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1. Eigenvalues of truncated unitary matrices: disk counting statistics

Author

Ameur, Yacin, Charlier, Christophe, and Moreillon, Philippe

Subjects
Mathematical Physics, Mathematics - Probability
Abstract

Let $T$ be an $n\times n$ truncation of an $(n+\alpha)\times (n+\alpha)$ Haar distributed unitary matrix. We consider the disk counting statistics of the eigenvalues of $T$. We prove that as $n\to + \infty$ with $\alpha$ fixed, the associated moment generating function enjoys asymptotics of the form \begin{align*} \exp \big( C_{1} n + C_{2} + o(1) \big), \end{align*} where the constants $C_{1}$ and $C_{2}$ are given in terms of the incomplete Gamma function. Our proof uses the uniform asymptotics of the incomplete Beta function., Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures

Published
2023

2. Density of the free additive convolution of multi-cut measures

Author

Moreillon, Philippe

Subjects
Mathematics - Probability, 46L54, 60B20, 30A99
Abstract

We consider the free additive convolution semigroup $\lbrace \mu^{\boxplus t}:\,t\ge 1\rbrace$ and determine the local behavior of the density of $\mu^{\boxplus t}$ at the endpoints and at any singular point of its support. We then study the free additive convolution of two multi-cut probability measures and show that its density decays either as a square root or as a cubic root at any endpoints of its support. The probability measures considered in this paper satisfy a power law behavior with exponents strictly between $-1$ and $1$ at the endpoints of their supports., Comment: 41 pages

Published
2022

3. Take Action: A Content Analysis of Administrators' Understandings of and Advocacy for the Roles and Responsibilities of School Librarians

Author

Harland, Pamela, Moreillon, Judi, and Cellucci, Anita

Abstract

The dissemination and adoption of new standards is of primary concern to national education associations, the American Association of School Librarians (AASL) among them. The purpose of this content-analysis study was to investigate the impact of the National School Library Standards for Learners, School Librarians, and School Libraries (AASL 2018) on the School Leader Collaborative members' understandings of and advocacy for the roles and responsibilities of school librarians. These members were all public school administrators. The researchers used documents co-developed by AASL and the Collaborative to create a category matrix to analyze the content of primary and secondary source videos. The results of the study show the extent to which these exemplary administrators value leadership and other responsibilities of school librarians. Their perspectives offer practicing and preservice school librarians specific expectations to elevate the practice of school librarianship and improve library services for all library stakeholders.

Published
2021

4. The support of the free additive convolution of multi-cut measures

Author

Moreillon, Philippe and Schnelli, Kevin

Subjects
Mathematics - Probability, Mathematical Physics, 46L54, 60B20, 30A99
Abstract

We consider the free additive convolution $\mu_\alpha\boxplus\mu_\beta$ of two probability measures $\mu_\alpha$ and $\mu_\beta$, supported on respectively $n_\alpha$ and $n_\beta$ disjoint bounded intervals on the real line, and derive a lower bound and an upper bound that is strictly smaller than $2n_\alpha n_\beta$, on the number of connected components in its support. We also obtain the corresponding results for the free additive convolution semi-group $\{\mu^{\boxplus t}\,:\, t\ge 1\}$. Throughout the paper, we consider classes of probability measures with power law behaviors at the endpoints of their supports with exponents ranging from $-1$ to $1$. Our main theorem generalizes a result of Bao, Erd\H{o}s and Schnelli~[4] to the multi-cut setup., Comment: Corrected the proof and statement of Proposition 4.12 (Prop. 4.10 in v1). The upper bound in Theorem 1.5 accordingly changed to $2n_\alpha n_\beta$ from $n_\alpha n_\beta$, proof of Theorem 1.5 in Section 5 is now shorter. Extended Lemma 4.9 yielding a lower bound on the number of components in the support of the free additive convolution in Theorem 1.5. Corrected the proof of Proposition 4.10

Published
2022

5. On the generating function of the Pearcey process

Author

Charlier, Christophe and Moreillon, Philippe

Subjects
Mathematical Physics, Mathematics - Probability
Abstract

The Pearcey process is a universal point process in random matrix theory. In this paper, we study the generating function of the Pearcey process on any number $m$ of intervals. We derive an integral representation for it in terms of a Hamiltonian that is related to a system of $6m+2$ coupled nonlinear equations. We also obtain asymptotics for the generating function as the size of the intervals get large, up to and including the constant term. This work generalizes some recent results of Dai, Xu and Zhang, which correspond to $m=1$., Comment: 30 pages, 3 figures

Published
2021

6. Co-Planning and Co-Implementing Assessment and Evaluation for Inquiry Learning

Author

Moreillon, Judi

Abstract

Assessment and evaluation are not optional for school librarians who want to be valued as full-fledged instructional partners. School librarians must document evidence of practice. Classroom teachers plan, implement, and assess student learning outcomes and then evaluate the effectiveness of their instruction. If school librarians are to be considered and serve as equal partners with classroom teachers and specialist colleagues, then comprehensive collaboration will include co-planning, co-implementation, co-assessment, and co-evaluation. Sharing the responsibility for assessment is a way for school librarians to be valued members on their schools' academic teams. Developing assessment expertise through coteaching is a pathway to leadership for school librarians.

Published
2019

7. Building Your Personal Learning Network (PLN): 21st-Century School Librarians Seek Self-Regulated Professional Development Online

Author

Moreillon, Judi

Abstract

For school librarians, being part of a "connected" community provides support for getting specific needs met, solving personally relevant and meaningful problems, and developing professional expertise. AASL provides many avenues for members of the profession to learn with and from one another. These include AASL and subgroup electronic discussion lists, eCOLLAB for webinars , the recently launched blog on the "Knowledge Quest" website , and the Twitter hashtag #aasl. State-level, university-based, and independent groups of school librarians have also formed communities of practice (CoP) in the online environment (Wenger 1998). Through regular contact with one another, participants in these CoPs learn from one another, develop shared meanings through exchanging ideas and information, and enculturate one another into the ever-evolving profession of school librarianship. This article describes how school librarians can use electronic discussion lists, webinars, blogs, and social media networks such as Twitter to share ideas and information and connect with colleagues. Further, the author briefly discusses findings from a study that aimed to determine whether venues such as Twitter groups offer information that can help professors keep their fingers on the pulse of the profession and practice lifelong learning.

Published
2016

8. Digital Advocacy Stories: A Pedagogical Tool for Communicating and Strengthening Library Values

Author

Moreillon, Judi and Hall, Ruth Nicole

Abstract

"Digital Advocacy Stories: A Pedagogical Tool for Communicating and Strengthening Library Values" is a case study conducted in LS5633: The Art of Storytelling. The purpose of this study was to investigate graduate student candidates' development of library values through the use of digital tools to create and disseminate advocacy stories. While discussing, creating, sharing, revising, and reflecting on digital advocacy stories, candidates gave voice to values based on ALA and other competences. They also increased their expertise in communicating those values to library stakeholders via electronic and Web 2.0 tools. The researchers conducted a content analysis of several assignment data sources, including candidates' online discussions, advocacy stories, and digital reflection scripts. The findings suggest this pedagogical process strengthened candidates' library-related values as well as shored up their ability to advocate for those values and use social networking and digital tools to do so.

Published
2014

9. Educating Pre-Service School Librarians for the Instructional Partner Role: An Exploration into University Curricula

Author

Moreillon, Judi, Kimmel, Sue, and Gavigan, Karen

Abstract

In "Empowering Learners: Guidelines for School Library Programs" (2009), the American Association of School Librarians (AASL) identified the instructional partner role of school librarians as the most critical role for the future of the profession. To determine the extent to which school librarian preparation programs prepare pre-service school librarians for this role, this mixed-methods case study examined program ranking responses and questionnaires from nine universities and colleges that prepare these candidates for practice. Instructors who teach courses in school librarianship submitted a program of study document on which they rated the percentage of readings/viewings and assignments that focus on the instructional partner role in courses offered exclusively for pre-service school librarian candidates. Participants were invited to complete follow-up questionnaires that asked for details regarding readings, textbooks, and assignments. The findings of this case study demonstrate a tendency for school librarian preparation programs to assign different priorities to the five roles identified by AASL; developing the instructional partner role was not ranked first for most of the programs under study. These programs also integrate into their courses various textbooks, book chapters, articles, and other resources focused on instructional partnerships. The results of this case study suggest that the academy does not teach with a unified voice when it comes to helping preservice school librarians prepare to practice the instructional partner role.

Published
2014

10. Educating for School Library Leadership: Developing the Instructional Partnership Role

Author

Moreillon, Judi

Abstract

The American Association of School Librarians and researchers in the field have identified the instructional partner role as critical to the future of school librarianship. Educators of school librarians must help prepare preservice candidates to serve effectively in this role. This research report describes a content analysis study conducted in three sections of LS5443: Librarians as Instructional Partners, an online graduate course. The purpose of the study was to investigate course features, assignments, tools, and resources that made the greatest change in candidates' understandings of the competencies needed to enact instructional partnerships. The findings suggest dispositions, communication skills, and collaborative practices, including the use of technology tools required to collaborate with three or more classmates, influenced study participants' previously held understandings of instructional partnerships.

Published
2013

11. State Library Conferences as Professional Development Venues: Unbalanced Support for the AASL-Defined Roles of the School Librarian

Author

Moreillon, Judi, Cahill, Maria, and McKee, Rebecca

Abstract

The American Association of School Librarians (AASL) released new guidelines for school library programs in the summer of 2009. Empowering Learners: Guidelines for School Library Programs (AASL 2009a), hereafter referred to as EL, spells out the five roles that school librarians must practice to empower library users. The purpose of this content-analysis study was to investigate the professional-development offerings available to school librarians through state-level conferences and determine the degree to which these sessions promote the five roles for school librarians as identified in EL. Using a stratified random sample, the researchers selected conferences held in the 2010-2011 academic year and sponsored or cosponsored by state-level school-library associations. The researchers developed and tested a domain matrix based on four of the five roles described in EL as topic domains (the leader role is embedded in the other four roles), and developed subcategories in each domain using the descriptors in EL. Using the matrix, they analyzed the titles and descriptions of twelve conference-program offerings. The results of the study show unbalanced conference-sponsored professional development in terms of the EL-defined roles for school librarians. (Contains 6 tables and 1 figure.)

