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1. Design and Performance of a Novel Low Energy Multi-Species Beamline for the ALPHA Antihydrogen Experiment

Author

Baker, C. J., Bertsche, W., Capra, A., Cesar, C. L., Charlton, M., Christensen, A. J., Collister, R., Mathad, A. Cridland, Eriksson, S., Evans, A., Evetts, N., Fabbri, S., Fajans, J., Friesen, T., Fujiwara, M. C., Gill, D. R., Grandemange, P., Granum, P., Hangst, J. S., Hayden, M. E., Hodgkinson, D., Isaac, C. A., Johnson, M. A., Jones, J. M., Jones, S. A., Khramov, A., Kurchaninov, L., Madsen, N., Maxwell, D., McKenna, J. T. K., Menary, S., Momose, T., Mullan, P. S., Munich, J. J., Olchanski, K., Peszka, J., Powell, A., Rasmussen, C. O., Sacramento, R. L., Sameed, M., Sarid, E., Silveira, D. M., So, C., Starko, D. M., Stutter, G., Tharp, T. D., Thompson, R. I., Torkzaban, C., van der Werf, D. P., and Wurtele, J. S.

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

The ALPHA Collaboration, based at the CERN Antiproton Decelerator, has recently implemented a novel beamline for low-energy ($\lesssim$ 100 eV) positron and antiproton transport between cylindrical Penning traps that have strong axial magnetic fields. Here, we describe how a combination of semianalytical and numerical calculations were used to optimise the layout and design of this beamline. Using experimental measurements taken during the initial commissioning of the instrument, we evaluate its performance and validate the models used for its development. By combining data from a range of sources, we show that the beamline has a high transfer efficiency, and estimate that the percentage of particles captured in the experiments from each bunch is (78 $\pm$ 3)% for up to $10^{5}$ antiprotons, and (71 $\pm$ 5)% for bunches of up to $10^{7}$ positrons., Comment: 15 pages, 15 figures

Published
2022
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2. Laser cooling of antihydrogen atoms

Author

Baker, C. J., Bertsche, W., Capra, A., Carruth, C., Cesar, C. L., Charlton, M., Christensen, A., Collister, R., Mathad, A. Cridland, Eriksson, S., Evans, A., Evetts, N., Fajans, J., Friesen, T., Fujiwara, M. C., Gill, D. R., Grandemange, P., Granum, P., Hangst, J. S., Hardy, W. N., Hayden, M. E., Hodgkinson, D., Hunter, E., Isaac, C. A., Johnson, M. A., Jones, J. M., Jones, S. A., Jonsell, S., Khramov, A., Knapp, P., Kurchaninov, L., Madsen, N., Maxwell, D., McKenna, J. T. K., Menary, S., Michan, J. M., Momose, T., Mullan, P. S., Munich, J. J., Olchanski, K., Olin, A., Peszka, J., Powell, A., Pusa, P., Rasmussen, C. Ø., Robicheaux, F., Sacramento, R. L., Sameed, M., Sarid, E., Silveira, D. M., Starko, D. M., So, C., Stutter, G., Tharp, T. D., Thibeault, A., Thompson, R. I., van der Werf, D. P., and Wurtele, J. S.

Published
2021
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3. Observation of the 1S–2P Lyman-α transition in antihydrogen

Author

Ahmadi, M., Alves, B. X. R., Baker, C. J., Bertsche, W., Capra, A., Carruth, C., Cesar, C. L., Charlton, M., Cohen, S., Collister, R., Eriksson, S., Evans, A., Evetts, N., Fajans, J., Friesen, T., Fujiwara, M. C., Gill, D. R., Hangst, J. S., Hardy, W. N., Hayden, M. E., Hunter, E. D., Isaac, C. A., Johnson, M. A., Jones, J. M., Jones, S. A., Jonsell, S., Khramov, A., Knapp, P., Kurchaninov, L., Madsen, N., Maxwell, D., McKenna, J. T. K., Menary, S., Michan, J. M., Momose, T., Munich, J. J., Olchanski, K., Olin, A., Pusa, P., Rasmussen, C. Ø., Robicheaux, F., Sacramento, R. L., Sameed, M., Sarid, E., Silveira, D. M., Starko, D. M., Stutter, G., So, C., Tharp, T. D., Thompson, R. I., van der Werf, D. P., and Wurtele, J. S.

