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Background: The soft regions of a thrombus tend to be more susceptible to r-tPA (recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator)-mediated thrombolysis and are more easily removed by mechanical thrombectomy than the stiff counterpart. This study aimed to understand the molecular pathological differences between the soft and stiff regions of human arterial thrombus. Methods: We developed a spatial proteomic workflow combining proteomics with laser-captured microdissection to analyze human arterial thrombi with Masson trichrome staining to identify stiff and soft regions from 2 independent cohorts of patients with acute myocardial or cerebral infarction. Dysregulated proteins in a C57BL6/J male mouse model of arterial thrombosis were identified by pathway enrichment and pairwise analyses from the common gene ontology enrichment and dysregulated proteins between carotid and coronary arterial thrombi, and validated by immunohistochemistry. Results: Spatial proteomics of the coronary arterial thrombi collected from 7 patients with myocardial infarct revealed 7 common dysregulated proteins in 2 cohorts of patients, and upregulation of TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor β1) was the most prominent fibrosis-related protein. Inhibition of TGF-β1 resulted in delayed arterial thrombosis and accelerated blood flow restoration in mouse model. We further expanded the spatial proteomic workflow to the carotid artery thrombi collected from 11 patients with cerebral infarction. Pairwise proteomic analysis of stiff and soft regions between carotid and coronary arterial thrombi further revealed 5 common gene ontology clusters including features of platelet activation, and a common dysregulated protein COL1A1 (collagen type 1 alpha 1) that was reported to be influenced by TGF-β1. We also verified the expression in human and mice carotid arterial thrombi. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the spatially distinct composition of proteins in the stiff and soft regions of human arterial thrombi, and suggests that TGF-β1 is a key therapeutic target for promoting arterial thrombolysis.

Sulfidic mining wastes generated from mining processing such as mineral beneficiations and ore excavation possibly pose potential threats in environment and human activities due to the acid mine drainage and heavy metal leaching. It is essential to seek out alternative solutions to reprocess and repurpose those wastes rather than accumulating them in stockpiles or tailing impoundments. Alkali-activated materials, sometimes equal to geopolymer (low calcium content), are threedimensional frameworks by reacting aqueous alkali metal solutions with solid aluminosilicate powders. It facilitates the valorisation of potential secondary raw materials including mining waste rocks. Therefore, it is worthy to investigate the mining waste rock based geopolymer, thereby reducing the environmental impact and producing high value-added materials. Mining waste rocks are received from Neves Corvo mine, Portugal, as raw materials for geopolymer preparation. Waste rock is not suitable for geopolymer production due to its chemically inert properties. However, mechanochemical activation using rod ball mill, was carried out to enhance the chemical reactivity in this study. Next, corresponding geopolymers were produced with different milling durations, that is 6 h, 12 h and 24 h. Different curing temperature were also investigated. Finally, 7-day compressive strength was measured to assess the mechanical performance of geopolymers. The tackiness properties of the waste rock-based geopolymer were evaluated. And tack test was performed with and without a Pentaethylenehexamine (PEHA) additive. The results indicates that a longer milling duration led to a higher content of amorphous content. Sulfidic mining waste rock can be a potential candidate for alkali-activated materials after mechanochemical treatment. Curing regime has overwhelming effects on mechanical performance of final products. The introduction of PEHA can alter the rheological properties of the paste including altering sticky behaviour.

Globalization and ever-increasing growth of human progress require a continuous supply of materials, notably metals, to sustain these developments. However, metals production inadvertently generates environmental burdens due to tailings. These are the waste from metallurgical processing to separate unwanted materials from metal ore deposits and are disposed of in storage facilities. Despite advancements in metallurgical processing, there are still a fraction of metals lost in the tailings and they pose long-term pollution risks. Valorization of tailings are therefore having a twofold impact: First, metals leftover recovery can minimize the discharge of toxic metals into the environment. Second, after the purification process, the ground materials in the form of mineral matrices are another potential resource that could be exploited, thus reducing the need for primary production. However, the valorization technique requires processes causing environmental impacts and therefore we apply life cycle assessment (LCA) to account for tradeoffs. LCA enables evaluation of energy, materials, and waste along product life-cycle stages. Based on state-of-the-art upscaling frameworks in the metallurgical processing domain, we perform a case of prospective LCA for the alkali-activated materials fabricated by mechanochemical activated mining wastes. In this study, we develop systematic procedures to leverage bench-scale experiments into industrially optimized facility by means of process simulation. As takeaways, a comparative analysis is presented for the case studies with maturity levels. Ultimately, the results will be the critical inputs for process designers in steering the developments towards sustainable use of mine tailings., Proceedings of the 7th International Slag Valorisation Symposium. Shifting gears to a climate-neutral & resource efficient society