Published
2012

12. Two Heads Are Better than One: Influencing Preservice Classroom Teachers' Understanding and Practice of Classroom-Library Collaboration

Author

Moreillon, Judi

Abstract

Two Heads Are Better than One: The Factors Influencing the Understanding and Practice of Classroom-Library Collaboration proposed to identify the factors involved in educating future K-8 classroom teachers about collaboration for instruction with school library media specialists (SLMSs). This longitudinal study monitored the growth of teacher education students' understandings of collaboration through their preservice education, student teaching, and first year of classroom teaching. The participants were enrolled in a teacher preparation program facilitated by the researcher, a former SLMS. The goal of this mixed-methods case study was to suggest critical components of preservice education, student teaching, and first-year teaching experiences that influence novice classroom teachers' classroom-library collaborations. This article provides an overview of the study, a review of relevant literature, and the data collected, including findings from four surveys as well as other data sources. This study shows that interventions during preservice education were important influencers. However, the findings clearly indicate that the educators serving in K-8 school library positions and the supports, or lack thereof, for classroom-library collaboration during student teaching and first-year classroom teaching were the most influential factors in determining whether or not these beginning educators collaborated with SLMSs for instruction. (Contains 11 tables.)

Published
2008

14. Peace Poems and Picasso Doves: Literature, Art, Technology, and Poetry.

Author

MarcoPolo Education Foundation., National Council of Teachers of English, Urbana, IL., International Reading Association, Newark, DE., and Moreillon, Judi

Abstract

Students and teachers employ think-aloud strategies as they read literature, compose poems, and create artwork related to the theme of peace. This unit is designed for collaborative teaching among classroom, art, and technology teachers, and school librarians. A single educator can also teach this unit. During nine and a half hours, plus publishing time, students will: practice think-aloud strategies when reading literature; apply think-aloud strategies when listening to poetry and viewing art; compile questions and personal responses to literature using a graphic organizer; study the symbol of the dove via the Internet and re-envision Picasso's dove in their own artwork; brainstorm and compose a shared classroom poem about peace; use technology tools in the prewriting, composition, revision, and publication stages of the writing process; and compose individual poems inspired by their own artwork. The instructional plan, lists of resources, student assessment/reflection activities, and a list of National Council of Teachers of English/International Reading Association (NCTE/IRA) Standards addressed in the lesson are included. A graphic organizer; a peace poem template; a sample peace web and poem; a think-aloud monitoring sheet; teacher modeling sheet; and a rubric for Picasso Peace Dove Poem are attached. (PM)

Published
2003

15. Influence of vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration on the outcome of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus left-sided infective endocarditis treated with antistaphylococcal β-lactam antibiotics: a prospective cohort study by the International Collaboration on Endocarditis

Author

Athan, E., Harris, O., Korman, T.M., Kotsanas, D., Jones, P., Reinbott, P., Ryan, S., Fortes, C.Q., Garcia, P., Jones, S.B., Barsic, B., Bukovski, S., Selton-Suty, C., Aissa, N., Doco-Lecompte, T., Delahaye, F., Vandenesch, F., Tattevin, P., Hoen, B., Plesiat, P., Giamarellou, H., Giannitsioti, E., Tarpatzi, E., Durante-Mangoni, E., Iossa, D., Orlando, S., Ursi, M.P., Pafundi, P.C., D' Amico, F., Bernardo, M., Cuccurullo, S., Dialetto, G., Covino, F.E., Manduca, S., Della Corte, A., De Feo, M., Tripodi, M.F., Baban, T., Kanafani, Z.A., Kanj, S.S., Sfeir, J., Yasmine, M., Morris, A., Murdoch, D.R., Premru, M.M., Lejko-Zupanc, T., Almela, M., Ambrosioni, J., Azqueta, M., Brunet, M., Cervera, C., De Lazzari, E., Falces, C., Fuster, D., Garcia-de-la-Mària, C., Garcia-Gonzalez, J., Gatell, J.M., Marco, F., Miró, J.M., Moreno, A., Ortiz, J., Ninot, S., Paré, J.C., Pericas, J.M., Quintana, E., Ramirez, J., Sandoval, E., Sitges, M., Tolosana, J.M., Vidal, B., Vila, J., Bouza, E., Muñoz, P., Rodríguez-Créixems, M., Ramallo, V., Bradley, S., Wray, D., Steed, L., Cantey, R., Peterson, G., Stancoven, A., Woods, C., Corey, G.R., Reller, L.B., Fowler, V.G., Jr., Chu, V.H., Baloch, K., Dixon, C.C., Harding, T., Jones-Richmond, M., Pappas, P., Park, L.P., Redick, T., Stafford, J., Anstrom, K., Bayer, A.S., Cabell, C.H., Karchmer, A.W., Sexton, D.J., Wang, A., Chu, V., Durack, D.T., Eykyn, S., Moreillon, P., Olaison, L., Raoult, D., Rubinstein, E., Pericàs, J.M., Messina, J.A., Park, L., Sharma-Kuinkel, B.K., and Carugati, M.

Published
2017
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16. Reading Comprehension at the Core of the Library Program

Author

Moreillon, Judi

Abstract

Just as the mission of the library program evolves from the school's mission, the goals of school librarians' curriculum and teaching evolves from the needs of administrators and classroom teachers. In the 21st-century, these needs are framed by standards such as Common Core State Standards (CCSS). School librarians also have the American Association of School Librarians (AASL) "Standards for the 21st-Century Learner" that serves as a guide for information literacy standards that correlate easily to the CCSS. The task of aligning the library program with standards initiatives is essential work for 21st-century school librarians. Using this context, how can school librarians best position their work at the core of the academic program? Reading and writing across the curriculum and collaborative literacy teams are central themes of the CCSS. However, most content-area teachers are not taught how to teach reading comprehension during their preservice teacher preparation programs. Many do not think teaching reading (or writing) is or should be their job. This creates a perfect opportunity for a school librarian to practice job-embedded professional development, in which educators learn together in site-based, authentic professional learning opportunities that position school librarians in a leadership role (Yukawa and Harada 2011). Just as athletes "play to their strengths," school librarians can play to their strengths as well. Research shows that the impact of school libraries on student achievement is most evident in the area of reading. Also, library stakeholders, government officials, and the general public already associate libraries with reading. If the question is how school librarians can propel the profession into prominence in the current educational climate, the answer is coteaching reading comprehension strategies. In a collaborative climate focused on literacy improvement, school librarians can serve as teacher leaders as states transition to the CCSS and other literacy initiatives. (Contains 2 figures.)

Published
2012

17. Reading4Life @ Your Library[R]

Author

Moreillon, Judi

Abstract

Reading4Life @ your library[R] (R4L) significantly extends the role of school librarians in the areas of classroom-library collaboration, reading instruction during the inquiry process, and evidence-based practice. With this position paper, AASL clearly places a greater value than it has in the past on the instructional partnership role of the school librarian. In fact, at the December 2006 Vision Summit, representatives from AASL Affiliates from every region of the country placed the instructional partnership role as the highest priority for ensuring the future of the profession. This article focuses on the expanded role of school librarians recommended in the Reading4Life @ your library[R] position statement.

Published
2009

25. Antiplatelet therapy abrogates platelet-assisted Staphylococcus aureus infectivity of biological heart valve conduits.

Author

Ditkowski, Bartosz, Bezulska-Ditkowska, Martyna, Jashari, Ramadan, Baatsen, Pieter, Moreillon, Philippe, Rega, Filip, Veloso, Tiago R., Hoylaerts, Marc F., and Heying, Ruth

Abstract

Although recent advances in pulmonary valve replacement have enabled excellent hemodynamics, infective endocarditis remains a serious complication, particularly for implanted bovine jugular vein (BJV) conduits. We investigated contributions by platelets and plasma fibrinogen to endocarditis initiation on various grafts used for valve replacement. Thus, adherence of Staphylococcus aureus and platelets to 5 graft tissues was studied quantitatively in perfusion chambers, assisted by microscopic analysis. We also evaluated standard antiplatelet therapy to prevent onset of S aureus endocarditis. Of all tissues, bovine pericardium (BP) showed the greatest fibrinogen binding. Perfusion of all plasma-precoated tissues identified BP and BJV wall with the greatest affinity for S aureus. Perfusions of anticoagulated human blood over all tissues also triggered more platelet adhesion to BP and BJV wall as single platelets. Several controls confirmed that both S aureus and platelets were recruited on immobilized fibrinogen. In addition, perfusions (and controls) over plasma-coated tissues with whole blood, spiked with S aureus , revealed that bacteria exclusively bound to adhered platelets. Both the platelet adhesion and platelet-mediated S aureus recruitment required platelet α IIb β 3 and coated or soluble fibrinogen, respectively, interactions abrogated by the α IIb β 3 -antagonist eptifibatide. Also, standard antiplatelet therapy (aspirin/ticagrelor) reduced the adherence of S aureus in blood to BJV 3-fold. Binding of plasma fibrinogen to especially BJV grafts enables adhesion of single platelets via α IIb β 3. S aureus then attaches from blood to (activated) bound platelet α IIb β 3 via plasma fibrinogen. Dual antiplatelet therapy appears a realistic approach to prevent endocarditis and its associated mortality. General experimental study design and impact of dual anti-platelet treatment on infective endocarditis initiation. Discs of various graft tissues were placed in a microparallel flow chamber, allowing perfusion of bacteria, suspended in whole blood over graft tissue surfaces in laminar flow conditions. The optimized setup enables assessment of bacterial adhesion by fluorescence microscopy and a serial dilution method to determine CFUs. Also, platelet adhesion in the flow chamber was quantitatively measured by a colorimetric assay, based on an acid phosphatase test. In the course of these studies, we uncovered that bacteria are exclusively recruited to graft cardiac tissues by adhered active platelets, bridging their activated α IIb β 3 receptor and bacterial ligands via fibrinogen (Fg). This in vitro flow chamber system, therefore, made it possible to investigate whether inhibiting platelet binding with antiaggregant agents would eradicate the platelet-assisted S aureus recruitment to the graft tissue. We found that bacterial adhesion to bovine jugular vein in citrate anticoagulated blood was eliminated by antiplatelet agents such as ASA and TICA, in combination. These results provide a basis for clinical studies on the use of antiplatelet drugs in prevention of S aureus infections, such as infective endocarditis. ASA , Acetylsalicylic acid; TICA , ticagrelor; CFU , colony-forming unit. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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26. Influence of Vancomycin Minimum Inhibitory Concentration on the Outcome of Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Left-Sided Infective Endocarditis Treated with Anti-staphylococcal Beta-Lactam Antibiotics; a Prospective Cohort Study by the International Collaboration on Endocarditis