Published
2018
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4. Characterization of the 1S–2S transition in antihydrogen

Author

Ahmadi, M., Alves, B. X. R., Baker, C. J., Bertsche, W., Capra, A., Carruth, C., Cesar, C. L., Charlton, M., Cohen, S., Collister, R., Eriksson, S., Evans, A., Evetts, N., Fajans, J., Friesen, T., Fujiwara, M. C., Gill, D. R., Hangst, J. S., Hardy, W. N., Hayden, M. E., Isaac, C. A., Johnson, M. A., Jones, J. M., Jones, S. A., Jonsell, S., Khramov, A., Knapp, P., Kurchaninov, L., Madsen, N., Maxwell, D., McKenna, J. T. K., Menary, S., Momose, T., Munich, J. J., Olchanski, K., Olin, A., Pusa, P., Rasmussen, C. Ø., Robicheaux, F., Sacramento, R. L., Sameed, M., Sarid, E., Silveira, D. M., Stutter, G., So, C., Tharp, T. D., Thompson, R. I., van der Werf, D. P., and Wurtele, J. S.

Published
2018
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5. Observation of the hyperfine spectrum of antihydrogen

Author

Ahmadi, M., Alves, B. X. R., Baker, C. J., Bertsche, W., Butler, E., Capra, A., Carruth, C., Cesar, C. L., Charlton, M., Cohen, S., Collister, R., Eriksson, S., Evans, A., Evetts, N., Fajans, J., Friesen, T., Fujiwara, M. C., Gill, D. R., Gutierrez, A., Hangst, J. S., Hardy, W. N., Hayden, M. E., Isaac, C. A., Ishida, A., Johnson, M. A., Jones, S. A., Jonsell, S., Kurchaninov, L., Madsen, N., Mathers, M., Maxwell, D., McKenna, J. T. K., Menary, S., Michan, J. M., Momose, T., Munich, J. J., Nolan, P., Olchanski, K., Olin, A., Pusa, P., Rasmussen, C. ., Robicheaux, F., Sacramento, R. L., Sameed, M., Sarid, E., Silveira, D. M., Stracka, S., Stutter, G., So, C., Tharp, T. D., Thompson, J. E., Thompson, R. I., van der Werf, D. P., and Wurtele, J. S.

Subjects
Antimatter -- Observations, Hydrogen -- Observations, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Author(s): M. Ahmadi [1]; B. X. R. Alves [2]; C. J. Baker [3]; W. Bertsche [4, 5]; E. Butler [6]; A. Capra [7]; C. Carruth [8]; C. L. Cesar [9]; [...]

Published
2017
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6. Observation of the 1S2S transition in trapped antihydrogen

Author

Ahmadi, M., Alves, B. X. R., Baker, C. J., Bertsche, W., Butler, E., Capra, A., Carruth, C., Cesar, C. L., Charlton, M., Cohen, S., Collister, R., Eriksson, S., Evans, A., Evetts, N., Fajans, J., Friesen, T., Fujiwara, M. C., Gill, D. R., Gutierrez, A., Hangst, J. S., Hardy, W. N., Hayden, M. E., Isaac, C. A., Ishida, A., Johnson, M. A., Jones, S. A., Jonsell, S., Kurchaninov, L., Madsen, N., Mathers, M., Maxwell, D., McKenna, J. T. K., Menary, S., Michan, J. M., Momose, T., Munich, J. J., Nolan, P., Olchanski, K., Olin, A., Pusa, P., Rasmussen, C. ., Robicheaux, F., Sacramento, R. L., Sameed, M., Sarid, E., Silveira, D. M., Stracka, S., Stutter, G., So, C., Tharp, T. D., Thompson, J. E., Thompson, R. I., van der Werf, D. P., and Wurtele, J. S.

Subjects
Phase transitions (Physics) -- Observations, Antimatter -- Properties, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Author(s): M. Ahmadi [1]; B. X. R. Alves [2]; C. J. Baker [3]; W. Bertsche [4, 5]; E. Butler [6]; A. Capra [7]; C. Carruth [8]; C. L. Cesar [9]; [...]

