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The modification is described of butyl xanthogenate solutions with butylene oxide to obtain sulphhydryl collector solutions with increased flotation activity for sulphide minerals containing platinum group metals. The use of the modified solutions as additional collectors in the flotation of Pt-containing minerals from rich Cu-Ni sulphide and low-sulphide ores resulted in a 5-7% increase in PGM extraction rates., The modification is described of butyl xanthogenate solutions with butylene oxide to obtain sulphhydryl collector solutions with increased flotation activity for sulphide minerals containing platinum group metals. The use of the modified solutions as additional collectors in the flotation of Pt-containing minerals from rich Cu-Ni sulphide and low-sulphide ores resulted in a 5-7% increase in PGM extraction rates.

The results of theoretical and technical investigations are presented for the application of electrochemical technology in Cu-Ni flotation processing schemes. The sorbed xanthate and dithiophosphate products on the chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite surfaces were studied under the distinct polarisation conditions of suspensions. Optimum electrochemical pulp treatment parameters and the technological efficiencies were determined for copper, nickel, pyrrhotite and other flotation cycles. A process chart is presented for the flotation processing of Norilsk Cu-Ni ores in laboratory and pilot studies., The results of theoretical and technical investigations are presented for the application of electrochemical technology in Cu-Ni flotation processing schemes. The sorbed xanthate and dithiophosphate products on the chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite surfaces were studied under the distinct polarisation conditions of suspensions. Optimum electrochemical pulp treatment parameters and the technological efficiencies were determined for copper, nickel, pyrrhotite and other flotation cycles. A process chart is presented for the flotation processing of Norilsk Cu-Ni ores in laboratory and pilot studies.

A report is given of investigations into the relationships between the geochemistry, electrophysical properties and adsorption of pyrite and arsenopyrite from nine different deposits in Russia and other countries of the CIS. The main phases of the five pyrites and four arsenopyrites included quartz, chalcopyrite, aluminosilicates and combinations of these minerals. The results of the investigations were used to determine the general features of flotation activity of pyrite and arsenopyrite., A report is given of investigations into the relationships between the geochemistry, electrophysical properties and adsorption of pyrite and arsenopyrite from nine different deposits in Russia and other countries of the CIS. The main phases of the five pyrites and four arsenopyrites included quartz, chalcopyrite, aluminosilicates and combinations of these minerals. The results of the investigations were used to determine the general features of flotation activity of pyrite and arsenopyrite.

Prospects of the application of new class of reagents - cloud point polymers with functional groups on the gold and platinum for extraction of micro- and nanoparticles of noble metals from fine grinded ores and by-products were considered. The reaction of synthesis of cloud point copolymer on the basis of N-isopropylacrylamide and N-acryloxysuccinimide, and its subsequent modification by groups of thioamine (TMPA), semicarbazide (TMPB) and phosphine (TMPPh) were presented. The methods of flotation and flocculation of slimy fractions of gold- and platinum- refractory ores were developed, based on the ability of cloud point polymers to transfer from water-soluble to insoluble state at heating, and acquire hydrophobic properties. The results of adsorption of modified cloud point polymers on the surface of gold and platinum sulphide minerals by analytical methods of scanning electron microscopy and laser microscopy were discussed. Selective interaction of reagents TMPA, TMPB and TMPPh with noble metals and their prospective use as effective flocculants and reagents-collectors in flotation of refractory gold and platinum ores was revealed., Prospects of the application of new class of reagents - cloud point polymers with functional groups on the gold and platinum for extraction of micro- and nanoparticles of noble metals from fine grinded ores and by-products were considered. The reaction of synthesis of cloud point copolymer on the basis of N-isopropylacrylamide and N-acryloxysuccinimide, and its subsequent modification by groups of thioamine (TMPA), semicarbazide (TMPB) and phosphine (TMPPh) were presented. The methods of flotation and flocculation of slimy fractions of gold- and platinum- refractory ores were developed, based on the ability of cloud point polymers to transfer from water-soluble to insoluble state at heating, and acquire hydrophobic properties. The results of adsorption of modified cloud point polymers on the surface of gold and platinum sulphide minerals by analytical methods of scanning electron microscopy and laser microscopy were discussed. Selective interaction of reagents TMPA, TMPB and TMPPh with noble metals and their prospective use as effective flocculants and reagents-collectors in flotation of refractory gold and platinum ores was revealed.