Author

Athan, E., Harris, O., Korman, T. M., Kotsanas, D., Jones, P., Reinbott, P., Ryan, S., Fortes, C. Q., Garcia, P., Jones, S. B., Barsic, B., Bukovski, S., Selton-Suty, C., Aissa, N., Doco-Lecompte, T., Delahaye, F., Vandenesch, F., Tattevin, P., Hoen, B., Plesiat, P., Giamarellou, H., Giannitsioti, E., Tarpatzi, E., Durante-Mangoni, E., Iossa, D., Orlando, S., Ursi, M. P., Pafundi, P. C., D' Amico, F., Bernardo, M., Cuccurullo, S., Dialetto, G., Covino, F. E., Manduca, S., Della Corte, A., De Feo, M., Tripodi, M. F., Baban, T., Kanafani, Z. A., Kanj, S. S., Sfeir, J., Yasmine, M., Morris, A., Murdoch, D. R., Premru, M. M., Lejko-Zupanc, T., Almela, M., Ambrosioni, J., Azqueta, M., Brunet, M., Cervera, C., De Lazzari, E., Falces, C., Fuster, D., Garcia-de-la-Maria, C., Garcia-Gonzalez, J., Gatell, J. M., Marco, F., Miro, J. M., Moreno, A., Ortiz, J., Ninot, S., Pare, J. C., Pericas, J. M., Quintana, E., Ramirez, J., Sandoval, E., Sitges, M., Tolosana, J. M., Vidal, B., Vila, J., Bouza, E., Rodriguez-Creixems, M., Ramallo, V., Bradley, S., Wray, D., Steed, L., Cantey, R., Peterson, G., Stancoven, A., Woods, C., Corey, G. R., Reller, L. B., Fowler, V. G., Chu, V. H., Messina, J. A., Park, L., Sharma-Kuinkel, B. K., Carugati, M., Munoz, P., Baloch, K., Dixon, C. C., Harding, T., Jones-Richmond, M., Pappas, P., Park, L. P., Redick, T., Stafford, J., Anstrom, K., Bayer, A. S., Cabell, C. H., Karchmer, A. W., Sexton, D. J., Wang, A., Chu, V., Durack, D. T., Eykyn, S., Moreillon, P., Olaison, L., Raoult, D., Rubinstein, E., Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Duke University Medical Center, University of Barcelona, Medical University of South Carolina [Charleston] (MUSC), American University of Beirut [Beyrouth] (AUB), Service des maladies infectieuses et réanimation médicale [Rennes] = Infectious Disease and Intensive Care [Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Université de Tsukuba = University of Tsukuba, Pericàs, J M, Messina, J A, Garcia-de-la-Mària, C, Park, L, Sharma-Kuinkel, B K, Marco, F, Wray, D, Kanafani, Z A, Carugati, M, Durante Mangoni, E, Tattevin, P, Chu, V H, Moreno, A, Fowler, V G, Miró, J M, De Feo, Marisa, Athan, E11, Harris, O11, Korman, Tm12, Kotsanas, D13, Jones, P14, Reinbott, P14, Ryan, S14, Fortes, Cq15, Garcia, P16, Jones, Sb16, Barsic, B17, Bukovski, S17, Selton-Suty, C18, Aissa, N18, Doco-Lecompte, T18, Delahaye, F19, Vandenesch, F19, Tattevin, P20, Hoen, B21, Plesiat, P21, Giamarellou, H22, Giannitsioti, E22, Tarpatzi, E22, Durante-Mangoni, E23, Iossa, D23, Orlando, S23, Ursi, Mp23, Pafundi, Pc23, D' Amico, F23, Bernardo, M23, Cuccurullo, S23, Dialetto, G23, Covino, Fe23, Manduca, S23, DELLA CORTE, Alessandro, De Feo, M23, Tripodi, Mf24, Baban, T25, Kanafani, Za25, Kanj, Ss25, Sfeir, J25, Yasmine, M25, Morris, A26, Murdoch, Dr27, Premru, Mm28, Lejko-Zupanc, T28, Almela, M29, Ambrosioni, J29, Azqueta, M29, Brunet, M29, Cervera, C29, De Lazzari, E29, Falces, C29, Fuster, D29, Garcia-de-la-Mària, C29, Garcia-Gonzalez, J29, Gatell, Jm29, Marco, F29, Miró, Jm29, Moreno, A29, Ortiz, J29, Ninot, S29, Paré, Jc29, Pericas, Jm29, Quintana, E29, Ramirez, J29, Sandoval, E29, Sitges, M29, Tolosana, Jm29, Vidal, B29, Vila, J29, Bouza, E30, Muñoz, P, Rodríguez-Créixems, M30, Ramallo, V30, Bradley, S31, Wray, D32, Steed, L32, Cantey, R32, Peterson, G33, Stancoven, A33, Woods, C34, Corey, Gr34, Reller, Lb34, Fowler VG, Jr34, Chu, Vh34, Baloch, K, Chu, Vh, Corey, Gr, Dixon, Cc, Fowler VG, Jr, Harding, T, Jones-Richmond, M, Pappas, P, Park, Lp, Redick, T, Stafford, J, Anstrom, K, Athan, E, Bayer, A, Cabell, Ch, Hoen, B, Karchmer, Aw, Miró, Jm, Murdoch, Dr, Sexton, Dj, Wang, A, Chu, V, Durack, Dt, Eykyn, S, Moreillon, P, Olaison, L, Raoult, D, Rubinstein, E, and Sexton, Dj.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, medicine.disease_cause, 0302 clinical medicine, 80 and over, Medicaments antibacterians, 030212 general & internal medicine, Endocarditi, Prospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, Endocarditis, Bacterial, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Staphylococcal Infections, 3. Good health, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Fenotip, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Treatment Outcome, Phenotype, Staphylococcus aureus, Infective endocarditis, Staphylococcus aureu, Vancomycin, Genotype, Vancomycin MIC, Adult, Aged, Endocarditis, Bacterial, Female, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Molecular Typing, Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction, Survival Analysis, Virulence Factors, beta-Lactams, medicine.drug, Microbiology (medical), 030106 microbiology, Biology, Staphylococcal infections, Article, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Minimum inhibitory concentration, medicine, Etest, Endocarditis Staphylococcus aureus, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, medicine.disease, Antibacterial agents, Methicillin Susceptible Staphylococcus Aureus
Abstract

Objectives: Left-sided methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) endocarditis treated with cloxacillin has a poorer prognosis when the vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is >= 1.5 mg/L. We aimed to validate this using the International Collaboration on Endocarditis cohort and to analyse whether specific genetic characteristics were associated with a high vancomycin MIC (> 1.5mg/L) phenotype.Methods: All patients with left-sided MSSA infective endocarditis treated with antistaphylococcal beta-lactam antibiotics between 2000 and 2006 with available isolates were included. Vancomycin MIC was determined by Etest as either high (>= 1.5 mg/L) or low (

Published
2017
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27. The role of antiaggregant agents and anticoagulants in the prevention of aortic valve endocarditis: A double-cohort retrospective study

Author

Theys, Hanne, Van den Eynde, Jef, Herregods, Marie-Christine, Moreillon, Philippe, Heying, Ruth, and Oosterlinck, Wouter

Abstract

Antiaggregants (Ag) could prevent infective endocarditis (IE) in preclinical studies. In this study we investigated whether Ag or anticoagulants (Ac) were also protective in humans.

Published
2021
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30. A positive interaction between inhibitors of protein synthesis and cefepime in the fight against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Author

Guignard, B., Vouillamoz, J., Giddey, M., Moreillon, P., Guignard, B., Vouillamoz, J., Giddey, M., and Moreillon, P.

Abstract

Quinupristin-dalfopristin (Q-D) synergizes with cefepime for the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Here, we studied whether the synergism was restricted to MRSA and if it extended to non-beta-lactam cell wall inhibitors or to other inhibitors of protein synthesis. Three MRSA and two methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) strains were tested, including an isogenic pair of mecA −/mecA + S. aureus Newman. The drug interactions were determined by fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) indices and population analysis profiles. The antibacterial drugs that we used included beta-lactam (cefepime) and non-beta-lactam cell wall inhibitors (D-cycloserine, fosfomycin, vancomycin, teicoplanin), inhibitors of protein synthesis (Q-D, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, linezolid, fusidic acid), and polynucleotide inhibitors (cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin). The addition of each protein inhibitor to cefepime was synergistic (FIC ≤ 0.5) or additive (FIC > 0.5 but < 1) against MRSA, but mostly indifferent against MSSA (FIC ≥ 1 but ≤ 4). This segregation was not observed after adding cotrimoxazole or ciprofloxacin to cefepime. Population analysis profiles were performed on plates in the presence of increasing concentrations of the cell wall inhibitors plus 0.25 × minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Q-D. Cefepime combined with Q-D was synergistic against MRSA, but D-cycloserine and glycopeptides were not. Thus, the synergism was specific to beta-lactam antibiotics. Moreover, the synergism was not lost against fem mutants, indicating that it acted at another level. The restriction of the beneficial effect to MRSA suggests that the functionality of penicillin-binding protein 2A (PBP2A) was affected, either directly or indirectly. Further studies are necessary in order to provide a mechanism for this positive interaction

Published
2018

36. Influence of vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration on the outcome of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus left-sided infective endocarditis treated with antistaphylococcal β-lactam antibiotics: a prospective cohort study by the International Collaboration on Endocarditis