Published
2017
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7. Observation of the 1S–2S transition in trapped antihydrogen

Author

Ahmadi, M., Alves, B. X. R., Baker, C. J., Bertsche, W., Butler, E., Capra, A., Carruth, C., Cesar, C. L., Charlton, M., Cohen, S., Collister, R., Eriksson, S., Evans, A., Evetts, N., Fajans, J., Friesen, T., Fujiwara, M. C., Gill, D. R., Gutierrez, A., Hangst, J. S., Hardy, W. N., Hayden, M. E., Isaac, C. A., Ishida, A., Johnson, M. A., Jones, S. A., Jonsell, S., Kurchaninov, L., Madsen, N., Mathers, M., Maxwell, D., McKenna, J. T. K., Menary, S., Michan, J. M., Momose, T., Munich, J. J., Nolan, P., Olchanski, K., Olin, A., Pusa, P., Rasmussen, C. Ø., Robicheaux, F., Sacramento, R. L., Sameed, M., Sarid, E., Silveira, D. M., Stracka, S., Stutter, G., So, C., Tharp, T. D., Thompson, J. E., Thompson, R. I., van der Werf, D. P., and Wurtele, J. S.

Published
2017
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8. An improved limit on the charge of antihydrogen from stochastic acceleration

Author

Ahmadi, M., Baquero-Ruiz, M., Bertsche, W., Butler, E., Capra, A., Carruth, C., Cesar, C. L., Charlton, M., Charman, A. E., Eriksson, S., Evans, L. T., Evetts, N., Fajans, J., Friesen, T., Fujiwara, M. C., Gill, D. R., Gutierrez, A., Hangst, J. S., Hardy, W. N., Hayden, M. E., Isaac, C. A., Ishida, A., Jones, S. A., Jonsell, S., Kurchaninov, L., Madsen, N., Maxwell, D., McKenna, J. T. K., Menary, S., Michan, J. M., Momose, T., Munich, J. J., Nolan, P., Olchanski, K., Olin, A., Povilus, A., Pusa, P., Rasmussen, C. Ø., Robicheaux, F., Sacramento, R. L., Sameed, M., Sarid, E., Silveira, D. M., So, C., Tharp, T. D., Thompson, R. I., van der Werf, D. P., Wurtele, J. S., and Zhmoginov, A. I.

Published
2016
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9. Erratum: Observation of the hyperfine spectrum of antihydrogen

Author

Ahmadi, M., Alves, B. X. R., Baker, C. J., Bertsche, W., Butler, E., Capra, A., Carruth, C., Cesar, C. L., Charlton, M., Cohen, S., Collister, R., Eriksson, S., Evans, A., Evetts, N., Fajans, J., Friesen, T., Fujiwara, M. C., Gill, D. R., Gutierrez, A., Hangst, J. S., Hardy, W. N., Hayden, M. E., Isaac, C. A., Ishida, A., Johnson, M. A., Jones, S. A., Jonsell, S., Kurchaninov, L., Madsen, N., Mathers, M., Maxwell, D., McKenna, J. T. K., Menary, S., Michan, J. M., Momose, T., Munich, J. J., Nolan, P., Olchanski, K., Olin, A., Pusa, P., Rasmussen, C. ., Robicheaux, F., Sacramento, R. L., Sameed, M., Sarid, E., Silveira, D. M., Stracka, S., Stutter, G., So, C., Tharp, T. D., Thompson, J. E., Thompson, R. I., van der Werf, D. P., and Wurtele, J. S.

Subjects
Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Author(s): M. Ahmadi; B. X. R. Alves; C. J. Baker; W. Bertsche; E. Butler; A. Capra; C. Carruth; C. L. Cesar; M. Charlton; S. Cohen; R. Collister; S. Eriksson; A. [...]

Published
2018
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10. Investigation of the fine structure of antihydrogen