Laboratory tests using modified diethyl dithiocarbamate as a selective collector for gold minerals are reported for a gold sulphide ore sample in an open flotation circuit for obtaining concentrate and tailings. Substitution of xanthate by the diethyl dithiocarbamate reagent enhanced the gold concentrate quality in content by 1.3- to 1.5-fold and increased the gold recovery by 7-10%. The use of diethyl dithiocarbamate thioester in the selective flotation of gold sulphide concentrates improved the gold pyrite and arsenopyrite separation selectivity and yielded gold-pyrite concentrates containing 121.82-135 ppm of gold and less than 2% of arsenic. In addition, reduction of the sparingly soluble pyrite and pyrrhotite content of gold-arsenopyrite concentrates containing more than 150 ppm of gold led to a shorter leaching time., Laboratory tests using modified diethyl dithiocarbamate as a selective collector for gold minerals are reported for a gold sulphide ore sample in an open flotation circuit for obtaining concentrate and tailings. Substitution of xanthate by the diethyl dithiocarbamate reagent enhanced the gold concentrate quality in content by 1.3- to 1.5-fold and increased the gold recovery by 7-10%. The use of diethyl dithiocarbamate thioester in the selective flotation of gold sulphide concentrates improved the gold pyrite and arsenopyrite separation selectivity and yielded gold-pyrite concentrates containing 121.82-135 ppm of gold and less than 2% of arsenic. In addition, reduction of the sparingly soluble pyrite and pyrrhotite content of gold-arsenopyrite concentrates containing more than 150 ppm of gold led to a shorter leaching time.

Parameters affecting the flotation of pyrite and arsenopyrite were investigated based on stoichiometry, electrophysical and electrochemical studies and the mathematical relationships between the parameters. Flotation efficiency was mainly affected by Cu, Au and As impurities in pyrite and Cu and Au in arsenopyrite, and these factors can be used to predict flotation performance in the processing of pyrite-containing Au ores. The role of isomorphous impurities on the formation of a hydrophobic layer of thiol collectors on the mineral surface was also investigated. The non-stoichiometry of Au-bearing sulphide crystals is discussed with reference to the Fe and S contents of pyrite in ores from different deposits. An increase in non-stoichiometry and a lack of an anionic component results in increased chemical adsorption of xanthate. The effect of composition on the optimum pH for maximum flotability is discussed., Parameters affecting the flotation of pyrite and arsenopyrite were investigated based on stoichiometry, electrophysical and electrochemical studies and the mathematical relationships between the parameters. Flotation efficiency was mainly affected by Cu, Au and As impurities in pyrite and Cu and Au in arsenopyrite, and these factors can be used to predict flotation performance in the processing of pyrite-containing Au ores. The role of isomorphous impurities on the formation of a hydrophobic layer of thiol collectors on the mineral surface was also investigated. The non-stoichiometry of Au-bearing sulphide crystals is discussed with reference to the Fe and S contents of pyrite in ores from different deposits. An increase in non-stoichiometry and a lack of an anionic component results in increased chemical adsorption of xanthate. The effect of composition on the optimum pH for maximum flotability is discussed.

The results are presented of theoretical and practical investigations into the use of electrochemical technology in Cu-Ni flotation processes. The adsorbed xanthate and dithiophosphate products on chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite were studied under distinct polarisation conditions. Optimal electrochemical pulp treatment parameters were devised for Cu, Ni, pyrrhotite and other flotation cycles., The results are presented of theoretical and practical investigations into the use of electrochemical technology in Cu-Ni flotation processes. The adsorbed xanthate and dithiophosphate products on chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite were studied under distinct polarisation conditions. Optimal electrochemical pulp treatment parameters were devised for Cu, Ni, pyrrhotite and other flotation cycles.