The over-current condition for a traction inverter can indicate flaws on control algorithms, interference on logic signals, hardware aging, or hardware misconduct. Thus, proper detection of over-current conditions during inverter operation is a critical item for inverter development and product validation. This paper reviews several widely used over-current detection methods and a few theoretically approved over-current detection methods. The main focus of this review includes the sensing bandwidth, sensing accuracy, and implementation complexity of the studied over-current detection methods. The advantages of those widely used methods and the application requirements for the theoretically and prototypingly approved methods are concluded by this review.

The alkali activation of mine tailings is of interest to diminish the impoundment storage of large waste stream from mining industry. However, most of the mine tailings, like phosphate mine tailings generated in Finland, are rather inert and need pre-treatment to induce the reactivity for alkali activation. In this work, mechanochemical treatment was conducted to improve the reactivity of phosphate mine tailings. The ground specimens were subjected to the crystal structural analysis of X-Ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and thermal analyses by Thermogravimetry/Differential Thermal Analysis (TG/DTA), showing the increment of amorphous content and structural degradation as a function of grinding time. The subsequent alkaline reactivity test illustrated incremental alkaline dissolution of Si, Al and K and a schematic diagram of altered phlogopite structure (sources of aluminosilicates in tailings) was also proposed. Additionally, the mineralogical composition of individual particles was carried out by mineral liberation analysis (MLA), thereby evaluating the influence of pre-treatment on the mineralogy of tailings. The results indicate profound micromorphological changes and structural cleavage of the precursor due to grinding, which strongly increase alkaline reactivity.

The emerging research on smart clothing platform in health monitoring field has been a great concern both in academia and products industry. And with the problem of global population aging, the need for more services with higher quality in eldercare environment is poised to become significant. Advances in micro technologies, flexible sensors and related technologies make a new smart clothing can be developed to enhance the efficiency of eldercare, illness and unpredictable event prevention with monitoring and alarming method. This master thesis provides a design of a smart-clothing platform based on embedded and wearable technology, which is a continuous monitoring to track the physical activities, physiological status and achieves automatic outdoor positioning for the elderly. Based on sensor network technology and Qt Creator development environment, the platform uses a greater number of sensor nodes to detect the different parts of the body to improve the detection accuracy. Front-end system uses STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller as the central node to receive the data of each sub-node, and through the wireless network data transfer to the PC for analysis. PC research algorithm to deal with the relevant data. Finally, the human-computer interface display and store results. Compared with traditional smart clothing, this system can provide a multifunctional specialization monitoring for elderly who need extra cares. This thesis is organized as follows. Chapter 1is an introduction including the smart clothing concept, the review of previous works, motivations, and the objectives of this thesis is also given in this chapter. Chapter 2 introduces system functions and the whole design scheme which covers both the hardware and software design. In chapter 3, the advanced relevant algorithms used for posture recognition is presented in order to provide the necessary knowledge, and the final algorithm used in this thesis is explained in this chapter. The chapter 4 and 5 respectively introduce the system hardware implementation and the software implementation. The system consists of wearable nodes (6 subnodes and 1 central node) and PC human-computer interaction interface, which are explained in detail in both chapters. Chapter 6 shows the experimental results of this smart-clothing platform and analyzes them in turn. On the basis of Chapter 6, Chapter 7 concludes the advantages and disadvantages of this system and gives the recommendations for future works. Additionally, the software source code of host computer and the lower computer are given in the appendix