Author

Ahmadi, M., Alves, B. X. R., Baker, C. J., Bertsche, W., Capra, A., Carruth, C., Cesar, C. L., Charlton, M., Cohen, S., Collister, R., Eriksson, S., Evans, A., Evetts, N., Fajans, J., Friesen, T., Fujiwara, M. C., Gill, D. R., Granum, P., Hangst, J. S., Hardy, W. N., Hayden, M. E., Hunter, E. D., Isaac, C. A., Johnson, M. A., Jones, J. M., Jones, S. A., Jonsell, Svante, Khramov, A., Knapp, P., Kurchaninov, L., Madsen, N., Maxwell, D., McKenna, J. T. K., Menary, S., Michan, J. M., Momose, T., Munich, J. J., Olchanski, K., Olin, A., Pusa, P., Rasmussen, C. Ø., Robicheaux, F., Sacramento, R. L., Sameed, M., Sarid, E., Silveira, D. M., So, C., Starko, D. M., Stutter, G., Tharp, T. D., Thompson, R. I., van der Werf, D. P., Wurtele, J. S., Ahmadi, M., Alves, B. X. R., Baker, C. J., Bertsche, W., Capra, A., Carruth, C., Cesar, C. L., Charlton, M., Cohen, S., Collister, R., Eriksson, S., Evans, A., Evetts, N., Fajans, J., Friesen, T., Fujiwara, M. C., Gill, D. R., Granum, P., Hangst, J. S., Hardy, W. N., Hayden, M. E., Hunter, E. D., Isaac, C. A., Johnson, M. A., Jones, J. M., Jones, S. A., Jonsell, Svante, Khramov, A., Knapp, P., Kurchaninov, L., Madsen, N., Maxwell, D., McKenna, J. T. K., Menary, S., Michan, J. M., Momose, T., Munich, J. J., Olchanski, K., Olin, A., Pusa, P., Rasmussen, C. Ø., Robicheaux, F., Sacramento, R. L., Sameed, M., Sarid, E., Silveira, D. M., So, C., Starko, D. M., Stutter, G., Tharp, T. D., Thompson, R. I., van der Werf, D. P., and Wurtele, J. S.

Abstract

At the historic Shelter Island Conference on the Foundations of Quantum Mechanics in 1947, Willis Lamb reported an unexpected feature in the fine structure of atomic hydrogen: a separation of the 2S(1/2) and 2P(1/2) states(1). The observation of this separation, now known as the Lamb shift, marked an important event in the evolution of modern physics, inspiring others to develop the theory of quantum electrodynamics(2-5). Quantum electrodynamics also describes antimatter, but it has only recently become possible to synthesize and trap atomic antimatter to probe its structure. Mirroring the historical development of quantum atomic physics in the twentieth century, modern measurements on anti-atoms represent a unique approach for testing quantum electrodynamics and the foundational symmetries of the standard model. Here we report measurements of the fine structure in the n = 2 states of antihydrogen, the antimatter counterpart of the hydrogen atom. Using optical excitation of the 1S-2P Lyman-alpha transitions in antihydrogen(6), we determine their frequencies in a magnetic field of 1 tesla to a precision of 16 parts per billion. Assuming the standard Zeeman and hyperfine interactions, we infer the zero-field fine-structure splitting (2P(1/2)-2P(3/2)) in antihydrogen. The resulting value is consistent with the predictions of quantum electrodynamics to a precision of 2 per cent. Using our previously measured value of the 1S-2S transition frequency(6,7), we find that the classic Lamb shift in antihydrogen (2S(1/2)-2P(1/2) splitting at zero field) is consistent with theory at a level of 11 per cent. Our observations represent an important step towards precision measurements of the fine structure and the Lamb shift in the antihydrogen spectrum as tests of the charge-parity-time symmetry(8) and towards the determination of other fundamental quantities, such as the antiproton charge radius(9,10), in this antimatter system. Precision measurements of the 1S-2P transition in an

Published
2020
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11. Observation of the 1S-2P Lyman-alpha transition in antihydrogen

Author

Ahmadi, M., Alves, B. X. R., Baker, C. J., Bertsche, W., Capra, A., Carruth, C., Cesar, C. L., Charlton, M., Cohen, S., Collister, R., Eriksson, S., Evans, A., Evetts, N., Fajans, J., Friesen, T., Fujiwara, M. C., Gill, D. R., Hangst, J. S., Hardy, W. N., Hayden, M. E., Hunter, E. D., Isaac, C. A., Johnson, M. A., Jones, J. M., Jones, S. A., Jonsell, Svante, Khramov, A., Knapp, P., Kurchaninov, L., Madsen, N., Maxwell, D., McKenna, J. T. K., Menary, S., Michan, J. M., Momose, T., Munich, J. J., Olchanski, K., Olin, A., Pusa, P., Rasmussen, C. O., Robicheaux, F., Sacramento, R. L., Sameed, M., Sarid, E., Silveira, D. M., Starko, D. M., Stutter, G., So, C., Tharp, T. D., Thompson, R. I., van der Werf, D. P., Wurtele, J. S., Ahmadi, M., Alves, B. X. R., Baker, C. J., Bertsche, W., Capra, A., Carruth, C., Cesar, C. L., Charlton, M., Cohen, S., Collister, R., Eriksson, S., Evans, A., Evetts, N., Fajans, J., Friesen, T., Fujiwara, M. C., Gill, D. R., Hangst, J. S., Hardy, W. N., Hayden, M. E., Hunter, E. D., Isaac, C. A., Johnson, M. A., Jones, J. M., Jones, S. A., Jonsell, Svante, Khramov, A., Knapp, P., Kurchaninov, L., Madsen, N., Maxwell, D., McKenna, J. T. K., Menary, S., Michan, J. M., Momose, T., Munich, J. J., Olchanski, K., Olin, A., Pusa, P., Rasmussen, C. O., Robicheaux, F., Sacramento, R. L., Sameed, M., Sarid, E., Silveira, D. M., Starko, D. M., Stutter, G., So, C., Tharp, T. D., Thompson, R. I., van der Werf, D. P., and Wurtele, J. S.

