges], and CHU Limoges

Subjects
Carotid Artery Diseases, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronary Artery Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Coronary Angiography, Sensitivity and Specificity, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Predictive Value of Tests, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Mass Screening, MESH: Patient Selection, MESH: Coronary Artery Disease, MESH: Mass Screening, Intensive care medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ultrasonography, MESH: Carotid Arteries, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Carotid Artery Diseases, Patient Selection, MESH: Research Design, MESH: Coronary Angiography, MESH: Predictive Value of Tests, MESH: Sensitivity and Specificity, Carotid Arteries, Research Design, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience

Published
2006

14. Swallowing, arterial pulsation, and breathing induce motion artifacts in carotid artery MRI

Author

Loic Boussel, Philippe Douek, Jean Michel Serfaty, Gwenael Herigault, Michel Nonent, Alejandro de la Vega, Laboratoire Creatis, Compte Général, Hôpital Cardiovasculaire Louis Pradel ( HCLP ), Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ), Philips Medical Systems ( PMS ), Philips Medical Systems, Département de radiologie [Brest] ( DR - Brest ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest ( CHRU Brest ), Groupe d'Etude de la Thrombose de Bretagne Occidentale ( GETBO ), Université de Brest ( UBO ), Département de Radiologie, Université Xavier Bichat, Hôpital Cardiovasculaire Louis Pradel (HCLP), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Philips Medical Systems (PMS), Département de radiologie [Brest] (DR - Brest), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Groupe d'Etude de la Thrombose de Bretagne Occidentale (GETBO), Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO), Centre de Recherche et d'Application en Traitement de l'Image et du Signal (CREATIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Carotid Artery Diseases, Male, MESH : Motion, MESH : Atherosclerosis, MESH : Deglutition, Pulsatile flow, MESH : Aged, MESH : Carotid Arteries, [INFO.INFO-IM] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, Magnetic resonance angiography, MESH : Artifacts, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, MESH: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MESH: Atherosclerosis, 0302 clinical medicine, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, MESH : Female, MESH: Aged, MESH: Middle Aged, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, medicine.diagnostic_test, Respiration, Isocenter, Middle Aged, MESH : Adult, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MESH: Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, [SDV.MHEP.CSC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Amplitude, Carotid Arteries, MESH: Artifacts, [INFO.INFO-TI] Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], Pulsatile Flow, [INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], MESH: Pulsatile Flow, Cardiology, Breathing, Female, [INFO.INFO-MO] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Artifacts, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, MESH : Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, [INFO.INFO-TS] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, MESH: Motion, MESH : Male, Diastole, Lumen (anatomy), MESH : Pulsatile Flow, 03 medical and health sciences, Motion, Swallowing, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Internal medicine, MESH : Magnetic Resonance Imaging, [ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, medicine, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, MESH : Middle Aged, MESH : Carotid Artery Diseases, Aged, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, MESH: Respiration, MESH: Carotid Arteries, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Carotid Artery Diseases, MESH : Humans, MESH: Adult, Atherosclerosis, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, MESH: Male, Deglutition, MESH : Respiration, MESH: Deglutition, business, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

Purpose To identify and quantify the potential sources of motion in carotid artery imaging. Materials and Methods Two healthy volunteers and 12 patients (20–75 years old) with atherosclerotic disease were scanned on a Philips Intera 1.5T system. A single-shot balanced-fast field echo (bFFE) sequence was used to acquire real-time axial views of the carotid artery wall (three images per second). A three-step acquisition protocol was performed to analyze the three types of motion (arterial pulsation, breathing, and swallowing) separately. The isocenter carotid artery motion amplitude in either the x or y direction was measured. Radial variation in the carotid lumen between the systolic and diastolic phases was analyzed. Motion frequency was reported for each patient. Results Significant motion related to arterial pulsation (amplitude = 0.27–0.93 mm, mean = 0.6, SD = 0.19), breathing (amplitude = 0.5–3.6 mm, mean = 1.56, SD = 0.99)), and swallowing (amplitude = 1.4–9.2 mm, mean = 4.7, SD = 2.4) were visualized. Conclusion Pulsation, breathing, and swallowing are sources of significant motion in the carotid artery wall. Such motion should be considered in the future to improve carotid artery image quality. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Published
2006

15. Common carotid artery intima-media thickness, carotid plaques, and walking speed

Author

Jérôme Gariepy, Christophe Tzourio, Béatrice Tavernier, Alexis Elbaz, Annick Alpérovitch, Mahmoud Zureik, Benoît Février, Mahaut Ripert, Neuroépidémiologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), 3C Study Center, 3C study Center Dijon, Epidémiologie des maladies chroniques: impact des intéractions gène environnement sur la santé des populations, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre de Médecine Préventive Cardiovasculaire, Hôpital Broussais, 3C Study Center - Etude des 3 Cités (3C), and Tzourio, Christophe