Author

Pericàs, J.M., primary, Messina, J.A., additional, Garcia-de-la-Mària, C., additional, Park, L., additional, Sharma-Kuinkel, B.K., additional, Marco, F., additional, Wray, D., additional, Kanafani, Z.A., additional, Carugati, M., additional, Durante-Mangoni, E., additional, Tattevin, P., additional, Chu, V.H., additional, Moreno, A., additional, Fowler, V.G., additional, Miró, J.M., additional, Athan, E., additional, Harris, O., additional, Korman, T.M., additional, Kotsanas, D., additional, Jones, P., additional, Reinbott, P., additional, Ryan, S., additional, Fortes, C.Q., additional, Garcia, P., additional, Jones, S.B., additional, Barsic, B., additional, Bukovski, S., additional, Selton-Suty, C., additional, Aissa, N., additional, Doco-Lecompte, T., additional, Delahaye, F., additional, Vandenesch, F., additional, Hoen, B., additional, Plesiat, P., additional, Giamarellou, H., additional, Giannitsioti, E., additional, Tarpatzi, E., additional, Iossa, D., additional, Orlando, S., additional, Ursi, M.P., additional, Pafundi, P.C., additional, D' Amico, F., additional, Bernardo, M., additional, Cuccurullo, S., additional, Dialetto, G., additional, Covino, F.E., additional, Manduca, S., additional, Della Corte, A., additional, De Feo, M., additional, Tripodi, M.F., additional, Baban, T., additional, Kanj, S.S., additional, Sfeir, J., additional, Yasmine, M., additional, Morris, A., additional, Murdoch, D.R., additional, Premru, M.M., additional, Lejko-Zupanc, T., additional, Almela, M., additional, Ambrosioni, J., additional, Azqueta, M., additional, Brunet, M., additional, Cervera, C., additional, De Lazzari, E., additional, Falces, C., additional, Fuster, D., additional, Garcia-Gonzalez, J., additional, Gatell, J.M., additional, Ortiz, J., additional, Ninot, S., additional, Paré, J.C., additional, Pericas, J.M., additional, Quintana, E., additional, Ramirez, J., additional, Sandoval, E., additional, Sitges, M., additional, Tolosana, J.M., additional, Vidal, B., additional, Vila, J., additional, Bouza, E., additional, Muñoz, P., additional, Rodríguez-Créixems, M., additional, Ramallo, V., additional, Bradley, S., additional, Steed, L., additional, Cantey, R., additional, Peterson, G., additional, Stancoven, A., additional, Woods, C., additional, Corey, G.R., additional, Reller, L.B., additional, Baloch, K., additional, Dixon, C.C., additional, Harding, T., additional, Jones-Richmond, M., additional, Pappas, P., additional, Park, L.P., additional, Redick, T., additional, Stafford, J., additional, Anstrom, K., additional, Bayer, A.S., additional, Cabell, C.H., additional, Karchmer, A.W., additional, Sexton, D.J., additional, Wang, A., additional, Chu, V., additional, Durack, D.T., additional, Eykyn, S., additional, Moreillon, P., additional, Olaison, L., additional, Raoult, D., additional, and Rubinstein, E., additional

Published
2017
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37. Influence of vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration on the outcome of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus left-sided infective endocarditis treated with antistaphylococcal beta-lactam antibiotics: a prospective cohort study by the International Collaboration on Endocarditis.

Author

Ambrosioni J., Covino F.E., Manduca S., Della Corte A., De Feo M., Tripodi M.F., Baban T., Kanj S.S., Sfeir J., Yasmine M., Morris A., Murdoch D.R., Premru M.M., Lejko-Zupanc T., Almela M., Azqueta M., Brunet M., Cervera C., De Lazzari E., Falces C., Fuster D., Garcia-Gonzalez J., Gatell J.M., Ortiz J., Ninot S., Pare J.C., Quintana E., Ramirez J., Sandoval E., Sitges M., Tolosana J.M., Vidal B., Vila J., Bouza E., Rodriguez-Creixems M., Ramallo V., Bradley S., Steed L., Cantey R., Peterson G., Stancoven A., Woods C., Reller L.B., Pericas J.M., Garcia-de-la-Maria C., Moreno A., Marco F., Sharma-Kuinkel B.K., Carugati M., Messina J.A., Park L., Wray D., Kanafani Z.A., Tattevin P., Munoz P., Baloch K., Dixon C.C., Harding T., Jones-Richmond M., Pappas P., Park L.P., Redick T., Stafford J., Anstrom K., Athan E., Chu V.H., Karchmer A.W., Wang A., Bayer A.S., Cabell C.H., Chu V., Corey G.R., Durack D.T., Eykyn S., Fowler V.G., Hoen B., Miro J.M., Sexton D.J., Moreillon P., Olaison L., Raoult D., Rubinstein E., Harris O., Korman T.M., Kotsanas D., Jones P., Reinbott P., Ryan S., Fortes C.Q., Garcia P., Jones S.B., Barsic B., Bukovski S., Selton-Suty C., Aissa N., Doco-Lecompte T., Delahaye F., Vandenesch F., Plesiat P., Giamarellou H., Giannitsioti E., Tarpatzi E., Durante-Mangoni E., Iossa D., Orlando S., Ursi M.P., Pafundi P.C., D' Amico F., Bernardo M., Cuccurullo S., Dialetto G., Ambrosioni J., Covino F.E., Manduca S., Della Corte A., De Feo M., Tripodi M.F., Baban T., Kanj S.S., Sfeir J., Yasmine M., Morris A., Murdoch D.R., Premru M.M., Lejko-Zupanc T., Almela M., Azqueta M., Brunet M., Cervera C., De Lazzari E., Falces C., Fuster D., Garcia-Gonzalez J., Gatell J.M., Ortiz J., Ninot S., Pare J.C., Quintana E., Ramirez J., Sandoval E., Sitges M., Tolosana J.M., Vidal B., Vila J., Bouza E., Rodriguez-Creixems M., Ramallo V., Bradley S., Steed L., Cantey R., Peterson G., Stancoven A., Woods C., Reller L.B., Pericas J.M., Garcia-de-la-Maria C., Moreno A., Marco F., Sharma-Kuinkel B.K., Carugati M., Messina J.A., Park L., Wray D., Kanafani Z.A., Tattevin P., Munoz P., Baloch K., Dixon C.C., Harding T., Jones-Richmond M., Pappas P., Park L.P., Redick T., Stafford J., Anstrom K., Athan E., Chu V.H., Karchmer A.W., Wang A., Bayer A.S., Cabell C.H., Chu V., Corey G.R., Durack D.T., Eykyn S., Fowler V.G., Hoen B., Miro J.M., Sexton D.J., Moreillon P., Olaison L., Raoult D., Rubinstein E., Harris O., Korman T.M., Kotsanas D., Jones P., Reinbott P., Ryan S., Fortes C.Q., Garcia P., Jones S.B., Barsic B., Bukovski S., Selton-Suty C., Aissa N., Doco-Lecompte T., Delahaye F., Vandenesch F., Plesiat P., Giamarellou H., Giannitsioti E., Tarpatzi E., Durante-Mangoni E., Iossa D., Orlando S., Ursi M.P., Pafundi P.C., D' Amico F., Bernardo M., Cuccurullo S., and Dialetto G.

Abstract

Objectives Left-sided methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) endocarditis treated with cloxacillin has a poorer prognosis when the vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is >=1.5 mg/L. We aimed to validate this using the International Collaboration on Endocarditis cohort and to analyse whether specific genetic characteristics were associated with a high vancomycin MIC (>=1.5 mg/L) phenotype. Methods All patients with left-sided MSSA infective endocarditis treated with antistaphylococcal beta-lactam antibiotics between 2000 and 2006 with available isolates were included. Vancomycin MIC was determined by Etest as either high (>=1.5 mg/L) or low (<1.5 mg/L). Isolates underwent spa typing to infer clonal complexes and multiplex PCR for identifying virulence genes. Univariate analysis was performed to evaluate the association between in-hospital and 1-year mortality, and vancomycin MIC phenotype. Results Sixty-two cases met the inclusion criteria. Vancomycin MIC was low in 28 cases (45%) and high in 34 cases (55%). No significant differences in patient demographic data or characteristics of infection were observed between patients with infective endocarditis due to high and low vancomycin MIC isolates. Isolates with high and low vancomycin MIC had similar distributions of virulence genes and clonal lineages. In-hospital and 1-year mortality did not differ significantly between the two groups (32% (9/28) vs. 27% (9/34), p 0.780; and 43% (12/28) vs. 29% (10/34), p 0.298, for low and high vancomycin MIC respectively). Conclusions In this international cohort of patients with left-sided MSSA endocarditis treated with antistaphylococcal beta-lactams, vancomycin MIC phenotype was not associated with patient demographics, clinical outcome or virulence gene repertoire.Copyright © 2017 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Published
2017

39. Mechanisms of Successful Amoxicillin Prophylaxis of Experimental Endocarditis Due to Streptococcus intermedius

Author

Moreillon, P., Francioli, P., Overholser, D., Meylan, P., Glauser, M. P., Moreillon, P., Francioli, P., Overholser, D., Meylan, P., and Glauser, M. P.

Abstract

Prophylaxis with amoxicillin (40 mg/kg) was studied in rats with aortic valve vegetations. Bacteria on the valves were quantitated early (10 min to 6 hr) and late (three days) after intravenous challenge with tolerant Streptococcus intermedius. Amoxicillin reduced by 40% the number of bacteria per valve 10 min after intravenous challenge with 105 S. intermedius (P < .05) and by 74% the incidence of endocarditis three days thereafter (P < .0001). Bacterial multiplication started 2 hr after challenge in control rats, whereas bacteria disappeared in 6 hr in amoxicillin-treated rats. Intravenous penicillinase 30 min after challenge abolished successful amoxicillin prophylaxis, a result demonstrating the necessity of prolonged growth inhibition for protection. Growth inhibition for 18 hr (two subsequent amoxicillin doses) was necessary for protection after intravenous challenge with 105 S. intermedius. Thus, in the absence of bacterial killing, inhibition of valvular colonization by amoxicillin was not as important a mechanism of endocarditis prophylaxis as was prolonged inhibition of bacterial growth, which allowed adherent bacteria to be cleared from the valves

Published
2017

40. Expression of SCCmec cassette chromosome recombinases in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis

Author

Stojanov, M., Sakwinska, O., Moreillon, P., Stojanov, M., Sakwinska, O., and Moreillon, P.

Abstract

Objectives Methicillin resistance in staphylococci is mediated by the mecA gene, which is carried on the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). SCCmec is responsible for vertical and horizontal transfer of methicillin resistance. Horizontal transfer implies first SCCmec excision from the chromosome. Site-specific excision is catalysed by the Ccr recombinases, which are encoded by ccrAB genes located on the cassette. The aim of this study is to determine the promoter activity of ccrAB genes in individual cells of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (N315, COL and MW2) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (RP62A). One mutant cured of its SCCmec (N315EX) was also used. Exposure to various stresses was included in the study. Methods For each strain, translational promoter-green fluorescent protein (gfp) fusions were used to assess the levels of ccr promoter activity in individual cells. Analyses were performed using epifluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Results ccr promoter activity was observed in only a small percentage of cell populations. This ‘bistable' phenotype was strain dependent (GFP was expressed in N315 and RP62A, but not in COL and MW2) and growth dependent (GFP-expressing cells decreased from approximately 3% to 1% between logarithmic and stationary growth phases). The ccr promoter of strain N315 displayed normal promoter activity when expressed in SCCmec-negative N315EX. Likewise, the ccr promoter of strain COL (which was inactive in COL) showed normal N315-like activity when transformed into N315 and N315EX. Conclusions SCCmec excision operates through bistability, favouring a small fraction of cells to ‘sacrifice' their genomic islands for transfer, while the rest of the population remains intact. Determinants responsible for the activity of the ccr promoter were not located on SCCmec, but were elsewhere on the genome. Thus, the staphylococcal chromosome plays a key role in determining SCCmec stability and transferability

Published
2017

41. Predictors of Endocarditis in Isolates from Cultures of Blood Following Dental Extractions in Rats with Periodontal Disease

Author

Moreillon, P., Overholser, C. D., Malinverni, R., Bille, J., Glauser, M. P., Moreillon, P., Overholser, C. D., Malinverni, R., Bille, J., and Glauser, M. P.

