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In this work the data, obtained for the three vehicles (sedan, SUV and Pick Up), tested in previous works, are compared. Following the results found in the literature, particular emphasis is done on the speed of the teenager cyclist head at the instant of impact and the diagrams of the head speed and the chest obtained in the simulations are shown. The speed of the head is that absolute, and this is used for processing the data and the subsequent determination of the best values of the three geometric actual parameters identified in front of the vehicle. Absolute speed is preferred because using the relative speed respect to vehicle, some amounts that cannot be disregarded are omitted from the evaluation. The chosen speed is 30 km/h because higher values appear too dependent on the mass of the vehicle, while lower values may not result in serious injury and are therefore less attractive. The procedure, to obtain the optimal values of the height of the bumper, the height of the bonnet and of the inclination angle of the bonnet is illustrated in the case the side impact vehicle-teenager cyclist. The conclusion is made that analogous procedure can be applied to HIC values.

The study of the injury caused by Pick-up vehicle-teenage cyclist crash is presented in this paper. The vehicle has high frontal part, in order to compare the results with those obtained previously in the sedan and SUV - teenage cyclist crash. No variation is executed on the model of the teenage cyclist and the bike. Three different positions are analyzed: front, rear and lateral position. The injury on the cyclist head is examined by HIC criterion, in the way indicated in the rules. Correlation HIC – AIS is used to calculate the lethality of the injuries. A comparison is made between the results of the simulations for Pick up, SUV and sedan, concluding that the injury of the head is more dangerous for Pick-up impact than SUV and the sedan, but only at the maximum speed (50 km/h). This value of the speed can be considered critical, since HIC values are very high for all the three vehicles. The more dangerous injury is the side impact. A further comparison is done between the impact points of the three vehicles concluding that both the shape of the bonnet that the height of the front part must be studied carefully in order to reduce the damage to cyclists and pedestrians.

The study of the crash between normal sedan and teenage cyclist was examined in previous paper, and is here continued analyzing the influence of the front part of the vehicle in the injury caused by the accident. The vehicle is a SUV, with high frontal part. No variation is executed on the model of the teenage cyclist and the bike. The position of the teenage cyclist regard to SUV is the same: three different positions are analyzed: front, rear and lateral position. The injury on the cyclist head is examined by HIC criterion, in the way indicated in the rules. Correlation HIC – AIS is used to calculate the lethality of the injuries. The work is arranged to calculate the damage to the chest by 3 ms criterion, which result is not yet ready. The principal conclusion is done that the injury of the head is more dangerous for the SUV impact than the sedan, but only to the maximum speed (50 km/h). A comparison is executed with the teenage pedestrian concluding that the pedestrian is subjected to greater injury, because the bike absorbs a part of the energy in the front and side crash. The more dangerous injury is the telescoping.

Background: Although azacitidine (AZA) has proven effective in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), the duration of haematologic response is limited. Introduction: The French Group (Itzykson 2011) identified some clinical and haematologic parameters (poor ECOG performance status, IPSS intermediate and poor risk cytogenetics, circulating blasts, high transfusion need) independently associated with a a poorer outcome, and these 4 criteria were integrated in a 3-group prognostic score. Purpose: These data prompted us to retrospectively analyse our MDS pts treated with AZA who showed a favourable long-lasting response to AZA (i.e: duration of response ≥ 20 months). Materials and Methods: The type of response was defined according to IWG criteria (Cheson 2006): Complete Remission (CR), Marrow CR, Partial Remission (PR), and Hematologic Improvement (HI). Results: Thirty-six pts (M/F: 21/15), from nine Institutions, with a median age of 72 (range 52-84) yrs, showed a response duration ≥ 20 months. At AZA onset, IPSS risk was: low: 3 pts; intermediate- 1: 7 pts; intermediate-2: 21 pts; high: 5 pts. IPSS cytogenetic risk was: low: 23 pts; intermediate: 7 pts; high: 6 pts.Transfusion need was high (≥ 4 RBC units/8 weeks) in 17 pts. Following Itzykson’s AZA prognostic scoring system, the risk was low in 14 pts (38.9%), intermediate in 21 pts (58.3%), and high in 1 pt (2.8%), respectively. The pts received a median of 23.5 cycles of AZA (range: 8-59). The best response achieved was: CR in 21 pts (58.3%); marrow CR: 4 pts (11.1%); PR in 2 pts (5.5%); and HI in 9 pts (25%). Cytogenetic remission was achieved in 7 pts (19.4%). The median duration of response was 24.5 (range: 20-88) months. Twenty-two pts (61.1%) are still maintaining hematologic response, 9 pts (25%) are still alive but discontinued treatment because of disease progression, and 5 pts died (2 for AML). Median OS from the start of AZA was 35.5 (range: 22-120) months. Conclusions: Our data show that a long-lasting hematologic response can be achieved even in a significant fraction of pts presenting one or more poor risk features.