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Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most prevalent forms of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) with a poor overall survival rate (about 50%), particularly in cases of metastasis. RNA-based cancer biomarkers are a relatively advanced concept, and non-coding RNAs currently have shown promising roles in the detection and treatment of various malignancies. This review underlines the function of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the OSCC and its subsequent clinical implications. LncRNAs, a class of non-coding RNAs, are larger than 200 nucleotides and resemble mRNA in numerous ways. However, unlike mRNA, lncRNA regulates multiple druggable and non-druggable signaling molecules through simultaneous interaction with DNA, RNA, proteins, or microRNAs depending on concentration and localization in cells. Upregulation of oncogenic lncRNAs and down-regulation of tumor suppressor lncRNAs are evident in OSCC tissues and body fluids such as blood and saliva indicating their potential as valuable biomarkers. Targeted inhibition of candidate oncogenic lncRNAs or over-expression of tumor suppressor lncRNAs showed potential therapeutic roles in in-vivo animal models. The types of lncRNAs that are expressed differentially in OSCC tissue and bodily fluids have been systematically documented with specificity and sensitivity. This review thoroughly discusses the biological functions of such lncRNAs in OSCC cell survival, proliferation, invasion, migration, metastasis, angiogenesis, metabolism, epigenetic modification, tumor immune microenvironment, and drug resistance. Subsequently, we addressed the diagnostic and therapeutic importance of lncRNAs in OSCC pre-clinical and clinical systems, providing details on ongoing research and outlining potential future directions for advancements in this field. In essence, this review could be a valuable resource by offering comprehensive and current insights into lncRNAs in OSCC for researchers in fundamental and clinical domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Coronary heart disease (CHD) in Indians has reached an epidemic proportion and has the highest rate amongst all ethnic groups studied CAD occurring in Indians are often premature (<40 years of age) a generally follows a malignant course. The incidence of classical risk factors is low although high triglyceride, low HDL cholesterol, high Lp (a) level, hyperinsulinemia and central obesity show a substantial prevalence. Aims: To correlate the risk factors with coronary artery disease, angiographic characteristics individually in females, males, smokers, diabetics, patients with multiple risk factors and find out number of vessels involved in different subgroups. Materials and method: The present study was single centre institution based prospective study. This study conducted from Two years (from January 2014 to December 2015) in a tertiary care hospital of West Bengal. 50 patients were included in this study. Result: Proportion of male 40(80.0%) were higher than female 10(20.0%). Approximately one-fifth 9(18.0%) of the patients were Diabetes in this study. 16 (32.0%) patients had history of premature CAD. In this study, 33(66.0%) had no Hypertension but 1734.0%) had Hypertension. almost one third of the study population had Hypertension, again attributable to obesity, lack of exercise, smoking etc. Among arteries LAD was the most commonly involved (46.0%). Proximal lesion was more common, lesions were mostly focal, Patients with MI had thrombotic occlusion. Echocardiography showed RWMA in 18 cases (36.0%). This echo includes all patients with RWMA including ACS. ECG was found to be abnormal in 39 (78.0%) patients, in the form of ST-T changes, ST elevation, T wave changes. LV Dysfunction was present in 18 cases. In this study, 15(30.0%) patients were treated medically, PICA was done in 31(60%) patients and 4(8.0%) patients underwent CABG. Conclusion: we concluded that the risk factors with coronary artery disease, angiographic characteristics and number of vessels involved in different subgroups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In addition to process steam and real power demands, manufacturing processes also have a varying reactive power demand that must be satisfied. Reactive power affects line currents and bus voltages, as well as power factor of the tie-line bringing power into the plant from the local utility. The local utility applies a penalty if the tie-line power demand exceeds an agreed value and often imposes a low power factor penalty as well. Stable system operation requires that bus voltages are maintained within assigned limits, that transformers and connecting cables do not become overloaded, and that generators and synchronous motors run within their reactive capabilities. There can be many acceptable combinations of the settings of generator and synchronous motor excitations, of transformer taps and capacitor banks, all of which lie within the set of electrical system constraints. There are so many variables to manipulate that is very difficult for an operator to make optimal decisions, even under steady-state conditions. It is an even more complicated task during system upsets. This paper discusses a program that runs on a plant's distributed control system that resolves alternatives and presents to the operator the best combination of settings for implementation. The program can be adopted for direct on-line implementation. The paper discusses cases of three plants where on-line implementations have been employed. Index Terms - Distributed control system, energy management, industrial power system control, optimization, reactive power control.

The microenvironment in which cancer resides plays an important role in regulating cancer survival, progression, malignancy and drug resistance. Tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of heterogeneous number and types of cellular and non-cellular components that vary in relation to tumor phenotype and genotype. In recent, non-cellular secreted components of microenvironmental heterogeneity have been suggested to contain various growth factors, cytokines, RNA, DNA, metabolites, structural matrix and matricellular proteins. These non-cellular components have been indicated to orchestrate numerous ways to support cancer survival and progression by providing metabolites, energy, growth signals, evading immune surveillance, drug resistance environment, metastatic and angiogenesis cues. Thus, switching action from pro-cancer to anti-cancer activities of these secreted components of TME has been considered as a new avenue in cancer therapeutics and drug resistance. In this report, we summarize the recent pre-clinical and clinical evidences to emphasize the importance of non-cellular components of TME in achieving precision therapeutics and biomarker study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]