Abstract

Rats with periodontitis and catheter-induced aortic valve vegetations underwent dental extractions. Cultures of blood obtained 1 min later showed polymicrobial bacteremia in 19 of 19 rats, mostly due to viridans streptococci (18 of 19), Morganella (15 of 19), group G streptococci (13 of 19), and Staphylococcus aureus (10 of 19). Viridans streptococci circulated in higher numbers than did group G streptococci and S. aureus (P < .01). Three days after dental extractions, 18 of 20 rats had endocarditis. Fifteen (83%) of 18 infections were due to group G streptococci, 9 (50%) of 18 were due to S. aureus, and 2 (11%) of 18 were due to viridans streptococci (P < .05). In vitro, adherence to platelet-fibrin matrices of endocarditis strain 8 of group G streptococcus was two times greater than that of endocarditis strain S. aureus 23 and three to four times greater than that of Streptococcus sanguis 44 and Morganella morganii 93 (P < 10−5). The inoculum size that produced endocarditis in 90% of rats after iv challenge was 105 cfu for group G streptococcus strain 8 and 107 for S. sanguis 44

Published
2017

42. Unusual Spread of a Penicillin-Susceptible Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clone in a Geographic Area of Low Incidence

Author

Blanc, D. S., Petignat, C., Moreillon, P., Entenza, J. M., Eisenring, M.-C, Kleiber, H., Wenger, A., Troillet, N., Blanc, C.-H, Francioli, P., Blanc, D. S., Petignat, C., Moreillon, P., Entenza, J. M., Eisenring, M.-C, Kleiber, H., Wenger, A., Troillet, N., Blanc, C.-H, and Francioli, P.

Abstract

We describe the unusual spread of a penicillin-susceptible methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clone in hospitals in western Switzerland, where the incidence of MRSA is usually low. During a 2-year period, this clone had been responsible for several outbreaks and had been isolated from >156 persons in 21 institutions. Molecular typing by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) demonstrated that all of these isolates belonged to the same clone. In 1 of the outbreaks, involving 30 cases, the clone was responsible for at least 17 secondary cases. In contrast, during the period of the latter outbreak, 9 other patients harboring different MRSA strains, as assessed by PFGE, were hospitalized in the same wards, but no secondary cases occurred. These observations suggest that this clone, compared with other MRSA strains, had some intrinsic factor(s) that contributed to its ability to disseminate and could thus be considered epidemic

Published
2017

43. Successful Single-Dose Amoxicillin Prophylaxis Against Experimental Streptococcal Endocarditis: Evidence for Two Mechanisms of Protection

Author

Glauser, M. P., Bernard, J. P., Moreillon, P., Francioli, P., Glauser, M. P., Bernard, J. P., Moreillon, P., and Francioli, P.

Abstract

Amoxicillin prophylaxis against experimental endocarditis due to one nontolerant and two tolerant strains of streptococci was studied in rats. Single-dose amoxicillin protected against the two tolerant strains in animals challenged with the 90% infective dose (ID90), but protection diminished with increasing inoculum sizes. Protection against the nontolerant strain was successful with inocula that were 100-and I,OOO-fold larger than the ID90. Close correlation existed between the speed of bacterial killing in vitro, the time of exposure to bactericidal levels in vivo, and the range of inocula against which prophylaxis was effective. Amoxicillin seemed to protect by at least two mechanisms. (1) When in vitro tests indicated adequate bacterial killing, protection was independent of the inoculum size and was probably conferred by bacterial killing. (2) When in vitro tests indicated bacterial inhibition but not. killing, protection was inoculum-dependent and was probably mediated by inhibition of bacterial adherence

Published
2017

44. Impact of early valve surgery on outcome of staphylococcus aureus prosthetic valve infective endocarditis: Analysis in the international collaboration of endocarditis-prospective cohort study.

Author

Vincelj J., Sexton D.J., Corey G.R., Chu V.H., Wang A., Erpelding M.-L., Durante-Mangoni E., Fernandez-Hidalgo N., Giannitsioti E., Hannan M.M., Lejko-Zupanc T., Pare C., Pericas J., Ramirez J., Rovira I., Sitges M., Anguera I., Font B., Guma J.R., Bermejo J., Bouza E., Fernandez M.A.G., Gonzalez-Ramallo V., Marin M., Pedromingo M., Roda J., Rodriguez-Creixems M., Solis J., Almirante B., Tornos P., De Alarcon A., Parra R., Alestig E., Johansson M., Olaison L., Snygg-Martin U., Pachirat O., Pachirat P., Pussadhamma B., Senthong V., Casey A., Elliott T., Lambert P., Watkin R., Eyton C., Klein J.L., Bradley S., Kauffman C., Bedimo R., Crowley A.L., Douglas P., Drew L., Holland T., Lalani T., Mudrick D., Samad Z., Stryjewski M., Woods C.W., Lerakis S., Cantey R., Steed L., Wray D., Dickerman S.A., Bonilla H., Di Persio J., Salstrom S.-J., Baddley J., Patel M., Peterson G., Stancoven A., Afonso L., Kulman T., Levine D., Rybak M., Cabell C.H., Baloch K., Dixon C.C., Harding T., Jones-Richmond M., Pappas P., Park L.P., Redick T., Stafford J., Anstrom K., Bayer A.S., Karchmer A.W., Durack D.T., Eykyn S., Moreillon P., Chirouze C., Alla F., Fowler V.G., Miro J.M., Munoz P., Murdoch D.R., Tattevin P., Tribouilloy C., Hoen B., Clara L., Sanchez M., Nacinovich F., Oses P.F., Ronderos R., Sucari A., Thierer J., Casabe J., Cortes C., Altclas J., Kogan S., Spelman D., Athan E., Harris O., Kennedy K., Tan R., Gordon D., Papanicolas L., Eisen D., Grigg L., Street A., Korman T., Kotsanas D., Dever R., Konecny P., Lawrence R., Rees D., Ryan S., Feneley M.P., Harkness J., Jones P., Post J., Reinbott P., Gattringer R., Wiesbauer F., Andrade A.R., De Brito A.C.P., Guimaraes A.C., Grinberg M., Mansur A.J., Siciliano R.F., Strabelli T.M.V., Vieira M.L.C., De Medeiros Tranchesi R.A., Paiva M.G., Fortes C.Q., De Oliveira Ramos A., Ferraiuoli G., Golebiovski W., Lamas C., Santos M., Weksler C., Karlowsky J.A., Keynan Y., Morris A.M., Rubinstein E., Jones S.B., Garcia P., Cereceda M., Fica A., Mella R.M., Barsic B., Bukovski S., Krajinovic V., Pangercic A., Rudez I., Freiberger T., Pol J., Zaloudikova B., Zainab A., El Kholy A., Mishaal M., Rizk H., Aissa N., Alauzet C., Campagnac C., Doco-Lecompte T., Selton-Suty C., Casalta J.-P., Fournier P.-E., Habib G., Raoult D., Thuny F., Delahaye F., Delahaye A., Vandenesch F., Donal E., Donnio P.Y., Michelet C., Revest M., Violette J., Chevalier F., Jeu A., Rusinaru D.M.D., Sorel C., Bernard Y., Leroy J., Plesiat P., Naber C., Neuerburg C., Mazaheri B., Athanasia S., Deliolanis I., Giamarellou H., Tsaganos T., Mylona E., Paniara O., Papanicolaou K., Pyros J., Skoutelis A., Sharma G., Francis J., Nair L., Thomas V., Venugopal K., Hurley J., Gilon D., Israel S., Korem M., Strahilevitz J., Casillo R., Cuccurullo S., Dialetto G., Irene M., Ragone E., Tripodi M.F., Utili R., Cecchi E., De Rosa F., Forno D., Imazio M., Trinchero R., Tebini A., Grossi P., Lattanzio M., Toniolo A., Goglio A., Raglio A., Ravasio V., Rizzi M., Suter F., Carosi G., Magri S., Signorini L., Baban T., Kanafani Z., Kanj S.S., Yasmine M., Abidin I., Tamin S.S., Martinez E.R., Nieto G.I.S., Van Der Meer J.T.M., Chambers S., Holland D., Morris A., Raymond N., Read K., Dragulescu S., Ionac A., Mornos C., Butkevich O.M., Chipigina N., Kirill O., Vadim K., Vinogradova T., Edathodu J., Halim M., Lum L.-N., Tan R.-S., Logar M., Mueller-Premru M., Commerford P., Commerford A., Deetlefs E., Hansa C., Ntsekhe M., Almela M., Armero Y., Azqueta M., Castaneda X., Cervera C., Del Rio A., Falces C., Garcia-De-La-Maria C., Fita G., Gatell J.M., Marco F., Mestres C.A., Moreno A., Ninot S., Vincelj J., Sexton D.J., Corey G.R., Chu V.H., Wang A., Erpelding M.-L., Durante-Mangoni E., Fernandez-Hidalgo N., Giannitsioti E., Hannan M.M., Lejko-Zupanc T., Pare C., Pericas J., Ramirez J., Rovira I., Sitges M., Anguera I., Font B., Guma J.R., Bermejo J., Bouza E., Fernandez M.A.G., Gonzalez-Ramallo V., Marin M., Pedromingo M., Roda J., Rodriguez-Creixems M., Solis J., Almirante B., Tornos P., De Alarcon A., Parra R., Alestig E., Johansson M., Olaison L., Snygg-Martin U., Pachirat O., Pachirat P., Pussadhamma B., Senthong V., Casey A., Elliott T., Lambert P., Watkin R., Eyton C., Klein J.L., Bradley S., Kauffman C., Bedimo R., Crowley A.L., Douglas P., Drew L., Holland T., Lalani T., Mudrick D., Samad Z., Stryjewski M., Woods C.W., Lerakis S., Cantey R., Steed L., Wray D., Dickerman S.A., Bonilla H., Di Persio J., Salstrom S.-J., Baddley J., Patel M., Peterson G., Stancoven A., Afonso L., Kulman T., Levine D., Rybak M., Cabell C.H., Baloch K., Dixon C.C., Harding T., Jones-Richmond M., Pappas P., Park L.P., Redick T., Stafford J., Anstrom K., Bayer A.S., Karchmer A.W., Durack D.T., Eykyn S., Moreillon P., Chirouze C., Alla F., Fowler V.G., Miro J.M., Munoz P., Murdoch D.R., Tattevin P., Tribouilloy C., Hoen B., Clara L., Sanchez M., Nacinovich F., Oses P.F., Ronderos R., Sucari A., Thierer J., Casabe J., Cortes C., Altclas J., Kogan S., Spelman D., Athan E., Harris O., Kennedy K., Tan R., Gordon D., Papanicolas L., Eisen D., Grigg L., Street A., Korman T., Kotsanas D., Dever R., Konecny P., Lawrence R., Rees D., Ryan S., Feneley M.P., Harkness J., Jones P., Post J., Reinbott P., Gattringer R., Wiesbauer F., Andrade A.R., De Brito A.C.P., Guimaraes A.C., Grinberg M., Mansur A.J., Siciliano R.F., Strabelli T.M.V., Vieira M.L.C., De Medeiros Tranchesi R.A., Paiva M.G., Fortes C.Q., De Oliveira Ramos A., Ferraiuoli G., Golebiovski W., Lamas C., Santos M., Weksler C., Karlowsky J.A., Keynan Y., Morris A.M., Rubinstein E., Jones S.B., Garcia P., Cereceda M., Fica A., Mella R.M., Barsic B., Bukovski S., Krajinovic V., Pangercic A., Rudez I., Freiberger T., Pol J., Zaloudikova B., Zainab A., El Kholy A., Mishaal M., Rizk H., Aissa N., Alauzet C., Campagnac C., Doco-Lecompte T., Selton-Suty C., Casalta J.-P., Fournier P.-E., Habib G., Raoult D., Thuny F., Delahaye F., Delahaye A., Vandenesch F., Donal E., Donnio P.Y., Michelet C., Revest M., Violette J., Chevalier F., Jeu A., Rusinaru D.M.D., Sorel C., Bernard Y., Leroy J., Plesiat P., Naber C., Neuerburg C., Mazaheri B., Athanasia S., Deliolanis I., Giamarellou H., Tsaganos T., Mylona E., Paniara O., Papanicolaou K., Pyros J., Skoutelis A., Sharma G., Francis J., Nair L., Thomas V., Venugopal K., Hurley J., Gilon D., Israel S., Korem M., Strahilevitz J., Casillo R., Cuccurullo S., Dialetto G., Irene M., Ragone E., Tripodi M.F., Utili R., Cecchi E., De Rosa F., Forno D., Imazio M., Trinchero R., Tebini A., Grossi P., Lattanzio M., Toniolo A., Goglio A., Raglio A., Ravasio V., Rizzi M., Suter F., Carosi G., Magri S., Signorini L., Baban T., Kanafani Z., Kanj S.S., Yasmine M., Abidin I., Tamin S.S., Martinez E.R., Nieto G.I.S., Van Der Meer J.T.M., Chambers S., Holland D., Morris A., Raymond N., Read K., Dragulescu S., Ionac A., Mornos C., Butkevich O.M., Chipigina N., Kirill O., Vadim K., Vinogradova T., Edathodu J., Halim M., Lum L.-N., Tan R.-S., Logar M., Mueller-Premru M., Commerford P., Commerford A., Deetlefs E., Hansa C., Ntsekhe M., Almela M., Armero Y., Azqueta M., Castaneda X., Cervera C., Del Rio A., Falces C., Garcia-De-La-Maria C., Fita G., Gatell J.M., Marco F., Mestres C.A., Moreno A., and Ninot S.