Abstract

In 1906, Theodore Lyman discovered his eponymous series of transitions in the extreme-ultraviolet region of the atomic hydrogen spectrum(1,2). The patterns in the hydrogen spectrum helped to establish the emerging theory of quantum mechanics, which we now know governs the world at the atomic scale. Since then, studies involving the Lyman-alpha line-the 1S-2P transition at a wavelength of 121.6 nanometres-have played an important part in physics and astronomy, as one of the most fundamental atomic transitions in the Universe. For example, this transition has long been used by astronomers studying the intergalactic medium and testing cosmological models via the so-called 'Lyman-alpha forest('3) of absorption lines at different redshifts. Here we report the observation of the Lyman-alpha transition in the antihydrogen atom, the antimatter counterpart of hydrogen. Using narrow-line-width, nanosecond-pulsed laser radiation, the 1S-2P transition was excited in magnetically trapped antihydrogen. The transition frequency at a field of 1.033 tesla was determined to be 2,466,051.7 +/- 0.12 gigahertz (1 sigma uncertainty) and agrees with the prediction for hydrogen to a precision of 5 x 10(-8). Comparisons of the properties of antihydrogen with those of its well-studied matter equivalent allow precision tests of fundamental symmetries between matter ;and antimatter. Alongside the ground-state hyperfine(4,5) and 1S-2S transitions(6,7) recently observed in antihydrogen, the Lyman-alpha transition will permit laser cooling of antihydrogen(8,9), thus providing a cold and dense sample of anti-atoms for precision spectroscopy and gravity measurements(10). In addition to the observation of this fundamental transition, this work represents both a decisive technological step towards laser cooling of antihydrogen, and the extension of antimatter spectroscopy to quantum states possessing orbital angular momentum.

Published
2018
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12. Enhanced Control and Reproducibility of Non-Neutral Plasmas

Author

Ahmadi, M., Alves, B. X. R., Baker, C. J., Bertsche, W., Capra, A., Carruth, C., Cesar, C. L., Charlton, M., Cohen, S., Collister, R., Eriksson, S., Evans, A., Evetts, N., Fajans, J., Friesen, T., Fujiwara, M. C., Gill, D. R., Hangst, J. S., Hardy, W. N., Hayden, M. E., Isaac, C. A., Johnson, M. A., Jones, S. A., Jonsell, Svante, Kurchaninov, L., Madsen, N., Mathers, M., Maxwell, D., McKenna, J. T. K., Menary, S., Momose, T., Munich, J. J., Olchanski, K., Olin, A., Pusa, P., Rasmussen, C. O., Robicheaux, F., Sacramento, R. L., Sameed, M., Sarid, E., Silveira, D. M., So, C., Stutter, G., Tharp, T. D., Thompson, J. E., Thompson, R. I., van der Werf, D. P., Wurtele, J. S., Ahmadi, M., Alves, B. X. R., Baker, C. J., Bertsche, W., Capra, A., Carruth, C., Cesar, C. L., Charlton, M., Cohen, S., Collister, R., Eriksson, S., Evans, A., Evetts, N., Fajans, J., Friesen, T., Fujiwara, M. C., Gill, D. R., Hangst, J. S., Hardy, W. N., Hayden, M. E., Isaac, C. A., Johnson, M. A., Jones, S. A., Jonsell, Svante, Kurchaninov, L., Madsen, N., Mathers, M., Maxwell, D., McKenna, J. T. K., Menary, S., Momose, T., Munich, J. J., Olchanski, K., Olin, A., Pusa, P., Rasmussen, C. O., Robicheaux, F., Sacramento, R. L., Sameed, M., Sarid, E., Silveira, D. M., So, C., Stutter, G., Tharp, T. D., Thompson, J. E., Thompson, R. I., van der Werf, D. P., and Wurtele, J. S.

