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S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM)-mediated methylation of biomolecules controls their function and regulates numerous vital intracellular processes. Analogs of SAM with a reporter group in place of the S-methyl group are widely used to study these processes. However, many of these analogs are chemically unstable that largely limits their practical application. We have developed a new compound, SAM-Ph, which contains an H-phosphinic group (-P(O)(H)OH) instead of the SAM carboxylic group. SAM-PH is significantly more stable than SAM, retains functional activity in catechol-O-methyltransferase and methyltransferase WBSCR27 reactions. The last is associated with Williams-Beuren syndrome. Rac-SAM-PH was synthesized chemically, while (R,S)-SAM-PH and its analogs were prepared enzymatically either from H-phosphinic analogs of methionine (Met-PH) or H-phosphinic analog of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH-Ph) using methionine adenosyltransferase 2A or halide methyltransferases, respectively. SAH-PH undergoes glycoside bond cleavage in the presence of methylthioadenosine nucleosidase like natural SAH. Thus, SAM-PH and its analogs are promising new tools for investigating methyltransferases and incorporating reporter groups into their substrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel, efficient, two-step approach to the synthesis of merocyanine dyes was developed. Initially, N-substituted picolinium salts were formylated with N,N-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal to produce enamine derivatives. Then a series of merocyanine dyes were obtained by the high-yield reaction between the enamines and various active methylene compounds. The described reactions, carried out in mild conditions, provide access to the synthesis of a wide range of dyes. This innovative method enabled the synthesis of a number of new merocyanine dyes and increased the yields of the known compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]