Abstract

Background. The impact of early valve surgery (EVS) on the outcome of Staphylococcus aureus (SA) prosthetic valve infective endocarditis (PVIE) is unresolved. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between EVS, performed within the first 60 days of hospitalization, and outcome of SA PVIE within the International Collaboration on Endocarditis-Prospective Cohort Study. Methods. Participants were enrolled between June 2000 and December 2006. Cox proportional hazards modeling that included surgery as a time-dependent covariate and propensity adjustment for likelihood to receive cardiac surgery was used to evaluate the impact of EVS and 1-year all-cause mortality on patients with definite left-sided S. aureus PVIE and no history of injection drug use. Results. EVS was performed in 74 of the 168 (44.3%) patients. One-year mortality was significantly higher among patients with S. aureus PVIE than in patients with non-S. aureus PVIE (48.2% vs 32.9%; P = .003). Staphylococcus aureus PVIE patients who underwent EVS had a significantly lower 1-year mortality rate (33.8% vs 59.1%; P = .001). In multivariate, propensity-adjusted models, EVS was not associated with 1-year mortality (risk ratio, 0.67 [95% confidence interval, .39-1.15]; P = .15). Conclusions. In this prospective, multinational cohort of patients with S. aureus PVIE, EVS was not associated with reduced 1-year mortality. The decision to pursue EVS should be individualized for each patient, based upon infection-specific characteristics rather than solely upon the microbiology of the infection causing PVIE.Copyright © The Author 2014.

Published
2015

45. Candida infective endocarditis: An observational cohort study with a focus on therapy.

Author

Campagnac C., Llopis J., Marco F., Mestres C.A., Moreno A., Ninot S., Pare C., Pericas J.M., Ramirez J., Rovira I., Sitges M., Anguera I., Font B., Guma J.R., Bermejo J., Bouza E., Leoni M.E.G., Robles J.A.G., Ramallo V.G., Cruz A.F., Kestler M., Marin M., Selles M.M., Abella H.R., Roda J.R., Lopez R.A., Pinilla B., Pinto A., Valerio M., Vazquez P., Verde E., Almirante B., De Alarcon A., Parra R., Alestig E., Johansson M., Olaison L., Snygg-Martin U., Pachirat O., Pachirat P., Pussadhamma B., Senthong V., Casey A., Elliott T., Lambert P., Watkin R., Eyton C., Klein J.L., Kauffman C., Bedimo R., Corey G.R., Crowley A.L., Douglas P., Drew L., Fowler V.G., Holland T., Lalani T., Mudrick D., Samad Z., Sexton D., Stryjewski M., Wang A., Woods C.W., Lerakis S., Cantey R., Steed L., Wray D., Dickerman S.A., Bonilla H., DiPersio J., Salstrom S.-J., Baddley J., Patel M., Peterson G., Stancoven A., Levine D., Riddle J., Rybak M., Cabell C.H., Baloch K., Dixon C.C., Harding T., Jones-Richmond M., Park L.P., Sanderford B., Stafford J., Anstrom K., Karchmer A.W., Sexton D.J., Durack D.T., Eykyn S., Moreillon P., Sexton. D.J., Arnold C.J., Johnson M., Bayer A.S., Bradley S., Giannitsioti E., Miro J.M., Tornos P., Tattevin P., Strahilevitz J., Spelman D., Athan E., Nacinovich F., Lamas C., Barsic B., Fernandez-Hidalgo N., Munoz P., Chu V.H., Clara L., Sanchez M., Casabe J., Cortes C., Oses P.F., Ronderos R., Sucari A., Thierer J., Altclas J., Kogan S., Harris O., Kennedy K., Tan R., Gordon D., Papanicolas L., Korman T., Kotsanas D., Dever R., Jones P., Konecny P., Lawrence R., Rees D., Ryan S., Feneley M.P., Harkness J., Post J., Reinbott P., Gattringer R., Wiesbauer F., Andrade A.R., De Brito A.C.P., Guimaraes A.C., Grinberg M., Mansur A.J., Siciliano R.F., Strabelli T.M.V., Vieira M.L.C., De Medeiros Tranchesi R.A., Paiva M.G., Fortes C.Q., De Oliveira Ramos A., Weksler C., Ferraiuoli G., Golebiovski W., Karlowsky J.A., Keynan Y., Morris A.M., Rubinstein E., Jones S.B., Garcia P., Cereceda M., Fica A., Mella R.M., Fernandez R., Franco L., Gonzalez J., Jaramillo A.N., Bukovski S., Krajinovic V., Pangercic A., Rudez I., Vincelj J., Freiberger T., Pol J., Zaloudikova B., Ashour Z., Kholy A.E., Mishaal M., Osama D., Rizk H., Aissa N., Alauzet C., Alla F., Doco-Lecompte T., Selton-Suty C., Casalta J.-P., Fournier P.-E., Habib G., Raoult D., Thuny F., Delahaye F., Delahaye A., Vandenesch F., Donal E., Donnio P.Y., Flecher E., Michelet C., Revest M., Chevalier F., Jeu A., Remadi J.P., Rusinaru D., Tribouilloy C., Bernard Y., Chirouze C., Hoen B., Leroy J., Plesiat P., Naber C., Neuerburg C., Mazaheri B., Helen G., Sofia A., Ioannis D., Thomas T., Mylona E., Paniara O., Papanicolaou K., Pyros J., Skoutelis A., Sharma G., Francis J., Nair L., Thomas V., Venugopal K., Hannan M.M., Hurley J.P., Cahan A., Gilon D., Israel S., Korem M., Durante-Mangoni E., Mattucci I., Pinto D., Agrusta F., Senese A., Ragone E., Utili R., Cecchi E., De Rosa F., Forno D., Imazio M., Trinchero R., Grossi P., Lattanzio M., Toniolo A., Goglio A., Raglio A., Ravasio V., Rizzi M., Suter F., Carosi G., Magri S., Signorini L., Kanafani Z., Kanj S.S., Sharif-Yakan A., Abidin I., Tamin S.S., Martinez E.R., Nieto G.I.S., Van Der Meer J.T.M., Chambers S., Holland D., Morris A., Raymond N., Read K., Murdoch D.R., Dragulescu S., Ionac A., Mornos C., Butkevich O.M., Chipigina N., Kirill O., Vadim K., Vinogradova T., Edathodu J., Halim M., Liew Y.-Y., Tan R.-S., Lejko-Zupanc T., Logar M., Mueller-Premru M., Commerford P., Commerford A., Deetlefs E., Hansa C., Ntsekhe M., Almela M., Armero Y., Azqueta M., Castaneda X., Cervera C., Falces C., Garcia-De-La-Maria C., Fita G., Gatell J.M., Heras M., Campagnac C., Llopis J., Marco F., Mestres C.A., Moreno A., Ninot S., Pare C., Pericas J.M., Ramirez J., Rovira I., Sitges M., Anguera I., Font B., Guma J.R., Bermejo J., Bouza E., Leoni M.E.G., Robles J.A.G., Ramallo V.G., Cruz A.F., Kestler M., Marin M., Selles M.M., Abella H.R., Roda J.R., Lopez R.A., Pinilla B., Pinto A., Valerio M., Vazquez P., Verde E., Almirante B., De Alarcon A., Parra R., Alestig E., Johansson M., Olaison L., Snygg-Martin U., Pachirat O., Pachirat P., Pussadhamma B., Senthong V., Casey A., Elliott T., Lambert P., Watkin R., Eyton C., Klein J.L., Kauffman C., Bedimo R., Corey G.R., Crowley A.L., Douglas P., Drew L., Fowler V.G., Holland T., Lalani T., Mudrick D., Samad Z., Sexton D., Stryjewski M., Wang A., Woods C.W., Lerakis S., Cantey R., Steed L., Wray D., Dickerman S.A., Bonilla H., DiPersio J., Salstrom S.-J., Baddley J., Patel M., Peterson G., Stancoven A., Levine D., Riddle J., Rybak M., Cabell C.H., Baloch K., Dixon C.C., Harding T., Jones-Richmond M., Park L.P., Sanderford B., Stafford J., Anstrom K., Karchmer A.W., Sexton D.J., Durack D.T., Eykyn S., Moreillon P., Sexton. D.J., Arnold C.J., Johnson M., Bayer A.S., Bradley S., Giannitsioti E., Miro J.M., Tornos P., Tattevin P., Strahilevitz J., Spelman D., Athan E., Nacinovich F., Lamas C., Barsic B., Fernandez-Hidalgo N., Munoz P., Chu V.H., Clara L., Sanchez M., Casabe J., Cortes C., Oses P.F., Ronderos R., Sucari A., Thierer J., Altclas J., Kogan S., Harris O., Kennedy K., Tan R., Gordon D., Papanicolas L., Korman T., Kotsanas D., Dever R., Jones P., Konecny P., Lawrence R., Rees D., Ryan S., Feneley M.P., Harkness J., Post J., Reinbott P., Gattringer R., Wiesbauer F., Andrade A.R., De Brito A.C.P., Guimaraes A.C., Grinberg M., Mansur A.J., Siciliano R.F., Strabelli T.M.V., Vieira M.L.C., De Medeiros Tranchesi R.A., Paiva M.G., Fortes C.Q., De Oliveira Ramos A., Weksler C., Ferraiuoli G., Golebiovski W., Karlowsky J.A., Keynan Y., Morris A.M., Rubinstein E., Jones S.B., Garcia P., Cereceda M., Fica A., Mella R.M., Fernandez R., Franco L., Gonzalez J., Jaramillo A.N., Bukovski S., Krajinovic V., Pangercic A., Rudez I., Vincelj J., Freiberger T., Pol J., Zaloudikova B., Ashour Z., Kholy A.E., Mishaal M., Osama D., Rizk H., Aissa N., Alauzet C., Alla F., Doco-Lecompte T., Selton-Suty C., Casalta J.-P., Fournier P.-E., Habib G., Raoult D., Thuny F., Delahaye F., Delahaye A., Vandenesch F., Donal E., Donnio P.Y., Flecher E., Michelet C., Revest M., Chevalier F., Jeu A., Remadi J.P., Rusinaru D., Tribouilloy C., Bernard Y., Chirouze C., Hoen B., Leroy J., Plesiat P., Naber C., Neuerburg C., Mazaheri B., Helen G., Sofia A., Ioannis D., Thomas T., Mylona E., Paniara O., Papanicolaou K., Pyros J., Skoutelis A., Sharma G., Francis J., Nair L., Thomas V., Venugopal K., Hannan M.M., Hurley J.P., Cahan A., Gilon D., Israel S., Korem M., Durante-Mangoni E., Mattucci I., Pinto D., Agrusta F., Senese A., Ragone E., Utili R., Cecchi E., De Rosa F., Forno D., Imazio M., Trinchero R., Grossi P., Lattanzio M., Toniolo A., Goglio A., Raglio A., Ravasio V., Rizzi M., Suter F., Carosi G., Magri S., Signorini L., Kanafani Z., Kanj S.S., Sharif-Yakan A., Abidin I., Tamin S.S., Martinez E.R., Nieto G.I.S., Van Der Meer J.T.M., Chambers S., Holland D., Morris A., Raymond N., Read K., Murdoch D.R., Dragulescu S., Ionac A., Mornos C., Butkevich O.M., Chipigina N., Kirill O., Vadim K., Vinogradova T., Edathodu J., Halim M., Liew Y.-Y., Tan R.-S., Lejko-Zupanc T., Logar M., Mueller-Premru M., Commerford P., Commerford A., Deetlefs E., Hansa C., Ntsekhe M., Almela M., Armero Y., Azqueta M., Castaneda X., Cervera C., Falces C., Garcia-De-La-Maria C., Fita G., Gatell J.M., and Heras M.