Abstract

The simultaneous control of the density and particle number of non-neutral plasmas confined in Penning-Malmberg traps is demonstrated. Control is achieved by setting the plasma's density by applying a rotating electric field while simultaneously fixing its axial potential via evaporative cooling. This novel method is particularly useful for stabilizing positron plasmas, as the procedures used to collect positrons from radioactive sources typically yield plasmas with variable densities and particle numbers; it also simplifies optimization studies that require plasma parameter scans. The reproducibility achieved by applying this technique to the positron and electron plasmas used by the ALPHA antihydrogen experiment at CERN, combined with other developments, contributed to a 10-fold increase in the antiatom trapping rate.

Published
2018
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13. Antihydrogen accumulation for fundamental symmetry tests

Author

Ahmadi, M., Alves, B. X. R., Baker, C. J., Bertsche, W., Butler, E., Capra, A., Carruth, C., Cesar, C. L., Charlton, M., Cohen, S., Collister, R., Eriksson, S., Evans, A., Evetts, N., Fajans, J., Friesen, T., Fujiwara, M. C., Gill, D. R., Gutierrez, A., Hangst, J. S., Hardy, W. N., Hayden, M. E., Isaac, C. A., Ishida, A., Johnson, M. A., Jones, S. A., Jonsell, Svante, Kurchaninov, L., Madsen, N., Mathers, M., Maxwell, D., McKenna, J. T. K., Menary, S., Michan, J. M., Momose, T., Munich, J. J., Nolan, P., Olchanski, K., Olin, A., Pusa, P., Rasmussen, C. Ø., Robicheaux, F., Sacramento, R. L., Sameed, M., Sarid, E., Silveira, D. M., Stracka, S., Stutter, G., So, C., Tharp, T. D., Thompson, J. E., Thompson, R. I., van der Werf, D. P., Wurtele, J. S., Ahmadi, M., Alves, B. X. R., Baker, C. J., Bertsche, W., Butler, E., Capra, A., Carruth, C., Cesar, C. L., Charlton, M., Cohen, S., Collister, R., Eriksson, S., Evans, A., Evetts, N., Fajans, J., Friesen, T., Fujiwara, M. C., Gill, D. R., Gutierrez, A., Hangst, J. S., Hardy, W. N., Hayden, M. E., Isaac, C. A., Ishida, A., Johnson, M. A., Jones, S. A., Jonsell, Svante, Kurchaninov, L., Madsen, N., Mathers, M., Maxwell, D., McKenna, J. T. K., Menary, S., Michan, J. M., Momose, T., Munich, J. J., Nolan, P., Olchanski, K., Olin, A., Pusa, P., Rasmussen, C. Ø., Robicheaux, F., Sacramento, R. L., Sameed, M., Sarid, E., Silveira, D. M., Stracka, S., Stutter, G., So, C., Tharp, T. D., Thompson, J. E., Thompson, R. I., van der Werf, D. P., and Wurtele, J. S.

Abstract

Antihydrogen, a positron bound to an antiproton, is the simplest anti-atom. Its structure and properties are expected to mirror those of the hydrogen atom. Prospects for precision comparisons of the two, as tests of fundamental symmetries, are driving a vibrant programme of research. In this regard, a limiting factor in most experiments is the availability of large numbers of cold ground state antihydrogen atoms. Here, we describe how an improved synthesis process results in a maximum rate of 10.5 +/- 0.6 atoms trapped and detected per cycle, corresponding to more than an order of magnitude improvement over previous work. Additionally, we demonstrate how detailed control of electron, positron and antiproton plasmas enables repeated formation and trapping of antihydrogen atoms, with the simultaneous retention of atoms produced in previous cycles. We report a record of 54 detected annihilation events from a single release of the trapped anti-atoms accumulated from five consecutive cycles.