Subjects
Carotid Artery Diseases, Male, Walking, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, Risk Factors, MESH: Risk Factors, MESH: Carotid Stenosis, Odds Ratio, Carotid Stenosis, Common carotid artery, Stroke, Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Aged, ultrasonography, MESH: Motor Activity, Carotid Arteries, medicine.anatomical_structure, Quartile, Cardiology, cardiovascular system, Female, epidemiology, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Tunica Media, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Tunica media, medicine.medical_specialty, gait, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine.artery, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, MESH: Walking, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], cardiovascular diseases, intima-media thickness, Aged, Advanced and Specialized Nursing, MESH: Carotid Arteries, MESH: Humans, business.industry, motor activity, MESH: Carotid Artery Diseases, Tinetti test, MESH: Gait, MESH: Tunica Intima, medicine.disease, Gait, MESH: Odds Ratio, MESH: Male, Preferred walking speed, Intima-media thickness, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Tunica Media, Physical therapy, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Neurology (clinical), Tunica Intima, business, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Background and Purpose— Gait dysfunction is an important cause of disability among the elderly and may be, in part, of vascular origin. We studied the association between carotid ultrasound parameters and measures of gait and balance in subjects 65 to 85 years of age who participated in the baseline phase of the Three-City Study in the Dijon center. Methods— The study population comprised 2572 noninstitutionalized individuals. Carotid plaques and common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT) were measured using ultrasonography. Gait and balance measures included walking speed and a modified version of the Tinetti scale. Results— Mean maximum walking speed (MWS) decreased with increasing CCA-IMT and number of plaques ( P −4 ). Compared with subjects in the lowest CCA-IMT quintile, the odds ratio (95% CI) for being in the lowest MWS quartile was 1.1 (0.8 to 1.6) in the second, 1.3 (0.9 to 1.8) in the third, 1.7 (1.2 to 2.4) in the fourth, and 2.2 (1.6 to 3.1) in the higher CCA-IMT quintile ( P −4 ). Mean (SD) CCA-IMT was 0.716 (0.118) mm in subjects with a modified Tinetti score P =0.006). The proportion of subjects in the lowest MWS quartile ( P =0.006) or with a modified Tinetti score P =0.05) increased with the number of plaques. These relations were attenuated after adjustment for vascular risk factors. Conclusions— Carotid plaques and higher CCA-IMT values are associated with worse performances on gait and balance tests. Our results suggest that vascular factors may play an important and under-recognized role in motor function.

Published
2005

16. Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase gene transfer reduces vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and neointima formation in the rat

Author

Sabrina Yacoubi, Lahouaria Hadri, Federica del Monte, Michel Hours, Anne-Marie Lompré, Roger J. Hajjar, Thierry Capiod, Larissa Lipskaia, Physiopathologie, génétique et pharmacologie du remodelage cardiovasculaire, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IFR14-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Rôle des canaux ioniques membranaires et du calcium intracellulaire dans la physiopathologie de la prostate, Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de Recherche en Génie Rural Eaux et Forêts (INRGREF), Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts (ENGREF)-Institution de la Recherche et de l'Enseignement Supérieur Agricoles [Tunis] (IRESA), Développement et évolution (DE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Systèmes interfaciaux à l'echelle nanometrique (SIEN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Economies, sociétés et environnements préhistoriques (ESEP), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Biotechnologie, Biocatalyse et Biorégulation (U3B), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Carotid Artery Diseases, Male, Vascular smooth muscle, Physiology, Apoptosis, MESH: Rats, Sprague-Dawley, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Muscle, Smooth, Vascular, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Adenosine Triphosphate, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Adenosine Triphosphate, MESH: Animals, Phosphorylation, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, Cells, Cultured, Calcium signaling, 0303 health sciences, Nuclear Proteins, NFAT, MESH: Muscle, Smooth, Vascular, MESH: Transcription Factors, Cell biology, DNA-Binding Proteins, Biochemistry, MESH: Calcium, MESH: Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2, cardiovascular system, MESH: Calcineurin, Signal transduction, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, MESH: Cells, Cultured, Neointima, Gene Transfer, Horizontal, MESH: Rats, Calcineurin Inhibitors, MESH: NFATC Transcription Factors, Calcium-Transporting ATPases, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Biology, Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases, MESH: Calcium-Transporting ATPases, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases, Cyclin D1, MESH: Cell Proliferation, MESH: Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases, Animals, Cell Proliferation, 030304 developmental biology, NFATC Transcription Factors, MESH: Phosphorylation, MESH: Carotid Artery Diseases, Endoplasmic reticulum, MESH: Apoptosis, Genetic Therapy, MESH: Tunica Intima, MESH: Male, Rats, MESH: Gene Transfer, Horizontal, Calcium ATPase, Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases, Calcium, MESH: Gene Therapy, Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2, Tunica Intima, MESH: Nuclear Proteins, MESH: DNA-Binding Proteins, Transcription Factors
Abstract

Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) is a primary cause of vascular disorders and is associated with major alterations in Ca 2+ handling supported by loss of the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase, SERCA2a. To determine the importance of SERCA2a in neointima formation, we have prevented loss of its expression by adenoviral gene transfer in a model of balloon injury of the rat carotid artery. Two weeks after injury, the intima/media ratio was significantly lower in SERCA2a-infected than in injured noninfected or injured β-galactosidase–infected carotids (0.29±0.04 versus 0.89±0.19 and 0.72±0.14, respectively; P

Published
2005

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