Abstract

Candida infective endocarditis is a rare disease with a high mortality rate. Our understanding of this infection is derived from case series, case reports, and small prospective cohorts. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical features and use of different antifungal treatment regimens for Candida infective endocarditis. This prospective cohort study was based on 70 cases of Candida infective endocarditis from the International Collaboration on Endocarditis (ICE)-Prospective Cohort Study and ICE-Plus databases collected between 2000 and 2010. The majority of infections were acquired nosocomially (67%). Congestive heart failure (24%), prosthetic heart valve (46%), and previous infective endocarditis (26%) were common comorbidities. Overall mortality was high, with 36% mortality in the hospital and 59% at 1 year. On univariate analysis, older age, heart failure at baseline, persistent candidemia, nosocomial acquisition, heart failure as a complication, and intracardiac abscess were associated with higher mortality. Mortality was not affected by use of surgical therapy or choice of antifungal agent. A subgroup analysis was performed on 33 patients for whom specific antifungal therapy information was available. In this subgroup, 11 patients received amphotericin B-based therapy and 14 received echinocandin-based therapy. Despite a higher percentage of older patients and nosocomial infection in the echinocandin group, mortality rates were similar between the two groups. In conclusion, Candida infective endocarditis is associated with a high mortality rate that was not impacted by choice of antifungal therapy or by adjunctive surgical intervention. Additionally, echinocandin therapy was as effective as amphotericin B-based therapy in the small subgroup analysis.Copyright © 2015, American Society for Microbiology.

Published
2015

47. Patients at risk of complications of Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection

Author

del Rio, A., Cervera, C., Moreno, A., Moreillon, P., and Miró, J.M.

Subjects
bacterial infections and mycoses, human activities, Bacteremia/complications, Bacteremia/drug therapy, Carrier State, Endocarditis/etiology, Humans, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification, Nasal Cavity/microbiology, Risk Factors, Staphylococcal Infections/complications, Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy, Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification
Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common causative pathogens of bloodstream infections (BSIs). In approximately one-half of patients with S. aureus BSI, no portal of entry can be documented. This group of patients has a high risk of developing septic metastases. Similarly, patient populations at high risk of S. aureus BSI and BSI-associated complications include patients receiving hemodialysis, injection drug users, patients with diabetes, and patients with preexisting cardiac conditions or other comorbidities. One of the most severe complications of S. aureus BSI is infective endocarditis, and S. aureus is now the most common cause of infective endocarditis in the developed world. Patients with methicillin-resistant S. aureus BSI or infective endocarditis have higher rates of mortality, compared with patients with methicillin-susceptible S. aureus infection. Nasal carriage is the most important source of S. aureus BSI. Better eradication and control strategies, including nasal decolonization and more-active antibiotics, are needed to combat S. aureus BSIs.

