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6. Flocked nasal swab versus nasopharyngeal aspirate for detection of respiratory tract viruses in immunocompromised adults: a matched comparative study

Author

Broliden Kristina, Norbeck Oscar, Rotzén-Östlund Maria, Wong Michelle, Öhrmalm Lars, and Tolfvenstam Thomas

Subjects
Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract Background Several studies have compared nasal swabs to the more invasive nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) for detection of respiratory viruses. Mostly, the comparisons have been performed on immunocompetent children with upper respiratory tract symptoms. The results range from a relatively poor sensitivity for the swabs to an even higher sensitivity than for the NPA. We aimed to investigate the sensitivity of a flocked nasal swab (fNS) on immunocompromised adults with febrile neutropenia. Methods During 16 months, adults with a hematological disorder presenting with febrile neutropenia were enrolled in the study. Paired samples of the fNS and NPA were collected in the outer part of the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx, respectively. The samples were analyzed regarding a panel of 15 respiratory viruses by means of quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, as an indirect measure of cell yield by either method, the copy number of the human beta actin gene was also determined. Cohen's kappa was calculated as a measure of agreement of the results obtained from either method. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for comparison of cell yield. Results A total of 98 paired samples from a total of 89 patients were collected. Twenty of the pairs had virus detected in at least one of the specimens; 11 in both, 7 in NPA only, and 2 in fNS only. For the fNS, the overall sensitivity for any virus and for rhinovirus only was 65% and 78%, respectively. NPA was significantly superior to the fNS in collecting epithelial cells. Conclusion We found the overall sensitivity of 65% to be too low to replace NPA with this sampling technique in this patient category.

Published
2010
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7. Slow clearance of human parvovirus B19 viremia following acute infection

Author

Lindblom, Anna, Isa, Adiba, Norbeck, Oscar, Wolf, Susanne, Johansson, Bo, Broliden, Kristina, and Tolfvenstam, Thomas

Subjects
Parvovirus infections -- Research, Parvovirus infections -- Diagnosis, Parvovirus infections -- Care and treatment, Health, Health care industry
Published
2005

8. T20. SEARCHING FOR NOVEL AUTOANTIBODIES WITH CLINICAL RELEVANCE IN PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS

Author

Persson, Mats, primary, Zandian, Arasch, additional, Wingård, Louise, additional, Nilsson, Hanna, additional, Sjöstedt, Evelina, additional, Johansson, Daniel, additional, Just, David, additional, Hellström, Cecilia, additional, Uhlén, Mathias, additional, Schwenk, Jochen, additional, Häggmark-Månberg, Anna, additional, Norbeck, Oscar, additional, Owe-Larsson, Björn, additional, and Nilsson, Peter, additional

Published
2018
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9. SEARCHING FOR NOVEL AUTOANTIBODIES WITH CLINICAL RELEVANCE IN PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS

Author

Persson, Mats, Zandian, Arasch, Wingard, Louise, Nilsson, Hanna, Sjöstedt, Evelina, Johansson, Daniel, Just, David, Hellstrom, Cecilia, Uhlen, Mathias, Schwenk, Jochen, Haggmark-Manberg, Anna, Norbeck, Oscar, Owe-Larsson, Bjorn, Nilsson, Peter, Persson, Mats, Zandian, Arasch, Wingard, Louise, Nilsson, Hanna, Sjöstedt, Evelina, Johansson, Daniel, Just, David, Hellstrom, Cecilia, Uhlen, Mathias, Schwenk, Jochen, Haggmark-Manberg, Anna, Norbeck, Oscar, Owe-Larsson, Bjorn, and Nilsson, Peter

Published
2018

10. Clinical and immunological aspects of human parvovirus B19 infection

Author

Norbeck, Oscar and Norbeck, Oscar

Abstract

Human parvovirus B19 (B19) causes erythema infectiosum, a limited disease of childhood also known as the fifth disease or slapped cheek syndrome, referring to the characteristic facial rash. It normally infects through the respiratory route, even though transmission via blood products and transplanted organs occur. B 19 infection is common with a seroprevalence in the elderly of about 80%. In adults, the presentation is diffuse with arthropathy as a main feature. B 19 causes a lytic infection of predominantly erythroid precursors, resulting in a decrease in reticulocyte count and hemoglobin level. In patients with underlying hematological disease, transient aplastic crisis may ensue that is sometimes fatal. In immunocompromised individuals, B19 can cause persistent infection and chronic anemia. Mainly humoral responses are reported, although recent data has indicated an importance also of the cellular immune system, but little is known about the CD8+ T cell response in B19 infection and other resolving infections in man. Persistent infection despite the presence of neutralizing antibodies has been observed in individuals with long-lasting B19-related symptoms resembling those of the chronic fatigue syndrome. An association between B19 and this disease as well as some other clinical entities, such as rheumatoid arthritis, has been proposed but is not established. About one third of maternal infections are transmitted to the fetus, which may cause fetal hydrops and intrauterine fetal death (lUFD). Adverse outcome is reported to be confined to the second trimester, but indications of late cases warrant further study. We therefore examined all cases of IUFD in gestational week 22 or later that occurred in our geographical area between the years 1993 and 1999. By PCR, we found B19 DNA in 14% of the cases, suggesting B19 to be a common cause of IUFD also in late gestation. The lack of the classical clinical features of fetal hydrops and evident maternal infection, and a s

Published
2005

16. Sustained CD8+ T-Cell Responses Induced after Acute Parvovirus B19 Infection in Humans.

Author

Norbeck, Oscar, Isa, Adiba, Pöhlmann, Christoph, Broliden, Kristina, Kasprowicz, Victoria, Bowness, Paul, Klenerman, Paul, and Tolfvenstam, Thomas

Subjects
*PREVENTIVE medicine, *T cells, *PARVOVIRUSES, *DNA viruses, *VIRUSES, *VIRUS diseases, *VACCINATION
Abstract

Murine models have suggested that CD8+ T-cell responses peak early in acute viral infections and are not sustained, but no evidence for humans has been available. To address this, we longitudinally analyzed the CD8+ T-cell response to human parvovirus B19 in acutely infected individuals. We observed striking CD8+ T-cell responses, which were sustained or even increased over many months after the resolution of acute disease, indicating that CD8+ T cells may play a prominent role in the control of parvovirus B19 and other acute viral infections of humans, including potentially those generated by live vaccines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
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