Published
2017
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14. Erratum: Observation of the hyperfine spectrum of antihydrogen

Author

Ahmadi, M., primary, Alves, B. X. R., additional, Baker, C. J., additional, Bertsche, W., additional, Butler, E., additional, Capra, A., additional, Carruth, C., additional, Cesar, C. L., additional, Charlton, M., additional, Cohen, S., additional, Collister, R., additional, Eriksson, S., additional, Evans, A., additional, Evetts, N., additional, Fajans, J., additional, Friesen, T., additional, Fujiwara, M. C., additional, Gill, D. R., additional, Gutierrez, A., additional, Hangst, J. S., additional, Hardy, W. N., additional, Hayden, M. E., additional, Isaac, C. A., additional, Ishida, A., additional, Johnson, M. A., additional, Jones, S. A., additional, Jonsell, S., additional, Kurchaninov, L., additional, Madsen, N., additional, Mathers, M., additional, Maxwell, D., additional, McKenna, J. T. K., additional, Menary, S., additional, Michan, J. M., additional, Momose, T., additional, Munich, J. J., additional, Nolan, P., additional, Olchanski, K., additional, Olin, A., additional, Pusa, P., additional, Rasmussen, C. Ø., additional, Robicheaux, F., additional, Sacramento, R. L., additional, Sameed, M., additional, Sarid, E., additional, Silveira, D. M., additional, Stracka, S., additional, Stutter, G., additional, So, C., additional, Tharp, T. D., additional, Thompson, J. E., additional, Thompson, R. I., additional, van der Werf, D. P., additional, and Wurtele, J. S., additional

Published
2017
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15. Antihydrogen accumulation for fundamental symmetry tests

Author

Ahmadi, M., primary, Alves, B. X. R., additional, Baker, C. J., additional, Bertsche, W., additional, Butler, E., additional, Capra, A., additional, Carruth, C., additional, Cesar, C. L., additional, Charlton, M., additional, Cohen, S., additional, Collister, R., additional, Eriksson, S., additional, Evans, A., additional, Evetts, N., additional, Fajans, J., additional, Friesen, T., additional, Fujiwara, M. C., additional, Gill, D. R., additional, Gutierrez, A., additional, Hangst, J. S., additional, Hardy, W. N., additional, Hayden, M. E., additional, Isaac, C. A., additional, Ishida, A., additional, Johnson, M. A., additional, Jones, S. A., additional, Jonsell, S., additional, Kurchaninov, L., additional, Madsen, N., additional, Mathers, M., additional, Maxwell, D., additional, McKenna, J. T. K., additional, Menary, S., additional, Michan, J. M., additional, Momose, T., additional, Munich, J. J., additional, Nolan, P., additional, Olchanski, K., additional, Olin, A., additional, Pusa, P., additional, Rasmussen, C. Ø., additional, Robicheaux, F., additional, Sacramento, R. L., additional, Sameed, M., additional, Sarid, E., additional, Silveira, D. M., additional, Stracka, S., additional, Stutter, G., additional, So, C., additional, Tharp, T. D., additional, Thompson, J. E., additional, Thompson, R. I., additional, van der Werf, D. P., additional, and Wurtele, J. S., additional

Published
2017
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16. Observation of the 1S–2S transition in trapped antihydrogen

Author

Ahmadi, M., primary, Alves, B. X. R., additional, Baker, C. J., additional, Bertsche, W., additional, Butler, E., additional, Capra, A., additional, Carruth, C., additional, Cesar, C. L., additional, Charlton, M., additional, Cohen, S., additional, Collister, R., additional, Eriksson, S., additional, Evans, A., additional, Evetts, N., additional, Fajans, J., additional, Friesen, T., additional, Fujiwara, M. C., additional, Gill, D. R., additional, Gutierrez, A., additional, Hangst, J. S., additional, Hardy, W. N., additional, Hayden, M. E., additional, Isaac, C. A., additional, Ishida, A., additional, Johnson, M. A., additional, Jones, S. A., additional, Jonsell, S., additional, Kurchaninov, L., additional, Madsen, N., additional, Mathers, M., additional, Maxwell, D., additional, McKenna, J. T. K., additional, Menary, S., additional, Michan, J. M., additional, Momose, T., additional, Munich, J. J., additional, Nolan, P., additional, Olchanski, K., additional, Olin, A., additional, Pusa, P., additional, Rasmussen, C. Ø., additional, Robicheaux, F., additional, Sacramento, R. L., additional, Sameed, M., additional, Sarid, E., additional, Silveira, D. M., additional, Stracka, S., additional, Stutter, G., additional, So, C., additional, Tharp, T. D., additional, Thompson, J. E., additional, Thompson, R. I., additional, van der Werf, D. P., additional, and Wurtele, J. S., additional

Published
2016
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