Published
2009

49. One-year outcome following biological or mechanical valve replacement for infective endocarditis.

Author

Pangercic A., Munoz P., Pedromingo M., Roda J., Rodriguez-Creixems M., Solis J., Almirante B., Fernandez-Hidalgo N., Tornos P., de Alarcon A., Parra R., Alestig E., Johansson M., Olaison L., Snygg-Martin U., Pachirat P., Pussadhamma B., Senthong V., Casey A., Elliott T., Lambert P., Watkin R., Eyton C., Klein J.L., Bradley S., Kauffman C., Bedimo R., Corey G.R., Crowley A.L., Douglas P., Drew L., Fowler V.G., Holland T., Lalani T., Mudrick D., Samad Z., Sexton D.J., Stryjewski M., Woods C.W., Lerakis S., Cantey R., Steed L., Wray D., Dickerman S.A., Bonilla H., Dipersio J., Salstrom S.-J., Baddley J., Patel M., Peterson G., Stancoven A., Levine D., Riddle J., Rybak M., Cabell C.H., Baloch K., Dixon C.C., Harding T., Jones-Richmond M., Park L.P., Sanderford B., Stafford J., Anstrom K., Bayer A.S., Karchmer A.W., Durack D.T., Eykyn S., Moreillon P., Delahaye F., Chu V.H., Altclas J., Barsic B., Delahaye A., Freiberger T., Gordon D.L., Hannan M.M., Hoen B., Kanj S.S., Lejko-Zupanc T., Mestres C.A., Pachirat O., Pappas P., Lamas C., Selton-Suty C., Tan R., Tattevin P., Wang A., Clara L., Sanchez M., Casabe J., Cortes C., Nacinovich F., Oses P.F., Ronderos R., Sucari A., Thierer J., Kogan S., Spelman D., Athan E., Harris O., Kennedy K., Gordon D., Papanicolas L., Eisen D., Grigg L., Street A., Korman T., Kotsanas D., Dever R., Jones P., Konecny P., Lawrence R., Rees D., Ryan S., Feneley M.P., Harkness J., Post J., Reinbott P., Gattringer R., Wiesbauer F., Andrade A.R., de Brito A.C.P., Guimaraes A.C., Grinberg M., Mansur A.J., Siciliano R.F., Strabelli T.M.V., Vieira M.L.C., Tranchesi R.A.M., Paiva M.G., Fortes C.Q., Ramos A.O., Ferraiuoli G., Golebiovski W., Weksler C., Santos M., Karlowsky J.A., Keynan Y., Morris A.M., Rubinstein E., Jones S.B., Garcia P., Cereceda M., Fica A., Mella R.M., Fernandez R., Franco L., Gonzalez J., Jaramillo A.N., Bukovski S., Krajinovic V., Sharma G., Rudez I., Vincelj J., Pol J., Zaloudikova B., Ashour Z., El Kholy A., Mishaal M., Osama D., Rizk H., Aissa N., Alauzet C., Alla F., Campagnac C., Doco-Lecompte T., Goehringer F., Casalta J.-P., Fournier P.-E., Habib G., Raoult D., Thuny F., Vandenesch F., Donal E., Donnio P.Y., Flecher E., Michelet C., Revest M., Chevalier F., Jeu A., Remadi J.P., Rusinaru D., Tribouilloy C., Bernard Y., Chirouze C., Leroy J., Plesiat P., Naber C., Neuerburg C., Mazaheri B., Thomas T., Giannitsioti E., Mylona E., Paniara O., Papanicolaou K., Pyros J., Skoutelis A., Papanikolaou K., Francis J., Nair L., Thomas V., Venugopal K., Hannan M., Hurley J., Cahan A., Gilon D., Israel S., Korem M., Strahilevitz J., Durante-Mangoni E., Mattucci I., Pinto D., Agrusta F., Senese A., Ragone E., Utili R., Cecchi E., De Rosa F., Forno D., Imazio M., Trinchero R., Tebini A., Grossi P., Lattanzio M., Toniolo A., Goglio A., Raglio A., Ravasio V., Rizzi M., Suter F., Carosi G., Magri S., Signorini L., Anouti K., Chahoud J., Kanafani Z., Abidin I., Tamin S.S., Martinez E.R., Nieto G.I.S., van der Meer J.T.M., Chambers S., Holland D., Morris A., Raymond N., Read K., Murdoch D.R., Dragulescu S., Ionac A., Mornos C., Butkevich O.M., Chipigina N., Kirill O., Vadim K., Vinogradova T., Edathodu J., Halim M., Liew Y.-Y., Tan R.-S., Logar M., Mueller-Premru M., Commerford P., Commerford A., Deetlefs E., Hansa C., Ntsekhe M., Almela M., Armero Y., Azqueta M., Castaneda X., Cervera C., Del Rio A., Falces C., Garcia-De-la-maria C., Fita G., Gatell J.M., Heras M., Llopis J., Marco F., Miro J.M., Moreno A., Ninot S., Pare C., Pericas J.M., Ramirez J., Rovira I., Sitges M., Anguera I., Font B., Guma J.R., Bermejo J., Bouza E., Fernandez M.A.G., Gonzalez-Ramallo V., Marin M., Pangercic A., Munoz P., Pedromingo M., Roda J., Rodriguez-Creixems M., Solis J., Almirante B., Fernandez-Hidalgo N., Tornos P., de Alarcon A., Parra R., Alestig E., Johansson M., Olaison L., Snygg-Martin U., Pachirat P., Pussadhamma B., Senthong V., Casey A., Elliott T., Lambert P., Watkin R., Eyton C., Klein J.L., Bradley S., Kauffman C., Bedimo R., Corey G.R., Crowley A.L., Douglas P., Drew L., Fowler V.G., Holland T., Lalani T., Mudrick D., Samad Z., Sexton D.J., Stryjewski M., Woods C.W., Lerakis S., Cantey R., Steed L., Wray D., Dickerman S.A., Bonilla H., Dipersio J., Salstrom S.-J., Baddley J., Patel M., Peterson G., Stancoven A., Levine D., Riddle J., Rybak M., Cabell C.H., Baloch K., Dixon C.C., Harding T., Jones-Richmond M., Park L.P., Sanderford B., Stafford J., Anstrom K., Bayer A.S., Karchmer A.W., Durack D.T., Eykyn S., Moreillon P., Delahaye F., Chu V.H., Altclas J., Barsic B., Delahaye A., Freiberger T., Gordon D.L., Hannan M.M., Hoen B., Kanj S.S., Lejko-Zupanc T., Mestres C.A., Pachirat O., Pappas P., Lamas C., Selton-Suty C., Tan R., Tattevin P., Wang A., Clara L., Sanchez M., Casabe J., Cortes C., Nacinovich F., Oses P.F., Ronderos R., Sucari A., Thierer J., Kogan S., Spelman D., Athan E., Harris O., Kennedy K., Gordon D., Papanicolas L., Eisen D., Grigg L., Street A., Korman T., Kotsanas D., Dever R., Jones P., Konecny P., Lawrence R., Rees D., Ryan S., Feneley M.P., Harkness J., Post J., Reinbott P., Gattringer R., Wiesbauer F., Andrade A.R., de Brito A.C.P., Guimaraes A.C., Grinberg M., Mansur A.J., Siciliano R.F., Strabelli T.M.V., Vieira M.L.C., Tranchesi R.A.M., Paiva M.G., Fortes C.Q., Ramos A.O., Ferraiuoli G., Golebiovski W., Weksler C., Santos M., Karlowsky J.A., Keynan Y., Morris A.M., Rubinstein E., Jones S.B., Garcia P., Cereceda M., Fica A., Mella R.M., Fernandez R., Franco L., Gonzalez J., Jaramillo A.N., Bukovski S., Krajinovic V., Sharma G., Rudez I., Vincelj J., Pol J., Zaloudikova B., Ashour Z., El Kholy A., Mishaal M., Osama D., Rizk H., Aissa N., Alauzet C., Alla F., Campagnac C., Doco-Lecompte T., Goehringer F., Casalta J.-P., Fournier P.-E., Habib G., Raoult D., Thuny F., Vandenesch F., Donal E., Donnio P.Y., Flecher E., Michelet C., Revest M., Chevalier F., Jeu A., Remadi J.P., Rusinaru D., Tribouilloy C., Bernard Y., Chirouze C., Leroy J., Plesiat P., Naber C., Neuerburg C., Mazaheri B., Thomas T., Giannitsioti E., Mylona E., Paniara O., Papanicolaou K., Pyros J., Skoutelis A., Papanikolaou K., Francis J., Nair L., Thomas V., Venugopal K., Hannan M., Hurley J., Cahan A., Gilon D., Israel S., Korem M., Strahilevitz J., Durante-Mangoni E., Mattucci I., Pinto D., Agrusta F., Senese A., Ragone E., Utili R., Cecchi E., De Rosa F., Forno D., Imazio M., Trinchero R., Tebini A., Grossi P., Lattanzio M., Toniolo A., Goglio A., Raglio A., Ravasio V., Rizzi M., Suter F., Carosi G., Magri S., Signorini L., Anouti K., Chahoud J., Kanafani Z., Abidin I., Tamin S.S., Martinez E.R., Nieto G.I.S., van der Meer J.T.M., Chambers S., Holland D., Morris A., Raymond N., Read K., Murdoch D.R., Dragulescu S., Ionac A., Mornos C., Butkevich O.M., Chipigina N., Kirill O., Vadim K., Vinogradova T., Edathodu J., Halim M., Liew Y.-Y., Tan R.-S., Logar M., Mueller-Premru M., Commerford P., Commerford A., Deetlefs E., Hansa C., Ntsekhe M., Almela M., Armero Y., Azqueta M., Castaneda X., Cervera C., Del Rio A., Falces C., Garcia-De-la-maria C., Fita G., Gatell J.M., Heras M., Llopis J., Marco F., Miro J.M., Moreno A., Ninot S., Pare C., Pericas J.M., Ramirez J., Rovira I., Sitges M., Anguera I., Font B., Guma J.R., Bermejo J., Bouza E., Fernandez M.A.G., Gonzalez-Ramallo V., and Marin M.

Abstract

Methods and results Among 5591 patients included in the International Collaboration on Endocarditis Prospective Cohort Study, 1467 patients with definite IE were operated on during the active phase and had a biological (37%) or mechanical (63%) valve replacement. Patients who received bioprostheses were older (62 vs 54 years), more often had a history of cancer (9% vs 6%), and had moderate or severe renal disease (9% vs 4%); proportion of health care-associated IE was higher (26% vs 17%); intracardiac abscesses were more frequent (30% vs 23%). In-hospital and 1-year death rates were higher in the bioprosthesis group, 20.5% vs 14.0% (p = 0.0009) and 25.3% vs 16.6% (p <.0001), respectively. In multivariable analysis, mechanical prostheses were less commonly implanted in older patients (odds ratio: 0.64 for every 10 years), and in patients with a history of cancer (0.72), but were more commonly implanted in mitral position (1.60). Bioprosthesis was independently associated with 1-year mortality (hazard ratio: 1.298). Conclusions Patients with IE who receive a biological valve replacement have significant differences in clinical characteristics compared to patients who receive a mechanical prosthesis. Biological valve replacement is independently associated with a higher in-hospital and 1-year mortality, a result which is possibly related to patient characteristics rather than valve dysfunction. Background Nearly half of patients require cardiac surgery during the acute phase of infective endocarditis (IE). We describe the characteristics of patients according to the type of valve replacement (mechanical or biological), and examine whether the type of prosthesis was associated with in-hospital and 1-year mortality.Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2014

50. Marginal role of von Willebrand factor-binding protein and coagulase in the initiation of endocarditis in rats with catheter-induced aortic vegetations

Author

Mancini, Stefano, Oechslin, Frank, Menzi, Carmen, Que, Yok Ai, Claes, Jorien, Heying, Ruth, Veloso, Tiago Rafael, Vanassche, Thomas, Missiakas, Dominique, Schneewind, Olaf, Moreillon, Philippe, and Entenza, José Manuel

Abstract

ABSTRACTStaphylococcus aureusis the leading cause of infective endocarditis (IE). While the role of S. aureuscell-wall associated protein clumping factor A (ClfA) in promoting IE has been already demonstrated, that of the secreted plasma-clotting factors staphylocoagulase (Coa) and von Willebrand factor-binding protein (vWbp) has not yet been elucidated. We investigated the role of Coa and vWbp in IE initiation in rats with catheter-induced aortic vegetations, using Lactococcus lactisexpressing coa, vWbp, clfAor vWbp/clfA, and S. aureusNewman Δcoa, ΔvWbp, ΔclfA orΔcoa/ΔvWbp/ΔclfAmutants. vWbp-expression increased L. lactisvalve infection compared to parent and coa-expressing strains (incidence: 62%, versus 0% and 13%, respectively; P < 0.01). Likewise, expression of clfAincreased L. lactisinfectivity (incidence: 80%), which was not further affected by co-expression of vWbp. In symmetry, deletion of the coaor vWbpgenes in S. aureusdid not decrease infectivity (incidence: 68 and 64%, respectively) whereas deletion of clfAdid decrease valve infection (incidence: 45%; P = 0.03 versus parent), which was not further affected by the triple deletion Δcoa/ΔvWbp/ΔclfA(incidence: 36%; P > 0.05 versus ΔclfAmutant). Coa does not support the initial colonization of IE (in L. lactis) without other key virulence factors and vWbp contributes to initiation of IE (in L. lactis) but is marginal in the present of ClfA.

Published
2018
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