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Introduction and hypothesis We aimed to compare outcomes of open and robot-assisted artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) implantation in female patients.

Introduction/Background Upper urinary tract damage due to neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction has long been reported as the first cause of death in spina bifida patients. However, recent data regarding the causes of death of patients with spinal dysraphism are scarce. The aim of the present study was to assess the current epidemiology of spina bifida in France report the contemporary causes of in-hospital death of spina bifida patients. Material and method We analyzed data from the French national code registry database (Programme de Medicalisation des Systemes d’Information) from 2009 to 2014 to estimate the number of living births of spina bifida patients and the number of in-hospital deaths and their cause categorized as follows: urological, pulmonary, neurological, digestive, muscular/skin, cardiovascular, skeletal, infectious, cancer, others. The prevalence was calculated by doing the ratio of spina bifida living births over the total number of living births per year based on the Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques (INSEE) data. Results The number of spina bifida living births per year ranged from 113 (2009) to 131 (2013) and was stable over the study period. The total number of living births during this period was between 811,510 (2013) and 832,799 (2010). The prevalence of spina bifida in France was therefore estimated between 1.3 and 1.6/100,000. The number of in-hospital deaths of spina bifida patients per year fluctuated between 14 (2012) and 31 (2011) making a total of 138 in-hospital deaths over the study period. The leading cause of in-hospital death was urological disorders (17%). Other main causes of death were pulmonary disorders (17%), neurological disorders (14%) and bowel disorders (11%). Conclusion The current prevalence of spina bifida in France range from 1.3 to 1.6/100,000. Urological disorders remain the leading cause of death in spina bifida patients.

Introduction/Background Spinal dysraphism is the first congenital cause of neurogenic bladder. Open spinal dysraphism (mainly myelomeningocele) being diagnosed in the neonatal period, neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunctions (NULTD) are well-known as they have been described in many series. Conversely, closed spinal dysraphisms are often diagnosed later and little data regarding NULTD exist. The aim of this study was to compare the NULTD in patients with closed dysraphism (CD) to those in patients with open dysraphism (OD). Material and method A prospective study was conducted between 2007 and 2016 including all spina bifida patients seen in a multidisciplinary national referral center. At the first visit, lower urinary tract function was assessed as follow: history of past urological surgery, type of spinal dysraphism, Abbreviated Injury Scale, method of bladder emptying, Urinary Symptom Profil (USP) and Qualiveen scores and urodynamic parameters. Results In total, 395 patients were included: 274 with OD (69.4%) and 121 with CD (30.6%). Patients in the CD group were older (35.9 vs. 29.5 years, P Conclusion NLUTD were as frequent and troublesome in patients with open vs. closed spinal dysraphism. However the need for a surgical treatment was more common in patients with OD.

Objective The objective of this preliminary study is to test the long-lasting effects of repetitive neck muscle vibration (rNMV) on postural disturbances and on spatial frame reference in chronic patients. Material/patients and methods Twenty chronic stroke patients (mean age 61.4y ± 11, mean delay since stroke 5.5y ± 3), 10 right (RDB) and 10 left (LDB) brain damage, having gained the capacity to stand for more than 30 s were included. They underwent 10 vibrations of 10 min sessions during two weeks – the evaluation of postural asymmetry on force platform (weight body asymmetry [WBA]), spatial frames (subjective straight ahead [SSA], longitudinal body axis [LBA], subjective visual vertical [SVV]) and clinical assessment (Motricity Index, Sensibility, Spasticity, Berg Balance Scale, Time Up and Go) were ascertained twice before (D-15, D0) and ultimately at the end of the vibrations (D + 15, D + 22, D + 45). Results In the posttest, a significant reduction in WBA was established in the RBD (P = 0.009) and was maintained at D + 15 (P = 0.01) and D + 22 (P = 0.05) on the contrary, no effect was observed in the LBD group. In addition, no significant modification was found on the spatial frame in both RBD and LBD. A significant improvement was found for the Motricity and Time Up and Go at D + 22 in the RBD group whereas no modifications were found in the LBD. Discussion – conclusion rNMV causes a reduction of postural asymmetry in the RBD group independently of the space representation improvement. Likewise, rNMV can modify the postural asymmetry of patients at distance from their stroke but this result was not maintained at D + 45.